Introduction:Current international guidelines encourage cancer patients to engage in physical activity and recommend mind-body therapies(MBTs)as a method for treating cancer-related pain(CRP).However,the most effectiv...Introduction:Current international guidelines encourage cancer patients to engage in physical activity and recommend mind-body therapies(MBTs)as a method for treating cancer-related pain(CRP).However,the most effective MBTs for improving CRP in this population remain unknown.Therefore,this network meta-analysis(NMA)aimed to assess and rank the relative efficacy of different MBTs for CRP,and to conduct subgroup analyses according to different cancer types and stages of treatment.Content:Eight electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)that compared differentMBTs to improve pain in adults living with cancer.RCTs were evaluated using the Cochrane risk of bias tool.A random effects network meta-analysis was performed within a frequentist framework.Of the 4,916 articles retrieved and screened against the selection criteria.36 studies with a total 2,387 participants were eligible to be included in the analysis.Qigong demonstrated significantly greater effects than Usual care(standardized mean difference[SMD]-0.85,95% confidence interval[CI]-1.46 to -0.24),Waitlist(SMD−0.93,-1.77 to -0.08),and Massage(SMD-1.71,-3.20 to -0.23),with the highest surface under the cumulative ranking value of 86.5%,was ranked first.It was preceded by Conventional exercise(75.2%),Taichi(74.9%),with Massage having the lowest rank(7.2%).In a subgroup analysis of breast cancer,Taichi(89.6%),Conventional exercise(68.4%),and Pilates(68.3%)ranked as the top three.Summary and outlook:This network meta-analysis indicates that Qigong and Tai Chi are among the most effective mind–body therapies(MBTs)for managing cancer-related pain and may serve as complementary adjuvant treatments for patients with cancer.展开更多
This article explores the intersection of the Eight-Circuit Model of Consciousness (ECM), initially conceptualized by Timothy Leary and expanded by Robert Anton Wilson, and its implications for mind-body health. By an...This article explores the intersection of the Eight-Circuit Model of Consciousness (ECM), initially conceptualized by Timothy Leary and expanded by Robert Anton Wilson, and its implications for mind-body health. By analyzing each circuit’s role in human consciousness, we discuss how activating and balancing these circuits can lead to enhanced psychological well-being, stress reduction, and overall physical health. Recent research is integrated to provide a contemporary understanding of how the ECM can be applied to modern mind-body therapies, with a focus on both theoretical implications and practical applications.展开更多
In this paper it is analyzed from the informational perspective the relation between mind and body, an ancientphilosophic issue defined as a problem, which still did not receive up to date an adequate solution. Byintr...In this paper it is analyzed from the informational perspective the relation between mind and body, an ancientphilosophic issue defined as a problem, which still did not receive up to date an adequate solution. Byintroducing/using the concept of information, it is shown that this concept includes two facets, one of themreferring to the common communications and another one referring to a hidden/structuring matter-relatedinformation, effectively acting in the human body and in the living systems, which determines the dynamicinter-change of information between specific structures of the organism by electric/electronic/chemical agents andgenetic/epigenetic processes. It is shown that the maintenance of body, permanently and obligatory depending onthe external matter (foods, air, water) resources, needed to provide both the structuring/restructuring basic materialand energy, determines the necessary existence of an info-managing system, administrating the internalmechano-chemical/physical processes. As a natural consequence, such a system should organize and assure ownsurvival by an effective informational operability to detect the external food resources, to select the appropriateinterest information and to decide as a function of circumstances. One important component in such aninformational system is memory, allowing to dispose of the reference informational data for analysis/comparisonand the selection between good and bad binary possible decisions. The memory receives and stores thereforesignals from external reality and from the body itself, referring to the emotional reaction, digestion status, creation,and inherited predilections, within specific info-neural communication circuits between the brain and bodyexecution/sensitive organs, the human body appearing as an integrated info-matter self-managed dynamic system.The specific body components memorize information with different degrees of info-integration: short/long-termintegration, emotive/action reaction, info-abilities, culminating with the integration in the chromosomal structuresby epigenetic processes. The new acquired information is transgenerationally transmissible, and is manifested asnew traits, showing the adaptation capability of the human and close relation between mind and body. Analyzingthe results of such a mind-body informational model in comparison with the earlier assumed/proposed/assertedarchaic, Greek and Occidental philosophies, which represent only partial aspects of this relation, it is shown thatthis informational model, elaborated in terms of information on the basis of scientific reasons and arguments,constitutes a general, realist, and coherent model of the mind-body relation, able to integrate and/or explain most ofthe others.展开更多
To understand what the relation between the mind and body is,philosophers and scientists have done quite a lot of work,but their opinions are controversial and this problem is known as mind-body dichotomy.Mind and bod...To understand what the relation between the mind and body is,philosophers and scientists have done quite a lot of work,but their opinions are controversial and this problem is known as mind-body dichotomy.Mind and body are thought to be separated in ancient Greek and ancient India and both of the two civilizations emphasize the dominated role of mind in the mind-body interaction.However,modern sciences such as biology are based on materialism and they think that mental phenomena are entirely dependent upon brain.A series of philosophical groups focusing on the mind-body problem,such as physicalism and dualism,have been developed based on traditional views and scientific advances.In this paper,a comprehensive overview and comparison to various theoretical mind-body models are carried out and based on the relativity of simultaneity axiom we recently proposed,we concluded that mind and body should be two independent existences and any theory based on monist philosophy such as materialism,idealism and Christianity cannot satisfy the logical consistency requirement while the trialism of matter,energy and information is unnecessary.展开更多
In this paper, we aim to use an innovative model to integrate applied work on a fast-acting mind-body intervention, Mind-Body Bridging (MBB), with theoretical work based on psychology and neuroscience. In an affect-ob...In this paper, we aim to use an innovative model to integrate applied work on a fast-acting mind-body intervention, Mind-Body Bridging (MBB), with theoretical work based on psychology and neuroscience. In an affect-object generative inference and regulation (AGIR) model, we propose that functional dynamics between two systems, the affect-object thought generation system and the cognitive control system, can guide an individual to achieve homeostasis within self and harmonious relationships with others. We used Neurosynth (www.neurosynth.org), an automated meta-analysis database, to identify potential brain substrates underlying the key components in the AGIR model. Based on the findings, some brain regions are implicated as the key cortical substrates in this model, corroborating our central hypothesis that a hallmark of mind-body wellbeing can be characterized as a low-frequency anti-correlantion between 1) the cognitive control system including the dorsal anterior/middle cingulate cortex, and 2) the affect-object thought generation system including the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and posterior cingulate cortex. MBB provides an efficient strategy for responding to and dissolving a fundamental problem that impairs mind-body wellbeing, i.e., unrealistic identity-grasping consisting of self-centered embodied expectations of self and others. We demonstrated how theoretical and applied work could be integrated by drawing evidence from the neuroscience literature to support the AGIR model, and then we applied the AGIR model to elucidate how MBB might work.展开更多
Although it is becoming increasingly popular for organizations to offer programs of mind–body practices to their employees to improve their physical and mental health,the effects that after-work sessions of mind–bod...Although it is becoming increasingly popular for organizations to offer programs of mind–body practices to their employees to improve their physical and mental health,the effects that after-work sessions of mind–body prac-tices have on employees’work behavior remain unclear.Using the model of proactive motivation and experience sampling,this study explored the relationship between employees’mind–body practices after work and their proactive behavior in the workplace on the following day.A multilevel path analysis of data from 82 employees over seven consecutive workdays showed that employees’mind–body practices after work had a positive effect on their proactive behavior in the workplace on the following day.The relationship was mediated by next-day high-activated positive affect and problem-solving confidence.Furthermore,job control positively moderated the rela-tionship between high-activated positive affect and proactive behavior but not that between problem-solving con-fidence and proactive behavior.We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of thesefindings,and propose future research directions.展开更多
Recently we proposed “quantum language”, which was not only characterized as the metaphysical and linguistic turn of quantum mechanics but also the linguistic turn of Descartes = Kant epistemology. And further we be...Recently we proposed “quantum language”, which was not only characterized as the metaphysical and linguistic turn of quantum mechanics but also the linguistic turn of Descartes = Kant epistemology. And further we believe that quantum language is the only scientifically successful theory in dualistic idealism. If this turn is regarded as progress in the history of western philosophy (i.e., if “philosophical progress” is defined by “approaching to quantum language”), we should study the linguistic mind-body problem more than the epistemological mind-body problem. In this paper, we show that to solve the mind-body problem and to propose “measurement axiom” in quantum language are equivalent. Since our approach is always within dualistic idealism, we believe that our linguistic answer is the only true solution to the mind-body problem.展开更多
Objective: Factors affecting performance of archery are categorized into psychological, skill, and fitness perspectives. Increase in attention, relaxation and parasympathetic system activity is believed to enhance the...Objective: Factors affecting performance of archery are categorized into psychological, skill, and fitness perspectives. Increase in attention, relaxation and parasympathetic system activity is believed to enhance the shooting performance of archers during competition. This pilot study aims to investigate the effects of single-dose of Tai Chi practice on archer’s performance and the feasibility of an investigation protocol under a competition scenario. Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with a crossover study design. Pre- and post-intervention measurements were conducted to evaluate the effects of Tai Chi practice on the archer’s autonomic nervous system activity, attention and relaxation through electroencephalography investigation, and shooting performance when compared with stretching as control. Results: The protocol of the study was found to be feasible during a competition setting. No significant difference was detected in the outcome measures under the two intervention conditions. Participants after practicing Tai Chi were found to improve significantly in their shooting performance (p = 0.021). Conclusion: This pilot study showed that a real-time measurement of autonomic nervous system and brain wave activities in the competition field was feasible and it did not hinder the archers’ performance. There was a significant improvement observed in the shooting performance of archers after Tai Chi practice when compared with baseline. The findings of this pilot study provide the basis for the conduction of a larger RCT study to examine the potential beneficial effects of Tai Chi practice on archers.展开更多
Objectives:This study had two aims.Aim one is to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of using an aroma-based,self-managed intervention for adults in outpatient treatment for substance use disorder.Aim two is to...Objectives:This study had two aims.Aim one is to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of using an aroma-based,self-managed intervention for adults in outpatient treatment for substance use disorder.Aim two is to examine the effects of a Citrus bergamia(Bergamot)essential oil intervention on the variables of comfort,ease,and stress.Methods:A randomized controlled trial was conducted(NCT05660434).Adults in treatment for substance use disorder were randomized to either control group(standard care)(n=55)or intervention group(standard care plus Citrus bergamia[Bergamot]essential oil intervention),three times a day for seven days(n=45).All data were analyzed using an intention-to-treat method.Outcomes were measured using valid and reliable measures.Results:One hundred participants were recruited over 11 months.Reasons for non or limited participation included feeling overwhelmed by the demands of treatment and everyday living.Data analysis showed psychological variable improvement with a significant increase in ease reported(P=0.022)and DASS-21 subscales for depression(P=0.007)and anxiety(P=0.013)in the intervention group.Postsatisfaction survey results were positive,with overall enjoyment,perception of the aroma,and intention to continue to use the aroma inhaler post-trial,which was high.Conclusions:Results from this study provide data to support the feasibility and acceptability of using essential oil via inhalation to help this population.Findings from this study will inform a more extensive study designed to examine effects within and between groups using a placebo.展开更多
This paper provides a literature review of current studies investigating the effects of meditation and mind-body exercise on peripheral concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF),an important mediator o...This paper provides a literature review of current studies investigating the effects of meditation and mind-body exercise on peripheral concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF),an important mediator of the neuroplasticity of the central nervous system and cognitive function.A literature search was conducted to collect currently published randomized controlled,non-randomized controlled and uncontrolled intervention studies.Fifteen studies were identified;and among these studies,seven were randomized controlled studies,three were non-randomized studies,and five were uncontrolled studies.Current limited evidence tends to support that mindfulness meditation and mind-body exercise(e.g.yoga and tai chi)increase circulating BDNF concentrations in healthy and diseased individuals.It is noteworthy that these findings are based on current studies with a relatively small sample size,or without a randomized controlled design.Further studies are needed to identify a definite effect of meditation or mind-body exercise on BDNF and its role in improving/maintaining brain functions in various populations.展开更多
The crux of our encounter with the mind-body problem originates from a predicament on the underlying ontological level-from the category of concepts,it seems that the form for grasping the subjective aspects of the mi...The crux of our encounter with the mind-body problem originates from a predicament on the underlying ontological level-from the category of concepts,it seems that the form for grasping the subjective aspects of the mind is incommensurable with the one for understanding the objective level of the brain.This is reflected in the fact that empirical expression is restricted by language,that psychological events cannot be incorporated into strict laws,and that the subject has a path that,with his own mental state,others cannot share.In order to make progress in cracking the mind-body problem,this paper tries to abandon the assumption that“psychology”and“physics”are mutually exclusive and are incompatible ontological categories.The“mind”and“body”are considered as two interchangeable yet non-coexisting perspectives.Therefore,events in the body are represented as conceptions in the mind,and have an expressive correspondence with one another.Meanwhile,the approach for achieving such correspondence involves the entity itself^the ability of the organism to perform purposeful activities constitutes the source of its internal activities.Through the connection of life categories-or rather,the coupling of living beings and their worlds-the mind and body maintain mechanisms which can be jointly realized.展开更多
Tai Chi,a practice that combines elements of both exercise and mindfulness,offers a wide range of health benefits.The body of evidence concerning the impact of Tai Chi on diabetes has recently been growing.This editor...Tai Chi,a practice that combines elements of both exercise and mindfulness,offers a wide range of health benefits.The body of evidence concerning the impact of Tai Chi on diabetes has recently been growing.This editorial aims to provide a concise summary of the current state of evidence for Tai Chi's effects on individuals with type 2 diabetes(T2D).The review includes 3 randomized controlled trials(RCTs)and 5 systematic reviews and meta-analyses,all of which investigate the effectiveness of Tai Chi on various health outcomes in individuals with T2D.Tai Chi demonstrates a significant effect to enhance glycemic control,lower blood pressure,improve serum lipid profiles,reduce insulin resistance,positively influence obesity-related indices,and improve overall quality of life in individuals with T2D.However,it is noteworthy that recent RCTs have reported inconsistent findings regarding the effects of Tai Chi on glycemic control and insulin resistance.The author also delves into potential mechanisms by which Tai Chi may exert its influence on the human body.Finally,the editorial highlights the critical issues that warrant further exploration in the future.展开更多
Background:Cognitive impairment is prevalent among older adults and results in degraded quality of life for older adults.As the population ages,this may cause a huge burden to society.Research has demonstrated that ph...Background:Cognitive impairment is prevalent among older adults and results in degraded quality of life for older adults.As the population ages,this may cause a huge burden to society.Research has demonstrated that physical exercise is beneficial to cognitive function.The purpose of this meta-analysis was to critically assess the effect of Tai Chi exercise on global cognitive,executive,and memory functions in older adults.Methods:After a thorough electronic search and selection,eight studies were included in this meta-analysis with two cross-sectional and six intervention studies.Nine variables included in this meta-analysis were:mini mental status examination(MMSE),Alzheimer’s disease assessment scale-cognitive subscale(ADAS-cog),trailmaking test part A(TMA),trailmaking test part B(TMB),digit span test forward(DSF),digit span test backward(DSB),visual span test backward(VSB),verbal fluency test(VFT),and word delay recall test(WDR).The effect sizes and forest plots of these nine variables were generated.Results:Four(MMSE,DSB,VSB,and VFT)out of nine variables were significantly improved after Tai Chi exercise with the effect sizes ranged from 0.20 to 0.46(small to medium).MMSE represented global cognitive function,and DSB,VSB,and VFT represented memory function.Conclusion:Tai Chi as a mind-body exercise has the positive effects on global cognitive and memory functions,and more consistent positive effects were found on memory function,especially verbal working memory.展开更多
Background: Autism spectrum disorder is a condition that affects all races, ethnic and socioeconomic groups. With a high incidenee ratio of one in every 68, it has become one of the most discussed psychiatric disorder...Background: Autism spectrum disorder is a condition that affects all races, ethnic and socioeconomic groups. With a high incidenee ratio of one in every 68, it has become one of the most discussed psychiatric disorders. For this reason, the need for investigating novel treatments has been emerging. Qigong, a traditional Chinese mind-body technique, has already proven to be able to reduce symptoms of several physical and psychological illnesses. Objective: The purpose of this systematic review is to examine and categorize the current scientific evidence regarding the efficacy of Qigong on children suffering from autism spectrum disorders. Search strategy: A systematic literature search of the electronic scientific databases PubMed, Clinical Trials.gov, BioMed Central, PubMed Central and Google Scholar was performed to identify studies of Qigong in the treatment of children with autism spectrum disorder. Inclusion criteria: This review included randomized controlled trials, replication studies, retrospective studies and observational follow-up studies of Qigong on children with autism spectrum disorder. Case reports and case series were excluded. Data extraction and analysis: Two researchers independently evaluated the methodological quality of all included studies. Any discrepancies were solved by discussion until consensus was achieved. Results: Our literature search identified 157 publications, and 10 additional publications from hand search of references. After duplicate removal, 103 records remained. After the title/abstract screening, 19 publications were obtained for detailed evaluation. After detailed evaluation, 10 studies were included. Seven studies were conducted with small children with 2-6 years old employing Qigong massage, and three studies were con ducted with older children aged 7-17 years old applying both Qigong massage (one study) and Neigong (two studies). Conclusion: Studies demonstrated that Qigong has interesting and promising applicability and effect on children with autism spectrum disorder and should be tested further. Despite the need for more rigorous controlled studies, Qigong seems to be able to decrease severity of individual sensory, behavioural, and language components of autism, and improve self-control, sociability, sensory and cognitive awareness as well as healthy-physical behaviour. Besides positive effect on children and adolescents, benefits seem to extend to parents and caregivers as well. However, quality of methodology seems to be insufficient to state that Qigong is an alternative to common behavioural therapies. We suggest that, until more investigation is performed, Qigong may only be used as a complement, or when behavioural therapies are not accessible.展开更多
Obesity and overweight problems are serious global health issues today and despite many efforts,the prevalence has continued to rise for decades.Interestingly,hypnotherapy has been gaining recognition as an effective ...Obesity and overweight problems are serious global health issues today and despite many efforts,the prevalence has continued to rise for decades.Interestingly,hypnotherapy has been gaining recognition as an effective treatment for obesity and overweight problems.This review compiles contemporary scientific research on the effectiveness of hypnotherapy for weight reduction.Scopus,Pub Med and EBSCO Host databases were applied in the study.The search identified 119 articles,of which seven met the inclusion criteria.A total of 539 respondents(82.7%women and 17.3%men)between the ages of 17 and 67 years were represented in the seven studies.Most studies incorporated lifestyle changes,such as changes of dietary habit and behavioral recommendations in the hypnotic procedure.Their results suggested that the use of hypnotherapy not only promoted weight reduction during the treatment period but also after treatment cessation,and in some cases,one to ten kilograms were lost during follow-up periods.In addition,one study even showed increased physical activity among the hypnotised individuals.This use of hypnotherapy also improved respondents'eating behavior and quality of life.However,a definitive conclusion could not be drawn due to several methodological flaws and the limited number of published studies in this area.Therefore,further well-designed studies are needed to substantiate the effectiveness of hypnotherapy for this modern-day health problem.展开更多
Whether a unified theory of everything(TOE)is possible or not is a philosophical question and yes or no can be chosen in a two-valued logic system.Currently the two schools are in conflict with each other.Based on the...Whether a unified theory of everything(TOE)is possible or not is a philosophical question and yes or no can be chosen in a two-valued logic system.Currently the two schools are in conflict with each other.Based on the relativity of simultaneity axiom proposed in this paper,the present author suggests to use a midway philosophy to replace the present materialist philosophy for modern sciences;then this conflict together with many other conflicts among different theories such as classical mechanics(CM),general relativity(GR),and quantum mechanics(QM)can be solved and a unified theory of everything for the world we can observe can be constructed.In this paper,the axiomatic foundation for a TOE is proposed which contains six fundamental axioms.Various problems related to these foundational issues are discussed.It is hoped that the present paper might show a new promise and a new direction for TOE which would be helpful for the further development of modern sciences.展开更多
Background: Given the limited benefits of current treatments for Parkinson’s disease (PD), inter-ventions that might provide supplementary benefits would be of value. The traditional Chinese medicine practice of Tai ...Background: Given the limited benefits of current treatments for Parkinson’s disease (PD), inter-ventions that might provide supplementary benefits would be of value. The traditional Chinese medicine practice of Tai Chi has been said to improve some aspects of PD, particularly imbalance. Methods: Preliminary randomized, controlled, and rater-blinded clinical trial of Tai Chi, focusing on its effects on global motor, daily function, mood and quality of life. Subjects continued their standard medical therapy and were randomly assigned to Tai Chi (16 weekly classes, expert trainer, practice at home between classes) or no Tai Chi (control group) in a 2:1 ratio. The primary outcome measure was the total motor score of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and this was scored by an experienced rater who was blinded to the treatment assignment. The same rater scored the Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living Scale. The patient-completed Geriatric Depression Scale, PD (quality of life) Questionnaire-39, and fall diary were also analyzed. Results: 44 subjects participated with 29 assigned to Tai Chi and 15 serving as controls. Tai Chi was well-tolerated. Seven subjects withdrew prior to completion (2 from Tai Chi, 5 from control). We found no significant difference between treatment groups in the change in scores from baseline to end of intervention for any of the scales. Trends toward a benefit of Tai Chi were observed for individual UPDRS items (depression, finger tapping, hand movements, posture). Conclusions: Tai Chi does not appear to improve global measures in patients with PD. The practice may have benefits for PD, but these appear to be largely restricted to specific motor tasks and perhaps mood rather than being a global functional response. More study is needed to clarify and establish efficacy.展开更多
Field is an essential concept for us to understand the physical phenomena in the universe.Since the field concept was proposed in electromagnetism during nineteenth century,the understanding of the field concept has e...Field is an essential concept for us to understand the physical phenomena in the universe.Since the field concept was proposed in electromagnetism during nineteenth century,the understanding of the field concept has experienced great changes.This paper re-examines the concept of field from its origin and evolution history,with the purpose of a better understanding of the concept in order to be used in our new general system theory to unify different theories.Our main conclusion is that the concept of field should not be regarded as an independent physical existence but a property of matter of both living and nonliving.Through a discussion on an isolated two-body system from the perspective of gravitational field,a psychic field is introduced to address the active force produced by living creatures with minds.展开更多
基金supported by the program of Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Rehabilitation Medicine(2023B110003)the Research Foundation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Bureau of Guangdong Province(20231,067)the Guangdong Hopson-Pearl River Education Development Foundation(No.H20190116202012724).
文摘Introduction:Current international guidelines encourage cancer patients to engage in physical activity and recommend mind-body therapies(MBTs)as a method for treating cancer-related pain(CRP).However,the most effective MBTs for improving CRP in this population remain unknown.Therefore,this network meta-analysis(NMA)aimed to assess and rank the relative efficacy of different MBTs for CRP,and to conduct subgroup analyses according to different cancer types and stages of treatment.Content:Eight electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)that compared differentMBTs to improve pain in adults living with cancer.RCTs were evaluated using the Cochrane risk of bias tool.A random effects network meta-analysis was performed within a frequentist framework.Of the 4,916 articles retrieved and screened against the selection criteria.36 studies with a total 2,387 participants were eligible to be included in the analysis.Qigong demonstrated significantly greater effects than Usual care(standardized mean difference[SMD]-0.85,95% confidence interval[CI]-1.46 to -0.24),Waitlist(SMD−0.93,-1.77 to -0.08),and Massage(SMD-1.71,-3.20 to -0.23),with the highest surface under the cumulative ranking value of 86.5%,was ranked first.It was preceded by Conventional exercise(75.2%),Taichi(74.9%),with Massage having the lowest rank(7.2%).In a subgroup analysis of breast cancer,Taichi(89.6%),Conventional exercise(68.4%),and Pilates(68.3%)ranked as the top three.Summary and outlook:This network meta-analysis indicates that Qigong and Tai Chi are among the most effective mind–body therapies(MBTs)for managing cancer-related pain and may serve as complementary adjuvant treatments for patients with cancer.
文摘This article explores the intersection of the Eight-Circuit Model of Consciousness (ECM), initially conceptualized by Timothy Leary and expanded by Robert Anton Wilson, and its implications for mind-body health. By analyzing each circuit’s role in human consciousness, we discuss how activating and balancing these circuits can lead to enhanced psychological well-being, stress reduction, and overall physical health. Recent research is integrated to provide a contemporary understanding of how the ECM can be applied to modern mind-body therapies, with a focus on both theoretical implications and practical applications.
文摘In this paper it is analyzed from the informational perspective the relation between mind and body, an ancientphilosophic issue defined as a problem, which still did not receive up to date an adequate solution. Byintroducing/using the concept of information, it is shown that this concept includes two facets, one of themreferring to the common communications and another one referring to a hidden/structuring matter-relatedinformation, effectively acting in the human body and in the living systems, which determines the dynamicinter-change of information between specific structures of the organism by electric/electronic/chemical agents andgenetic/epigenetic processes. It is shown that the maintenance of body, permanently and obligatory depending onthe external matter (foods, air, water) resources, needed to provide both the structuring/restructuring basic materialand energy, determines the necessary existence of an info-managing system, administrating the internalmechano-chemical/physical processes. As a natural consequence, such a system should organize and assure ownsurvival by an effective informational operability to detect the external food resources, to select the appropriateinterest information and to decide as a function of circumstances. One important component in such aninformational system is memory, allowing to dispose of the reference informational data for analysis/comparisonand the selection between good and bad binary possible decisions. The memory receives and stores thereforesignals from external reality and from the body itself, referring to the emotional reaction, digestion status, creation,and inherited predilections, within specific info-neural communication circuits between the brain and bodyexecution/sensitive organs, the human body appearing as an integrated info-matter self-managed dynamic system.The specific body components memorize information with different degrees of info-integration: short/long-termintegration, emotive/action reaction, info-abilities, culminating with the integration in the chromosomal structuresby epigenetic processes. The new acquired information is transgenerationally transmissible, and is manifested asnew traits, showing the adaptation capability of the human and close relation between mind and body. Analyzingthe results of such a mind-body informational model in comparison with the earlier assumed/proposed/assertedarchaic, Greek and Occidental philosophies, which represent only partial aspects of this relation, it is shown thatthis informational model, elaborated in terms of information on the basis of scientific reasons and arguments,constitutes a general, realist, and coherent model of the mind-body relation, able to integrate and/or explain most ofthe others.
基金This work was supported by the“Construction of a Leading Innovation Team”project by the Hangzhou Municipal government,and the startup funding of New-Joined PI of Westlake University with grant number(041030150118).
文摘To understand what the relation between the mind and body is,philosophers and scientists have done quite a lot of work,but their opinions are controversial and this problem is known as mind-body dichotomy.Mind and body are thought to be separated in ancient Greek and ancient India and both of the two civilizations emphasize the dominated role of mind in the mind-body interaction.However,modern sciences such as biology are based on materialism and they think that mental phenomena are entirely dependent upon brain.A series of philosophical groups focusing on the mind-body problem,such as physicalism and dualism,have been developed based on traditional views and scientific advances.In this paper,a comprehensive overview and comparison to various theoretical mind-body models are carried out and based on the relativity of simultaneity axiom we recently proposed,we concluded that mind and body should be two independent existences and any theory based on monist philosophy such as materialism,idealism and Christianity cannot satisfy the logical consistency requirement while the trialism of matter,energy and information is unnecessary.
文摘In this paper, we aim to use an innovative model to integrate applied work on a fast-acting mind-body intervention, Mind-Body Bridging (MBB), with theoretical work based on psychology and neuroscience. In an affect-object generative inference and regulation (AGIR) model, we propose that functional dynamics between two systems, the affect-object thought generation system and the cognitive control system, can guide an individual to achieve homeostasis within self and harmonious relationships with others. We used Neurosynth (www.neurosynth.org), an automated meta-analysis database, to identify potential brain substrates underlying the key components in the AGIR model. Based on the findings, some brain regions are implicated as the key cortical substrates in this model, corroborating our central hypothesis that a hallmark of mind-body wellbeing can be characterized as a low-frequency anti-correlantion between 1) the cognitive control system including the dorsal anterior/middle cingulate cortex, and 2) the affect-object thought generation system including the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and posterior cingulate cortex. MBB provides an efficient strategy for responding to and dissolving a fundamental problem that impairs mind-body wellbeing, i.e., unrealistic identity-grasping consisting of self-centered embodied expectations of self and others. We demonstrated how theoretical and applied work could be integrated by drawing evidence from the neuroscience literature to support the AGIR model, and then we applied the AGIR model to elucidate how MBB might work.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2021CFB297)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2022A1515010563).
文摘Although it is becoming increasingly popular for organizations to offer programs of mind–body practices to their employees to improve their physical and mental health,the effects that after-work sessions of mind–body prac-tices have on employees’work behavior remain unclear.Using the model of proactive motivation and experience sampling,this study explored the relationship between employees’mind–body practices after work and their proactive behavior in the workplace on the following day.A multilevel path analysis of data from 82 employees over seven consecutive workdays showed that employees’mind–body practices after work had a positive effect on their proactive behavior in the workplace on the following day.The relationship was mediated by next-day high-activated positive affect and problem-solving confidence.Furthermore,job control positively moderated the rela-tionship between high-activated positive affect and proactive behavior but not that between problem-solving con-fidence and proactive behavior.We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of thesefindings,and propose future research directions.
文摘Recently we proposed “quantum language”, which was not only characterized as the metaphysical and linguistic turn of quantum mechanics but also the linguistic turn of Descartes = Kant epistemology. And further we believe that quantum language is the only scientifically successful theory in dualistic idealism. If this turn is regarded as progress in the history of western philosophy (i.e., if “philosophical progress” is defined by “approaching to quantum language”), we should study the linguistic mind-body problem more than the epistemological mind-body problem. In this paper, we show that to solve the mind-body problem and to propose “measurement axiom” in quantum language are equivalent. Since our approach is always within dualistic idealism, we believe that our linguistic answer is the only true solution to the mind-body problem.
文摘Objective: Factors affecting performance of archery are categorized into psychological, skill, and fitness perspectives. Increase in attention, relaxation and parasympathetic system activity is believed to enhance the shooting performance of archers during competition. This pilot study aims to investigate the effects of single-dose of Tai Chi practice on archer’s performance and the feasibility of an investigation protocol under a competition scenario. Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with a crossover study design. Pre- and post-intervention measurements were conducted to evaluate the effects of Tai Chi practice on the archer’s autonomic nervous system activity, attention and relaxation through electroencephalography investigation, and shooting performance when compared with stretching as control. Results: The protocol of the study was found to be feasible during a competition setting. No significant difference was detected in the outcome measures under the two intervention conditions. Participants after practicing Tai Chi were found to improve significantly in their shooting performance (p = 0.021). Conclusion: This pilot study showed that a real-time measurement of autonomic nervous system and brain wave activities in the competition field was feasible and it did not hinder the archers’ performance. There was a significant improvement observed in the shooting performance of archers after Tai Chi practice when compared with baseline. The findings of this pilot study provide the basis for the conduction of a larger RCT study to examine the potential beneficial effects of Tai Chi practice on archers.
基金funded through the West Virginia Nurses AssociationRosenthal-Riter Scholarship fund+1 种基金the West Virginia University School of Nursing RuthRobert Kuhn Nursing Research Foundation。
文摘Objectives:This study had two aims.Aim one is to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of using an aroma-based,self-managed intervention for adults in outpatient treatment for substance use disorder.Aim two is to examine the effects of a Citrus bergamia(Bergamot)essential oil intervention on the variables of comfort,ease,and stress.Methods:A randomized controlled trial was conducted(NCT05660434).Adults in treatment for substance use disorder were randomized to either control group(standard care)(n=55)or intervention group(standard care plus Citrus bergamia[Bergamot]essential oil intervention),three times a day for seven days(n=45).All data were analyzed using an intention-to-treat method.Outcomes were measured using valid and reliable measures.Results:One hundred participants were recruited over 11 months.Reasons for non or limited participation included feeling overwhelmed by the demands of treatment and everyday living.Data analysis showed psychological variable improvement with a significant increase in ease reported(P=0.022)and DASS-21 subscales for depression(P=0.007)and anxiety(P=0.013)in the intervention group.Postsatisfaction survey results were positive,with overall enjoyment,perception of the aroma,and intention to continue to use the aroma inhaler post-trial,which was high.Conclusions:Results from this study provide data to support the feasibility and acceptability of using essential oil via inhalation to help this population.Findings from this study will inform a more extensive study designed to examine effects within and between groups using a placebo.
文摘This paper provides a literature review of current studies investigating the effects of meditation and mind-body exercise on peripheral concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF),an important mediator of the neuroplasticity of the central nervous system and cognitive function.A literature search was conducted to collect currently published randomized controlled,non-randomized controlled and uncontrolled intervention studies.Fifteen studies were identified;and among these studies,seven were randomized controlled studies,three were non-randomized studies,and five were uncontrolled studies.Current limited evidence tends to support that mindfulness meditation and mind-body exercise(e.g.yoga and tai chi)increase circulating BDNF concentrations in healthy and diseased individuals.It is noteworthy that these findings are based on current studies with a relatively small sample size,or without a randomized controlled design.Further studies are needed to identify a definite effect of meditation or mind-body exercise on BDNF and its role in improving/maintaining brain functions in various populations.
基金the Major Project of National Social Science Fund of China“Contemporary Approaches to Personal Identity”(Grant No.18ZDA029).
文摘The crux of our encounter with the mind-body problem originates from a predicament on the underlying ontological level-from the category of concepts,it seems that the form for grasping the subjective aspects of the mind is incommensurable with the one for understanding the objective level of the brain.This is reflected in the fact that empirical expression is restricted by language,that psychological events cannot be incorporated into strict laws,and that the subject has a path that,with his own mental state,others cannot share.In order to make progress in cracking the mind-body problem,this paper tries to abandon the assumption that“psychology”and“physics”are mutually exclusive and are incompatible ontological categories.The“mind”and“body”are considered as two interchangeable yet non-coexisting perspectives.Therefore,events in the body are represented as conceptions in the mind,and have an expressive correspondence with one another.Meanwhile,the approach for achieving such correspondence involves the entity itself^the ability of the organism to perform purposeful activities constitutes the source of its internal activities.Through the connection of life categories-or rather,the coupling of living beings and their worlds-the mind and body maintain mechanisms which can be jointly realized.
文摘Tai Chi,a practice that combines elements of both exercise and mindfulness,offers a wide range of health benefits.The body of evidence concerning the impact of Tai Chi on diabetes has recently been growing.This editorial aims to provide a concise summary of the current state of evidence for Tai Chi's effects on individuals with type 2 diabetes(T2D).The review includes 3 randomized controlled trials(RCTs)and 5 systematic reviews and meta-analyses,all of which investigate the effectiveness of Tai Chi on various health outcomes in individuals with T2D.Tai Chi demonstrates a significant effect to enhance glycemic control,lower blood pressure,improve serum lipid profiles,reduce insulin resistance,positively influence obesity-related indices,and improve overall quality of life in individuals with T2D.However,it is noteworthy that recent RCTs have reported inconsistent findings regarding the effects of Tai Chi on glycemic control and insulin resistance.The author also delves into potential mechanisms by which Tai Chi may exert its influence on the human body.Finally,the editorial highlights the critical issues that warrant further exploration in the future.
文摘Background:Cognitive impairment is prevalent among older adults and results in degraded quality of life for older adults.As the population ages,this may cause a huge burden to society.Research has demonstrated that physical exercise is beneficial to cognitive function.The purpose of this meta-analysis was to critically assess the effect of Tai Chi exercise on global cognitive,executive,and memory functions in older adults.Methods:After a thorough electronic search and selection,eight studies were included in this meta-analysis with two cross-sectional and six intervention studies.Nine variables included in this meta-analysis were:mini mental status examination(MMSE),Alzheimer’s disease assessment scale-cognitive subscale(ADAS-cog),trailmaking test part A(TMA),trailmaking test part B(TMB),digit span test forward(DSF),digit span test backward(DSB),visual span test backward(VSB),verbal fluency test(VFT),and word delay recall test(WDR).The effect sizes and forest plots of these nine variables were generated.Results:Four(MMSE,DSB,VSB,and VFT)out of nine variables were significantly improved after Tai Chi exercise with the effect sizes ranged from 0.20 to 0.46(small to medium).MMSE represented global cognitive function,and DSB,VSB,and VFT represented memory function.Conclusion:Tai Chi as a mind-body exercise has the positive effects on global cognitive and memory functions,and more consistent positive effects were found on memory function,especially verbal working memory.
文摘Background: Autism spectrum disorder is a condition that affects all races, ethnic and socioeconomic groups. With a high incidenee ratio of one in every 68, it has become one of the most discussed psychiatric disorders. For this reason, the need for investigating novel treatments has been emerging. Qigong, a traditional Chinese mind-body technique, has already proven to be able to reduce symptoms of several physical and psychological illnesses. Objective: The purpose of this systematic review is to examine and categorize the current scientific evidence regarding the efficacy of Qigong on children suffering from autism spectrum disorders. Search strategy: A systematic literature search of the electronic scientific databases PubMed, Clinical Trials.gov, BioMed Central, PubMed Central and Google Scholar was performed to identify studies of Qigong in the treatment of children with autism spectrum disorder. Inclusion criteria: This review included randomized controlled trials, replication studies, retrospective studies and observational follow-up studies of Qigong on children with autism spectrum disorder. Case reports and case series were excluded. Data extraction and analysis: Two researchers independently evaluated the methodological quality of all included studies. Any discrepancies were solved by discussion until consensus was achieved. Results: Our literature search identified 157 publications, and 10 additional publications from hand search of references. After duplicate removal, 103 records remained. After the title/abstract screening, 19 publications were obtained for detailed evaluation. After detailed evaluation, 10 studies were included. Seven studies were conducted with small children with 2-6 years old employing Qigong massage, and three studies were con ducted with older children aged 7-17 years old applying both Qigong massage (one study) and Neigong (two studies). Conclusion: Studies demonstrated that Qigong has interesting and promising applicability and effect on children with autism spectrum disorder and should be tested further. Despite the need for more rigorous controlled studies, Qigong seems to be able to decrease severity of individual sensory, behavioural, and language components of autism, and improve self-control, sociability, sensory and cognitive awareness as well as healthy-physical behaviour. Besides positive effect on children and adolescents, benefits seem to extend to parents and caregivers as well. However, quality of methodology seems to be insufficient to state that Qigong is an alternative to common behavioural therapies. We suggest that, until more investigation is performed, Qigong may only be used as a complement, or when behavioural therapies are not accessible.
基金funded by Mentor Mentee Research Grant Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin(Uni SZA)(R0046-R001)。
文摘Obesity and overweight problems are serious global health issues today and despite many efforts,the prevalence has continued to rise for decades.Interestingly,hypnotherapy has been gaining recognition as an effective treatment for obesity and overweight problems.This review compiles contemporary scientific research on the effectiveness of hypnotherapy for weight reduction.Scopus,Pub Med and EBSCO Host databases were applied in the study.The search identified 119 articles,of which seven met the inclusion criteria.A total of 539 respondents(82.7%women and 17.3%men)between the ages of 17 and 67 years were represented in the seven studies.Most studies incorporated lifestyle changes,such as changes of dietary habit and behavioral recommendations in the hypnotic procedure.Their results suggested that the use of hypnotherapy not only promoted weight reduction during the treatment period but also after treatment cessation,and in some cases,one to ten kilograms were lost during follow-up periods.In addition,one study even showed increased physical activity among the hypnotised individuals.This use of hypnotherapy also improved respondents'eating behavior and quality of life.However,a definitive conclusion could not be drawn due to several methodological flaws and the limited number of published studies in this area.Therefore,further well-designed studies are needed to substantiate the effectiveness of hypnotherapy for this modern-day health problem.
文摘Whether a unified theory of everything(TOE)is possible or not is a philosophical question and yes or no can be chosen in a two-valued logic system.Currently the two schools are in conflict with each other.Based on the relativity of simultaneity axiom proposed in this paper,the present author suggests to use a midway philosophy to replace the present materialist philosophy for modern sciences;then this conflict together with many other conflicts among different theories such as classical mechanics(CM),general relativity(GR),and quantum mechanics(QM)can be solved and a unified theory of everything for the world we can observe can be constructed.In this paper,the axiomatic foundation for a TOE is proposed which contains six fundamental axioms.Various problems related to these foundational issues are discussed.It is hoped that the present paper might show a new promise and a new direction for TOE which would be helpful for the further development of modern sciences.
文摘Background: Given the limited benefits of current treatments for Parkinson’s disease (PD), inter-ventions that might provide supplementary benefits would be of value. The traditional Chinese medicine practice of Tai Chi has been said to improve some aspects of PD, particularly imbalance. Methods: Preliminary randomized, controlled, and rater-blinded clinical trial of Tai Chi, focusing on its effects on global motor, daily function, mood and quality of life. Subjects continued their standard medical therapy and were randomly assigned to Tai Chi (16 weekly classes, expert trainer, practice at home between classes) or no Tai Chi (control group) in a 2:1 ratio. The primary outcome measure was the total motor score of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and this was scored by an experienced rater who was blinded to the treatment assignment. The same rater scored the Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living Scale. The patient-completed Geriatric Depression Scale, PD (quality of life) Questionnaire-39, and fall diary were also analyzed. Results: 44 subjects participated with 29 assigned to Tai Chi and 15 serving as controls. Tai Chi was well-tolerated. Seven subjects withdrew prior to completion (2 from Tai Chi, 5 from control). We found no significant difference between treatment groups in the change in scores from baseline to end of intervention for any of the scales. Trends toward a benefit of Tai Chi were observed for individual UPDRS items (depression, finger tapping, hand movements, posture). Conclusions: Tai Chi does not appear to improve global measures in patients with PD. The practice may have benefits for PD, but these appear to be largely restricted to specific motor tasks and perhaps mood rather than being a global functional response. More study is needed to clarify and establish efficacy.
基金This work was supported by the“Construction of a Leading Innovation Team”project by the Hangzhou Municipal governmentthe startup funding of New-Joined PI of Westlake University with grant number(041030150118).
文摘Field is an essential concept for us to understand the physical phenomena in the universe.Since the field concept was proposed in electromagnetism during nineteenth century,the understanding of the field concept has experienced great changes.This paper re-examines the concept of field from its origin and evolution history,with the purpose of a better understanding of the concept in order to be used in our new general system theory to unify different theories.Our main conclusion is that the concept of field should not be regarded as an independent physical existence but a property of matter of both living and nonliving.Through a discussion on an isolated two-body system from the perspective of gravitational field,a psychic field is introduced to address the active force produced by living creatures with minds.
