Generally speaking, the quark propagator is dependent on the quark chemical potential in the dense quantum chromodynamics （QCD）. By means of the generating functional method, we prove that the quark propagator actua...Generally speaking, the quark propagator is dependent on the quark chemical potential in the dense quantum chromodynamics （QCD）. By means of the generating functional method, we prove that the quark propagator actually depends on p4 ＋ iμ from the first principle of QCD. The relation between quark number density and quark condensate is discussed by analyzing their singularities. It is concluded that the quark number density has some singularities at certain # when T = 0, and the variations of the quark number density as well as the quark condensate are located at the same point. In other words, at a certain # the quark number density turns to nonzero, while the quark condensate begins to decrease from its vacuum value.展开更多
We perform the updated constraints on the Hubble constant H_0 by using the model-independent method, Gaussian processes.Utilizing the latest 30 cosmic chronometer measurements, we obtain H_0= 67.38 ± 4.72 km s^(-...We perform the updated constraints on the Hubble constant H_0 by using the model-independent method, Gaussian processes.Utilizing the latest 30 cosmic chronometer measurements, we obtain H_0= 67.38 ± 4.72 km s^(-1)Mpc^(-1), which is consistent with the Planck 2015 and Riess et al. analysis at 1σ confidence level. Different from the results of Busti et al. by only using 19 H(z) measurements, our reconstruction results of H(z) and the derived values of H_0 are insensitive to the concrete choice of covariance functions of Matern family.展开更多
In one of our previous papers,we provided general,effective Higgs interactions for the lightest Higgs boson h（SM-like） and a heavier neutral Higgs boson H based on the effective Lagrangian formulation up to the dim-...In one of our previous papers,we provided general,effective Higgs interactions for the lightest Higgs boson h（SM-like） and a heavier neutral Higgs boson H based on the effective Lagrangian formulation up to the dim-6 interactions,and then proposed two sensitive processes for probing H.We showed in several examples that the resonance peak of H and its dim-6 effective coupling constants（ECC） can be detected at LHC Run 2 with reasonable integrated luminosity.In this paper,we further perform a more thorough study of the most sensitive process,pp →VH^＊→VVV,providing information about the relations between the 1σ,3σ,5σ statistical significance and the corresponding ranges of the Higgs ECC for an integrated luminosity of 100 fb^-1.These results have two useful applications in LHC Run 2：（A） realizing the experimental determination of the ECC in the dim-6 interactions if H is found and,（B） obtaining the theoretical exclusion bounds if H is not found.Some alternative processes sensitive for certain ranges of the ECC are also analyzed.展开更多
In the present study, we aimed to determine the quality of different brands(Test1–Test6) of mefenamic acid, which are commercially available in local market of Karachi, Pakistan. Various quality evaluation tests, inc...In the present study, we aimed to determine the quality of different brands(Test1–Test6) of mefenamic acid, which are commercially available in local market of Karachi, Pakistan. Various quality evaluation tests, including weight variation, hardness, thickness, friability, disintegration, assay and drug release, were carried out. Results were found to be in acceptable limits. Moreover, release profiles were compared using different dissolution media, such as phosphate buffer pH 6.8, 7.4 and biorelevant media(FaSSGF, FaSSIF, FeSSIF and SCoF). Release profiles at pH 6.8 and 7.4 were evaluated by one--way ANOVA, model-independent and model--dependent methods. Results of ANOVA showed that no significant difference was found among tester and reference brands(Test1–Test6). Similarly, all the brands were found to be best fitted with Weibull model.展开更多
The present paper uses the model-dependent and the modeL independent approach to measure the RMB exchange market pressure （EMP） and the central bank＇s intervention using monthly data from January 1999 to June 2008....The present paper uses the model-dependent and the modeL independent approach to measure the RMB exchange market pressure （EMP） and the central bank＇s intervention using monthly data from January 1999 to June 2008. It is determined that the RMB has been under great appreciation pressure over the past decade. However, the pressure has been weakening since 2005. The two approaches provide significantly different results in terms of the estimated RMB EMP indices and the estimated central bank＇s interventions. The differences may lead to different predietions of potential currency crises. According to the estimation of the RMB EMP, and based on the model-independent approach, the paper shows that China has been under threat of an appreciation currency crisis since 2008. Therefore, China should adopt a moreflexible exchange rate regime to prevent a potential crisis.展开更多
The cosmic curvature Ω_(K,0),which determines the spatial geometry of the universe,is an important parameter in modern cosmology.Any deviation from Ω_(K,0)=0 would have a profound impact on the primordial inflation ...The cosmic curvature Ω_(K,0),which determines the spatial geometry of the universe,is an important parameter in modern cosmology.Any deviation from Ω_(K,0)=0 would have a profound impact on the primordial inflation paradigm and fundamental physics.In this work,we adopt a cosmological model-independent method to test whether Ω_(K,0) deviates from zero.We use the Gaussian process to reconstruct the reduced Hubble parameter E(z)and the derivative of the distance D'(z)from observational data and then determine Ω_(K,0) with a null test relation.The cosmic chronometer(CC)Hubble data,baryon acoustic oscillation(BAO)Hubble data,and supernovae Pantheon sample are considered.Our result is consistent with a spatially flat universe within the domain of reconstruction 0<z<2.3,at the 1σ confidence level.In the redshift interval 0<z<1,the result favors a flat universe,while at z>1,it tends to favor a closed universe.In this sense,there is still a possibility for a closed universe.We also carry out the null test of the cosmic curvature at 0<z<4.5 using the simulated gravitational wave standard sirens,CC+BAO,and redshift drift Hubble data.The result indicates that in the future,with the synergy of multiple highquality observations,we can tightly constrain the spatial geometry or exclude the flat universe.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 11275097,11475085,11105122,and 11535005the Jiangsu Planned Projects for Postdoctoral Research Funds under Grant No 1402006C
文摘Generally speaking, the quark propagator is dependent on the quark chemical potential in the dense quantum chromodynamics （QCD）. By means of the generating functional method, we prove that the quark propagator actually depends on p4 ＋ iμ from the first principle of QCD. The relation between quark number density and quark condensate is discussed by analyzing their singularities. It is concluded that the quark number density has some singularities at certain # when T = 0, and the variations of the quark number density as well as the quark condensate are located at the same point. In other words, at a certain # the quark number density turns to nonzero, while the quark condensate begins to decrease from its vacuum value.
文摘We perform the updated constraints on the Hubble constant H_0 by using the model-independent method, Gaussian processes.Utilizing the latest 30 cosmic chronometer measurements, we obtain H_0= 67.38 ± 4.72 km s^(-1)Mpc^(-1), which is consistent with the Planck 2015 and Riess et al. analysis at 1σ confidence level. Different from the results of Busti et al. by only using 19 H(z) measurements, our reconstruction results of H(z) and the derived values of H_0 are insensitive to the concrete choice of covariance functions of Matern family.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(11135003 and 11275102)
文摘In one of our previous papers,we provided general,effective Higgs interactions for the lightest Higgs boson h（SM-like） and a heavier neutral Higgs boson H based on the effective Lagrangian formulation up to the dim-6 interactions,and then proposed two sensitive processes for probing H.We showed in several examples that the resonance peak of H and its dim-6 effective coupling constants（ECC） can be detected at LHC Run 2 with reasonable integrated luminosity.In this paper,we further perform a more thorough study of the most sensitive process,pp →VH^＊→VVV,providing information about the relations between the 1σ,3σ,5σ statistical significance and the corresponding ranges of the Higgs ECC for an integrated luminosity of 100 fb^-1.These results have two useful applications in LHC Run 2：（A） realizing the experimental determination of the ECC in the dim-6 interactions if H is found and,（B） obtaining the theoretical exclusion bounds if H is not found.Some alternative processes sensitive for certain ranges of the ECC are also analyzed.
文摘In the present study, we aimed to determine the quality of different brands(Test1–Test6) of mefenamic acid, which are commercially available in local market of Karachi, Pakistan. Various quality evaluation tests, including weight variation, hardness, thickness, friability, disintegration, assay and drug release, were carried out. Results were found to be in acceptable limits. Moreover, release profiles were compared using different dissolution media, such as phosphate buffer pH 6.8, 7.4 and biorelevant media(FaSSGF, FaSSIF, FeSSIF and SCoF). Release profiles at pH 6.8 and 7.4 were evaluated by one--way ANOVA, model-independent and model--dependent methods. Results of ANOVA showed that no significant difference was found among tester and reference brands(Test1–Test6). Similarly, all the brands were found to be best fitted with Weibull model.
文摘The present paper uses the model-dependent and the modeL independent approach to measure the RMB exchange market pressure （EMP） and the central bank＇s intervention using monthly data from January 1999 to June 2008. It is determined that the RMB has been under great appreciation pressure over the past decade. However, the pressure has been weakening since 2005. The two approaches provide significantly different results in terms of the estimated RMB EMP indices and the estimated central bank＇s interventions. The differences may lead to different predietions of potential currency crises. According to the estimation of the RMB EMP, and based on the model-independent approach, the paper shows that China has been under threat of an appreciation currency crisis since 2008. Therefore, China should adopt a moreflexible exchange rate regime to prevent a potential crisis.
基金Supported by the National SKA Program of China(2022SKA0110200,2022SKA0110203)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11975072,11835009,11875102)。
文摘The cosmic curvature Ω_(K,0),which determines the spatial geometry of the universe,is an important parameter in modern cosmology.Any deviation from Ω_(K,0)=0 would have a profound impact on the primordial inflation paradigm and fundamental physics.In this work,we adopt a cosmological model-independent method to test whether Ω_(K,0) deviates from zero.We use the Gaussian process to reconstruct the reduced Hubble parameter E(z)and the derivative of the distance D'(z)from observational data and then determine Ω_(K,0) with a null test relation.The cosmic chronometer(CC)Hubble data,baryon acoustic oscillation(BAO)Hubble data,and supernovae Pantheon sample are considered.Our result is consistent with a spatially flat universe within the domain of reconstruction 0<z<2.3,at the 1σ confidence level.In the redshift interval 0<z<1,the result favors a flat universe,while at z>1,it tends to favor a closed universe.In this sense,there is still a possibility for a closed universe.We also carry out the null test of the cosmic curvature at 0<z<4.5 using the simulated gravitational wave standard sirens,CC+BAO,and redshift drift Hubble data.The result indicates that in the future,with the synergy of multiple highquality observations,we can tightly constrain the spatial geometry or exclude the flat universe.
