Generally, mine roads are located in the mountain areas, as its complex topography, mostly along the river near the cliffs, steep bend anxious, the mine road design has to adopt lower technical standards relatively an...Generally, mine roads are located in the mountain areas, as its complex topography, mostly along the river near the cliffs, steep bend anxious, the mine road design has to adopt lower technical standards relatively and usually is lack of traffic safety facilities. Especially, there are mainly medium-sized vehicles on mine road, under the heavy traffic vehicles affect repeatedly, high frequency of traffic accidents more easily happen in mine road area and cause serious effects on life or property. Combining with the particularity of mine road safety environment, this paper studies the basic theory of safety evaluation, analyses the factors of traffic safety design and special mine terrain conditions, and then establishes mine road safety index system and evaluation model based on the principles such as systematicness, independent indexes, qualitative and quantitative analysis, feasibility, scientificity and reliability. At last, the paper successfully evaluates the safety of road in Huang Mailing phosphate rock area with fuzzy AHP method based on engineering project.展开更多
This study explores how dust from the Ekati Diamond Mine potentially affects the availability and quality of forage on the seasonal range of the Bathurst caribou herd. Understanding the effects of dust as a source of ...This study explores how dust from the Ekati Diamond Mine potentially affects the availability and quality of forage on the seasonal range of the Bathurst caribou herd. Understanding the effects of dust as a source of disturbance is important because the Bathurst caribou population has declined by 93% since the middle 1980s and there are reports that caribou in general may avoid mining projects. There are several challenges for quantifying dust impacts: 1) Natural variations (e.g., topography, natural disturbance, and soil pH) may also impact forage availability and quality for caribou. To minimize their masking effect, we stratified survey sites into seven land cover classes and selected the most populous class (i.e., the dwarf shrub) for assessing the impact. 2) Within class variation (e.g., the proportion of area covered by rocks where vascular plants and lichen do not grow) can further skew the analysis. We eliminated this problem by examining only the area not covered by rocks. 3) Coarse and fine suspended particulates have different spatial coverages, chemical compositions, and pH values. Consequently, their impacts on caribou forage can be different. To distinguish their impacts, we sampled two areas: transects from the Misery Haul Road that has been in active use vs. those from a rarely used spur road outside the Misery Camp. We sampled percent vegetation cover, soil pH, and dust on leaves along these transects during the summers of 2015 and 2016. Our results indicated that the amount of dust on leaves in a zone of ~1000 m from the Misery Haul Road was 3 - 9 times than that of background sites. The zone of reduced lichen percent cover was also about 1000 m. In contrast, these road dust-induced changes in caribou forage were not observed for the dust-free transect from the spur road.展开更多
Data mining has been proven as a reliable technique to analyze road accidents and provide productive results. Most of the road accident data analysis use data mining techniques, focusing on identifying factors that af...Data mining has been proven as a reliable technique to analyze road accidents and provide productive results. Most of the road accident data analysis use data mining techniques, focusing on identifying factors that affect the severity of an accident. However, any damage resulting from road accidents is always unacceptable in terms of health, property damage and other economic factors. Sometimes, it is found that road accident occurrences are more frequent at certain specific locations. The analysis of these locations can help in identifying certain road accident features that make a road accident to occur frequently in these locations. Association rule mining is one of the popular data mining techniques that identify the correlation in various attributes of road accident. In this paper, we first applied k-means algorithm to group the accident locations into three categories, high-frequency, moderate-frequency and low-frequency accident locations. k-means algorithm takes accident frequency count as a parameter to cluster the locations. Then we used association rule mining to characterize these locations. The rules revealed different factors associated with road accidents at different locations with varying accident frequencies. Theassociation rules for high-frequency accident location disclosed that intersections on highways are more dangerous for every type of accidents. High-frequency accident locations mostly involved two-wheeler accidents at hilly regions. In moderate-frequency accident locations, colonies near local roads and intersection on highway roads are found dangerous for pedestrian hit accidents. Low-frequency accident locations are scattered throughout the district and the most of the accidents at these locations were not critical. Although the data set was limited to some selected attributes, our approach extracted some useful hidden information from the data which can be utilized to take some preventive efforts in these locations.展开更多
针对露天矿路网采集与更新传统人工识别方法生成路网不准确、时效性差的问题,提出了一种基于露天矿路网时空一体化的自适应制图方法,该方法对车载GNSS轨迹出现轨迹点定位漂移的问题,做出车辆定位漂移的判断和校正;基于大规模的GNSS轨迹...针对露天矿路网采集与更新传统人工识别方法生成路网不准确、时效性差的问题,提出了一种基于露天矿路网时空一体化的自适应制图方法,该方法对车载GNSS轨迹出现轨迹点定位漂移的问题,做出车辆定位漂移的判断和校正;基于大规模的GNSS轨迹,自动构建具有地理位置信息的拓扑结构;使用信息熵来评估道路布局的复杂性,从而调整细化阈值,并持续将新产生的轨迹点融入到现有路网。在四川省攀枝花市某矿场收集到的轨迹点进行试验,与Open Street Map等卫星影像进行叠加分析,准确率达到96.7%,较CLL方法提升7.6%;处理速度较传统人工方法提升445.95%。本文方法能够在采用更少路段、更少节点的情况下,以更高的准确率提取出高质量路网,同时解决了传统人工方法效率低、时效性弱和传统自动构建CLL方法准确率差的问题,具有较高的和实用性。展开更多
文摘Generally, mine roads are located in the mountain areas, as its complex topography, mostly along the river near the cliffs, steep bend anxious, the mine road design has to adopt lower technical standards relatively and usually is lack of traffic safety facilities. Especially, there are mainly medium-sized vehicles on mine road, under the heavy traffic vehicles affect repeatedly, high frequency of traffic accidents more easily happen in mine road area and cause serious effects on life or property. Combining with the particularity of mine road safety environment, this paper studies the basic theory of safety evaluation, analyses the factors of traffic safety design and special mine terrain conditions, and then establishes mine road safety index system and evaluation model based on the principles such as systematicness, independent indexes, qualitative and quantitative analysis, feasibility, scientificity and reliability. At last, the paper successfully evaluates the safety of road in Huang Mailing phosphate rock area with fuzzy AHP method based on engineering project.
文摘This study explores how dust from the Ekati Diamond Mine potentially affects the availability and quality of forage on the seasonal range of the Bathurst caribou herd. Understanding the effects of dust as a source of disturbance is important because the Bathurst caribou population has declined by 93% since the middle 1980s and there are reports that caribou in general may avoid mining projects. There are several challenges for quantifying dust impacts: 1) Natural variations (e.g., topography, natural disturbance, and soil pH) may also impact forage availability and quality for caribou. To minimize their masking effect, we stratified survey sites into seven land cover classes and selected the most populous class (i.e., the dwarf shrub) for assessing the impact. 2) Within class variation (e.g., the proportion of area covered by rocks where vascular plants and lichen do not grow) can further skew the analysis. We eliminated this problem by examining only the area not covered by rocks. 3) Coarse and fine suspended particulates have different spatial coverages, chemical compositions, and pH values. Consequently, their impacts on caribou forage can be different. To distinguish their impacts, we sampled two areas: transects from the Misery Haul Road that has been in active use vs. those from a rarely used spur road outside the Misery Camp. We sampled percent vegetation cover, soil pH, and dust on leaves along these transects during the summers of 2015 and 2016. Our results indicated that the amount of dust on leaves in a zone of ~1000 m from the Misery Haul Road was 3 - 9 times than that of background sites. The zone of reduced lichen percent cover was also about 1000 m. In contrast, these road dust-induced changes in caribou forage were not observed for the dust-free transect from the spur road.
文摘Data mining has been proven as a reliable technique to analyze road accidents and provide productive results. Most of the road accident data analysis use data mining techniques, focusing on identifying factors that affect the severity of an accident. However, any damage resulting from road accidents is always unacceptable in terms of health, property damage and other economic factors. Sometimes, it is found that road accident occurrences are more frequent at certain specific locations. The analysis of these locations can help in identifying certain road accident features that make a road accident to occur frequently in these locations. Association rule mining is one of the popular data mining techniques that identify the correlation in various attributes of road accident. In this paper, we first applied k-means algorithm to group the accident locations into three categories, high-frequency, moderate-frequency and low-frequency accident locations. k-means algorithm takes accident frequency count as a parameter to cluster the locations. Then we used association rule mining to characterize these locations. The rules revealed different factors associated with road accidents at different locations with varying accident frequencies. Theassociation rules for high-frequency accident location disclosed that intersections on highways are more dangerous for every type of accidents. High-frequency accident locations mostly involved two-wheeler accidents at hilly regions. In moderate-frequency accident locations, colonies near local roads and intersection on highway roads are found dangerous for pedestrian hit accidents. Low-frequency accident locations are scattered throughout the district and the most of the accidents at these locations were not critical. Although the data set was limited to some selected attributes, our approach extracted some useful hidden information from the data which can be utilized to take some preventive efforts in these locations.
文摘针对露天矿路网采集与更新传统人工识别方法生成路网不准确、时效性差的问题,提出了一种基于露天矿路网时空一体化的自适应制图方法,该方法对车载GNSS轨迹出现轨迹点定位漂移的问题,做出车辆定位漂移的判断和校正;基于大规模的GNSS轨迹,自动构建具有地理位置信息的拓扑结构;使用信息熵来评估道路布局的复杂性,从而调整细化阈值,并持续将新产生的轨迹点融入到现有路网。在四川省攀枝花市某矿场收集到的轨迹点进行试验,与Open Street Map等卫星影像进行叠加分析,准确率达到96.7%,较CLL方法提升7.6%;处理速度较传统人工方法提升445.95%。本文方法能够在采用更少路段、更少节点的情况下,以更高的准确率提取出高质量路网,同时解决了传统人工方法效率低、时效性弱和传统自动构建CLL方法准确率差的问题,具有较高的和实用性。
