Delusional disorder(DD)has been traditionally considered a relatively rare and treatment-resistant psychotic disorder.In the last decade,increasing attention has focused on therapeutic outcomes of individuals affected...Delusional disorder(DD)has been traditionally considered a relatively rare and treatment-resistant psychotic disorder.In the last decade,increasing attention has focused on therapeutic outcomes of individuals affected by this disorder.The aim of this paper is to provide a synthesis of the literature addressing two very important questions arising from DD research:(1)For which patients with DD do antipsychotic medications work best(the moderators of response);and(2)What variables best explain the relationship between such treatments and their effectiveness(the mediators of response).We searched PubMed and Google Scholar databases for English,German,French and Spanish language papers published since 2000.We also included a few classic earlier papers addressing this topic.Variables potentially moderating antipsychotic response in DD are gender,reproductive status,age,duration of illness,the presence of comorbidity(especially psychiatric comorbidity)and its treatment,brain structure,and genetics of neurochemical receptors and drug metabolizing enzymes.Antipsychotic and hormonal blood levels during treatment,as well as functional brain changes,are potential mediating variables.Some,but not all,patients with DD benefit from antipsychotic treatment.Understanding the circumstances under which treatment works best can serve to guide optimal management.展开更多
Calculation of moderator analogues for 14 MeV neutrons as source were made at a IBM/PC AT computer using TAMAKER-ANISN program and 46 groups (25 neutron groups, 21 photon groups) UW cross section data. The intensifyin...Calculation of moderator analogues for 14 MeV neutrons as source were made at a IBM/PC AT computer using TAMAKER-ANISN program and 46 groups (25 neutron groups, 21 photon groups) UW cross section data. The intensifying effect of lead and natural uranium for moderating 14 MeV neutrons is confirmed. Adopting proper structure of the moderator, the intensifying factor M (times) may be larger than 3. Using lead and natural uranium in sub-critical assemblies (or call boosters),with 14 MeV neutrons as source, with the same dimension as that of above, the intensifying effect is also condrmed. With a proper structure of sub-critical assembly,the intensifying factor M may be close to or eved larger than (1 - k)-1 where k isthe effective multiplication factor.展开更多
In this paper,large deviations principle(LDP)and moderate deviations principle(MDP)of record numbers in random walks are studied under certain conditions.The results show that the rate functions of LDP and MDP are dif...In this paper,large deviations principle(LDP)and moderate deviations principle(MDP)of record numbers in random walks are studied under certain conditions.The results show that the rate functions of LDP and MDP are different from those of weak record numbers,which are interesting complements of the conclusions by Li and Yao[1].展开更多
This article comprehensively reviews research progress in prostate cancer radiation therapy.It provides an overview of fundamental principles,encompassing the disease’s epidemiology,pathological mechanisms,and radiat...This article comprehensively reviews research progress in prostate cancer radiation therapy.It provides an overview of fundamental principles,encompassing the disease’s epidemiology,pathological mechanisms,and radiation sensitivity,alongside technological advancements.The clinical application,technological progress,and efficacy evaluation of moderate hypofractionated radiation therapy and ultra hypofractionated radiation therapy are discussed.Diagnostic and monitoring techniques specific to radiation therapy are analyzed,alongside prevailing controversies and challenges.Finally,the review outlines future prospects,including novel radiotherapy techniques,multidisciplinary collaboration trends,and the evolving role of radiation within comprehensive treatment.The findings demonstrate continuous technological and clinical evolution in prostate cancer radiotherapy,yet emphasize the need for further exploration to optimize treatments and improve patient survival and quality of life.展开更多
Background Higher accelerometer-assessed volume and intensity of physical activity(PA)have been associated with a longer life expectancy but can be difficult to translate into recommended doses of PA.We aimed to:(a)im...Background Higher accelerometer-assessed volume and intensity of physical activity(PA)have been associated with a longer life expectancy but can be difficult to translate into recommended doses of PA.We aimed to:(a)improve interpretability by producing UK Biobank age-referenced centiles for PA volume and intensity;(b)inform public-health messaging by examining how adding recommended quantities of moderate and vigorous PA affect PA volume and intensity.Methods 92,480 UK Biobank participants aged 43-80 years with wrist-worn accelerometer data were included.Average acceleration and intensity gradient were derived as proxies for PA volume and intensity.We generated sex-specific centile curves using Generalized Additive Models for Location Scale and Shape(GAMLSS)and modeled the effect of adding moderate(walking)or vigorous(running)activity on the combined change in the volume and intensity centiles(change in PA profile).Results In men,volume was lower as age increased while intensity was lower after age 55;in women,both volume and intensity were lower as age increased.Adding 150 min of moderate PA weekly(5×30 min walking)increased the PA profile by 4 percentage points.Defining moderate PA as brisk walking approximately doubled the increase(9 percentage points)while 75 min of vigorous PA weekly(5×15 min running)trebled the increase(13 percentage points).Conclusion These UK Biobank reference centiles provide a benchmark for interpretation of accelerometer data.Application of our translational methods demonstrate that meeting PA guidelines through shorter duration vigorous activity is more beneficial to the PA profile(volume and intensity)than longer duration moderate activity.展开更多
On March 14,2025,the Centre for China and Globalisation(CCG)held its first VIP Luncheon of the year at the Beijing International Club.The event was moderated by CCG President Wang Huiyao and brought together over 50 C...On March 14,2025,the Centre for China and Globalisation(CCG)held its first VIP Luncheon of the year at the Beijing International Club.The event was moderated by CCG President Wang Huiyao and brought together over 50 Chinese and international vips,including ambassadors from 17 countries,senior diplomats from 8 countries,as well as representatives from international organisations and chambers of commerce,corporate executives,and prominent media professionals.展开更多
This study investigates the impact of investor protection on corporate R&D investment using panel data from Chinese A-share listed companies spanning 2015 to 2022.By employing OLS regression,mediation,and moderati...This study investigates the impact of investor protection on corporate R&D investment using panel data from Chinese A-share listed companies spanning 2015 to 2022.By employing OLS regression,mediation,and moderation analyses,the results demonstrate that robust investor protection mechanisms significantly enhance corporate R&D expenditures.The mediation analysis reveals that investor protection alleviates financing constraints and improves information disclosure quality,both of which serve as key channels for fostering R&D investment.Furthermore,internal control systems and media attention are identified as positive moderators,amplifying the beneficial effects of investor protection on R&D.In contrast,the equity Herfindahl index(HHI)does not exhibit a significant moderating role.The study also highlights that financial leverage,profitability,and equity concentration negatively influence R&D,while revenue growth exerts a positive effect.These findings underscore the critical role of investor protection in driving corporate innovation and sustainable growth,offering valuable insights for policymakers and corporate managers aiming to optimize R&D strategies through improved governance frameworks.展开更多
Tourism-oriented livelihoods represent a significant avenue for transforming traditional agricultural practices.Analyzing their environmental impacts offers a novel perspective for exploring the complex interplay amon...Tourism-oriented livelihoods represent a significant avenue for transforming traditional agricultural practices.Analyzing their environmental impacts offers a novel perspective for exploring the complex interplay among human production,consumption,and the ecological environment at a micro level.In this study,Shaanxi Province farmers were selected as field survey participants.Based on a quantitative assessment of farmers’ecological footprints within the study area,how their participation in rural tourism affected ecological footprints was analyzed using the propensity score matching model,and the heterogeneity of the impact and underlying mechanisms were further explored.Results indicate that the ecological footprint of farmers varies significantly across land-use types and consumption categories.Moreover,the spatial distribution of the ecological footprints exhibits a distinct“high at both ends and low in the middle”pattern.Participation in rural tourism significantly reduces the ecological footprint,particularly among farmers with higher levels of social trust or lower economic status.Further analysis shows that habitat quality and vegetation coverage are key ecological indicators that exert a significant positive moderating effect on the negative impact of rural tourism participation on farmers’ecological footprints.These findings highlight the importance of integrating ecological conservation with economic development.Accordingly,tailored policies,improved ecological service systems,and enhanced regional ecological quality are recommended to increase resource-use efficiency and promote a virtuous cycle between environmental sustainability and rural economic growth.展开更多
BACKGROUND Adolescence is a period marked by physiological and psychological imbalances,which pose an increased risk for adolescents with major depressive disorder(MDD)to commit non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI).AIM To i...BACKGROUND Adolescence is a period marked by physiological and psychological imbalances,which pose an increased risk for adolescents with major depressive disorder(MDD)to commit non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI).AIM To investigate the moderating role of social support utilization in depression and NSSI among adolescents with MDD.METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled 314 adolescents with MDD(258 with NSSI,56 without)from a Chinese tertiary psychiatric hospital(2021-2023).Participants completed validated scales,including the self-esteem scale,the Barratt impulsiveness scale,the self-rating depression scale,and the teenager social support rating scale.Logistic regression and hierarchical regression analyses were used to examine predictors of NSSI and the moderating effect of social support utilization.RESULTS Results showed that the NSSI group had higher depression levels,lower selfesteem,and greater impulsivity.While overall social support was higher in the NSSI group,social support utilization significantly moderated the depression-NSSI relationship.Specifically,higher utilization levels weakened the association between depression and NSSI(β=-0.001,P<0.05).CONCLUSION These findings suggest that effective utilization of social support,rather than its mere presence,is crucial in reducing NSSI risk among depressed adolescents.展开更多
Let M_(n,p)=(X_(i,k))_(n×p)be an n×p random matrix whose p columns X^((1)),...,X^((p))are an n-dimensional i.i.d.random sample of size p from 1-dependent Gaussian populations.Instead of investigating the spe...Let M_(n,p)=(X_(i,k))_(n×p)be an n×p random matrix whose p columns X^((1)),...,X^((p))are an n-dimensional i.i.d.random sample of size p from 1-dependent Gaussian populations.Instead of investigating the special case where p and n are comparable,we consider a much more general case in which log n=o(p^(1/3)).We prove that the maximum interpoint distance Mn=max{|X_(i)-X_(j)|;1≤i<j≤n}converges to an extreme-value distribution,where X_(i)and X_(j)denote the i-th and j-th row of M_(n,p),respectively.The proofs are completed by using the Chen-Stein Poisson approximation method and the moderation deviation principle.展开更多
Background:Despite growing research on parental technology use and its impacts on adolescent development,the influence of parental smartphone behavior on creativity remains understudied.This study addresses this gap b...Background:Despite growing research on parental technology use and its impacts on adolescent development,the influence of parental smartphone behavior on creativity remains understudied.This study addresses this gap by examining how parental phubbing affects adolescent creativity,exploring both direct and indirect pathways through creative self-efficacy as a mediator and problematic smartphone use(PSU)as a moderator.Methods:A total of 9111 Chinese vocational school adolescents(60.3%male;mean age=16.88 years)were recruited via convenience sampling.Participants completed validated self-report questionnaires assessing creativity,parental phubbing,creative self-efficacy,and PSU.A moderated mediation model was tested using jamovi with bootstrapping procedures(2000 resamples),controlling for gender,age,sibling status,and school type.Results:Creative self-efficacy significantly mediated the relationship between parental phubbing and adolescent creativity(indirect effect=0.061,95%CI[0.013,0.109]),while the direct effect was non-significant.PSU moderated both pathways,revealing contrasting patterns:for adolescents with high PSU,parental phubbing showed positive associations with creative self-efficacy and creativity,whereas among those with low PSU,parental phubbing demonstrated negative associations with both outcomes.Conclusion:This study reveals the complex influence of parental phubbing on adolescent creativity,with effects contingent upon adolescents’own digital engagement patterns.It emphasizes the need to balance guidance and autonomy in fostering creativity.While not endorsing phubbing,the findings challenge simplistic views of technology’s impact and stress the importance of individual differences.The results offer valuable insights for parents,educators,and policymakers supporting youth development in today’s digital family environments.展开更多
Leaf area index(LAI)is a key measure of forest stand physiology and biomass production,and is essential within ecosystem modeling.There are two common approaches to obtaining LAI:(i)terrestrial forest inventory-based...Leaf area index(LAI)is a key measure of forest stand physiology and biomass production,and is essential within ecosystem modeling.There are two common approaches to obtaining LAI:(i)terrestrial forest inventory-based“bottom-up”,and(ii)satellite-based“top-down”techniques.The purpose of this study is to compare terrestrial LAI from allometric functions applied to more than 30,000 trees of the Austrian National Forest Inventory(NFI)vs.satellite-based LAI estimates obtained from moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer(MODIS)and Sentinel(Sentinel-3 TOC reflectance and PROBA-V)data across Austrian forests.We analyzed a satellite pixelto-plot aggregation and obtained the full inventory data set for the LAI comparison.The results suggest that terrestrial vs.satellite(MODIS and Sentinel)driven LAI estimates are consistent,but(i)the variation of the terrestrial forest inventory LAI is larger vs.the pixel average LAI from satellite data,and(ii)any satellite LAI estimation needs a forest stand density correction if the crown competition factor(CCF),a measure for stand density,is<250 to avoid an overestimation in LAI.展开更多
Jovani et al’s study contributes important evidence linking childhood trauma(CT)and parental socialization with at-risk mental state(ARMS)in non-clinical adolescents,demonstrating the mediating role of low levels of ...Jovani et al’s study contributes important evidence linking childhood trauma(CT)and parental socialization with at-risk mental state(ARMS)in non-clinical adolescents,demonstrating the mediating role of low levels of parental affection and communication in this relationship.This letter commends the study’s strengths while also identifying key issues that warrant further attention,including the limitations of cross-sectional design,potential perceptual biases,conceptual overlap between CT and parenting,and limited cultural generalizability.We advocate for longitudinal,culturally sensitive,and multi-informant approaches to further refine ARMS risk models,strengthen theoretical distinctions between CT and parenting,and inform targeted prevention strategies across diverse populations.We also extend the discussion by highlighting promising directions for future research.展开更多
The Religious Moderation concept in Indonesia is based on written scripts that have been rolling since 2019,this issue is one of the themes promoted by the Ministry of Religion,which is based on the plural and cultura...The Religious Moderation concept in Indonesia is based on written scripts that have been rolling since 2019,this issue is one of the themes promoted by the Ministry of Religion,which is based on the plural and cultural reality of the people of this country.The Wahid Institute informed that 54 percent of cases of intolerance occurred during 2020.This condition can have a positive potential if it is managed properly,on the other hand,it can become a dangerous boomerang if strategic policies do not accompany it.Because it can give rise to radical ideas,which later become an acute disease in society.Intolerance,racism,and other bad behavior are very easy to spread and very easy to follow,someone can even do it without realizing it.In this context,spiritual communication is needed as a policy strategy,to provide mutual understanding to all level of society.Qualitative-descriptive method is used in this research,with literature study,virtual observation and interviews with some informants from Cirebon.The study’s findings indicated that religious moderation was implemented using four approaches,namely the linguistic approach,the sociocultural approach,the historical approach,and the traditional approach.展开更多
Urban vegetation plays a crucial role in regulating temperatures and heat waves in urban areas.However,the influence of vegetation coverage and its configuration on surface temperatures in different climate zones at a...Urban vegetation plays a crucial role in regulating temperatures and heat waves in urban areas.However,the influence of vegetation coverage and its configuration on surface temperatures in different climate zones at a national scale is unclear.To address this,we utilized high-resolution data to detect spatial patterns for 31 provincial capital cities in China.We integrated day and night surface temperatures to determine the influence of vegetative coverage and configuration on urban temperatures across different climate zones and city sizes.Our study revealed that a subtropical monsoon climate and medium-sized cities had the highest vegetative coverage and shape complexity.The best connectivity and agglomeration of vegetation were found in a temperate monsoon climate and large cities.In contrast,small cities,especially those under a temperate continental climate,had low vegetation coverage,high fragmentation,and weak agglomeration and connectivity.In addition,vegetative coverage had a negative impact on daytime surface temperatures,especially in large cities in a subtropical monsoon climate.However,an increase in vegetation coverage could result in warming at night in small cities in temperate continental climates.Although urban vegetation configuration also contributed to moderating surface temperatures,especially at night,they did not surpass the influence of vegetation coverage.The effect on nighttime temperatures of the configuration of vegetation increased by 3–6%relative to that of daytime temperatures,especially in large cities in a temperate monsoon climate.The contribution vegetation coverage and configuration interaction to cooling efficiency decreased at night,especially in medium-sized cities in a temperate continental climate by 3–5%.In addition,this study identified several moderating effects of natural and social factors on the relationship between urban vegetation coverage and surface temperatures.High duration of sunshine,low humidity and high wind speed significantly enhanced the negative impact of vegetation coverage on surface temperatures.In addition,the moderating effect of vegetation coverage was more pronounced in low population density cities and high gross domestic product.This study enhances understanding of the ecological functions of urban vegetation and provides a valuable scientific basis and strategic recommendations for optimizing urban vegetation and improving urban environmental quality.展开更多
Objective:To explore the application of moderate and hypothermia control in patients undergoing cerebral hemangioma surgery.By adjusting the precise body temperature of the patients and controlling the changes,the int...Objective:To explore the application of moderate and hypothermia control in patients undergoing cerebral hemangioma surgery.By adjusting the precise body temperature of the patients and controlling the changes,the intraoperative and postoperative risks can be reduced,thereby better promoting postoperative recovery.Methods:Thirty patients undergoing cerebral hemangioma surgery were randomly selected as the subjects.All the patients were inpatients in the neurology department between May 2023 and May 2024.The control group received traditional routine nursing management.For the patients in the experimental group,in addition to traditional nursing management,there was also moderate and hypothermia intervention.The body temperature was monitored at three points:the tympanic membrane,esophagus,and rectum.The body temperature was effectively monitored to make it fluctuate within a relatively ideal range.The postoperative recovery was paid attention to and monitored.Key monitoring will be conducted on the intraoperative body temperature changes,hemodynamic indicators of the patients,as well as the postoperative awakening time and neurological function recovery indicators of the patients.Results:Compared with the control group,the patients in the experimental group with moderate to low body temperature had relatively gentle body temperature curves and little fluctuation in body temperature.In terms of hemodynamics,patients in the experimental group were more stable than those in the control group.Meanwhile,they recovered faster after the operation,the time required for patients to regain consciousness was shortened,and the incidence of postoperative complications was lower,especially infection,cerebral edema,and electrolyte abnormalities were more prominent.The comfort level and satisfaction of patients were relatively higher compared with those in the control group.Therefore,it can play a very good promoting role for the patient in the postoperative recovery.Conclusion:The application of moderate and low body temperature in cerebral hemangioma surgery can better stabilize the patient’s condition,reduce the occurrence of complications,and is conducive to the recovery of the patient’s neurological function.This method has changed the deficiency of body temperature management in traditional nursing and created a more ideal surgical environment for patients.展开更多
We study the Cauchy problem of the fractional Kramers-Fokker-Planck equation with moderate soft potential and show that the solution to the Cauchy problem enjoys an analytic Gelfand-Shilov regularizing effect for posi...We study the Cauchy problem of the fractional Kramers-Fokker-Planck equation with moderate soft potential and show that the solution to the Cauchy problem enjoys an analytic Gelfand-Shilov regularizing effect for positive time.展开更多
In this paper, we use sample average approximation with adaptive multiple importance sampling to explore moderate deviations for the optimal values. Utilizing the moderate deviation principle for martingale difference...In this paper, we use sample average approximation with adaptive multiple importance sampling to explore moderate deviations for the optimal values. Utilizing the moderate deviation principle for martingale differences and an appropriate Delta method, we establish a moderate deviation principle for the optimal value. Moreover, for a functional form of stochastic programming, we obtain a functional moderate deviation principle for its optimal value.展开更多
Lead-free halide perovskites provide a promising solution for efficient thermoelectric materials due to their ultralow lattice thermal conductivity(κ_(L)).However,disadvantages such as the electrically resistive natu...Lead-free halide perovskites provide a promising solution for efficient thermoelectric materials due to their ultralow lattice thermal conductivity(κ_(L)).However,disadvantages such as the electrically resistive nature strongly affect their power factor.In this work,we introduced the Te-based halide perovskites thermoelectric material Cs_(2)TeI_(6),which is already known as a promising candidate for photovoltaic applications due to its moderate band gap.Our findings reveal that Cs_(2)TeI_(6)has an exceptionally ultralow κ_(L)at room temperature,reaching as low as 0.17 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1).We found that the four-phonon scattering processes play a dominant role in suppressing the thermal transport,leading to an approximate 50% reduction in its particle-like thermal conductivity κ_(p) at 300 K.The ultralow κ_(L)can be mainly attributed to the strong discrepancy in bonding strength,which induces large anharmonicity.The flat and dense phonon dispersions result in a strong phonon scattering rate,making it easy to generate wavelike phonon tunneling.After accounting for the wavelike thermal conductivity κ_(c),a nonstandard T^(-0.30)temperature dependence was observed.Benefiting from the ultralow κ_(L),n-type Cs_(2)TeI_(6)is predicted to achieve an extraordinary ZT of 2.26 at 700 K.This work highlights a pathway for searching high-performance and low-cost thermoelectrics based on lead-free halide perovskites.展开更多
Blindness affected 45 million people globally in 2021,and moderate to severe vision loss a further 295 million.[1]The most common causes,cataract and uncorrected refractive error,are generally the easiest to treat,and...Blindness affected 45 million people globally in 2021,and moderate to severe vision loss a further 295 million.[1]The most common causes,cataract and uncorrected refractive error,are generally the easiest to treat,and are among the most cost-effective procedures in all of medicine and international development.[1-2]Thus,vision impairment is both extremely common and,in principle,readily manageable.展开更多
基金Supported by Intensification of the Research Activity Grant from the Health Department of the Generalitat de Catalunya,No.SLT006/17/00012 to Labad J.
文摘Delusional disorder(DD)has been traditionally considered a relatively rare and treatment-resistant psychotic disorder.In the last decade,increasing attention has focused on therapeutic outcomes of individuals affected by this disorder.The aim of this paper is to provide a synthesis of the literature addressing two very important questions arising from DD research:(1)For which patients with DD do antipsychotic medications work best(the moderators of response);and(2)What variables best explain the relationship between such treatments and their effectiveness(the mediators of response).We searched PubMed and Google Scholar databases for English,German,French and Spanish language papers published since 2000.We also included a few classic earlier papers addressing this topic.Variables potentially moderating antipsychotic response in DD are gender,reproductive status,age,duration of illness,the presence of comorbidity(especially psychiatric comorbidity)and its treatment,brain structure,and genetics of neurochemical receptors and drug metabolizing enzymes.Antipsychotic and hormonal blood levels during treatment,as well as functional brain changes,are potential mediating variables.Some,but not all,patients with DD benefit from antipsychotic treatment.Understanding the circumstances under which treatment works best can serve to guide optimal management.
文摘Calculation of moderator analogues for 14 MeV neutrons as source were made at a IBM/PC AT computer using TAMAKER-ANISN program and 46 groups (25 neutron groups, 21 photon groups) UW cross section data. The intensifying effect of lead and natural uranium for moderating 14 MeV neutrons is confirmed. Adopting proper structure of the moderator, the intensifying factor M (times) may be larger than 3. Using lead and natural uranium in sub-critical assemblies (or call boosters),with 14 MeV neutrons as source, with the same dimension as that of above, the intensifying effect is also condrmed. With a proper structure of sub-critical assembly,the intensifying factor M may be close to or eved larger than (1 - k)-1 where k isthe effective multiplication factor.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11671145)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Grant No.18dz2271000).
文摘In this paper,large deviations principle(LDP)and moderate deviations principle(MDP)of record numbers in random walks are studied under certain conditions.The results show that the rate functions of LDP and MDP are different from those of weak record numbers,which are interesting complements of the conclusions by Li and Yao[1].
文摘This article comprehensively reviews research progress in prostate cancer radiation therapy.It provides an overview of fundamental principles,encompassing the disease’s epidemiology,pathological mechanisms,and radiation sensitivity,alongside technological advancements.The clinical application,technological progress,and efficacy evaluation of moderate hypofractionated radiation therapy and ultra hypofractionated radiation therapy are discussed.Diagnostic and monitoring techniques specific to radiation therapy are analyzed,alongside prevailing controversies and challenges.Finally,the review outlines future prospects,including novel radiotherapy techniques,multidisciplinary collaboration trends,and the evolving role of radiation within comprehensive treatment.The findings demonstrate continuous technological and clinical evolution in prostate cancer radiotherapy,yet emphasize the need for further exploration to optimize treatments and improve patient survival and quality of life.
基金supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre and NIHR Applied Research Collaboration East Midlands (ARC EM, (IS-BRC-1215-20010))funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre (IS-BRC-1215-20011)supported by a UKRI research grant (EP/X042464/1)。
文摘Background Higher accelerometer-assessed volume and intensity of physical activity(PA)have been associated with a longer life expectancy but can be difficult to translate into recommended doses of PA.We aimed to:(a)improve interpretability by producing UK Biobank age-referenced centiles for PA volume and intensity;(b)inform public-health messaging by examining how adding recommended quantities of moderate and vigorous PA affect PA volume and intensity.Methods 92,480 UK Biobank participants aged 43-80 years with wrist-worn accelerometer data were included.Average acceleration and intensity gradient were derived as proxies for PA volume and intensity.We generated sex-specific centile curves using Generalized Additive Models for Location Scale and Shape(GAMLSS)and modeled the effect of adding moderate(walking)or vigorous(running)activity on the combined change in the volume and intensity centiles(change in PA profile).Results In men,volume was lower as age increased while intensity was lower after age 55;in women,both volume and intensity were lower as age increased.Adding 150 min of moderate PA weekly(5×30 min walking)increased the PA profile by 4 percentage points.Defining moderate PA as brisk walking approximately doubled the increase(9 percentage points)while 75 min of vigorous PA weekly(5×15 min running)trebled the increase(13 percentage points).Conclusion These UK Biobank reference centiles provide a benchmark for interpretation of accelerometer data.Application of our translational methods demonstrate that meeting PA guidelines through shorter duration vigorous activity is more beneficial to the PA profile(volume and intensity)than longer duration moderate activity.
文摘On March 14,2025,the Centre for China and Globalisation(CCG)held its first VIP Luncheon of the year at the Beijing International Club.The event was moderated by CCG President Wang Huiyao and brought together over 50 Chinese and international vips,including ambassadors from 17 countries,senior diplomats from 8 countries,as well as representatives from international organisations and chambers of commerce,corporate executives,and prominent media professionals.
文摘This study investigates the impact of investor protection on corporate R&D investment using panel data from Chinese A-share listed companies spanning 2015 to 2022.By employing OLS regression,mediation,and moderation analyses,the results demonstrate that robust investor protection mechanisms significantly enhance corporate R&D expenditures.The mediation analysis reveals that investor protection alleviates financing constraints and improves information disclosure quality,both of which serve as key channels for fostering R&D investment.Furthermore,internal control systems and media attention are identified as positive moderators,amplifying the beneficial effects of investor protection on R&D.In contrast,the equity Herfindahl index(HHI)does not exhibit a significant moderating role.The study also highlights that financial leverage,profitability,and equity concentration negatively influence R&D,while revenue growth exerts a positive effect.These findings underscore the critical role of investor protection in driving corporate innovation and sustainable growth,offering valuable insights for policymakers and corporate managers aiming to optimize R&D strategies through improved governance frameworks.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant No.42171281,72442020]the Shaanxi Provincial Social Science Fund Project[Grant No.2024ES04]Shaanxi Province Postdoctoral Science Foundation[Grant No.2024BSHSDZZ013].
文摘Tourism-oriented livelihoods represent a significant avenue for transforming traditional agricultural practices.Analyzing their environmental impacts offers a novel perspective for exploring the complex interplay among human production,consumption,and the ecological environment at a micro level.In this study,Shaanxi Province farmers were selected as field survey participants.Based on a quantitative assessment of farmers’ecological footprints within the study area,how their participation in rural tourism affected ecological footprints was analyzed using the propensity score matching model,and the heterogeneity of the impact and underlying mechanisms were further explored.Results indicate that the ecological footprint of farmers varies significantly across land-use types and consumption categories.Moreover,the spatial distribution of the ecological footprints exhibits a distinct“high at both ends and low in the middle”pattern.Participation in rural tourism significantly reduces the ecological footprint,particularly among farmers with higher levels of social trust or lower economic status.Further analysis shows that habitat quality and vegetation coverage are key ecological indicators that exert a significant positive moderating effect on the negative impact of rural tourism participation on farmers’ecological footprints.These findings highlight the importance of integrating ecological conservation with economic development.Accordingly,tailored policies,improved ecological service systems,and enhanced regional ecological quality are recommended to increase resource-use efficiency and promote a virtuous cycle between environmental sustainability and rural economic growth.
基金Jiangsu Province Social Development Project,No.BE2022735Jiangsu Innovative and Entrepreneurial Talent Programme,No.JSSCBS20211584+1 种基金Suzhou Clinical Key Disciplines for Geriatric Psychiatry,No.SZXK202116Suzhou Science and Technology Program Projects,No.SKY2023075,No.SYWD2024037 and No.MSXM2024032.
文摘BACKGROUND Adolescence is a period marked by physiological and psychological imbalances,which pose an increased risk for adolescents with major depressive disorder(MDD)to commit non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI).AIM To investigate the moderating role of social support utilization in depression and NSSI among adolescents with MDD.METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled 314 adolescents with MDD(258 with NSSI,56 without)from a Chinese tertiary psychiatric hospital(2021-2023).Participants completed validated scales,including the self-esteem scale,the Barratt impulsiveness scale,the self-rating depression scale,and the teenager social support rating scale.Logistic regression and hierarchical regression analyses were used to examine predictors of NSSI and the moderating effect of social support utilization.RESULTS Results showed that the NSSI group had higher depression levels,lower selfesteem,and greater impulsivity.While overall social support was higher in the NSSI group,social support utilization significantly moderated the depression-NSSI relationship.Specifically,higher utilization levels weakened the association between depression and NSSI(β=-0.001,P<0.05).CONCLUSION These findings suggest that effective utilization of social support,rather than its mere presence,is crucial in reducing NSSI risk among depressed adolescents.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.1177117812171198)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Development Program of Jilin Province(Grant No.20210101467JC)the Technology Program of Jilin Educational Department During the“14th Five-Year”Plan Period(Grant No.JJKH20241239KJ)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Let M_(n,p)=(X_(i,k))_(n×p)be an n×p random matrix whose p columns X^((1)),...,X^((p))are an n-dimensional i.i.d.random sample of size p from 1-dependent Gaussian populations.Instead of investigating the special case where p and n are comparable,we consider a much more general case in which log n=o(p^(1/3)).We prove that the maximum interpoint distance Mn=max{|X_(i)-X_(j)|;1≤i<j≤n}converges to an extreme-value distribution,where X_(i)and X_(j)denote the i-th and j-th row of M_(n,p),respectively.The proofs are completed by using the Chen-Stein Poisson approximation method and the moderation deviation principle.
基金supported by a special grant from the Taishan Scholars Project(Project No.tsqn202211130).
文摘Background:Despite growing research on parental technology use and its impacts on adolescent development,the influence of parental smartphone behavior on creativity remains understudied.This study addresses this gap by examining how parental phubbing affects adolescent creativity,exploring both direct and indirect pathways through creative self-efficacy as a mediator and problematic smartphone use(PSU)as a moderator.Methods:A total of 9111 Chinese vocational school adolescents(60.3%male;mean age=16.88 years)were recruited via convenience sampling.Participants completed validated self-report questionnaires assessing creativity,parental phubbing,creative self-efficacy,and PSU.A moderated mediation model was tested using jamovi with bootstrapping procedures(2000 resamples),controlling for gender,age,sibling status,and school type.Results:Creative self-efficacy significantly mediated the relationship between parental phubbing and adolescent creativity(indirect effect=0.061,95%CI[0.013,0.109]),while the direct effect was non-significant.PSU moderated both pathways,revealing contrasting patterns:for adolescents with high PSU,parental phubbing showed positive associations with creative self-efficacy and creativity,whereas among those with low PSU,parental phubbing demonstrated negative associations with both outcomes.Conclusion:This study reveals the complex influence of parental phubbing on adolescent creativity,with effects contingent upon adolescents’own digital engagement patterns.It emphasizes the need to balance guidance and autonomy in fostering creativity.While not endorsing phubbing,the findings challenge simplistic views of technology’s impact and stress the importance of individual differences.The results offer valuable insights for parents,educators,and policymakers supporting youth development in today’s digital family environments.
基金part of the Areas of Forest Innovation Climate Smart Forestry(Project No.101726),Work Package Modeling,funded by the Austrian Ministry of Agriculture,Forestry,Regions,and Water Management.
文摘Leaf area index(LAI)is a key measure of forest stand physiology and biomass production,and is essential within ecosystem modeling.There are two common approaches to obtaining LAI:(i)terrestrial forest inventory-based“bottom-up”,and(ii)satellite-based“top-down”techniques.The purpose of this study is to compare terrestrial LAI from allometric functions applied to more than 30,000 trees of the Austrian National Forest Inventory(NFI)vs.satellite-based LAI estimates obtained from moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer(MODIS)and Sentinel(Sentinel-3 TOC reflectance and PROBA-V)data across Austrian forests.We analyzed a satellite pixelto-plot aggregation and obtained the full inventory data set for the LAI comparison.The results suggest that terrestrial vs.satellite(MODIS and Sentinel)driven LAI estimates are consistent,but(i)the variation of the terrestrial forest inventory LAI is larger vs.the pixel average LAI from satellite data,and(ii)any satellite LAI estimation needs a forest stand density correction if the crown competition factor(CCF),a measure for stand density,is<250 to avoid an overestimation in LAI.
文摘Jovani et al’s study contributes important evidence linking childhood trauma(CT)and parental socialization with at-risk mental state(ARMS)in non-clinical adolescents,demonstrating the mediating role of low levels of parental affection and communication in this relationship.This letter commends the study’s strengths while also identifying key issues that warrant further attention,including the limitations of cross-sectional design,potential perceptual biases,conceptual overlap between CT and parenting,and limited cultural generalizability.We advocate for longitudinal,culturally sensitive,and multi-informant approaches to further refine ARMS risk models,strengthen theoretical distinctions between CT and parenting,and inform targeted prevention strategies across diverse populations.We also extend the discussion by highlighting promising directions for future research.
文摘The Religious Moderation concept in Indonesia is based on written scripts that have been rolling since 2019,this issue is one of the themes promoted by the Ministry of Religion,which is based on the plural and cultural reality of the people of this country.The Wahid Institute informed that 54 percent of cases of intolerance occurred during 2020.This condition can have a positive potential if it is managed properly,on the other hand,it can become a dangerous boomerang if strategic policies do not accompany it.Because it can give rise to radical ideas,which later become an acute disease in society.Intolerance,racism,and other bad behavior are very easy to spread and very easy to follow,someone can even do it without realizing it.In this context,spiritual communication is needed as a policy strategy,to provide mutual understanding to all level of society.Qualitative-descriptive method is used in this research,with literature study,virtual observation and interviews with some informants from Cirebon.The study’s findings indicated that religious moderation was implemented using four approaches,namely the linguistic approach,the sociocultural approach,the historical approach,and the traditional approach.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42171109,32130068)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2020237)National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFF1304604).
文摘Urban vegetation plays a crucial role in regulating temperatures and heat waves in urban areas.However,the influence of vegetation coverage and its configuration on surface temperatures in different climate zones at a national scale is unclear.To address this,we utilized high-resolution data to detect spatial patterns for 31 provincial capital cities in China.We integrated day and night surface temperatures to determine the influence of vegetative coverage and configuration on urban temperatures across different climate zones and city sizes.Our study revealed that a subtropical monsoon climate and medium-sized cities had the highest vegetative coverage and shape complexity.The best connectivity and agglomeration of vegetation were found in a temperate monsoon climate and large cities.In contrast,small cities,especially those under a temperate continental climate,had low vegetation coverage,high fragmentation,and weak agglomeration and connectivity.In addition,vegetative coverage had a negative impact on daytime surface temperatures,especially in large cities in a subtropical monsoon climate.However,an increase in vegetation coverage could result in warming at night in small cities in temperate continental climates.Although urban vegetation configuration also contributed to moderating surface temperatures,especially at night,they did not surpass the influence of vegetation coverage.The effect on nighttime temperatures of the configuration of vegetation increased by 3–6%relative to that of daytime temperatures,especially in large cities in a temperate monsoon climate.The contribution vegetation coverage and configuration interaction to cooling efficiency decreased at night,especially in medium-sized cities in a temperate continental climate by 3–5%.In addition,this study identified several moderating effects of natural and social factors on the relationship between urban vegetation coverage and surface temperatures.High duration of sunshine,low humidity and high wind speed significantly enhanced the negative impact of vegetation coverage on surface temperatures.In addition,the moderating effect of vegetation coverage was more pronounced in low population density cities and high gross domestic product.This study enhances understanding of the ecological functions of urban vegetation and provides a valuable scientific basis and strategic recommendations for optimizing urban vegetation and improving urban environmental quality.
文摘Objective:To explore the application of moderate and hypothermia control in patients undergoing cerebral hemangioma surgery.By adjusting the precise body temperature of the patients and controlling the changes,the intraoperative and postoperative risks can be reduced,thereby better promoting postoperative recovery.Methods:Thirty patients undergoing cerebral hemangioma surgery were randomly selected as the subjects.All the patients were inpatients in the neurology department between May 2023 and May 2024.The control group received traditional routine nursing management.For the patients in the experimental group,in addition to traditional nursing management,there was also moderate and hypothermia intervention.The body temperature was monitored at three points:the tympanic membrane,esophagus,and rectum.The body temperature was effectively monitored to make it fluctuate within a relatively ideal range.The postoperative recovery was paid attention to and monitored.Key monitoring will be conducted on the intraoperative body temperature changes,hemodynamic indicators of the patients,as well as the postoperative awakening time and neurological function recovery indicators of the patients.Results:Compared with the control group,the patients in the experimental group with moderate to low body temperature had relatively gentle body temperature curves and little fluctuation in body temperature.In terms of hemodynamics,patients in the experimental group were more stable than those in the control group.Meanwhile,they recovered faster after the operation,the time required for patients to regain consciousness was shortened,and the incidence of postoperative complications was lower,especially infection,cerebral edema,and electrolyte abnormalities were more prominent.The comfort level and satisfaction of patients were relatively higher compared with those in the control group.Therefore,it can play a very good promoting role for the patient in the postoperative recovery.Conclusion:The application of moderate and low body temperature in cerebral hemangioma surgery can better stabilize the patient’s condition,reduce the occurrence of complications,and is conducive to the recovery of the patient’s neurological function.This method has changed the deficiency of body temperature management in traditional nursing and created a more ideal surgical environment for patients.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.12031006)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China。
文摘We study the Cauchy problem of the fractional Kramers-Fokker-Planck equation with moderate soft potential and show that the solution to the Cauchy problem enjoys an analytic Gelfand-Shilov regularizing effect for positive time.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12071175)。
文摘In this paper, we use sample average approximation with adaptive multiple importance sampling to explore moderate deviations for the optimal values. Utilizing the moderate deviation principle for martingale differences and an appropriate Delta method, we establish a moderate deviation principle for the optimal value. Moreover, for a functional form of stochastic programming, we obtain a functional moderate deviation principle for its optimal value.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12204482 and U2330104)the Scientific and Technological Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi(Grant No.2020L0537)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(Grant No.202403021221164)Higher Education Teaching Reform and Innovation Project of Shanxi Province(Grant No.J20220480)Graduate Curriculum Ideological and Political Education Project of Shanxi Normal University(Grant No.010520233013)。
文摘Lead-free halide perovskites provide a promising solution for efficient thermoelectric materials due to their ultralow lattice thermal conductivity(κ_(L)).However,disadvantages such as the electrically resistive nature strongly affect their power factor.In this work,we introduced the Te-based halide perovskites thermoelectric material Cs_(2)TeI_(6),which is already known as a promising candidate for photovoltaic applications due to its moderate band gap.Our findings reveal that Cs_(2)TeI_(6)has an exceptionally ultralow κ_(L)at room temperature,reaching as low as 0.17 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1).We found that the four-phonon scattering processes play a dominant role in suppressing the thermal transport,leading to an approximate 50% reduction in its particle-like thermal conductivity κ_(p) at 300 K.The ultralow κ_(L)can be mainly attributed to the strong discrepancy in bonding strength,which induces large anharmonicity.The flat and dense phonon dispersions result in a strong phonon scattering rate,making it easy to generate wavelike phonon tunneling.After accounting for the wavelike thermal conductivity κ_(c),a nonstandard T^(-0.30)temperature dependence was observed.Benefiting from the ultralow κ_(L),n-type Cs_(2)TeI_(6)is predicted to achieve an extraordinary ZT of 2.26 at 700 K.This work highlights a pathway for searching high-performance and low-cost thermoelectrics based on lead-free halide perovskites.
文摘Blindness affected 45 million people globally in 2021,and moderate to severe vision loss a further 295 million.[1]The most common causes,cataract and uncorrected refractive error,are generally the easiest to treat,and are among the most cost-effective procedures in all of medicine and international development.[1-2]Thus,vision impairment is both extremely common and,in principle,readily manageable.
