In 2019,China had over 13.14 million dementia cases,with incidence rates of(56.47–207.08)/100,000[1].Early cognitive impairment—a key dementia symptom—reduces quality of life,increases care dependence,and lowers su...In 2019,China had over 13.14 million dementia cases,with incidence rates of(56.47–207.08)/100,000[1].Early cognitive impairment—a key dementia symptom—reduces quality of life,increases care dependence,and lowers survival in older adults[2].A decline in physical function can also be observed in older adults with increasing age.Grip strength has been shown to be a marker of overall physiological function in older adults.展开更多
During the past 40 years following the reform and opening-up policy of 1978,China’s social structure has seen great changes,which include the birth and rapid development of the Chinese middle class as a derivative an...During the past 40 years following the reform and opening-up policy of 1978,China’s social structure has seen great changes,which include the birth and rapid development of the Chinese middle class as a derivative and consequence of modernization.They are the main source of consumption in contemporary China and display unique characteristics in their consumption practices.Consumption is not only a daily practice,but also a means of demonstrating and forming identity.In this media era,media play an important role in people’s consumption practices and identity formation.In this study,semi-structured interviews were carried out with members of the Chinese middle class to study the relationship between consumption,identity,and media through their oral accounts.Moreover,problems,including the characteristics of middle-class consumption practices and how they use consumption to form identity,were analyzed.This study not only complements studies on the sociology of consumption of the Chinese middle class,but also is of great practical significance for deepening our understanding of the behavioral and ideological characteristics of the Chinese middle class.展开更多
The concept of life aesthetics reflects an individual’s cry for life and pursuit of beauty,inspiring individuals to discover their spiritual home,sense their poetic habitat,and enjoy the beauty of life flowing from t...The concept of life aesthetics reflects an individual’s cry for life and pursuit of beauty,inspiring individuals to discover their spiritual home,sense their poetic habitat,and enjoy the beauty of life flowing from their fingertips.Chinese education,viewed through the lens of life aesthetics,is founded on the natural characteristics of life,stimulating the aesthetic sense of individual life through the allure of language,and teaching students to view life through the aesthetic lens as well as from an understanding of life’s essence.Teachers and students are required to take an aesthetic view of life as theoretical guidance,based on core Chinese literacy,with textbook contents serving as carriers and classroom instruction as the position,closely connected to students’actual lives,in order to help stimulate aesthetic experience among students,improve their aesthetic ability through aesthetic activities,and thus establish a correct view of life.展开更多
"Read the whole book" that is, reading a book in its entirety. In junior high school Chinese classroom teaching, the teaching of reading classics after class in its entirety should be made into a curriculum...."Read the whole book" that is, reading a book in its entirety. In junior high school Chinese classroom teaching, the teaching of reading classics after class in its entirety should be made into a curriculum. The unified edition of junior high school Chinese classics reading teaching should proceed from students' reality and implement classics reading teaching. The reading teaching of the unified edition junior high school Chinese classics should use the special topic inquiry method, the expansion reading method and the method of writing to promote reading, so that the students can truly enter the world of the whole book.展开更多
Professional learning communities(PLCs)have seen a rapid spread all around the world over the past 30 years.Since then it has been proved that they can improve teaching quality and thereby the achievement of students,...Professional learning communities(PLCs)have seen a rapid spread all around the world over the past 30 years.Since then it has been proved that they can improve teaching quality and thereby the achievement of students,and so PLCs have attracted increasing attention especially from education systems.In China,PLCs have been developed vigorously within schools since the implementation of the‘New Curriculum Reform’in 2000.However,the west has paid scant attention to and were not familiar with them since most research in this field in China was published in Chinese.Furthermore,PLCs are influenced by contextual and cultural factors,and therefore PLCs in Chinese education systems are different from those in Anglo-American settings due to long-standing cultural differences,which require consideration.Therefore,this research will investigate the PLCs in China that may be of interest.Many recent studies have shown that,although PLCs have made significant progress in Chinese urban middle schools through the enthusiastic efforts of educators and scholars,there are still several barriers.The primary purpose of this research is to review the development of PLCs and additionally to analyse the challenges faced by the principals.展开更多
With the in-depth development of education reform, the development concept of cultivating students' core quality has become one of the key points of modern education. As a basic subject of knowledge learning in ju...With the in-depth development of education reform, the development concept of cultivating students' core quality has become one of the key points of modern education. As a basic subject of knowledge learning in junior high school education, Chinese is of great significance to students' cognitive development, cultural quality and thinking construction. However, in the actual teaching development, most teachers lack the cultivation of students' inner quality, and pay too much attention to the "filling" education of students' knowledge and skills, which leads to the unbalanced development of students' comprehensive quality. Therefore, in view of this problem, the author of this paper combined with his own teaching experience to carry out a research on the cultivation of Chinese and English core literacy in junior middle school.展开更多
In the context of the integration of Zunyi culture and tourism, it is the task of teachers in the new era to carry forward the excellent national culture. Teachers use the survey method to analyze the situation of Zun...In the context of the integration of Zunyi culture and tourism, it is the task of teachers in the new era to carry forward the excellent national culture. Teachers use the survey method to analyze the situation of Zunyi traditional culture, understand the current situation and influencing factors of excellent national culture in its development process, and analyze the identification problem of inheritance and protection, the leader of protection, the main content and the path of inheritance and protection in the development of Zunyi cultural tourism. Teachers believe that the inheritance and protection strategies in the process of developing and utilizing excellent national culture can be used for reference. Through junior high school Chinese classroom, we can promote the development of excellent culture, which can promote junior high school Chinese education.展开更多
Junior high school is the key stage of students' growth, and it is also the golden stage of cultivating students' good learning ability and good habits. Junior high school Chinese is a typical humanity, which ...Junior high school is the key stage of students' growth, and it is also the golden stage of cultivating students' good learning ability and good habits. Junior high school Chinese is a typical humanity, which contains rich human resources. It helps students to fully understand the culture of the motherland and further broaden their knowledge. However, due to the arrival of the information age, fragmented knowledge continuously impacts the traditional culture, which results in a significant drop in attention to the traditional culture. In this regard, junior high school Chinese teachers should construct a big Chinese teaching concept, deeply study the traditional Chinese culture in Chinese teaching materials, and lead students to realize the spirit of Chinese excellent traditional culture. Next, this paper focuses on the penetration of cultural education in junior high school Chinese teaching.展开更多
With the development of reform and open policy, foreign languages become more and moreuseful. And how to teach a foreign language is an important matter. A lot of methods of teaching foreign languages have been develo...With the development of reform and open policy, foreign languages become more and moreuseful. And how to teach a foreign language is an important matter. A lot of methods of teaching foreign languages have been developed. There’re grammar-trans-lation method, direct method, audio-lingual method, communicative method, etc. In this paper I in-展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To identify prognostic factors in middle-aged and elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia(CAP) who underwent integrated interventions involving traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and modern medicin...OBJECTIVE:To identify prognostic factors in middle-aged and elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia(CAP) who underwent integrated interventions involving traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and modern medicine.METHODS:Patients aged ≥45 years and diagnosed with CAP were divided into a middle-aged cohort(45-59 years) and an elderly cohort(≥60 years),and clinical data comprising 75 predictor variables in seven classes were collected.After replacing missing data,calibrating multicenter differences and classifYing quantitative data,univariate and multivariate analysis were performed.RESULTS:On multivariate analysis,eight independent risk factors-respiration rate,C reactive protein(CRP),cost of hospitalization,anemia,gasping,confusion,moist rales and pneumonia severity index(PSI)-were correlated with the outcome "not cured" in the elderly cohort.Nine factors-neutrophil percentage(Neu%),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),time to clinical stability,appetite,anemia,confusion,being retired or unemployed,Gram-negative bacterial infection and educational level-were correlated with not cured in the middle-aged cohort.CONCLUSION:Independent predictive risk factors correlated with adverse outcomes in elderly patients were higher respiration rate,CRP≥four times the mean or median for the patient's center,cost of hospitalization>11,323 RMB and PSI>II,plus anemia,gasping,confusion and moist rales;those in middle-aged patients were higher Neu%,BUN≥mean or median,loss of appetite,anemia,confusion,being retired or unemployed and lower educational level.Gram-negative bacterial infection and time to clinical stability>9 days were protective factors.展开更多
At present, the continuous advancement of domestic educational reform makes junior high school Chinese education constantly adjust its teaching thinking. Teachers need to renew educational concepts and attach more imp...At present, the continuous advancement of domestic educational reform makes junior high school Chinese education constantly adjust its teaching thinking. Teachers need to renew educational concepts and attach more importance to the cultivation of students humanistic quality. Under the integration of junior high school reading teaching and writing teaching, reading is the foundation, while writing is an extension and extension. Teachers can take the text as the basic carrier, reasonably set the writing content, and promote the organic integration of the two. This can not only cultivate the students expression ability, but also improve the students Chinese literacy, and achieve a win-win goal.展开更多
Under the background of modern education, diversified teaching has changed the traditional educational concept as the current junior high school Chinese teaching combines modern educational concept, uses modern inform...Under the background of modern education, diversified teaching has changed the traditional educational concept as the current junior high school Chinese teaching combines modern educational concept, uses modern information technology and carries out teaching in various ways. Chinese teaching in junior high school is different from "listening, speaking, reading and writing" in primary school, and is not as profound as in senior high school. It is in the stage of strengthening foundation and transition from primary school to senior high school. The use of diversified teaching methods in junior high school Chinese teaching can not only improve students' learning enthusiasm, but also make students' thinking more active, which helps students to lay a solid foundation and improve their Chinese literacy. This paper mainly discusses the diversified teaching strategies in junior high school Chinese teaching.展开更多
With the continuous deepening of the new curriculum reform, China's education and teaching has undergone tremendous changes, especially in the introduction of the double reduction policy, making the voice of "...With the continuous deepening of the new curriculum reform, China's education and teaching has undergone tremendous changes, especially in the introduction of the double reduction policy, making the voice of "reducing the burden and increasing the efficiency" higher and higher. As an important part of the junior high school teaching system, this point is no exception. Based on this, how to realize the "burden reduction and increase efficiency" of junior high school Chinese teaching has become an urgent problem for the majority of teaching workers at the present stage. The following closely follow the above topics, first analyze the significance of "reducing burden and increasing efficiency" of junior high school Chinese teaching under the new curriculum reform, and then explore the strategy of "reducing burden and increasing efficiency" of junior high school Chinese teaching, hoping to provide favorable reference.展开更多
In the process of establishing a Chinese discourse system for Middle East studies,the following fundamental factors should be taken into consideration.The guideline should be the mainstream of Chinese humanistic philo...In the process of establishing a Chinese discourse system for Middle East studies,the following fundamental factors should be taken into consideration.The guideline should be the mainstream of Chinese humanistic philosophy.Unlike the commanding and thrusting discourse systems of the US and some European countries,the Chinese discourse system highlights equality in communication It is likely to be more popular with the Islamic countries in the Middle East and therefore receive serious concern and should be cherished by the Chinese academicians of Middle East studies.We should pay attention to all the documents and materials from the research topic,attaching great importance to referencing documents and materials from abroad as well as the established terminology and translated terms of the Chinese Muslims,which are different from those in Protestant Christianity or Catholic Christianity.We should also follow the current spirit in the process of establishing a Chinese discourse system for Middle East studies.In the background of economic globalization,the themes of the times emphasize peace and development and the trend of democratization of international relations.In analyzing the contradiction between the US and the Islamic world,we should consider their interpretation of the present spirit and their disparities because it relates to their core values.The study of how to establish a discourse system for Middle East studies in China,a socialist country,is actually one part of the study of the essence of socialism with“Chinese characteristics.”展开更多
From crisis management to the overall planning,China’s response to the unrest in the Middle East has achieved great success.Today China must understand the influence of the unrest in the Middle East by taking the ove...From crisis management to the overall planning,China’s response to the unrest in the Middle East has achieved great success.Today China must understand the influence of the unrest in the Middle East by taking the overall international and domestic situations into consideration,namely,understanding its influence as’’tests in the external environment’’and the changes it causes to the international setting of China;China must review its experiences of coping with the unrest in the Middle East and correct any flaws in its present policies;China must work out scientific,mid-and long-term strategies for the Middle East and corresponding measures.In particular,she should better its understanding of the strategic position of the Middle East and enhance her participation in the Middle Eastern affairs while adhering to its traditional diplomatic principles.展开更多
The international system is at a historical moment of renewal.As the unipolar order declines,various forces are rising,among which China has already become an important force in constructing a new world order.Quiet bu...The international system is at a historical moment of renewal.As the unipolar order declines,various forces are rising,among which China has already become an important force in constructing a new world order.Quiet but revolutionary changes have occurred in China's diplomatic philosophy and practices as the country becomes more deeply ingrained into the international system.Under the background of great changes,the political situation in the Middle East has also quietly changed..With the weakening of the impact of external forces,many new energies in this region are coming to life.The future development of relations between European and United States powers,and their policy changes will bring a far-reaching impact on the political situation in the Middle East.China's diplomacy in the Middle East will become more active and aggressive.Meanwhile,China will concentrate more on the multi-lateral cooperation and its co-ordination with Europe and United States.展开更多
From crisis management to the overall planning,China’s response to the unrest in the Middle East has achieved great success.Today China must understand the influence of the unrest in the Middle East by taking the ove...From crisis management to the overall planning,China’s response to the unrest in the Middle East has achieved great success.Today China must understand the influence of the unrest in the Middle East by taking the overall international and domestic situations into consideration,namely,understanding its influence as’’tests in the external environment’’and the changes it causes to the international setting of China;China must review its experiences of coping with the unrest in the Middle East and correct any flaws in its present policies;China must work out scientific,mid-and long-term strategies for the Middle East and corresponding measures.In particular,she should better its understanding of the strategic position of the Middle East and enhance her participation in Middle Eastern affairs while adhering to its traditional diplomatic principles.展开更多
基金supported by the Shanghai New Three-year Action Plan for Public Health(Grant No.GWV-10.1-XK16)the US National Institute on Aging(RO1-AGO34479).
文摘In 2019,China had over 13.14 million dementia cases,with incidence rates of(56.47–207.08)/100,000[1].Early cognitive impairment—a key dementia symptom—reduces quality of life,increases care dependence,and lowers survival in older adults[2].A decline in physical function can also be observed in older adults with increasing age.Grip strength has been shown to be a marker of overall physiological function in older adults.
文摘During the past 40 years following the reform and opening-up policy of 1978,China’s social structure has seen great changes,which include the birth and rapid development of the Chinese middle class as a derivative and consequence of modernization.They are the main source of consumption in contemporary China and display unique characteristics in their consumption practices.Consumption is not only a daily practice,but also a means of demonstrating and forming identity.In this media era,media play an important role in people’s consumption practices and identity formation.In this study,semi-structured interviews were carried out with members of the Chinese middle class to study the relationship between consumption,identity,and media through their oral accounts.Moreover,problems,including the characteristics of middle-class consumption practices and how they use consumption to form identity,were analyzed.This study not only complements studies on the sociology of consumption of the Chinese middle class,but also is of great practical significance for deepening our understanding of the behavioral and ideological characteristics of the Chinese middle class.
文摘The concept of life aesthetics reflects an individual’s cry for life and pursuit of beauty,inspiring individuals to discover their spiritual home,sense their poetic habitat,and enjoy the beauty of life flowing from their fingertips.Chinese education,viewed through the lens of life aesthetics,is founded on the natural characteristics of life,stimulating the aesthetic sense of individual life through the allure of language,and teaching students to view life through the aesthetic lens as well as from an understanding of life’s essence.Teachers and students are required to take an aesthetic view of life as theoretical guidance,based on core Chinese literacy,with textbook contents serving as carriers and classroom instruction as the position,closely connected to students’actual lives,in order to help stimulate aesthetic experience among students,improve their aesthetic ability through aesthetic activities,and thus establish a correct view of life.
文摘"Read the whole book" that is, reading a book in its entirety. In junior high school Chinese classroom teaching, the teaching of reading classics after class in its entirety should be made into a curriculum. The unified edition of junior high school Chinese classics reading teaching should proceed from students' reality and implement classics reading teaching. The reading teaching of the unified edition junior high school Chinese classics should use the special topic inquiry method, the expansion reading method and the method of writing to promote reading, so that the students can truly enter the world of the whole book.
文摘Professional learning communities(PLCs)have seen a rapid spread all around the world over the past 30 years.Since then it has been proved that they can improve teaching quality and thereby the achievement of students,and so PLCs have attracted increasing attention especially from education systems.In China,PLCs have been developed vigorously within schools since the implementation of the‘New Curriculum Reform’in 2000.However,the west has paid scant attention to and were not familiar with them since most research in this field in China was published in Chinese.Furthermore,PLCs are influenced by contextual and cultural factors,and therefore PLCs in Chinese education systems are different from those in Anglo-American settings due to long-standing cultural differences,which require consideration.Therefore,this research will investigate the PLCs in China that may be of interest.Many recent studies have shown that,although PLCs have made significant progress in Chinese urban middle schools through the enthusiastic efforts of educators and scholars,there are still several barriers.The primary purpose of this research is to review the development of PLCs and additionally to analyse the challenges faced by the principals.
文摘With the in-depth development of education reform, the development concept of cultivating students' core quality has become one of the key points of modern education. As a basic subject of knowledge learning in junior high school education, Chinese is of great significance to students' cognitive development, cultural quality and thinking construction. However, in the actual teaching development, most teachers lack the cultivation of students' inner quality, and pay too much attention to the "filling" education of students' knowledge and skills, which leads to the unbalanced development of students' comprehensive quality. Therefore, in view of this problem, the author of this paper combined with his own teaching experience to carry out a research on the cultivation of Chinese and English core literacy in junior middle school.
文摘In the context of the integration of Zunyi culture and tourism, it is the task of teachers in the new era to carry forward the excellent national culture. Teachers use the survey method to analyze the situation of Zunyi traditional culture, understand the current situation and influencing factors of excellent national culture in its development process, and analyze the identification problem of inheritance and protection, the leader of protection, the main content and the path of inheritance and protection in the development of Zunyi cultural tourism. Teachers believe that the inheritance and protection strategies in the process of developing and utilizing excellent national culture can be used for reference. Through junior high school Chinese classroom, we can promote the development of excellent culture, which can promote junior high school Chinese education.
文摘Junior high school is the key stage of students' growth, and it is also the golden stage of cultivating students' good learning ability and good habits. Junior high school Chinese is a typical humanity, which contains rich human resources. It helps students to fully understand the culture of the motherland and further broaden their knowledge. However, due to the arrival of the information age, fragmented knowledge continuously impacts the traditional culture, which results in a significant drop in attention to the traditional culture. In this regard, junior high school Chinese teachers should construct a big Chinese teaching concept, deeply study the traditional Chinese culture in Chinese teaching materials, and lead students to realize the spirit of Chinese excellent traditional culture. Next, this paper focuses on the penetration of cultural education in junior high school Chinese teaching.
文摘With the development of reform and open policy, foreign languages become more and moreuseful. And how to teach a foreign language is an important matter. A lot of methods of teaching foreign languages have been developed. There’re grammar-trans-lation method, direct method, audio-lingual method, communicative method, etc. In this paper I in-
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program(973 Program) [No.2006CB504605]the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Universities in Henan Province (No.2006HANCET-05)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To identify prognostic factors in middle-aged and elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia(CAP) who underwent integrated interventions involving traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and modern medicine.METHODS:Patients aged ≥45 years and diagnosed with CAP were divided into a middle-aged cohort(45-59 years) and an elderly cohort(≥60 years),and clinical data comprising 75 predictor variables in seven classes were collected.After replacing missing data,calibrating multicenter differences and classifYing quantitative data,univariate and multivariate analysis were performed.RESULTS:On multivariate analysis,eight independent risk factors-respiration rate,C reactive protein(CRP),cost of hospitalization,anemia,gasping,confusion,moist rales and pneumonia severity index(PSI)-were correlated with the outcome "not cured" in the elderly cohort.Nine factors-neutrophil percentage(Neu%),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),time to clinical stability,appetite,anemia,confusion,being retired or unemployed,Gram-negative bacterial infection and educational level-were correlated with not cured in the middle-aged cohort.CONCLUSION:Independent predictive risk factors correlated with adverse outcomes in elderly patients were higher respiration rate,CRP≥four times the mean or median for the patient's center,cost of hospitalization>11,323 RMB and PSI>II,plus anemia,gasping,confusion and moist rales;those in middle-aged patients were higher Neu%,BUN≥mean or median,loss of appetite,anemia,confusion,being retired or unemployed and lower educational level.Gram-negative bacterial infection and time to clinical stability>9 days were protective factors.
文摘At present, the continuous advancement of domestic educational reform makes junior high school Chinese education constantly adjust its teaching thinking. Teachers need to renew educational concepts and attach more importance to the cultivation of students humanistic quality. Under the integration of junior high school reading teaching and writing teaching, reading is the foundation, while writing is an extension and extension. Teachers can take the text as the basic carrier, reasonably set the writing content, and promote the organic integration of the two. This can not only cultivate the students expression ability, but also improve the students Chinese literacy, and achieve a win-win goal.
文摘Under the background of modern education, diversified teaching has changed the traditional educational concept as the current junior high school Chinese teaching combines modern educational concept, uses modern information technology and carries out teaching in various ways. Chinese teaching in junior high school is different from "listening, speaking, reading and writing" in primary school, and is not as profound as in senior high school. It is in the stage of strengthening foundation and transition from primary school to senior high school. The use of diversified teaching methods in junior high school Chinese teaching can not only improve students' learning enthusiasm, but also make students' thinking more active, which helps students to lay a solid foundation and improve their Chinese literacy. This paper mainly discusses the diversified teaching strategies in junior high school Chinese teaching.
文摘With the continuous deepening of the new curriculum reform, China's education and teaching has undergone tremendous changes, especially in the introduction of the double reduction policy, making the voice of "reducing the burden and increasing the efficiency" higher and higher. As an important part of the junior high school teaching system, this point is no exception. Based on this, how to realize the "burden reduction and increase efficiency" of junior high school Chinese teaching has become an urgent problem for the majority of teaching workers at the present stage. The following closely follow the above topics, first analyze the significance of "reducing burden and increasing efficiency" of junior high school Chinese teaching under the new curriculum reform, and then explore the strategy of "reducing burden and increasing efficiency" of junior high school Chinese teaching, hoping to provide favorable reference.
基金financed by Fund for Key Disciplines of Shanghai(B702)and Stage III of“211”Project operated by the Ministry of Education,PRC.
文摘In the process of establishing a Chinese discourse system for Middle East studies,the following fundamental factors should be taken into consideration.The guideline should be the mainstream of Chinese humanistic philosophy.Unlike the commanding and thrusting discourse systems of the US and some European countries,the Chinese discourse system highlights equality in communication It is likely to be more popular with the Islamic countries in the Middle East and therefore receive serious concern and should be cherished by the Chinese academicians of Middle East studies.We should pay attention to all the documents and materials from the research topic,attaching great importance to referencing documents and materials from abroad as well as the established terminology and translated terms of the Chinese Muslims,which are different from those in Protestant Christianity or Catholic Christianity.We should also follow the current spirit in the process of establishing a Chinese discourse system for Middle East studies.In the background of economic globalization,the themes of the times emphasize peace and development and the trend of democratization of international relations.In analyzing the contradiction between the US and the Islamic world,we should consider their interpretation of the present spirit and their disparities because it relates to their core values.The study of how to establish a discourse system for Middle East studies in China,a socialist country,is actually one part of the study of the essence of socialism with“Chinese characteristics.”
基金This research is the product of the Chinese Educational Ministry program“Islamic Elements in Contemporary Middle East International Relations”(08JJDGJW256)“Islamic Middle East Region and the Transition of International System”(08JZD0039),and it is also supported by the Shanghai International Studies University“211”program(Stage III)Key Discipline of Shanghai(B702).
文摘From crisis management to the overall planning,China’s response to the unrest in the Middle East has achieved great success.Today China must understand the influence of the unrest in the Middle East by taking the overall international and domestic situations into consideration,namely,understanding its influence as’’tests in the external environment’’and the changes it causes to the international setting of China;China must review its experiences of coping with the unrest in the Middle East and correct any flaws in its present policies;China must work out scientific,mid-and long-term strategies for the Middle East and corresponding measures.In particular,she should better its understanding of the strategic position of the Middle East and enhance her participation in the Middle Eastern affairs while adhering to its traditional diplomatic principles.
文摘The international system is at a historical moment of renewal.As the unipolar order declines,various forces are rising,among which China has already become an important force in constructing a new world order.Quiet but revolutionary changes have occurred in China's diplomatic philosophy and practices as the country becomes more deeply ingrained into the international system.Under the background of great changes,the political situation in the Middle East has also quietly changed..With the weakening of the impact of external forces,many new energies in this region are coming to life.The future development of relations between European and United States powers,and their policy changes will bring a far-reaching impact on the political situation in the Middle East.China's diplomacy in the Middle East will become more active and aggressive.Meanwhile,China will concentrate more on the multi-lateral cooperation and its co-ordination with Europe and United States.
文摘From crisis management to the overall planning,China’s response to the unrest in the Middle East has achieved great success.Today China must understand the influence of the unrest in the Middle East by taking the overall international and domestic situations into consideration,namely,understanding its influence as’’tests in the external environment’’and the changes it causes to the international setting of China;China must review its experiences of coping with the unrest in the Middle East and correct any flaws in its present policies;China must work out scientific,mid-and long-term strategies for the Middle East and corresponding measures.In particular,she should better its understanding of the strategic position of the Middle East and enhance her participation in Middle Eastern affairs while adhering to its traditional diplomatic principles.
