By establishing the discrete iterative mapping model of a current mode controlled buck-boost converter, this paper studies the mechanism of mode shift and stability control of the buck-boost converter operating in dis...By establishing the discrete iterative mapping model of a current mode controlled buck-boost converter, this paper studies the mechanism of mode shift and stability control of the buck-boost converter operating in discontinuous conduction mode with a ramp compensation current. With the bifurcation diagrazn, Lyapunov exponent spectrum, time- domain waveform and parameter space map, the performance of the buck-boost converter circuit utilizing a compensating ramp current has been analysed. The obtained results indicate that the system trajectory is weakly chaotic and strongly intermittent under discontinuous conduction mode. By using ramp compensation, the buck-boost converter can shift from discontinuous conduction mode to continuous conduction mode, and effectively operates in the stable period-one region.展开更多
As per statistics,two-wheeler(TW)alone shares the highest number of vehicle registrations in India,which develops the various transportation-related issues such as traffic conflicts,congestions,and pollutions.Electric...As per statistics,two-wheeler(TW)alone shares the highest number of vehicle registrations in India,which develops the various transportation-related issues such as traffic conflicts,congestions,and pollutions.Electric two-wheelers(E-TW)are a better alternative to conventional two-wheelers because of their significant advantage in mitigating environmental impacts.But E-TWs are less attractive among road users due to unawareness of the benefits of E-TW.In addition,the traditional methods are less accurate in predicting users’mode choice behavior because of their limitations.Therefore,there is a need to conduct a study to understand the road user’s willingness to adopt E-TW and find a suitable method for predicting mode choice behavior accurately.This study analyzes the Indian road users encouraging and discouraging factors to adopt E-TW and investigates the application of non-traditional models for estimating mode shift behaviour towards E-TW.Based on the literature review and expert opinion,a detailed questionnaire form was framed,and a total of 522 samples were collected from four states of India.The data findings show that Indian road users prefer TW compared to public transport,private four-wheeler,paratransit,and non-motorized transport because of its easy to ride,low maintenance,fast and convenient travel nature.The environmental concern of reducing air pollution and lower vehicle operating costs are significant factors that encourage E-TW adoption.However,the non-availability of charging infrastructure,lower speed,higher initial purchase cost,and lack of awareness about EVs are the significant discouraging factors in adopting ETW in India.Further,Machine Learning(ML)methods were adopted to predict the mode shift behaviour from the fuel based TW to E-TW,and the results were compared with the Binary Logit(BL)method.The model results indicated that Support vector machine predicted the mode shift behavior with the highest accuracy rate compared with other methods such as Artificial Neural Network,K-Nearest Neighbor,Random Forest,and BL.The outcome of this study would help the transportation planner,EV manufacturers,researchers,and policymakers to understand the Indian user’s preference to adopt E-TW.展开更多
目的 探究标准化现状(situation,S)、背景(background,B)、评估(assessment,A)、建议(recommendation,R)交班模式对精神科患者交接班质量的影响。方法 选取2023年9月—2024年2月龙岩市第三医院精神科4个同质化病区的护士59名,根据病区...目的 探究标准化现状(situation,S)、背景(background,B)、评估(assessment,A)、建议(recommendation,R)交班模式对精神科患者交接班质量的影响。方法 选取2023年9月—2024年2月龙岩市第三医院精神科4个同质化病区的护士59名,根据病区分为试验组(精神一科、精神四科)和对照组(精神二科、精神六科),同期病区护士试验组30名,对照组29名。对照组采用常规交接班管理模式,试验组采用标准化SBAR交班模式管理。比较2组护士干预前、后的中文版护士交接班评估量表(nursing assessment of shift report,NASR)、中文版批判性思维能力倾向测试量表(critical thinking disposition inventory-Chinese version,CTDI-CV)、中文版患者床边交接班满意度问卷(patient views on nursing care with the implementation of bedside report,PVNC-BR)评分、护士临床能力考核表,记录2组交班时长及干预6个月后的总不良交接事件发生率。结果 干预后,试验组护士的交接班时长为(27.26±3.09)min,对照组为(34.53±4.72)min,试验组短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组护士干预后的NASR、CTDICV、PVNC-BR量表、护士临床能力考核表的各项得分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组干预后交接不良事件总发生率为10.00%,对照组为30.00%,试验组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 采用标准化SBAR交班模式管理有助于精神科护士提高交接班质量,确保临床护理安全。展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China (Grant Nos 50677056 and 60472059)
文摘By establishing the discrete iterative mapping model of a current mode controlled buck-boost converter, this paper studies the mechanism of mode shift and stability control of the buck-boost converter operating in discontinuous conduction mode with a ramp compensation current. With the bifurcation diagrazn, Lyapunov exponent spectrum, time- domain waveform and parameter space map, the performance of the buck-boost converter circuit utilizing a compensating ramp current has been analysed. The obtained results indicate that the system trajectory is weakly chaotic and strongly intermittent under discontinuous conduction mode. By using ramp compensation, the buck-boost converter can shift from discontinuous conduction mode to continuous conduction mode, and effectively operates in the stable period-one region.
文摘As per statistics,two-wheeler(TW)alone shares the highest number of vehicle registrations in India,which develops the various transportation-related issues such as traffic conflicts,congestions,and pollutions.Electric two-wheelers(E-TW)are a better alternative to conventional two-wheelers because of their significant advantage in mitigating environmental impacts.But E-TWs are less attractive among road users due to unawareness of the benefits of E-TW.In addition,the traditional methods are less accurate in predicting users’mode choice behavior because of their limitations.Therefore,there is a need to conduct a study to understand the road user’s willingness to adopt E-TW and find a suitable method for predicting mode choice behavior accurately.This study analyzes the Indian road users encouraging and discouraging factors to adopt E-TW and investigates the application of non-traditional models for estimating mode shift behaviour towards E-TW.Based on the literature review and expert opinion,a detailed questionnaire form was framed,and a total of 522 samples were collected from four states of India.The data findings show that Indian road users prefer TW compared to public transport,private four-wheeler,paratransit,and non-motorized transport because of its easy to ride,low maintenance,fast and convenient travel nature.The environmental concern of reducing air pollution and lower vehicle operating costs are significant factors that encourage E-TW adoption.However,the non-availability of charging infrastructure,lower speed,higher initial purchase cost,and lack of awareness about EVs are the significant discouraging factors in adopting ETW in India.Further,Machine Learning(ML)methods were adopted to predict the mode shift behaviour from the fuel based TW to E-TW,and the results were compared with the Binary Logit(BL)method.The model results indicated that Support vector machine predicted the mode shift behavior with the highest accuracy rate compared with other methods such as Artificial Neural Network,K-Nearest Neighbor,Random Forest,and BL.The outcome of this study would help the transportation planner,EV manufacturers,researchers,and policymakers to understand the Indian user’s preference to adopt E-TW.
文摘目的 探究标准化现状(situation,S)、背景(background,B)、评估(assessment,A)、建议(recommendation,R)交班模式对精神科患者交接班质量的影响。方法 选取2023年9月—2024年2月龙岩市第三医院精神科4个同质化病区的护士59名,根据病区分为试验组(精神一科、精神四科)和对照组(精神二科、精神六科),同期病区护士试验组30名,对照组29名。对照组采用常规交接班管理模式,试验组采用标准化SBAR交班模式管理。比较2组护士干预前、后的中文版护士交接班评估量表(nursing assessment of shift report,NASR)、中文版批判性思维能力倾向测试量表(critical thinking disposition inventory-Chinese version,CTDI-CV)、中文版患者床边交接班满意度问卷(patient views on nursing care with the implementation of bedside report,PVNC-BR)评分、护士临床能力考核表,记录2组交班时长及干预6个月后的总不良交接事件发生率。结果 干预后,试验组护士的交接班时长为(27.26±3.09)min,对照组为(34.53±4.72)min,试验组短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组护士干预后的NASR、CTDICV、PVNC-BR量表、护士临床能力考核表的各项得分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组干预后交接不良事件总发生率为10.00%,对照组为30.00%,试验组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 采用标准化SBAR交班模式管理有助于精神科护士提高交接班质量,确保临床护理安全。
