Moisture electricity generation(MEG)has emerged as a sustainable and versatile energy-harvesting technology capable of converting ubiquitous environmental moisture into electrical energy,which holds great promise for ...Moisture electricity generation(MEG)has emerged as a sustainable and versatile energy-harvesting technology capable of converting ubiquitous environmental moisture into electrical energy,which holds great promise for renewable energy and constructing self-powered electronics.In this review,we begin by outlining the fundamental mechanisms—ion diffusion,electric double layer formation,and streaming potential—that govern charge transport for MEG in moist environments.A comprehensive survey of material innovations follows,highlighting breakthroughs in carbon-based materials,conductive polymers,hydrogels,and bio-inspired systems that enhance MEG performance,scalability,and biocompatibility.We then explore a range of device architectures,from planar and layered systems to flexible,miniaturized,and textile-integrated designs,engineered for both energy conversion and sensor integration.Key challenges are analyzed,along with strategies for overcoming them.We conclude with a forward-looking perspective on future directions,including hybrid energy systems,AI-assisted material design,and real-world deployment.This review presents a timely and comprehensive overview of MEG technologies and their trajectory toward practical and sustainable energy solutions.展开更多
Moisture enabled electric generation(MEG)is an innovative green energy technology that converts the chemical potential energy of atmospheric water vapor into electricity.Here,we report a novel molecular-level zero-dim...Moisture enabled electric generation(MEG)is an innovative green energy technology that converts the chemical potential energy of atmospheric water vapor into electricity.Here,we report a novel molecular-level zero-dimensional(0D)perovskite-based MEG device that efficiently harvests ambient moisture to generate electric power,which makes perovskite a new kind of potential MEG.The 0D perovskite,DAP₂PbI₆,(where DAP is 1,3-bis(ammonium)-2-hydroxypropane diiodide.)features a unique hydrogen-bonding network formed between its ammonium(–NH_(3)^(+))and hydroxyl(–OH)groups,imparting water stability and remarkable hydrophilicity.Such robust interactions facilitate water adsorption and the subsequent release of hydrogen ions under humid conditions.These protonic species establish an ion gradient,driving a directional current via the ion-gradient diffusion–induced voltage.We demonstrated a maximum volumetric power density of 45 mW·cm^(–3)—substantially exceeding previously reported values for protein-or carbon-based MEG.Additionally,SEM and AFM analyses confirm DAP₂PbI₆is stable upon moisture exposure,while temperature-dependent impedance spectroscopy and theoretical calculations reveal that proton diffusion is the primary mechanism for the observed moisture-driven electricity.These findings underscore the promise of hydrophilic 0D perovskite materials for high-efficiency MEG and pave the way for next-generation sustainable power applications.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52305388,BE0200030)Shanghai Pujiang Program(22PJ1407600)+1 种基金SJTU Explore X programShanghai Jiao Tong University Initiative Scientific Research Program(WH220402021)。
文摘Moisture electricity generation(MEG)has emerged as a sustainable and versatile energy-harvesting technology capable of converting ubiquitous environmental moisture into electrical energy,which holds great promise for renewable energy and constructing self-powered electronics.In this review,we begin by outlining the fundamental mechanisms—ion diffusion,electric double layer formation,and streaming potential—that govern charge transport for MEG in moist environments.A comprehensive survey of material innovations follows,highlighting breakthroughs in carbon-based materials,conductive polymers,hydrogels,and bio-inspired systems that enhance MEG performance,scalability,and biocompatibility.We then explore a range of device architectures,from planar and layered systems to flexible,miniaturized,and textile-integrated designs,engineered for both energy conversion and sensor integration.Key challenges are analyzed,along with strategies for overcoming them.We conclude with a forward-looking perspective on future directions,including hybrid energy systems,AI-assisted material design,and real-world deployment.This review presents a timely and comprehensive overview of MEG technologies and their trajectory toward practical and sustainable energy solutions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52102217,52102332)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2021J05120).
文摘Moisture enabled electric generation(MEG)is an innovative green energy technology that converts the chemical potential energy of atmospheric water vapor into electricity.Here,we report a novel molecular-level zero-dimensional(0D)perovskite-based MEG device that efficiently harvests ambient moisture to generate electric power,which makes perovskite a new kind of potential MEG.The 0D perovskite,DAP₂PbI₆,(where DAP is 1,3-bis(ammonium)-2-hydroxypropane diiodide.)features a unique hydrogen-bonding network formed between its ammonium(–NH_(3)^(+))and hydroxyl(–OH)groups,imparting water stability and remarkable hydrophilicity.Such robust interactions facilitate water adsorption and the subsequent release of hydrogen ions under humid conditions.These protonic species establish an ion gradient,driving a directional current via the ion-gradient diffusion–induced voltage.We demonstrated a maximum volumetric power density of 45 mW·cm^(–3)—substantially exceeding previously reported values for protein-or carbon-based MEG.Additionally,SEM and AFM analyses confirm DAP₂PbI₆is stable upon moisture exposure,while temperature-dependent impedance spectroscopy and theoretical calculations reveal that proton diffusion is the primary mechanism for the observed moisture-driven electricity.These findings underscore the promise of hydrophilic 0D perovskite materials for high-efficiency MEG and pave the way for next-generation sustainable power applications.
