Based on the fact that a two-mode squeezed number state is a two-variable Hermite polynomial excitation of the two-mode squeezed vacuum state, the result of one-mode l-photon measurement for the two-mode squeezed numb...Based on the fact that a two-mode squeezed number state is a two-variable Hermite polynomial excitation of the two-mode squeezed vacuum state, the result of one-mode l-photon measurement for the two-mode squeezed number state S2｜m, n） is discussed. It is found that a remaining field-mode simultaneously collapses into a number state ｜n - m＋l｜ with the coefficient being a Jacobi polynomial of n, m and l, which manifestly exhibits the entanglement between the two modes, i.e. it depends on the number-difference between the two modes. The second mode collapses into an excited coherent state when the first mode is measured as a coherent state.展开更多
A complex number mode analysis approach is proposed for vibration reducing of structural flexible redundant manipulators by utilizing self motion. In the proposed approach, the self motion is evaluated to nullify th...A complex number mode analysis approach is proposed for vibration reducing of structural flexible redundant manipulators by utilizing self motion. In the proposed approach, the self motion is evaluated to nullify the modal exciting force of flexural motion, and the approach can be freely used when the degree of freedom of flexural motion is much greater than the available degree of reundancy. The availability and effectiveness of the proposed approach are demonstrated through numerical simulation with a four link spatial robotic manipulator possessing an end flexible link.展开更多
For the first time, we derive the photon number cumulant for two-mode squeezed state and show that its cumulant expansion leads to normalization of two-mode photon subtracted-squeezed states and photon added- squeezed...For the first time, we derive the photon number cumulant for two-mode squeezed state and show that its cumulant expansion leads to normalization of two-mode photon subtracted-squeezed states and photon added- squeezed states. We show that the normalization is related to Jacobi polynomial, so the cumulant expansion in turn represents the new generating function of Jacobi polynomial.展开更多
In anti-seismic calculation, the mode truncation is a significant problem to engineers if the mode-superposition response spectrum method is used, which has not been completely solved yet in some large and complex str...In anti-seismic calculation, the mode truncation is a significant problem to engineers if the mode-superposition response spectrum method is used, which has not been completely solved yet in some large and complex structures such as reticulated domes. In this case, some useful advices, concentrating on the problem above, are expected through a careful and comprehensive investigation of this paper. During the investigation, the authors first point out shortcomings of former researches. Then frequency-spectrum characteristics of single-layered reticulated domes were studied from the perspective of structural responses. During this process, some important results such as the existence of the main resonant section, and the fact that the relative sensitivity of these domes under horizontal and vertical impulse varies with the different R/S ratios were achieved. Furthermore, based on the study of frequency-spectrum characteristics, as well as that of earthquake input, reasonable numbers of mode truncation in single layered reticulated domes with different R/S ratio were presented. Results of case studies prove the mode truncation number proposed is valid.展开更多
The failure of rotating machinery applications has major time and cost effects on the industry.Condition monitoring helps to ensure safe operation and also avoids losses.The signal processing method is essential for e...The failure of rotating machinery applications has major time and cost effects on the industry.Condition monitoring helps to ensure safe operation and also avoids losses.The signal processing method is essential for ensuring both the efficiency and accuracy of the monitoring process.Variational mode decomposition(VMD)is a signal processing method which decomposes a non-stationary signal into sets of variational mode functions(VMFs)adaptively and non-recursively.The VMD method offers improved performance for the condition monitoring of rotating machinery applications.However,determining an accurate number of modes for the VMD method is still considered an open research problem.Therefore,a selection method for determining the number of modes for VMD is proposed by taking advantage of the similarities in concept between the original signal and VMF.Simulated signal and online gearbox vibration signals have been used to validate the performance of the proposed method.The statistical parameters of the signals are extracted from the original signals,VMFs and intrinsic mode functions(IMFs)and have been fed into machine learning algorithms to validate the performance of the VMD method.The results show that the features extracted from VMD are both superior and accurate for the monitoring of rotating machinery.Hence the proposed method offers a new approach for the condition monitoring of rotating machinery applications.展开更多
This thesis introduces the relationship between number and culture. Numbers are an important part of culture. With the development of human civilization, in different countries or nationalities, numbers have different...This thesis introduces the relationship between number and culture. Numbers are an important part of culture. With the development of human civilization, in different countries or nationalities, numbers have different implications and characteristics.From the expression of quantity, specific things and proportion, we can find the differences of culture.The focus is on "Mode Numbers" in Chinese and English culture.展开更多
On the EAST tokamak,filament-like structures have been observed in ELMy H-mode discharges with a high-speed vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) imaging system.The topos,chronos and their weight can be obtained simultaneously by ...On the EAST tokamak,filament-like structures have been observed in ELMy H-mode discharges with a high-speed vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) imaging system.The topos,chronos and their weight can be obtained simultaneously by performing the so-called singular value decomposition (SVD) analysis of raw VUV imaging data.The fluctuation amplitude is observed to be suppressed and enhanced gradually in the edge localized mode (ELM) crash and pedestal recovery phase in the chronos,respectively,while filament-like structures can only be found in the pedestal recovery phase on the topos.The mode structure,i.e.m/n =36/9 (m and n are the poloidal and toroidal mode number,respectively) with ρ0 =0.95,w0 =0.07 (ρ0 and w0 denote the mode location and mode width,respectively) is derived by a comparison of the synthetic images and the experimental imaging data.展开更多
Frequency-Modulation Continuous-Wave Synthetic Aperture Radar(FMCW SAR)has shown great potential in the applications of civil and military fields because of its easy deployment and low cost.However,most of these work ...Frequency-Modulation Continuous-Wave Synthetic Aperture Radar(FMCW SAR)has shown great potential in the applications of civil and military fields because of its easy deployment and low cost.However,most of these work and analysis are concentrated on airborne FMCW SAR,where the characteristics of the imaging geometry and signal are much similar to that of traditional pulsed-SAR.As a result,a series of test campaigns of automobile-based FMCW SAR were sponsored by Institute of Electronics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(IECAS)in the autumn of 2012.In this paper,we analyze the imaging issues of FMCW SAR in automobile mode(named as near range mode),where a vehicle is used as moving platform and a large looking angle is configured.The imaging geometry and signal properties are analyzed in detail.We emphasize the difference of the near range mode from the traditional airborne SAR mode.Based on the analysis,a focusing approach is proposed in the paper to handle the data focusing in the case.Simulation experiment and real data of automobile FMCW SAR are used to validate the analysis.展开更多
In this paper a modified ensemble empirical mode decomposition(EEMD) method is presented, which is named winning-EEMD(W-EEMD). Two aspects of the EEMD, the amplitude of added white noise and the number of intrinsic mo...In this paper a modified ensemble empirical mode decomposition(EEMD) method is presented, which is named winning-EEMD(W-EEMD). Two aspects of the EEMD, the amplitude of added white noise and the number of intrinsic mode functions(IMFs), are discussed in this method. The signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) is used to measure the amplitude of added noise and the winning number of IMFs(which results most frequency) is used to unify the number of IMFs. By this method, the calculation speed of decomposition is improved, and the relative error between original data and sum of decompositions is reduced. In addition, the feasibility and effectiveness of this method are proved by the example of the oceanic internal solitary wave.展开更多
The recognition and management of risk in donation process and blood product is critical to ensure donor and patient safety. To achieve this goal, the failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) is a convenient method;mo...The recognition and management of risk in donation process and blood product is critical to ensure donor and patient safety. To achieve this goal, the failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) is a convenient method;moreover it was used to prevent the occurrence of adverse events and look at what could go strong at each step. This study aimed to utilize FMEA in central blood bank in Khartoum to evaluate the potential risk and adverse event that may occur during the donation process. According to the severity, occurrence and the detection of each failure mode, the risk priority number (RPN) was calculated to determine which of the failures should take priority to find a solution and applying corrective action to reduce the failure risk. The statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 11 was used as descriptive and analytical statistics tool. The FMEA technique provides a systematic method for finding vulnerabilities in a process before they result in an error, and in this study a satisfactory outcome was reached.展开更多
Flow transition from laminar to turbulent mode (and vice versa)—that is, the initiation of turbulence—is one of the most important research subjects in the history of engineering. Even for pipe flow, predicting the ...Flow transition from laminar to turbulent mode (and vice versa)—that is, the initiation of turbulence—is one of the most important research subjects in the history of engineering. Even for pipe flow, predicting the onset of turbulence requires sophisticated instrumentation and/or direct numerical simulation, based on observing the instantaneous flow structure formation and evolution. In this work, a local Reynolds number equivalence c (ratio of local inertia effect to viscous effect) is seen to conform to the Universal Law of the Wall, where c = 1 represents a quantitative balance between the abovementioned two effects. This coincides with the wall layer thickness (y+= 1, where y+ is the dimensionless distance from the wall surface defined in the Universal Law of the Wall). It is found that the characteristic of how the local derivative of c against the local velocity changes with increasing velocity determines the onset of turbulence. For pipe flow, c - 25, and for plate flow, c - 151.5. These findings suggest that a certain combination of c and velocity (nonlinearity) can qualify the source of turbulence (i.e., generate turbulent energy). Similarly, a re-evaluation of the previous findings reveals that only the geometrically narrow domain can act locally as the source of turbulence, with the rest of the flow field largely being left for transporting and dissipating. This understanding will have an impact on the future large-scale modeling of turbulence.展开更多
This paper presents a new four-dimensional（4 D） autonomous chaotic system which has first Lyapunov exponent of about 22 and is comparatively larger than many existing three-dimensional（3 D） and 4 D chaotic systems...This paper presents a new four-dimensional（4 D） autonomous chaotic system which has first Lyapunov exponent of about 22 and is comparatively larger than many existing three-dimensional（3 D） and 4 D chaotic systems.The proposed system exhibits hyperbolic curve and circular paraboloid types of equilibria.The system has all zero eigenvalues for a particular case of an equilibrium point.The system has various dynamical behaviors like hyperchaotic,chaotic,periodic,and quasi-periodic.The system also exhibits coexistence of attractors.Dynamical behavior of the new system is validated using circuit implementation.Further an interesting switching synchronization phenomenon is proposed for the new chaotic system.An adaptive global integral sliding mode control is designed for the switching synchronization of the proposed system.In the switching synchronization,the synchronization is shown for the switching chaotic,stable,periodic,and hybrid synchronization behaviors.Performance of the controller designed in the paper is compared with an existing controller.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No 10774108)
文摘Based on the fact that a two-mode squeezed number state is a two-variable Hermite polynomial excitation of the two-mode squeezed vacuum state, the result of one-mode l-photon measurement for the two-mode squeezed number state S2｜m, n） is discussed. It is found that a remaining field-mode simultaneously collapses into a number state ｜n - m＋l｜ with the coefficient being a Jacobi polynomial of n, m and l, which manifestly exhibits the entanglement between the two modes, i.e. it depends on the number-difference between the two modes. The second mode collapses into an excited coherent state when the first mode is measured as a coherent state.
文摘A complex number mode analysis approach is proposed for vibration reducing of structural flexible redundant manipulators by utilizing self motion. In the proposed approach, the self motion is evaluated to nullify the modal exciting force of flexural motion, and the approach can be freely used when the degree of freedom of flexural motion is much greater than the available degree of reundancy. The availability and effectiveness of the proposed approach are demonstrated through numerical simulation with a four link spatial robotic manipulator possessing an end flexible link.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,China (Grant No.2011J01018)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.11175113)
文摘For the first time, we derive the photon number cumulant for two-mode squeezed state and show that its cumulant expansion leads to normalization of two-mode photon subtracted-squeezed states and photon added- squeezed states. We show that the normalization is related to Jacobi polynomial, so the cumulant expansion in turn represents the new generating function of Jacobi polynomial.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.50338010).
文摘In anti-seismic calculation, the mode truncation is a significant problem to engineers if the mode-superposition response spectrum method is used, which has not been completely solved yet in some large and complex structures such as reticulated domes. In this case, some useful advices, concentrating on the problem above, are expected through a careful and comprehensive investigation of this paper. During the investigation, the authors first point out shortcomings of former researches. Then frequency-spectrum characteristics of single-layered reticulated domes were studied from the perspective of structural responses. During this process, some important results such as the existence of the main resonant section, and the fact that the relative sensitivity of these domes under horizontal and vertical impulse varies with the different R/S ratios were achieved. Furthermore, based on the study of frequency-spectrum characteristics, as well as that of earthquake input, reasonable numbers of mode truncation in single layered reticulated domes with different R/S ratio were presented. Results of case studies prove the mode truncation number proposed is valid.
基金the Institute of Noise and Vibration UTM for funding the study under the Higher Institution Centre of Excellence(HICoE)Grant Scheme (No.R.K130000.7809. 4J226)Additional funding for this research also comes from the UTM Research University Grant (No.Q. K130000.2543.11H36)Fundamental Research Grant Scheme(No.R.K130000.7840.4F653)by the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia
文摘The failure of rotating machinery applications has major time and cost effects on the industry.Condition monitoring helps to ensure safe operation and also avoids losses.The signal processing method is essential for ensuring both the efficiency and accuracy of the monitoring process.Variational mode decomposition(VMD)is a signal processing method which decomposes a non-stationary signal into sets of variational mode functions(VMFs)adaptively and non-recursively.The VMD method offers improved performance for the condition monitoring of rotating machinery applications.However,determining an accurate number of modes for the VMD method is still considered an open research problem.Therefore,a selection method for determining the number of modes for VMD is proposed by taking advantage of the similarities in concept between the original signal and VMF.Simulated signal and online gearbox vibration signals have been used to validate the performance of the proposed method.The statistical parameters of the signals are extracted from the original signals,VMFs and intrinsic mode functions(IMFs)and have been fed into machine learning algorithms to validate the performance of the VMD method.The results show that the features extracted from VMD are both superior and accurate for the monitoring of rotating machinery.Hence the proposed method offers a new approach for the condition monitoring of rotating machinery applications.
文摘This thesis introduces the relationship between number and culture. Numbers are an important part of culture. With the development of human civilization, in different countries or nationalities, numbers have different implications and characteristics.From the expression of quantity, specific things and proportion, we can find the differences of culture.The focus is on "Mode Numbers" in Chinese and English culture.
基金by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 11605244, 11875294, 11505221)the National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Science Program of China (Nos. 2014GB106000 and 2014GB106001)
文摘On the EAST tokamak,filament-like structures have been observed in ELMy H-mode discharges with a high-speed vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) imaging system.The topos,chronos and their weight can be obtained simultaneously by performing the so-called singular value decomposition (SVD) analysis of raw VUV imaging data.The fluctuation amplitude is observed to be suppressed and enhanced gradually in the edge localized mode (ELM) crash and pedestal recovery phase in the chronos,respectively,while filament-like structures can only be found in the pedestal recovery phase on the topos.The mode structure,i.e.m/n =36/9 (m and n are the poloidal and toroidal mode number,respectively) with ρ0 =0.95,w0 =0.07 (ρ0 and w0 denote the mode location and mode width,respectively) is derived by a comparison of the synthetic images and the experimental imaging data.
文摘Frequency-Modulation Continuous-Wave Synthetic Aperture Radar(FMCW SAR)has shown great potential in the applications of civil and military fields because of its easy deployment and low cost.However,most of these work and analysis are concentrated on airborne FMCW SAR,where the characteristics of the imaging geometry and signal are much similar to that of traditional pulsed-SAR.As a result,a series of test campaigns of automobile-based FMCW SAR were sponsored by Institute of Electronics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(IECAS)in the autumn of 2012.In this paper,we analyze the imaging issues of FMCW SAR in automobile mode(named as near range mode),where a vehicle is used as moving platform and a large looking angle is configured.The imaging geometry and signal properties are analyzed in detail.We emphasize the difference of the near range mode from the traditional airborne SAR mode.Based on the analysis,a focusing approach is proposed in the paper to handle the data focusing in the case.Simulation experiment and real data of automobile FMCW SAR are used to validate the analysis.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61072145,11401031 and 61471406)the Beijing Excellent Talent Training Project(No.2013D005007000003)
文摘In this paper a modified ensemble empirical mode decomposition(EEMD) method is presented, which is named winning-EEMD(W-EEMD). Two aspects of the EEMD, the amplitude of added white noise and the number of intrinsic mode functions(IMFs), are discussed in this method. The signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) is used to measure the amplitude of added noise and the winning number of IMFs(which results most frequency) is used to unify the number of IMFs. By this method, the calculation speed of decomposition is improved, and the relative error between original data and sum of decompositions is reduced. In addition, the feasibility and effectiveness of this method are proved by the example of the oceanic internal solitary wave.
文摘The recognition and management of risk in donation process and blood product is critical to ensure donor and patient safety. To achieve this goal, the failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) is a convenient method;moreover it was used to prevent the occurrence of adverse events and look at what could go strong at each step. This study aimed to utilize FMEA in central blood bank in Khartoum to evaluate the potential risk and adverse event that may occur during the donation process. According to the severity, occurrence and the detection of each failure mode, the risk priority number (RPN) was calculated to determine which of the failures should take priority to find a solution and applying corrective action to reduce the failure risk. The statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 11 was used as descriptive and analytical statistics tool. The FMEA technique provides a systematic method for finding vulnerabilities in a process before they result in an error, and in this study a satisfactory outcome was reached.
文摘Flow transition from laminar to turbulent mode (and vice versa)—that is, the initiation of turbulence—is one of the most important research subjects in the history of engineering. Even for pipe flow, predicting the onset of turbulence requires sophisticated instrumentation and/or direct numerical simulation, based on observing the instantaneous flow structure formation and evolution. In this work, a local Reynolds number equivalence c (ratio of local inertia effect to viscous effect) is seen to conform to the Universal Law of the Wall, where c = 1 represents a quantitative balance between the abovementioned two effects. This coincides with the wall layer thickness (y+= 1, where y+ is the dimensionless distance from the wall surface defined in the Universal Law of the Wall). It is found that the characteristic of how the local derivative of c against the local velocity changes with increasing velocity determines the onset of turbulence. For pipe flow, c - 25, and for plate flow, c - 151.5. These findings suggest that a certain combination of c and velocity (nonlinearity) can qualify the source of turbulence (i.e., generate turbulent energy). Similarly, a re-evaluation of the previous findings reveals that only the geometrically narrow domain can act locally as the source of turbulence, with the rest of the flow field largely being left for transporting and dissipating. This understanding will have an impact on the future large-scale modeling of turbulence.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11772306)
文摘This paper presents a new four-dimensional（4 D） autonomous chaotic system which has first Lyapunov exponent of about 22 and is comparatively larger than many existing three-dimensional（3 D） and 4 D chaotic systems.The proposed system exhibits hyperbolic curve and circular paraboloid types of equilibria.The system has all zero eigenvalues for a particular case of an equilibrium point.The system has various dynamical behaviors like hyperchaotic,chaotic,periodic,and quasi-periodic.The system also exhibits coexistence of attractors.Dynamical behavior of the new system is validated using circuit implementation.Further an interesting switching synchronization phenomenon is proposed for the new chaotic system.An adaptive global integral sliding mode control is designed for the switching synchronization of the proposed system.In the switching synchronization,the synchronization is shown for the switching chaotic,stable,periodic,and hybrid synchronization behaviors.Performance of the controller designed in the paper is compared with an existing controller.
