Tensta-Rinkeby and Skarholmen are two suburbs of Stockholm which are characterized of a multi-ethnic and multi-religious population created by immigration during the last decades. Many of those living in Tensta-Rinkeb...Tensta-Rinkeby and Skarholmen are two suburbs of Stockholm which are characterized of a multi-ethnic and multi-religious population created by immigration during the last decades. Many of those living in Tensta-Rinkeby and Skaholmen are Muslims, and others are Christians-native Protestants or Catholic and Orthodox immigrants. This article presents data from interviews with Muslim and Christian informants, leaders as well as lay persons, on how they look upon each other across religious borders. The information is classified and interpreted according to models used by scholars in theology of religion. Some informants give vague answers due to the fact that issues of assessing beliefs of others are seldom treated in their churches and mosques. Articulated opinions can be classified from a replacement to an acceptance-model with a bulk of proponents for a fulfillment-model in the middle. Finally the article discusses the importance of how religious actors teach and act in multi-religious milieus.展开更多
Aim: To study the apoptotic rate (AR) and the androgen and estrogen milieu in the proximal and distal ductal sys-tems of prostate, in order to help exploring the effects of these factors on prostatic growth and the pa...Aim: To study the apoptotic rate (AR) and the androgen and estrogen milieu in the proximal and distal ductal sys-tems of prostate, in order to help exploring the effects of these factors on prostatic growth and the pathogenesis of be-nign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). Methods: The proximal and distal ends of the ductal system were incised from20 normal prostate as well as the hypertrophic prostate tissue from 20 patients with BPH. The AR was determined bythe DNA end-labeling method and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and estrodiol (E_2), by radioimmunoassay. Results:There was no significant difference in DHT and E_2 density between the proximal and distal ends of the ductal systems innormal prostate. E_2 appeared to be higher in BPH than in normal prostatic tissues, but the difference was statistically in-significant. In normal prostatic tissue, the AR was significantly higher in the distal than in the proximal ends of theductal system (P<0.05), while the AR of the proximal ends was significantly higher (P <0.01) than that in theBPH tissue. No significant correlation was noted between the DHT and E_2 density and the AR both in the normalprostate and BPH tissues. Conclusion: The paper is the first time describing a difference in AR in different regionsof the ductal system of normal prostate, while the hormonal milieu is similar, indicating a functional inhomogeneity ofthese regions. A low AR in the proximal duct, where BPH originates, and an even lower AR in the BPH tissue, sug-gesting the participation of apoptosis in the BPH pathogenesis.展开更多
Despite efforts in prevention and intensive care, trauma and subsequent sepsis are still associated with a high mortality rate. Traumatic injury remains the main cause of death in people younger than 45 years and is t...Despite efforts in prevention and intensive care, trauma and subsequent sepsis are still associated with a high mortality rate. Traumatic injury remains the main cause of death in people younger than 45 years and is thus a source of immense social and economic burden. In recent years, the knowledge concerning gender medicine has continuously increased. A number of studies have reported gender dimorphism in terms of response to trauma, shock and sepsis.However, the advantageous outcome following trauma-hemorrhage in females is not due only to sex. Rather, it is due to the prevailing hormonal milieu of the victim. In this respect, various experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated beneficial effects of estrogen for the central nervous system, the cardiopulmonary system, the liver, the kidneys, the immune system, and for the overall survival of the host. Nonetheless, there remains a gap between the bench and the bedside. This is most likely because clinical studies have not accounted for the estrus cycle. This review attempts to provide an overview of the current level of knowledge and highlights the most important organ systems responding to trauma, shock and sepsis. There continues to be a need for clinical studies on the prevailing hormonal milieu following trauma, shock and sepsis.展开更多
Hospital management in modern milieu has become patient oriented and good patient outcome is a result of effective and effi cient medical care along with provisions of hygienic food,clean linen,safe environment,congen...Hospital management in modern milieu has become patient oriented and good patient outcome is a result of effective and effi cient medical care along with provisions of hygienic food,clean linen,safe environment,congenial atmosphere and good interpersonal relationship.^[1]Laundry is one such important support service which ensures prevention as well as containment of hospital infections and is also a determining factor for maintenance of good image of a hospital[2].展开更多
This paper is preoccupied with the delineation of the dialectic of poverty and wealth in Festus Iyayi＇s Violence. The unbridled struggle between the bourgeois and the proletariat in the novel constitutes the onus of ...This paper is preoccupied with the delineation of the dialectic of poverty and wealth in Festus Iyayi＇s Violence. The unbridled struggle between the bourgeois and the proletariat in the novel constitutes the onus of the dialectical materialism which underlies an axiomatic focus of societal superstructure. An application of Kenneth Boulding＇s theory of protest to the Nigerian social milieu, poignantly reveals that there is a potent foregrounding of the class stratification between the rich and the poor. The paper will further examine how this dichotomy between the highly placed and the down trodden in the novel has graphically accentuated the poverty index in contemporary Nigeria.展开更多
Objective To compare the effects of autotransfusion and homologous transfusion on milieu interieur and secretion of erythropoietin (EPO). Methods Thirty patients aged 8-21 yr, undergoing surgical correction of kyphosc...Objective To compare the effects of autotransfusion and homologous transfusion on milieu interieur and secretion of erythropoietin (EPO). Methods Thirty patients aged 8-21 yr, undergoing surgical correction of kyphoscoliosis were randomly divided into two groups of fifteen:group A and group B. In group A patients received homologous transfusion during operation, while in group B shed blood was collected from operative field and after filtration RBCs were separated by a differential centrifugation and washed in normal saline and reinfused. Anesthesia was induced with fentanyl 2 μg· kg-1 ,propofol 1 mg·kg-1 and vecuronium 0.1 mg·kg-1 and maintained with inhalation of isoflurane and 50 % N2O in oxygen and intermittent iv boluses of vecuronium and fentanyl. Blood routine, blood gases, electrolytes, plasma osmotic pressure and activated clotting time (ACT) were measured before operation, 2 h after skin incision and at the end of surgery. Blood EPO concentration was measured before operation,at the end展开更多
G protein-coupled receptor 37(GPR37)is an orphan receptor predominantly expressed in the brain,particularly in oligodendrocytes and certain types of neurons.Notably,it has been shown that the N-terminal domain of GPR3...G protein-coupled receptor 37(GPR37)is an orphan receptor predominantly expressed in the brain,particularly in oligodendrocytes and certain types of neurons.Notably,it has been shown that the N-terminal domain of GPR37 undergoes proteolysis under normal physiological conditions,resulting in the formation of cleaved receptor forms and the release of its ectodomain(ecto-GPR37)into the extracellular milieu(Mattila et al.,2021).Importantly,ecto-GPR37 density is increased in cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)of patients suffering from sporadic Parkinson’s disease(PD),together with an abnormal GPR37 processing in post-mortem PD substantia nigra(Moratóet al.,2021;Figure 1A).展开更多
Radiotherapy(RT)serves as the primary treatment for solid tumors.Its potential to incite an immune response against tumors both locally and distally profoundly impacts clinical outcomes.However,RT may also promote the...Radiotherapy(RT)serves as the primary treatment for solid tumors.Its potential to incite an immune response against tumors both locally and distally profoundly impacts clinical outcomes.However,RT may also promote the accumulation of immunosuppressive cytokines and immunosuppressive cells,greatly impeding the activation of antitumor immune responses and substantially limiting the effectiveness of RT.Therefore,regulating post-RT immunosuppression to steer the immune milieu toward heightened activation potentially enhances RT's therapeutic potential.Cytokines,potent orchestrators of diverse cellular responses,play a pivotal role in regulating this immunosuppressive response.Identifying and promptly neutralizing early released immunosuppressive cytokines are a crucial development in augmenting RT's immunomodulatory effects.To this end,we conducted a screen of immunosuppressive cytokines following RT and identified macrophage colony-stimulating factor(MCSF)as an early up-regulated and persistent immune suppressor.Single-cell sequencing revealed that the main source of up-regulated McSF derived from tumor cells.Mechanistic exploration revealed that irradiation-dependent phosphorylation of the p65 protein facilitated its binding to the McSF gene promoter,enhancing transcription.Knockdown and chemical inhibitor experiments conclusively demonstrated that suppressing tumor cell-derived McSF amplifies RT's immune-activating effects,with optimal results achieved by early MCSF blockade after irradiation.Additionally,we validated that MCSF acted on macrophages,inducing the secretion of a large number of inhibitory cytokines.In summary,we propose a novel approach to enhance the immune activation effects of RT by blocking the MCSF-CSF1R signaling pathway early after irradiation.展开更多
Hydropower,an immaculate carbon-neutral source of renewable energy,ranks as China's third largest energy sector.The hydropower development presents both positive and negative environmental externalities.The exploi...Hydropower,an immaculate carbon-neutral source of renewable energy,ranks as China's third largest energy sector.The hydropower development presents both positive and negative environmental externalities.The exploitation of water resources yields adverse implications on the hydrological environment,aquatic ecology,terrestrial ecology,and local climate fluctuations.The transformation of the river basin water environment reflects not merely the direct impact and environmental degradation ensuing from hydropower exploitation,but also the environmental precipitators and triggers of aquatic ecological imbalance,terrestrial ecological destruction,and local climate alterations.China's prevailing constitution and fundamental laws anchor a legal bedrock for China's economic progression and ecological preservation,culminating in a nascent water legal standard system underpinned by the“four water laws”.Guided by the legislative rationale of comprehensive watershed management,watershed laws such as the Yangtze River Protection Law and the Yellow River Protection Law orchestrate the design and cooperative governance of paramount rivers like the Yellow River and the Yangtze River,infusing the essence of judicious laws and chartering pathways for prudent governance geared towards watershed conservation.The formulation of critical legislation to protect the environmental integrity of key river basins that are undergoing hydropower development,the enhancement of the environmental impact assessment infrastructure for hydropower development,and the scientific orchestration of river basin ecological flow arrangements and river basin ecological environment partition control systems all serve to circumvent and respond to the impacts on the ecological environment in river basins,thereby offering robust legal fortification for the ecological environment in river basins.展开更多
文摘Tensta-Rinkeby and Skarholmen are two suburbs of Stockholm which are characterized of a multi-ethnic and multi-religious population created by immigration during the last decades. Many of those living in Tensta-Rinkeby and Skaholmen are Muslims, and others are Christians-native Protestants or Catholic and Orthodox immigrants. This article presents data from interviews with Muslim and Christian informants, leaders as well as lay persons, on how they look upon each other across religious borders. The information is classified and interpreted according to models used by scholars in theology of religion. Some informants give vague answers due to the fact that issues of assessing beliefs of others are seldom treated in their churches and mosques. Articulated opinions can be classified from a replacement to an acceptance-model with a bulk of proponents for a fulfillment-model in the middle. Finally the article discusses the importance of how religious actors teach and act in multi-religious milieus.
文摘Aim: To study the apoptotic rate (AR) and the androgen and estrogen milieu in the proximal and distal ductal sys-tems of prostate, in order to help exploring the effects of these factors on prostatic growth and the pathogenesis of be-nign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). Methods: The proximal and distal ends of the ductal system were incised from20 normal prostate as well as the hypertrophic prostate tissue from 20 patients with BPH. The AR was determined bythe DNA end-labeling method and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and estrodiol (E_2), by radioimmunoassay. Results:There was no significant difference in DHT and E_2 density between the proximal and distal ends of the ductal systems innormal prostate. E_2 appeared to be higher in BPH than in normal prostatic tissues, but the difference was statistically in-significant. In normal prostatic tissue, the AR was significantly higher in the distal than in the proximal ends of theductal system (P<0.05), while the AR of the proximal ends was significantly higher (P <0.01) than that in theBPH tissue. No significant correlation was noted between the DHT and E_2 density and the AR both in the normalprostate and BPH tissues. Conclusion: The paper is the first time describing a difference in AR in different regionsof the ductal system of normal prostate, while the hormonal milieu is similar, indicating a functional inhomogeneity ofthese regions. A low AR in the proximal duct, where BPH originates, and an even lower AR in the BPH tissue, sug-gesting the participation of apoptosis in the BPH pathogenesis.
文摘Despite efforts in prevention and intensive care, trauma and subsequent sepsis are still associated with a high mortality rate. Traumatic injury remains the main cause of death in people younger than 45 years and is thus a source of immense social and economic burden. In recent years, the knowledge concerning gender medicine has continuously increased. A number of studies have reported gender dimorphism in terms of response to trauma, shock and sepsis.However, the advantageous outcome following trauma-hemorrhage in females is not due only to sex. Rather, it is due to the prevailing hormonal milieu of the victim. In this respect, various experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated beneficial effects of estrogen for the central nervous system, the cardiopulmonary system, the liver, the kidneys, the immune system, and for the overall survival of the host. Nonetheless, there remains a gap between the bench and the bedside. This is most likely because clinical studies have not accounted for the estrus cycle. This review attempts to provide an overview of the current level of knowledge and highlights the most important organ systems responding to trauma, shock and sepsis. There continues to be a need for clinical studies on the prevailing hormonal milieu following trauma, shock and sepsis.
文摘Hospital management in modern milieu has become patient oriented and good patient outcome is a result of effective and effi cient medical care along with provisions of hygienic food,clean linen,safe environment,congenial atmosphere and good interpersonal relationship.^[1]Laundry is one such important support service which ensures prevention as well as containment of hospital infections and is also a determining factor for maintenance of good image of a hospital[2].
文摘This paper is preoccupied with the delineation of the dialectic of poverty and wealth in Festus Iyayi＇s Violence. The unbridled struggle between the bourgeois and the proletariat in the novel constitutes the onus of the dialectical materialism which underlies an axiomatic focus of societal superstructure. An application of Kenneth Boulding＇s theory of protest to the Nigerian social milieu, poignantly reveals that there is a potent foregrounding of the class stratification between the rich and the poor. The paper will further examine how this dichotomy between the highly placed and the down trodden in the novel has graphically accentuated the poverty index in contemporary Nigeria.
文摘Objective To compare the effects of autotransfusion and homologous transfusion on milieu interieur and secretion of erythropoietin (EPO). Methods Thirty patients aged 8-21 yr, undergoing surgical correction of kyphoscoliosis were randomly divided into two groups of fifteen:group A and group B. In group A patients received homologous transfusion during operation, while in group B shed blood was collected from operative field and after filtration RBCs were separated by a differential centrifugation and washed in normal saline and reinfused. Anesthesia was induced with fentanyl 2 μg· kg-1 ,propofol 1 mg·kg-1 and vecuronium 0.1 mg·kg-1 and maintained with inhalation of isoflurane and 50 % N2O in oxygen and intermittent iv boluses of vecuronium and fentanyl. Blood routine, blood gases, electrolytes, plasma osmotic pressure and activated clotting time (ACT) were measured before operation, 2 h after skin incision and at the end of surgery. Blood EPO concentration was measured before operation,at the end
基金FEDER/Ministerio de Ciencia,Innovacióny Universidades-Agencia Estatal de Investigación(PID2023-147425OB-I00 to FC)Agència de Gestiód’Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca(AGAUR)-Generalitat de Catalunya(2021 SGR 00698 to FC).
文摘G protein-coupled receptor 37(GPR37)is an orphan receptor predominantly expressed in the brain,particularly in oligodendrocytes and certain types of neurons.Notably,it has been shown that the N-terminal domain of GPR37 undergoes proteolysis under normal physiological conditions,resulting in the formation of cleaved receptor forms and the release of its ectodomain(ecto-GPR37)into the extracellular milieu(Mattila et al.,2021).Importantly,ecto-GPR37 density is increased in cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)of patients suffering from sporadic Parkinson’s disease(PD),together with an abnormal GPR37 processing in post-mortem PD substantia nigra(Moratóet al.,2021;Figure 1A).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.82102931,82330085,82073354,and 82102201)Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory Open Project Fund for Precision Radiotherapy in Oncology(grant no.jzfs001).
文摘Radiotherapy(RT)serves as the primary treatment for solid tumors.Its potential to incite an immune response against tumors both locally and distally profoundly impacts clinical outcomes.However,RT may also promote the accumulation of immunosuppressive cytokines and immunosuppressive cells,greatly impeding the activation of antitumor immune responses and substantially limiting the effectiveness of RT.Therefore,regulating post-RT immunosuppression to steer the immune milieu toward heightened activation potentially enhances RT's therapeutic potential.Cytokines,potent orchestrators of diverse cellular responses,play a pivotal role in regulating this immunosuppressive response.Identifying and promptly neutralizing early released immunosuppressive cytokines are a crucial development in augmenting RT's immunomodulatory effects.To this end,we conducted a screen of immunosuppressive cytokines following RT and identified macrophage colony-stimulating factor(MCSF)as an early up-regulated and persistent immune suppressor.Single-cell sequencing revealed that the main source of up-regulated McSF derived from tumor cells.Mechanistic exploration revealed that irradiation-dependent phosphorylation of the p65 protein facilitated its binding to the McSF gene promoter,enhancing transcription.Knockdown and chemical inhibitor experiments conclusively demonstrated that suppressing tumor cell-derived McSF amplifies RT's immune-activating effects,with optimal results achieved by early MCSF blockade after irradiation.Additionally,we validated that MCSF acted on macrophages,inducing the secretion of a large number of inhibitory cytokines.In summary,we propose a novel approach to enhance the immune activation effects of RT by blocking the MCSF-CSF1R signaling pathway early after irradiation.
文摘Hydropower,an immaculate carbon-neutral source of renewable energy,ranks as China's third largest energy sector.The hydropower development presents both positive and negative environmental externalities.The exploitation of water resources yields adverse implications on the hydrological environment,aquatic ecology,terrestrial ecology,and local climate fluctuations.The transformation of the river basin water environment reflects not merely the direct impact and environmental degradation ensuing from hydropower exploitation,but also the environmental precipitators and triggers of aquatic ecological imbalance,terrestrial ecological destruction,and local climate alterations.China's prevailing constitution and fundamental laws anchor a legal bedrock for China's economic progression and ecological preservation,culminating in a nascent water legal standard system underpinned by the“four water laws”.Guided by the legislative rationale of comprehensive watershed management,watershed laws such as the Yangtze River Protection Law and the Yellow River Protection Law orchestrate the design and cooperative governance of paramount rivers like the Yellow River and the Yangtze River,infusing the essence of judicious laws and chartering pathways for prudent governance geared towards watershed conservation.The formulation of critical legislation to protect the environmental integrity of key river basins that are undergoing hydropower development,the enhancement of the environmental impact assessment infrastructure for hydropower development,and the scientific orchestration of river basin ecological flow arrangements and river basin ecological environment partition control systems all serve to circumvent and respond to the impacts on the ecological environment in river basins,thereby offering robust legal fortification for the ecological environment in river basins.
