With technological advancements,consumer demands for textile functionality and intelligence have increased substantially.Next-generation E-textiles should enable multidirectional force sensing while ensuring high leve...With technological advancements,consumer demands for textile functionality and intelligence have increased substantially.Next-generation E-textiles should enable multidirectional force sensing while ensuring high levels of wearer comfort.However,existing electronic textiles are insufficient to simultaneously monitor the direction and degree of strain,and sweat accumulation can lead to poor comfort.Here,inspired by the asymmetric gradient structure of human skin,Janus double-layer woven electronic textile(JDET)was designed.Through material-structure-function biomimetic design,bidirectional bending recognition and moisture management function are integrated into the device.A high-sensitivity strain sensing unit(GF=1402.94)was constructed using a single wrapped yarn and conductive materials.Combined with a double-layer fabric structure design,a plain weave layer woven with hydrophilic sensing yarn and a twill weave layer woven with hydrophobic polyester yarn formed a dual gradient structure of fabric wettability and porosity,resulting in excellent unidirectional moisture transport capability.The asymmetric design of the sensing layer enables JDET to selectively identify bending directions(-180°-180°),and has good stability(>8000 s)in bending cycle testing.In addition,JDET has been successfully applied to human motion monitoring and Morse code interaction systems.This asymmetric gradient structure design of textiles provides ideas for the design of the next generation of intelligent electronic textiles.展开更多
Cotton fiber,as a soft and skin-friendly natural fiber,is gaining increasing attention,but how to realize the ideal cotton fabric for sweat rapid evaporation remains challenging.Herein,for the first time,a personal mo...Cotton fiber,as a soft and skin-friendly natural fiber,is gaining increasing attention,but how to realize the ideal cotton fabric for sweat rapid evaporation remains challenging.Herein,for the first time,a personal moisture management cotton electronic textile(PMMC etextile)with a pleated structure and dual-mode triboelectric promoting evaporation is developed.The PMMC e-textile can not only rapidly evaporate sweat in the form of small molecules through electric field polarization,but also stably monitor the movement signal of the human body in the state of sweating.In the two working modes,the water evaporation rate is 0.210 g/h in the triboelectric field generated in the horizontal stretching-recovery mode,and 0.247 g/h in the vertical contact separation mode(1.41 and 1.66 times faster than cotton fabric,respectively).This work exhibits a good fusion of wet comfort textiles and wearable electronics.展开更多
Passive cooling holds tremendous potential in improving thermal comfort because of its zero energy consumption and cost-effectiveness.However,currently reported radiative cooling materials primarily focus on hydrophob...Passive cooling holds tremendous potential in improving thermal comfort because of its zero energy consumption and cost-effectiveness.However,currently reported radiative cooling materials primarily focus on hydrophobic polymer films,inevi-tably leading to sweat accumulation and limited cooling efficiency in hot-humid environments.Herein,an advanced Janus membrane with excellent temperature-moisture management capabilities is developed,which combines radiative cooling and evaporative heat dissipation.Modification with Calcium sulfite(CaSO3)nanoparticles not only enhances the optical properties(state-of-the-art solar reflectance of 96.6%,infrared emittance of 96.1%)but also improves the wettability of the polylactic acid fiber membrane.Especially 15%emittance improvement is achieved due to the strong infrared radiation ability of CaSO3.The membranes with opposite wettability realize the directional sweat transport(high one-way transport index of 945%).Excellent radiative cooling capability is demonstrated with sub-ambient cooling of 5.8°C in the dry state.The Janus membranes covering sweaty skin exhibit a 46%shorter drying time and a 2°C lower average evaporation temperature compared to cotton fabric,indicating highly efficient thermal and moisture management.This work provides an efficient route to achieving smart textiles that enable the human body to adapt to complex environmental conditions.展开更多
Proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)is a promising clean energy source,but its performance and stability are vulnerable to the negative effects of humidity conditions.The gas diffusion substrate(GDS)plays a pivot...Proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)is a promising clean energy source,but its performance and stability are vulnerable to the negative effects of humidity conditions.The gas diffusion substrate(GDS)plays a pivotal role in regulating the moisture and gas transport.The single pore structure of traditionally designed GDS often leads to the pathway competition between moisture and gas,which effects the efficiency of fuel cells.In this study,we report on a hierarchical fibrous paper with tunable hierarchical pores for a sustainable GDS.This design offers gas permeability under wet conditions,by separating the gas pathway from the moisture pathway,thus mitigating their pathway competition.In addition,this paper forms a multi-scale scaffold that absorbs moisture under high humidity conditions and releases it under dry conditions.It is allowed to maintain an optimal internal humidity and further enhances the humidity adaptability.Furthermore,the carbon footprint is only 15.97%,significantly lower than commercial alternatives.This feature makes it a sustainable solution to stabilize PEMFCs under diverse humidity conditions.展开更多
Many of us have the feeling: you step out in a T-shirt on a summer day, and within twenty minutes, your underarms feel damp. There are sweat marks on the clothes, and they are clearly visible. While many debate the me...Many of us have the feeling: you step out in a T-shirt on a summer day, and within twenty minutes, your underarms feel damp. There are sweat marks on the clothes, and they are clearly visible. While many debate the merits of polyester fabric with cool-touch feelingversus cotton as temperatures soar, the apparel world is quietly experiencing a "merino wool trend." A lot of major brands are launching merino wool short-sleeve tees.展开更多
Thermal management of textiles requires local microclimate control over heat and wet dissipation to create a comfortable thermal-wet environment at the interface of the human body and clothing.Herein,we design a fabri...Thermal management of textiles requires local microclimate control over heat and wet dissipation to create a comfortable thermal-wet environment at the interface of the human body and clothing.Herein,we design a fabric capable of both sweat-and cooling-management using a knitted fabric featuring a bilayer structure consisting of hydrophobic polyethylene terephthalate and hydrophilic cellulose fibers to simultaneously achieve high infrared(IR)transmittance and good thermal-wet comfort.The IR transmission of this cooling textile increased by~twofold in the dry state and~eightfold in the wet state compared to conventional cotton fabric.When the porosity changes from 10 to 47%with the comparison of conventional cotton fabric and our cooling textile,the heat flux is increased from 74.4 to 152.3 W/cm^(2).The cooling effect of the cooling fabric is 105%greater than that of commercial cotton fabric,which displays a better thermal management capacity for personal cooling.This bilayer design controls fast moisture transfer from inside out and provides thermal management,demonstrating high impact not only for garments,but also for other systems requiring heat regulation,such as buildings,which could mitigate energy demand and ultimately contribute to the relief of global energy and climate issues.展开更多
In response to the limitations of conventional thermal management materials,such as restricted functionality,narrow temperature adaptability,and poor breathability,flexibility,and stretchability,this highlight present...In response to the limitations of conventional thermal management materials,such as restricted functionality,narrow temperature adaptability,and poor breathability,flexibility,and stretchability,this highlight presents a breathable,dual-mode leather-like nanotextile(LNT)with asymmetric pleated photonic microstructures and Janus wettability.This innovative design enables efficient and adaptive personal thermal regulation across a broad temperature range,while significantly improving wearer comfort through optimized moisture management and mechanical compliance.The proposed LNT opens new pathways for developing nextgeneration smart textiles,showing great potential for real-world applications in dynamic and demanding environments.展开更多
Nanofiber core-spun yarn(NCSY)combines the advantages of traditional fibers and nanofibers to be widely used in smart wearable textiles,biomedical textiles,and functional textiles.Here,for the first time,the forming p...Nanofiber core-spun yarn(NCSY)combines the advantages of traditional fibers and nanofibers to be widely used in smart wearable textiles,biomedical textiles,and functional textiles.Here,for the first time,the forming process of NCSY and its shape regulation mechanism were explored via finite element analysis and response surface analysis method to obtain mathematical model for predicting the various forms of yarn.As proof-of-concept applications,shape-controllable nanofiber core-spun yarns were prepared for thermal–moisture management and solar steam generation,respectively.The as-obtained shape-controllable PAN nanofiber/cotton composite yarns could achieve an interval control of average water transfer velocity in the horizontal(0.17–0.24 cm min^(-1))and vertical(0.24–0.33 cm min^(-1))directions within 30 min due to the arrangement of PAN nanofibers causes microchannels and hydrophilicity,matching the sweat secretion of human bodies under dynamic or static conditions and realizing the purpose of thermal and moisture comfort.Furthermore,PAN nanofiber wrapped CNTs/cotton composite yarn-based(PAN@CNTs-NCSY)evaporator was designed,which shows a fast water evaporation rate of 1.40 kg m^(-2)h^(-1),exceeding in most fabric-based evaporators reported to date.These findings have guiding significance for preparing rich style NCSY according to demand and designing functional and intelligent textiles via adjusting the type of core and shell fibers.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.Grant52173218)the Natural Science Foundation Project of Shanghai“science and technology innovation action plan”(Nos.22ZR1400500 and 20ZR1400200)+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of the Science and Technology Bureau of Ningbo City(Grant No.2023Z082)supported by“the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities”(CUSF-DH-T-2024043).
文摘With technological advancements,consumer demands for textile functionality and intelligence have increased substantially.Next-generation E-textiles should enable multidirectional force sensing while ensuring high levels of wearer comfort.However,existing electronic textiles are insufficient to simultaneously monitor the direction and degree of strain,and sweat accumulation can lead to poor comfort.Here,inspired by the asymmetric gradient structure of human skin,Janus double-layer woven electronic textile(JDET)was designed.Through material-structure-function biomimetic design,bidirectional bending recognition and moisture management function are integrated into the device.A high-sensitivity strain sensing unit(GF=1402.94)was constructed using a single wrapped yarn and conductive materials.Combined with a double-layer fabric structure design,a plain weave layer woven with hydrophilic sensing yarn and a twill weave layer woven with hydrophobic polyester yarn formed a dual gradient structure of fabric wettability and porosity,resulting in excellent unidirectional moisture transport capability.The asymmetric design of the sensing layer enables JDET to selectively identify bending directions(-180°-180°),and has good stability(>8000 s)in bending cycle testing.In addition,JDET has been successfully applied to human motion monitoring and Morse code interaction systems.This asymmetric gradient structure design of textiles provides ideas for the design of the next generation of intelligent electronic textiles.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52373069 and 52373032)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.CUSF-DH-T-2023045)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2232023A-05)Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Projects of Shandong Province(No.2023CXGC010610)the Chang Jiang Scholars Program.
文摘Cotton fiber,as a soft and skin-friendly natural fiber,is gaining increasing attention,but how to realize the ideal cotton fabric for sweat rapid evaporation remains challenging.Herein,for the first time,a personal moisture management cotton electronic textile(PMMC etextile)with a pleated structure and dual-mode triboelectric promoting evaporation is developed.The PMMC e-textile can not only rapidly evaporate sweat in the form of small molecules through electric field polarization,but also stably monitor the movement signal of the human body in the state of sweating.In the two working modes,the water evaporation rate is 0.210 g/h in the triboelectric field generated in the horizontal stretching-recovery mode,and 0.247 g/h in the vertical contact separation mode(1.41 and 1.66 times faster than cotton fabric,respectively).This work exhibits a good fusion of wet comfort textiles and wearable electronics.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2022YFA1602700 and 2022YFB2502104)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22375089)+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of Jiangsu Provincial Department of Science and Technology of China(BE2022332)Jiangsu Carbon Peak Carbon Neutralization Science and Technology Innovation Special Fund(BE2022605).
文摘Passive cooling holds tremendous potential in improving thermal comfort because of its zero energy consumption and cost-effectiveness.However,currently reported radiative cooling materials primarily focus on hydrophobic polymer films,inevi-tably leading to sweat accumulation and limited cooling efficiency in hot-humid environments.Herein,an advanced Janus membrane with excellent temperature-moisture management capabilities is developed,which combines radiative cooling and evaporative heat dissipation.Modification with Calcium sulfite(CaSO3)nanoparticles not only enhances the optical properties(state-of-the-art solar reflectance of 96.6%,infrared emittance of 96.1%)but also improves the wettability of the polylactic acid fiber membrane.Especially 15%emittance improvement is achieved due to the strong infrared radiation ability of CaSO3.The membranes with opposite wettability realize the directional sweat transport(high one-way transport index of 945%).Excellent radiative cooling capability is demonstrated with sub-ambient cooling of 5.8°C in the dry state.The Janus membranes covering sweaty skin exhibit a 46%shorter drying time and a 2°C lower average evaporation temperature compared to cotton fabric,indicating highly efficient thermal and moisture management.This work provides an efficient route to achieving smart textiles that enable the human body to adapt to complex environmental conditions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U23A6005,22208112,and 32171721)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22308109)+2 种基金Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2024A1515010678)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(SCUT:2023ZYGXZR045)the State Key Laboratory of Pulp&Paper Engineering(Nos.2023ZD01,2023C02).
文摘Proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)is a promising clean energy source,but its performance and stability are vulnerable to the negative effects of humidity conditions.The gas diffusion substrate(GDS)plays a pivotal role in regulating the moisture and gas transport.The single pore structure of traditionally designed GDS often leads to the pathway competition between moisture and gas,which effects the efficiency of fuel cells.In this study,we report on a hierarchical fibrous paper with tunable hierarchical pores for a sustainable GDS.This design offers gas permeability under wet conditions,by separating the gas pathway from the moisture pathway,thus mitigating their pathway competition.In addition,this paper forms a multi-scale scaffold that absorbs moisture under high humidity conditions and releases it under dry conditions.It is allowed to maintain an optimal internal humidity and further enhances the humidity adaptability.Furthermore,the carbon footprint is only 15.97%,significantly lower than commercial alternatives.This feature makes it a sustainable solution to stabilize PEMFCs under diverse humidity conditions.
文摘Many of us have the feeling: you step out in a T-shirt on a summer day, and within twenty minutes, your underarms feel damp. There are sweat marks on the clothes, and they are clearly visible. While many debate the merits of polyester fabric with cool-touch feelingversus cotton as temperatures soar, the apparel world is quietly experiencing a "merino wool trend." A lot of major brands are launching merino wool short-sleeve tees.
基金This project was made possible by financial support from the Delivering Efficient Local Thermal Amenities(DELTA)Program of the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy(ARPA-E),U.S.Department of Energy.
文摘Thermal management of textiles requires local microclimate control over heat and wet dissipation to create a comfortable thermal-wet environment at the interface of the human body and clothing.Herein,we design a fabric capable of both sweat-and cooling-management using a knitted fabric featuring a bilayer structure consisting of hydrophobic polyethylene terephthalate and hydrophilic cellulose fibers to simultaneously achieve high infrared(IR)transmittance and good thermal-wet comfort.The IR transmission of this cooling textile increased by~twofold in the dry state and~eightfold in the wet state compared to conventional cotton fabric.When the porosity changes from 10 to 47%with the comparison of conventional cotton fabric and our cooling textile,the heat flux is increased from 74.4 to 152.3 W/cm^(2).The cooling effect of the cooling fabric is 105%greater than that of commercial cotton fabric,which displays a better thermal management capacity for personal cooling.This bilayer design controls fast moisture transfer from inside out and provides thermal management,demonstrating high impact not only for garments,but also for other systems requiring heat regulation,such as buildings,which could mitigate energy demand and ultimately contribute to the relief of global energy and climate issues.
文摘In response to the limitations of conventional thermal management materials,such as restricted functionality,narrow temperature adaptability,and poor breathability,flexibility,and stretchability,this highlight presents a breathable,dual-mode leather-like nanotextile(LNT)with asymmetric pleated photonic microstructures and Janus wettability.This innovative design enables efficient and adaptive personal thermal regulation across a broad temperature range,while significantly improving wearer comfort through optimized moisture management and mechanical compliance.The proposed LNT opens new pathways for developing nextgeneration smart textiles,showing great potential for real-world applications in dynamic and demanding environments.
基金supported by the Grants(52373069,52373032,51973027,and 52003044)from the National Natural Science Foundation of China,the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC3011701)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2232023A-05)+3 种基金International Cooperation Fund of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(21130750100)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and Graduate Student Innovation Fund of Donghua University(CUSF-DH-D2022039)Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Projects of Shandong Province(2021CXGC011004,2023CXGC010610)supported by the Chang Jiang Scholars Program and the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(2019-01-07-00-03-E00023)to Prof.Xiaohong Qin.
文摘Nanofiber core-spun yarn(NCSY)combines the advantages of traditional fibers and nanofibers to be widely used in smart wearable textiles,biomedical textiles,and functional textiles.Here,for the first time,the forming process of NCSY and its shape regulation mechanism were explored via finite element analysis and response surface analysis method to obtain mathematical model for predicting the various forms of yarn.As proof-of-concept applications,shape-controllable nanofiber core-spun yarns were prepared for thermal–moisture management and solar steam generation,respectively.The as-obtained shape-controllable PAN nanofiber/cotton composite yarns could achieve an interval control of average water transfer velocity in the horizontal(0.17–0.24 cm min^(-1))and vertical(0.24–0.33 cm min^(-1))directions within 30 min due to the arrangement of PAN nanofibers causes microchannels and hydrophilicity,matching the sweat secretion of human bodies under dynamic or static conditions and realizing the purpose of thermal and moisture comfort.Furthermore,PAN nanofiber wrapped CNTs/cotton composite yarn-based(PAN@CNTs-NCSY)evaporator was designed,which shows a fast water evaporation rate of 1.40 kg m^(-2)h^(-1),exceeding in most fabric-based evaporators reported to date.These findings have guiding significance for preparing rich style NCSY according to demand and designing functional and intelligent textiles via adjusting the type of core and shell fibers.
