Chronic atrophic gastritis(CAG)is an important stage of precancerous lesions of gastric cancer.Effective treatment and regulation of CAG are essential to prevent its progression to malignancy.Traditional Chinese medic...Chronic atrophic gastritis(CAG)is an important stage of precancerous lesions of gastric cancer.Effective treatment and regulation of CAG are essential to prevent its progression to malignancy.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has shown multi-targeted efficacy in CAG treatment,with advantages in enhancing gastric mucosal barrier defense,improving microcirculation,modulating inflammatory and immune responses,and promoting lesion healing,etc.Clinical studies and meta-analyses indicate that TCM provides significant benefits,with specific Chinese herbal compounds and monomers demonstrating protective effects on the gastric mucosa through mechanisms including anti-inflammation,antioxidation,and regulation of cellular proliferation and apoptosis,etc.Finally,it is pointed out that the efficacy of TCM in the treatment of CAG requires standardized research and unified standards,and constantly clarifies and improves the evaluation criteria of each dimension of gastric mucosal barrier function.展开更多
Peptic ulcer(PU)is characterized by inflammation,necrosis,and erosion of the gastrointestinal mucosa caused by various pathogenic factors,leading to ulcer formation.The stomach and duodenum are the most commonly affec...Peptic ulcer(PU)is characterized by inflammation,necrosis,and erosion of the gastrointestinal mucosa caused by various pathogenic factors,leading to ulcer formation.The stomach and duodenum are the most commonly affected sites.Bletilla striata,a traditional Chinese medicinal herb,contains diverse chemical constituents and exhibits multiple pharmacological effects.As a key component in various traditional Chinese medicine compound formulations,it has demonstrated notable clinical efficacy.Moreover,it has a solid research foundation and broad application prospects in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases.This paper systematically elaborates on the clinical efficacy and mechanisms of action of Bletilla striata in the treatment of PUs,drawing from ancient medical literature and traditional formula applications to provide support for clinical use.展开更多
This paper thoroughly explores the multifaceted factors influencing the efficacy of Chinese medicinals and categorizes them into three main groups:medicinal related factors,patient related factors,and practitioner rel...This paper thoroughly explores the multifaceted factors influencing the efficacy of Chinese medicinals and categorizes them into three main groups:medicinal related factors,patient related factors,and practitioner related factors.Regarding medicinal related factors,the place of origin,growing environment,harvesting time,storage conditions,quality control,dosage form selection,compatibility of medicinals,precise dosing,decoction methods,and administration routes all significantly impact efficacy.The place of origin determines the authenticity of medicinals,the growing environment affects their composition,harvesting time influences potency,improper storage leads to deterioration,quality control forms the foundation of efficacy,dosage forms and compatibility of medicinals affect absorption,dosing and decoction methods require precision,and administration routes should be tailored to individuals.Patient related factors include psychological state,individual differences,background,and disease condition.Psychological state affects treatment compliance,individual differences determine medicine responses,background influences patients’understanding of Chinese medicinals,and disease condition directly reflects efficacy.Practitioner related factors encompass theoretical knowledge,clinical experience,inherited practices,psychological state,and professional ethics.Theoretical knowledge guides medication use,clinical experience enhances efficacy,inherited practices influence prescribing styles,psychological state affects doctor–patient communication,and professional ethics ensure medical quality.These interrelated factors collectively influence the efficacy of Chinese medicinals,emphasizing the need for comprehensive consideration in clinical applications to achieve optimal therapeutic outcomes.展开更多
The soothing efficacy of baby moisturizer was evaluated by analyzing the changes of inflammatory cytokines in vitro and human efficacy tests.RAW264.7 cells were induced by Lipopolysaccharide(LPS) to establish a cell i...The soothing efficacy of baby moisturizer was evaluated by analyzing the changes of inflammatory cytokines in vitro and human efficacy tests.RAW264.7 cells were induced by Lipopolysaccharide(LPS) to establish a cell inflammation model in vitro,and the inflammatory cytokines of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and NO were detected to observe the inhibitory effect of baby moisturizer in vitro.The non-toxic concentration of baby moisturizer was detected by MTT assay,the level of IL-6 in RAW264.7 cells supernatant was detected by ELISA kits,and the level of NO in RAW 264.7 cells supernatant was detected by Griess reagent.Dexamethasone was used as the positive control.At the same time,the hydration of the stratum corneum,transepidermal water loss (TEWL),erythema index,the redness of skin (a^(*) value) and the proportion of redness area in facial cheekbones were detected after using the baby moisturizer for 28 days.The experiment results showed that the baby moisturizer at a non-toxic concentration of 0.3 mg/mL,could significantly reduce IL-6 and NO in RAW264.7 cells supernatant,meanwhile it could significantly enhance the hydration of the stratum corneum,and reduce the TEWL,erythema index,the redness of skin (a^(*) value) and the proportion of redness area.In conclusion,the baby moisturizer (0.3 mg/mL) can restrain inflammatory cytokines in vitro and can also significantly improve human facial skin irritation,which can be considered to have soothing efficacy.展开更多
An acute skin injury model using continuous tape tearing was established,and studies the application of this model in the evaluation of soothing effects through instrument evaluation.30 healthy adult subjects were sel...An acute skin injury model using continuous tape tearing was established,and studies the application of this model in the evaluation of soothing effects through instrument evaluation.30 healthy adult subjects were selected as the research subjects,and an acute skin model was established on the forearm flexion side of the subjects.The skin color a^(*)value and transdermal water loss rate(TEWL)value of the blank and experimental groups were tested using instruments.The results showed that at 15 and 30 minutes after using the sample,the growth values of a^(*)value and TEWL value in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the blank group(P<0.05),the acute skin lesion model can effectively evaluate the soothing effect of cosmetics.展开更多
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia,a complex group of mental disorders,is primarily managed with antipsychotic medications.The safety and efficacy of different initial doses of lurasidone for acute schizophrenia remain uncertai...BACKGROUND Schizophrenia,a complex group of mental disorders,is primarily managed with antipsychotic medications.The safety and efficacy of different initial doses of lurasidone for acute schizophrenia remain uncertain,particularly concerning discontinuation rates due to adverse events(AEs).AIM To compare the safety of two initial doses of lurasidone for the treatment of acute schizophrenia in Chinese patients.METHODS This 6-week,randomized,open-label,multicenter trial allocated participants to receive either 40 mg/day or 80 mg/day lurasidone initially,with dose adjustment allowed after a one-week fixed-dose period.Safety assessments included the primary endpoint of discontinuation due to AEs,as well as evaluations of AEs,weight changes,and laboratory parameters.Efficacy assessments included responder rates and changes in scores on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS),Clinical Global Impression-Severity scale,and Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia.RESULTS Among 197 participants,no significant difference was found in discontinuation rate due to AEs between groups(3.03% vs 5.10%,P=0.707).Treatment-emergent AEs were reported in 64.6%and 71.4%of participants in the 40 mg/day and 80 mg/day initiation groups,respectively.Response rates at weeks 1 and 2 showed no statistically significant differences.Both groups demonstrated significant improvements in PANSS total,Clinical Global Impression-Severity,and Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia scores from baseline(all P<0.01).Notably,the 80 mg/day initiation group showed greater improvement in the PANSS positive subscale score at visits 1 and 2 compared to the 40 mg/day initiation group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Initial doses of 40 mg/day and 80 mg/day lurasidone are safe and effective for acute schizophrenia,with no significant increase in AEs-related discontinuation rate at the higher dose.展开更多
To verify the inhibitory ability of the combination on the biofilm production of Propionibacterium acnes and its ameliorative effect on facial acne problems.The ability of the combination to inhibit the biofilm format...To verify the inhibitory ability of the combination on the biofilm production of Propionibacterium acnes and its ameliorative effect on facial acne problems.The ability of the combination to inhibit the biofilm formation of Propionibacterium acnes was verified by suspension quantification and crystal violet staining,and then 60 effective volunteers were selected for the efficacy measurement of topical acne elimination combinations+bases for 4 consecutive weeks,which were measured by a professional instrument,and the volunteers’facial acne lesion areas and acne lesion colours were evaluated respectively.In vitro tests verified that the combination can inhibit the formation of P.acnes biofilm and will not completely kill P.acnes and will not disrupt the micro-ecological balance of the skin;3%and 5%acne combinations can reduce the biofilm of P.acnes by 61.3%and 61.6%respectively;after 4 weeks of continuous use,the area of acne lesions of the samples with 5%acne combinations decreased by 54.61%and the colour of acne lesions decreased by 54.61%compared with the area of acne lesions before the use of the combination.54.61%,acne lesion colour a^(*)decreased by 13.74%,and the subjects’self-assessment of the mildness and non-irritation of the samples in the test group had a 100%agreement rate.The acne combination can improve acne problems by inhibiting the biofilm formation of Propionibacterium acnes,and has a mild and effective acne elimination effect.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the immune function and safety of Venetoclax combined with Azacitidine in the treatment of elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML).Methods:Sixty-eight elderly AML patients who visited t...Objective:To evaluate the immune function and safety of Venetoclax combined with Azacitidine in the treatment of elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML).Methods:Sixty-eight elderly AML patients who visited the hospital from January 2021 to December 2024 were selected as samples and randomly divided into two groups.Group A was treated with Venetoclax and Azacitidine,while Group B was treated with Azacitidine alone.Immune indicators,inflammatory factors,tumor markers,and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results:The levels of CD3+,CD4+,and CD8+in Group A were higher than those in Group B(P<0.05).The tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)level in Group A was lower than that in Group B,while the interferon-γ(IFN-γ)level was higher(P<0.05).The levels of cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in Group A were lower than those in Group B(P<0.05).The adverse reaction rate in Group A was lower than that in Group B(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combination of Venetoclax and Azacitidine in the treatment of elderly AML patients can improve immune function,inhibit inflammation,delay disease progression,and is safe and efficient.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the clinical efficacy and safety of toripalimab combined with the GC chemotherapy regimen in the treatment of advanced urothelial carcinoma.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 102 patie...Objective:To analyze the clinical efficacy and safety of toripalimab combined with the GC chemotherapy regimen in the treatment of advanced urothelial carcinoma.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 102 patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma treated at our hospital between March 2021 and August 2024.Based on treatment regimens,patients were divided into a chemotherapy group(n=52)and a combination group(n=50).The chemotherapy group received the GC chemotherapy regimen,while the combination group received GC chemotherapy combined with toripalimab.Both groups underwent 4-6 cycles of treatment based on patient tolerance.Clinical efficacy,immune-related factor levels,survival outcomes,and safety were observed and compared.Results:The disease control rate(DCR)and overall response rate(ORR)in the combination group were slightly higher than those in the chemotherapy group,but the differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05).After treatment,levels of IFN-γand IL-2 increased significantly,while VEGF levels decreased significantly in both groups(P<0.05),with superior outcomes observed in the combination group(P<0.05).Follow-up analysis showed progression-free survival(PFS)and median overall survival(OS)in the chemotherapy group were 5.19 and 10.15 months,respectively,compared to 8.24 and 18.23 months in the combination group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).During treatment,the incidence of adverse reactions such as rash,immune-related pneumonia,and immune-related diarrhea was higher in the combination group than in the chemotherapy group(P<0.05).However,the incidence of gastrointestinal reactions,fever,and leukopenia did not differ significantly between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:The use of toripalimab combined with the GC chemotherapy regimen for advanced urothelial carcinoma can effectively improve clinical outcomes and extend patient survival,with good overall safety.However,attention should be given to preventing adverse reactions such as rash and pneumonia during treatment.展开更多
BACKGROUND Surgery is the first choice of treatment for patients with colorectal cancer.Traditional open surgery imparts great damage to the body of the patient and can easily cause adverse stress reactions.With the c...BACKGROUND Surgery is the first choice of treatment for patients with colorectal cancer.Traditional open surgery imparts great damage to the body of the patient and can easily cause adverse stress reactions.With the continuous development of medical technology,laparoscopic minimally invasive surgery has shown great advantages for the treatment of patients with celiac disease.AIM To investigate the short-term efficacy of laparoscopic radical surgery and traditional laparotomy for the treatment of colorectal cancer,and the differences in the risk analysis of unplanned reoperation after operation.METHODS As the research subjects,this study selected 100 patients with colorectal cancer who received surgical treatment at the Yulin First Hospital from January 2018 to January 2022.Among them,50 patients who underwent laparoscopic radical resection were selected as the research group and 50 patients who underwent traditional laparotomy were selected as the control group.Data pertaining to clinical indexes,gastrointestinal hormones,nutrition indexes,the levels of inflammatory factors,quality of life,Visual Analog Scale score,and the postoperative complications of the two groups of patients before and after treatment were collected,and the therapeutic effects in the two groups were analyzed and compared.RESULTS Compared with the control group,perioperative bleeding,peristalsis recovery time,and hospital stays were significantly shorter in the research group.After surgery,the levels of gastrin(GAS)and motilin(MTL)were decreased in both groups,and the fluctuation range of GAS and MTL observed in the research group was significantly lower than that recorded in the control group.The hemoglobin(Hb)levels increased after surgery,and the level of Hb in the research group was significantly higher compared with the control group.After the operation,the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-6,and C-reactive protein and the total incidence of complications were significantly lower in the research group compared with the control group.One year after the operation,the quality of life of the two groups was greatly improved,with the quality of life in the research group being significantly better.CONCLUSION Laparoscopy was effective for colorectal surgery by reducing the occurrence of complications and inflammatory stress reaction;moreover,the quality of life of patients was significantly improved,which warrants further promotion.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal angiodysplasias(GIAD)causes recurrent bleeding,and current treatments have limitations.Sirolimus,a mammalian target of rapamycin inhibi-tor,shows promise in inhibiting abnormal angiogenesis...BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal angiodysplasias(GIAD)causes recurrent bleeding,and current treatments have limitations.Sirolimus,a mammalian target of rapamycin inhibi-tor,shows promise in inhibiting abnormal angiogenesis.AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sirolimus in reducing bleeding episodes and improving clinical outcomes in patients with GIAD.METHODS We conducted a self-controlled study with 11 patients taking oral sirolimus.Retrospective data were collected prior to treatment,and prospective data were gathered during the study.Efficacy was assessed primarily by comparing blee-ding episodes before and after sirolimus,with measurements at 3 and 6 months post-administration.The initial dose was 0.8 mg/m^(2)once daily,adjusted to main-tain trough blood concentrations between 5-10 ng/mL.Secondary outcomes included hemoglobin(Hb)levels,blood transfusion volume,and vascular lesions.Safety was monitored by tracking adverse reactions.RESULTS The average number of bleeding episodes decreased significantly from 2.09±1.04 to 1.00±0.75 in the 3 months preceding treatment,and from 3.80±1.93 to 2.00±1.63 in the 6 months preceding treatment.Sirolimus also increased Hb levels,reduced the need for transfusions,and decreased vascular lesions,improving clinical outcomes.All adverse effects were mild and resolved or improved within 1 week to 1 month without stopping sirolimus or needing lipid-lowering treatment.CONCLUSION Sirolimus reduced bleeding and transfusion needs while improving Hb levels in GIAD patients.Although these findings are encouraging,the limited sample size and lack of a control group warrant caution.Future controlled trials with larger populations are needed to validate sirolimus’s potential in GIAD.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the short-term efficacy and safety of ultrasound cycloplasty(UCP)procedure in Chinese patients with angle-closure glaucoma(ACG),and the mechanisms of its intraocular pressure(IOP)lowering effects.METHO...AIM:To evaluate the short-term efficacy and safety of ultrasound cycloplasty(UCP)procedure in Chinese patients with angle-closure glaucoma(ACG),and the mechanisms of its intraocular pressure(IOP)lowering effects.METHODS:Fifty-six patients(56 eyes)diagnosed with primary and/or secondary ACG were enrolled in this prospective study.Visual acuity,IOP,slit-lamp examinations,structural parameters of anterior segments including anterior chamber depth(ACD),pupillary diameter(PD),anterior chamber area(ACAr),anterior chamber angle(ACAn),and side effects were evaluated.Seven rhesus macaques(Macaca Mulatta)were used for the analyses of IOP lowering effects,including inflammatory reactions,pathohistological evaluation,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and aqueous outflow pathway via 1%basic fuchsin perfusion.RESULTS:Fifty six eyes of 24 male and 32 female patients with an average age of 58.93±15.97 years old were recruited in primary and secondary ACG affected 31 and 25 eyes,respectively.Clinically,the mean IOP was 17.89±7.93 mm Hg(n=53,53.63%reduction,P<0.001)at 1wk and 22.47±12.00 mm Hg at 12mo(n=16,18.67%reduction,P<0.01)after UCP,compared to the baseline of 39.08±14.75 mm Hg(n=56).Postoperative tolerance was favorable in 94.64%of cases,with visual acuity unchanged or improved in 96.43%of patients.Mild and transient inflammatory reactions were observed post UCP.UBM analysis revealed statistically significant changes in anterior chamber parameters:increased ACD(n=22,P<0.05),enlarged PD(n=22,P<0.05),expanded ACAr(n=16,P<0.01),and widened ACAn(n=19,P<0.05)compared to preoperative measurements.As in normal monkey eyes,IOP was also reduced upon UCP.Mild inflammatory reactions were seen 1-7d post treatment.Hematoxylin and Eosin(H&E)staining showed enlarged spaces among ciliary muscle bundles.Ciliary process stromal edema was evident,but significant loss of two layers of ciliary epitheliums was not seen.SEM confirmed ciliary muscle fibers concentrated.Fuchsin anterior chamber perfusion showed the whole ciliary body staining in UCP group,but only surface staining in controls.CONCLUSION:UCP is efficient and safe to lower the IOP of patients with ACG.Changed anterior chamber structure and increased aqueous humour outflow via uveoscleral pathway may significantly attribute to IOP lowering effects of UCP.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)remains a major global health burden,particularly in East Asia,due to its high incidence,aggressive progression,and poor prognosis in advanced stages.Although surgery is the mainstay of cu...BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)remains a major global health burden,particularly in East Asia,due to its high incidence,aggressive progression,and poor prognosis in advanced stages.Although surgery is the mainstay of curative treatment,outcomes for locally advanced cases remain unsatisfactory despite perioperative chemotherapy.In recent years,immune checkpoint inhibitors,especially anti-PD-1 antibodies like sintilimab,have shown promise in improving survival when combined with chemotherapy.However,the comparative efficacy and safety of SOX plus sintilimab vs established regimens such as P-SOX and SOX alone in the neoadjuvant setting have not been fully explored.AIM To compare the efficacy and safety of three neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens—SOX combined with sintilimab(SOX+PD-1),albumin-bound paclitaxel plus oxaliplatin and S-1(P-SOX),and SOX—in patients with advanced GC.METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on 299 patients with advanced GC who received both neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy along with standard D2 radical gastrectomy.Among them,81 patients received SOX plus sintilimab,118 received the P-SOX regimen,and 100 received the SOX regimen.All patients were randomly assigned to training(70%)or validation(30%)cohorts using the R software sample function.Short-term efficacy,long-term survival outcomes,and adverse events were assessed across the three groups.Additionally,clinical factors associated with progression-free survival(PFS)were further investigated.RESULTS In terms of short-term efficacy,the SOX+sintilimab group had higher objective response rates[91.4%and 70.4%according to the tumor regression grade(TRG)and Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors(RECIST)1.1 criteria,respectively]than did the P-SOX(88.1%and 59.3%)and SOX groups(84.0%and 55.0%),although the intergroup differences were not statistically significant(P=0.167).For long-term outcomes,the SOX+sintilimab group demonstrated significantly better OS rates at 1 year(98.8%),18 months(92.6%),2 years(84.0%),and 3 years(48.1%)than did the P-SOX(93.2%,86.4%,71.2%,30.5%)and SOX(91.0%,84.0%,72.0%,29.0%)groups,with the 3-year overall survival(OS)difference being statistically significant(P=0.007).Similarly,PFS rates in the SOX+sintilimab group(1 year:92.6%;18 months:77.8%;2 years:65.4%;3 years:35.8%)were significantly greater than those in the P-SOX(82.2%,68.6%,53.4%,26.3%)and SOX(77.0%,66.0%,43.0%,27.0%)groups,with significant differences at 1 year(P=0.021)and 2 years(P=0.011).In terms of safety,grade 1-2 gastrointestinal reactions,peripheral neuropathy,and alopecia were the main TRAEs across groups.The P-SOX group had a significantly greater incidence of alopecia(54.2%vs 53.0%vs 23.5%,P=0.009)and more cases of grade 2 alopecia(6.8%vs 1.2%),potentially due to the accumulation of triple-agent toxicity.No significant intergroup differences were observed in hematologic toxicity or liver dysfunction(all P>0.05).CONCLUSION Compared with the SOX and P-SOX regimens,the SOX plus sintilimab combination demonstrated significantly improved short-and long-term efficacy with favorable safety,with superior advantages in terms of 2-and 3-year OS and early PFS,suggesting that this combination is a more promising therapeutic option for patients with advanced GC.Patients who achieved good perioperative chemotherapy responses(meeting the TRG and RECIST 1.1 criteria)and had tumor diameters≤2 cm,well-differentiated histology,earlier cTNM stages,and no lymph node metastasis had a better prognosis.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the dosing,efficacy and safety of the main antileishmanial agents amphotericin B(conventional or liposomal),pentavalent antimonials,miltefosine and paromomycin recommended for the treatment of vi...Objective:To evaluate the dosing,efficacy and safety of the main antileishmanial agents amphotericin B(conventional or liposomal),pentavalent antimonials,miltefosine and paromomycin recommended for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in children.Methods:The efficacy and safety of visceral leishmaniasis treatments in children were systematically reviewed using literature from PubMed,Cochrane,clinicaltrials.gov,and Google Scholar,focusing on randomised trials with separate pediatric data(published from 2000-2024).The risk of bias of selected trials was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomised trials(RoB 2).Reporting was done per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 checklist.Results:Of 1186 records,only 7 were eligible for qualitative synthesis.Three trials exclusively included children.The treatment regimens studied showed high heterogeneity and lacked sufficient data for a meta-analysis.Most trial arms reported efficacies over 94%for children across different regimens.Miltefosine monotherapy showed the highest rate of late treatment failures,highlighting that allometric dosing is crucial to ensure proper drug exposure in children.Safety data for children were available in only three studies with varied reporting systems of adverse events.Although regimens in this review were generally considered to be safe in children,antimonial-related cardiac toxicity remains a threat.Conclusions:This review highlights the need for pediatric-specific trials,clear presentation of pediatric data,and systematic documentation of adverse events to enhance evidence for policy-making and pediatric guideline development.展开更多
The effectiveness of fluopyram suspension concentrate against pine wilt disease(PWD)is limited by spraying efficiency and water dependence.A traditional dust formulation with strong dispersibility can overcome these s...The effectiveness of fluopyram suspension concentrate against pine wilt disease(PWD)is limited by spraying efficiency and water dependence.A traditional dust formulation with strong dispersibility can overcome these shortcomings.However,its efficacy against PWD remains uncertain.This study evaluated the translocation of fluopyram dust within tree tissues,soil and water degradation,and its effective control against PWD.Nursery tests showed effective prevention;field tests showed dust absorption and translocation into pine tissues.Thirty days following application,residual concentrations in soil were low at 0.09 mg kg^(−1);no detectable residues were found in water samples.Three years after applying fluopyram,its effectiveness increased to approximately 87%.Based on this study,fluopyram had a half-life of 346 d with persistence lasting up to three years.This provides valuable insight for managing PWD through dust applications.展开更多
BACKGROUND Flat bone metastases are common in patients with advanced cancers,often resulting in severe pain,limited mobility,and reduced quality of life(QOL).Traditional treatment options,such as radiotherapy or syste...BACKGROUND Flat bone metastases are common in patients with advanced cancers,often resulting in severe pain,limited mobility,and reduced quality of life(QOL).Traditional treatment options,such as radiotherapy or systemic therapies,often fail to provide sufficient pain relief or improve functional outcomes in these patients.Microwave ablation(MWA)offers advantages,such as shorter pro-cedure times and larger ablation zones,while percutaneous osteoplasty(PO)enhances bone stability and prevents pathological fractures.Despite these be-nefits,the combination of these techniques for treating flat bone metastases re-mains underexplored.AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of C-arm computed tomography(CT)-guided MWA combined with PO for managing painful flat bone metastases,focusing on pain relief,functional improvement,and QOL enhancement.METHODS A total of 45 patients with refractory moderate-to-severe pain resulting from flat bone metastases who underwent C-arm CT-guided MWA combined with PO between January 2015 and January 2021 were included.The efficacy of the pro-cedure was assessed by changes in the visual analog scale(VAS),Oswestry disability index(ODI),and QOL,as well as the occurrence of complications.Tumor response was evaluated using RECIST v1.1 and mRECIST criteria,with overall response rate(ORR)and disease control rate(DCR)as the primary end-points.RESULTS No serious complications were observed in any of the patients.A significant reduction in VAS and ODI was noted at 1 week,1 month,and 3 months post-procedure.A marked improvement in QOL was observed at all follow-up points.Bone cement extravasation was observed in 10 patients;however,none exhibited significant clinical symptoms.Based on RECIST v1.1,the ORR was 26.7%and the DCR was 88.9%.The mRECIST evaluation revealed a higher ORR of 51.1%and DCR of 88.9%.CONCLUSION C-arm CT-guided MWA with PO provides a dependable and effective strategy for managing flat bone metastases.It demonstrates significant pain relief,improved functional outcomes,and enhanced QOL.This treatment combination also shows promising tumor response rates with a low complication profile.展开更多
The article explains the legal definition of the term‘repair’as used in cosmetic efficacy claims:it refers to the ability to help maintain the normal condition of the applied area.By analysing methods for modelling ...The article explains the legal definition of the term‘repair’as used in cosmetic efficacy claims:it refers to the ability to help maintain the normal condition of the applied area.By analysing methods for modelling skin damage,the paper comprehensively summarises the evaluation system for the‘repair’efficacy of cosmetics,introducing existing assessment methods for repair efficacy across different application areas,including facial care products,body care products,foot care products,scalp care products,hair care products,and lip care products.This aims to promote the standardisation and innovative development of repair-type cosmetics.展开更多
The olive oil fermentation filtrate was prepared by microbial fermentation technology,and the fermentation process was optimized by orthogonal test to screen out the optimal fermentation conditions.At the same time,th...The olive oil fermentation filtrate was prepared by microbial fermentation technology,and the fermentation process was optimized by orthogonal test to screen out the optimal fermentation conditions.At the same time,the effect of olive oil fermentation filtrate to promote the secretion of type I collagen (COL-I) and type VII collagen (COL-VII) by fibroblasts (HFF-1),the inhibitory effect on the secretion of alpha tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by lipopolysaccharide induced macrophages (RAW264.7),and the inhibitory effect on the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT) were studied through in vitro cell testing methods.The results showed that the optimal fermentation conditions of olive oil fermentation filtrate were as follows,inoculation amount was 3%,inducer amount was 2%,fermentation time was 48 h.Its efficacy can significantly promote the synthesis of COL-I and COL-VII,and significantly inhibit the content of inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6 as well as ROS content,it has multiple effects of firming,anti-wrinkle,soothing and antioxidant,providing scientific and effective data support for the development of cosmetic raw materials.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and symptom scores of early diabetic nephropathy(DKD)treated with modified Shenqi Dihuang Decoction.Methods:82 patients with early DKD who visited the hospital from February 2023 to ...Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and symptom scores of early diabetic nephropathy(DKD)treated with modified Shenqi Dihuang Decoction.Methods:82 patients with early DKD who visited the hospital from February 2023 to February 2025 were randomly divided into two groups by drawing.Group A received modified Shenqi Dihuang Decoction+SGLT2 inhibitor,while Group B received SGLT2 inhibitor only.The efficacy,symptom scores,blood glucose,and renal function were compared between the two groups.Results:The efficacy of Group A was higher than that of Group B in the treatment of early DKD(P<0.05).The DKD symptom scores of Group A were lower than those of Group B(P<0.05).The fasting blood glucose(FBG),2-hour postprandial blood glucose(PBG),and glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c)of Group A were better than those of Group B(P<0.05).The serum creatinine(SCr),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),and urinary albumin excretion rate(UAER)of Group A were also better than those of Group B.Conclusion:The combination of modified Shenqi Dihuang Decoction and SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin has excellent efficacy in the treatment of early DKD,which can improve renal function,reduce DKD symptoms,and stabilize blood glucose levels.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of combined application of calcitriol and low-calcium dialysate in the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism(SHPT).Methods:Eighty-nine patients with SHPT who visited t...Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of combined application of calcitriol and low-calcium dialysate in the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism(SHPT).Methods:Eighty-nine patients with SHPT who visited the hospital from February 2023 to February 2025 were included in the study.They were divided into an observation group(n=45)and a control group(n=44)using a random number table method.The observation group received calcitriol combined with low-calcium dialysate treatment,while the control group received calcitriol combined with conventional dialysate treatment.The differences in intact parathyroid hormone(iPTH),calcium and phosphorus metabolism indicators,renal function indicators,and adverse reaction rates were compared and evaluated before and after treatment between the two groups.Results:Compared with before treatment,the levels of iPTH,serum phosphorus,and calcium-phosphorus product were significantly reduced in both groups after treatment,and the observation group had lower levels than the control group(P<0.05).Additionally,the blood calcium levels in both groups increased compared to before treatment,and the observation group had higher levels than the control group(P<0.05).After intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in renal function indicators between the two groups(P>0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combination of calcitriol and low-calcium dialysate for the treatment of SHPT can effectively reduce the levels of iPTH,serum phosphorus,and calcium-phosphorus product,increase blood calcium levels,and has a low incidence of adverse reactions.It has no significant effect on renal function and is a safe and effective treatment method.展开更多
基金Supported by the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,No.CI2021A00806High Level Chinese Medical Hospital Promotion Project,No.HLCMHPP2023086the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes,No.ZZ17-XRZ-041.
文摘Chronic atrophic gastritis(CAG)is an important stage of precancerous lesions of gastric cancer.Effective treatment and regulation of CAG are essential to prevent its progression to malignancy.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has shown multi-targeted efficacy in CAG treatment,with advantages in enhancing gastric mucosal barrier defense,improving microcirculation,modulating inflammatory and immune responses,and promoting lesion healing,etc.Clinical studies and meta-analyses indicate that TCM provides significant benefits,with specific Chinese herbal compounds and monomers demonstrating protective effects on the gastric mucosa through mechanisms including anti-inflammation,antioxidation,and regulation of cellular proliferation and apoptosis,etc.Finally,it is pointed out that the efficacy of TCM in the treatment of CAG requires standardized research and unified standards,and constantly clarifies and improves the evaluation criteria of each dimension of gastric mucosal barrier function.
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Major Project,No.2024ZD0521002The Innovation Team Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Liaoning Province,No.LNZYYCXTD-CCCX-003+1 种基金General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82074296Construction Project of Inheritance Studios of Famous Chinese Medicine Experts in China,No.[2022]No.75.
文摘Peptic ulcer(PU)is characterized by inflammation,necrosis,and erosion of the gastrointestinal mucosa caused by various pathogenic factors,leading to ulcer formation.The stomach and duodenum are the most commonly affected sites.Bletilla striata,a traditional Chinese medicinal herb,contains diverse chemical constituents and exhibits multiple pharmacological effects.As a key component in various traditional Chinese medicine compound formulations,it has demonstrated notable clinical efficacy.Moreover,it has a solid research foundation and broad application prospects in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases.This paper systematically elaborates on the clinical efficacy and mechanisms of action of Bletilla striata in the treatment of PUs,drawing from ancient medical literature and traditional formula applications to provide support for clinical use.
文摘This paper thoroughly explores the multifaceted factors influencing the efficacy of Chinese medicinals and categorizes them into three main groups:medicinal related factors,patient related factors,and practitioner related factors.Regarding medicinal related factors,the place of origin,growing environment,harvesting time,storage conditions,quality control,dosage form selection,compatibility of medicinals,precise dosing,decoction methods,and administration routes all significantly impact efficacy.The place of origin determines the authenticity of medicinals,the growing environment affects their composition,harvesting time influences potency,improper storage leads to deterioration,quality control forms the foundation of efficacy,dosage forms and compatibility of medicinals affect absorption,dosing and decoction methods require precision,and administration routes should be tailored to individuals.Patient related factors include psychological state,individual differences,background,and disease condition.Psychological state affects treatment compliance,individual differences determine medicine responses,background influences patients’understanding of Chinese medicinals,and disease condition directly reflects efficacy.Practitioner related factors encompass theoretical knowledge,clinical experience,inherited practices,psychological state,and professional ethics.Theoretical knowledge guides medication use,clinical experience enhances efficacy,inherited practices influence prescribing styles,psychological state affects doctor–patient communication,and professional ethics ensure medical quality.These interrelated factors collectively influence the efficacy of Chinese medicinals,emphasizing the need for comprehensive consideration in clinical applications to achieve optimal therapeutic outcomes.
文摘The soothing efficacy of baby moisturizer was evaluated by analyzing the changes of inflammatory cytokines in vitro and human efficacy tests.RAW264.7 cells were induced by Lipopolysaccharide(LPS) to establish a cell inflammation model in vitro,and the inflammatory cytokines of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and NO were detected to observe the inhibitory effect of baby moisturizer in vitro.The non-toxic concentration of baby moisturizer was detected by MTT assay,the level of IL-6 in RAW264.7 cells supernatant was detected by ELISA kits,and the level of NO in RAW 264.7 cells supernatant was detected by Griess reagent.Dexamethasone was used as the positive control.At the same time,the hydration of the stratum corneum,transepidermal water loss (TEWL),erythema index,the redness of skin (a^(*) value) and the proportion of redness area in facial cheekbones were detected after using the baby moisturizer for 28 days.The experiment results showed that the baby moisturizer at a non-toxic concentration of 0.3 mg/mL,could significantly reduce IL-6 and NO in RAW264.7 cells supernatant,meanwhile it could significantly enhance the hydration of the stratum corneum,and reduce the TEWL,erythema index,the redness of skin (a^(*) value) and the proportion of redness area.In conclusion,the baby moisturizer (0.3 mg/mL) can restrain inflammatory cytokines in vitro and can also significantly improve human facial skin irritation,which can be considered to have soothing efficacy.
文摘An acute skin injury model using continuous tape tearing was established,and studies the application of this model in the evaluation of soothing effects through instrument evaluation.30 healthy adult subjects were selected as the research subjects,and an acute skin model was established on the forearm flexion side of the subjects.The skin color a^(*)value and transdermal water loss rate(TEWL)value of the blank and experimental groups were tested using instruments.The results showed that at 15 and 30 minutes after using the sample,the growth values of a^(*)value and TEWL value in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the blank group(P<0.05),the acute skin lesion model can effectively evaluate the soothing effect of cosmetics.
文摘BACKGROUND Schizophrenia,a complex group of mental disorders,is primarily managed with antipsychotic medications.The safety and efficacy of different initial doses of lurasidone for acute schizophrenia remain uncertain,particularly concerning discontinuation rates due to adverse events(AEs).AIM To compare the safety of two initial doses of lurasidone for the treatment of acute schizophrenia in Chinese patients.METHODS This 6-week,randomized,open-label,multicenter trial allocated participants to receive either 40 mg/day or 80 mg/day lurasidone initially,with dose adjustment allowed after a one-week fixed-dose period.Safety assessments included the primary endpoint of discontinuation due to AEs,as well as evaluations of AEs,weight changes,and laboratory parameters.Efficacy assessments included responder rates and changes in scores on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS),Clinical Global Impression-Severity scale,and Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia.RESULTS Among 197 participants,no significant difference was found in discontinuation rate due to AEs between groups(3.03% vs 5.10%,P=0.707).Treatment-emergent AEs were reported in 64.6%and 71.4%of participants in the 40 mg/day and 80 mg/day initiation groups,respectively.Response rates at weeks 1 and 2 showed no statistically significant differences.Both groups demonstrated significant improvements in PANSS total,Clinical Global Impression-Severity,and Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia scores from baseline(all P<0.01).Notably,the 80 mg/day initiation group showed greater improvement in the PANSS positive subscale score at visits 1 and 2 compared to the 40 mg/day initiation group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Initial doses of 40 mg/day and 80 mg/day lurasidone are safe and effective for acute schizophrenia,with no significant increase in AEs-related discontinuation rate at the higher dose.
文摘To verify the inhibitory ability of the combination on the biofilm production of Propionibacterium acnes and its ameliorative effect on facial acne problems.The ability of the combination to inhibit the biofilm formation of Propionibacterium acnes was verified by suspension quantification and crystal violet staining,and then 60 effective volunteers were selected for the efficacy measurement of topical acne elimination combinations+bases for 4 consecutive weeks,which were measured by a professional instrument,and the volunteers’facial acne lesion areas and acne lesion colours were evaluated respectively.In vitro tests verified that the combination can inhibit the formation of P.acnes biofilm and will not completely kill P.acnes and will not disrupt the micro-ecological balance of the skin;3%and 5%acne combinations can reduce the biofilm of P.acnes by 61.3%and 61.6%respectively;after 4 weeks of continuous use,the area of acne lesions of the samples with 5%acne combinations decreased by 54.61%and the colour of acne lesions decreased by 54.61%compared with the area of acne lesions before the use of the combination.54.61%,acne lesion colour a^(*)decreased by 13.74%,and the subjects’self-assessment of the mildness and non-irritation of the samples in the test group had a 100%agreement rate.The acne combination can improve acne problems by inhibiting the biofilm formation of Propionibacterium acnes,and has a mild and effective acne elimination effect.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the immune function and safety of Venetoclax combined with Azacitidine in the treatment of elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML).Methods:Sixty-eight elderly AML patients who visited the hospital from January 2021 to December 2024 were selected as samples and randomly divided into two groups.Group A was treated with Venetoclax and Azacitidine,while Group B was treated with Azacitidine alone.Immune indicators,inflammatory factors,tumor markers,and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results:The levels of CD3+,CD4+,and CD8+in Group A were higher than those in Group B(P<0.05).The tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)level in Group A was lower than that in Group B,while the interferon-γ(IFN-γ)level was higher(P<0.05).The levels of cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in Group A were lower than those in Group B(P<0.05).The adverse reaction rate in Group A was lower than that in Group B(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combination of Venetoclax and Azacitidine in the treatment of elderly AML patients can improve immune function,inhibit inflammation,delay disease progression,and is safe and efficient.
文摘Objective:To analyze the clinical efficacy and safety of toripalimab combined with the GC chemotherapy regimen in the treatment of advanced urothelial carcinoma.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 102 patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma treated at our hospital between March 2021 and August 2024.Based on treatment regimens,patients were divided into a chemotherapy group(n=52)and a combination group(n=50).The chemotherapy group received the GC chemotherapy regimen,while the combination group received GC chemotherapy combined with toripalimab.Both groups underwent 4-6 cycles of treatment based on patient tolerance.Clinical efficacy,immune-related factor levels,survival outcomes,and safety were observed and compared.Results:The disease control rate(DCR)and overall response rate(ORR)in the combination group were slightly higher than those in the chemotherapy group,but the differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05).After treatment,levels of IFN-γand IL-2 increased significantly,while VEGF levels decreased significantly in both groups(P<0.05),with superior outcomes observed in the combination group(P<0.05).Follow-up analysis showed progression-free survival(PFS)and median overall survival(OS)in the chemotherapy group were 5.19 and 10.15 months,respectively,compared to 8.24 and 18.23 months in the combination group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).During treatment,the incidence of adverse reactions such as rash,immune-related pneumonia,and immune-related diarrhea was higher in the combination group than in the chemotherapy group(P<0.05).However,the incidence of gastrointestinal reactions,fever,and leukopenia did not differ significantly between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:The use of toripalimab combined with the GC chemotherapy regimen for advanced urothelial carcinoma can effectively improve clinical outcomes and extend patient survival,with good overall safety.However,attention should be given to preventing adverse reactions such as rash and pneumonia during treatment.
文摘BACKGROUND Surgery is the first choice of treatment for patients with colorectal cancer.Traditional open surgery imparts great damage to the body of the patient and can easily cause adverse stress reactions.With the continuous development of medical technology,laparoscopic minimally invasive surgery has shown great advantages for the treatment of patients with celiac disease.AIM To investigate the short-term efficacy of laparoscopic radical surgery and traditional laparotomy for the treatment of colorectal cancer,and the differences in the risk analysis of unplanned reoperation after operation.METHODS As the research subjects,this study selected 100 patients with colorectal cancer who received surgical treatment at the Yulin First Hospital from January 2018 to January 2022.Among them,50 patients who underwent laparoscopic radical resection were selected as the research group and 50 patients who underwent traditional laparotomy were selected as the control group.Data pertaining to clinical indexes,gastrointestinal hormones,nutrition indexes,the levels of inflammatory factors,quality of life,Visual Analog Scale score,and the postoperative complications of the two groups of patients before and after treatment were collected,and the therapeutic effects in the two groups were analyzed and compared.RESULTS Compared with the control group,perioperative bleeding,peristalsis recovery time,and hospital stays were significantly shorter in the research group.After surgery,the levels of gastrin(GAS)and motilin(MTL)were decreased in both groups,and the fluctuation range of GAS and MTL observed in the research group was significantly lower than that recorded in the control group.The hemoglobin(Hb)levels increased after surgery,and the level of Hb in the research group was significantly higher compared with the control group.After the operation,the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-6,and C-reactive protein and the total incidence of complications were significantly lower in the research group compared with the control group.One year after the operation,the quality of life of the two groups was greatly improved,with the quality of life in the research group being significantly better.CONCLUSION Laparoscopy was effective for colorectal surgery by reducing the occurrence of complications and inflammatory stress reaction;moreover,the quality of life of patients was significantly improved,which warrants further promotion.
基金Supported by the Air Force Medical Center Youth Talent Program Project,No.22YXQN034Capital Health Development Research Special Project,No.2020-4-5123Beijing Haidian District Health and Wellness Development Scientific Research Cultivation Program,No.HP2021-03-80803.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal angiodysplasias(GIAD)causes recurrent bleeding,and current treatments have limitations.Sirolimus,a mammalian target of rapamycin inhibi-tor,shows promise in inhibiting abnormal angiogenesis.AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sirolimus in reducing bleeding episodes and improving clinical outcomes in patients with GIAD.METHODS We conducted a self-controlled study with 11 patients taking oral sirolimus.Retrospective data were collected prior to treatment,and prospective data were gathered during the study.Efficacy was assessed primarily by comparing blee-ding episodes before and after sirolimus,with measurements at 3 and 6 months post-administration.The initial dose was 0.8 mg/m^(2)once daily,adjusted to main-tain trough blood concentrations between 5-10 ng/mL.Secondary outcomes included hemoglobin(Hb)levels,blood transfusion volume,and vascular lesions.Safety was monitored by tracking adverse reactions.RESULTS The average number of bleeding episodes decreased significantly from 2.09±1.04 to 1.00±0.75 in the 3 months preceding treatment,and from 3.80±1.93 to 2.00±1.63 in the 6 months preceding treatment.Sirolimus also increased Hb levels,reduced the need for transfusions,and decreased vascular lesions,improving clinical outcomes.All adverse effects were mild and resolved or improved within 1 week to 1 month without stopping sirolimus or needing lipid-lowering treatment.CONCLUSION Sirolimus reduced bleeding and transfusion needs while improving Hb levels in GIAD patients.Although these findings are encouraging,the limited sample size and lack of a control group warrant caution.Future controlled trials with larger populations are needed to validate sirolimus’s potential in GIAD.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82471071)Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2023J011580)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Xiamen,China(No.3502Z20227401)Huanhua Scholar Program and the Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital Postdoctoral Fund(No.2022BH02).
文摘AIM:To evaluate the short-term efficacy and safety of ultrasound cycloplasty(UCP)procedure in Chinese patients with angle-closure glaucoma(ACG),and the mechanisms of its intraocular pressure(IOP)lowering effects.METHODS:Fifty-six patients(56 eyes)diagnosed with primary and/or secondary ACG were enrolled in this prospective study.Visual acuity,IOP,slit-lamp examinations,structural parameters of anterior segments including anterior chamber depth(ACD),pupillary diameter(PD),anterior chamber area(ACAr),anterior chamber angle(ACAn),and side effects were evaluated.Seven rhesus macaques(Macaca Mulatta)were used for the analyses of IOP lowering effects,including inflammatory reactions,pathohistological evaluation,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and aqueous outflow pathway via 1%basic fuchsin perfusion.RESULTS:Fifty six eyes of 24 male and 32 female patients with an average age of 58.93±15.97 years old were recruited in primary and secondary ACG affected 31 and 25 eyes,respectively.Clinically,the mean IOP was 17.89±7.93 mm Hg(n=53,53.63%reduction,P<0.001)at 1wk and 22.47±12.00 mm Hg at 12mo(n=16,18.67%reduction,P<0.01)after UCP,compared to the baseline of 39.08±14.75 mm Hg(n=56).Postoperative tolerance was favorable in 94.64%of cases,with visual acuity unchanged or improved in 96.43%of patients.Mild and transient inflammatory reactions were observed post UCP.UBM analysis revealed statistically significant changes in anterior chamber parameters:increased ACD(n=22,P<0.05),enlarged PD(n=22,P<0.05),expanded ACAr(n=16,P<0.01),and widened ACAn(n=19,P<0.05)compared to preoperative measurements.As in normal monkey eyes,IOP was also reduced upon UCP.Mild inflammatory reactions were seen 1-7d post treatment.Hematoxylin and Eosin(H&E)staining showed enlarged spaces among ciliary muscle bundles.Ciliary process stromal edema was evident,but significant loss of two layers of ciliary epitheliums was not seen.SEM confirmed ciliary muscle fibers concentrated.Fuchsin anterior chamber perfusion showed the whole ciliary body staining in UCP group,but only surface staining in controls.CONCLUSION:UCP is efficient and safe to lower the IOP of patients with ACG.Changed anterior chamber structure and increased aqueous humour outflow via uveoscleral pathway may significantly attribute to IOP lowering effects of UCP.
基金Supported by Qinghai Provincial Science and Technology Plan,No.2023-ZJ-787.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)remains a major global health burden,particularly in East Asia,due to its high incidence,aggressive progression,and poor prognosis in advanced stages.Although surgery is the mainstay of curative treatment,outcomes for locally advanced cases remain unsatisfactory despite perioperative chemotherapy.In recent years,immune checkpoint inhibitors,especially anti-PD-1 antibodies like sintilimab,have shown promise in improving survival when combined with chemotherapy.However,the comparative efficacy and safety of SOX plus sintilimab vs established regimens such as P-SOX and SOX alone in the neoadjuvant setting have not been fully explored.AIM To compare the efficacy and safety of three neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens—SOX combined with sintilimab(SOX+PD-1),albumin-bound paclitaxel plus oxaliplatin and S-1(P-SOX),and SOX—in patients with advanced GC.METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on 299 patients with advanced GC who received both neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy along with standard D2 radical gastrectomy.Among them,81 patients received SOX plus sintilimab,118 received the P-SOX regimen,and 100 received the SOX regimen.All patients were randomly assigned to training(70%)or validation(30%)cohorts using the R software sample function.Short-term efficacy,long-term survival outcomes,and adverse events were assessed across the three groups.Additionally,clinical factors associated with progression-free survival(PFS)were further investigated.RESULTS In terms of short-term efficacy,the SOX+sintilimab group had higher objective response rates[91.4%and 70.4%according to the tumor regression grade(TRG)and Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors(RECIST)1.1 criteria,respectively]than did the P-SOX(88.1%and 59.3%)and SOX groups(84.0%and 55.0%),although the intergroup differences were not statistically significant(P=0.167).For long-term outcomes,the SOX+sintilimab group demonstrated significantly better OS rates at 1 year(98.8%),18 months(92.6%),2 years(84.0%),and 3 years(48.1%)than did the P-SOX(93.2%,86.4%,71.2%,30.5%)and SOX(91.0%,84.0%,72.0%,29.0%)groups,with the 3-year overall survival(OS)difference being statistically significant(P=0.007).Similarly,PFS rates in the SOX+sintilimab group(1 year:92.6%;18 months:77.8%;2 years:65.4%;3 years:35.8%)were significantly greater than those in the P-SOX(82.2%,68.6%,53.4%,26.3%)and SOX(77.0%,66.0%,43.0%,27.0%)groups,with significant differences at 1 year(P=0.021)and 2 years(P=0.011).In terms of safety,grade 1-2 gastrointestinal reactions,peripheral neuropathy,and alopecia were the main TRAEs across groups.The P-SOX group had a significantly greater incidence of alopecia(54.2%vs 53.0%vs 23.5%,P=0.009)and more cases of grade 2 alopecia(6.8%vs 1.2%),potentially due to the accumulation of triple-agent toxicity.No significant intergroup differences were observed in hematologic toxicity or liver dysfunction(all P>0.05).CONCLUSION Compared with the SOX and P-SOX regimens,the SOX plus sintilimab combination demonstrated significantly improved short-and long-term efficacy with favorable safety,with superior advantages in terms of 2-and 3-year OS and early PFS,suggesting that this combination is a more promising therapeutic option for patients with advanced GC.Patients who achieved good perioperative chemotherapy responses(meeting the TRG and RECIST 1.1 criteria)and had tumor diameters≤2 cm,well-differentiated histology,earlier cTNM stages,and no lymph node metastasis had a better prognosis.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the dosing,efficacy and safety of the main antileishmanial agents amphotericin B(conventional or liposomal),pentavalent antimonials,miltefosine and paromomycin recommended for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in children.Methods:The efficacy and safety of visceral leishmaniasis treatments in children were systematically reviewed using literature from PubMed,Cochrane,clinicaltrials.gov,and Google Scholar,focusing on randomised trials with separate pediatric data(published from 2000-2024).The risk of bias of selected trials was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomised trials(RoB 2).Reporting was done per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 checklist.Results:Of 1186 records,only 7 were eligible for qualitative synthesis.Three trials exclusively included children.The treatment regimens studied showed high heterogeneity and lacked sufficient data for a meta-analysis.Most trial arms reported efficacies over 94%for children across different regimens.Miltefosine monotherapy showed the highest rate of late treatment failures,highlighting that allometric dosing is crucial to ensure proper drug exposure in children.Safety data for children were available in only three studies with varied reporting systems of adverse events.Although regimens in this review were generally considered to be safe in children,antimonial-related cardiac toxicity remains a threat.Conclusions:This review highlights the need for pediatric-specific trials,clear presentation of pediatric data,and systematic documentation of adverse events to enhance evidence for policy-making and pediatric guideline development.
基金supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(grant number 2021YFD1400900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers U1905201,32171805)+6 种基金the Forestry Key Program of Science and Technology in Fujian Province(grant number 2021FKJ03)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,China(grant number 2021J01056)the Forestry Programs of Science and Technology in Fujian Province[grant number Mincaizhi(2020)601]the Science and Technology Program of Fujian Province(grant number 2018N5002)the Forestry Science Research Project of Fujian Forestry Department[grant number Minlinke(2017)03]the National Major Emergency Science and Technology Program of China(grant number ZD202001)the Forestry Peak Discipline Construction Project of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(grant numbers 72202200205,71201800720).
文摘The effectiveness of fluopyram suspension concentrate against pine wilt disease(PWD)is limited by spraying efficiency and water dependence.A traditional dust formulation with strong dispersibility can overcome these shortcomings.However,its efficacy against PWD remains uncertain.This study evaluated the translocation of fluopyram dust within tree tissues,soil and water degradation,and its effective control against PWD.Nursery tests showed effective prevention;field tests showed dust absorption and translocation into pine tissues.Thirty days following application,residual concentrations in soil were low at 0.09 mg kg^(−1);no detectable residues were found in water samples.Three years after applying fluopyram,its effectiveness increased to approximately 87%.Based on this study,fluopyram had a half-life of 346 d with persistence lasting up to three years.This provides valuable insight for managing PWD through dust applications.
文摘BACKGROUND Flat bone metastases are common in patients with advanced cancers,often resulting in severe pain,limited mobility,and reduced quality of life(QOL).Traditional treatment options,such as radiotherapy or systemic therapies,often fail to provide sufficient pain relief or improve functional outcomes in these patients.Microwave ablation(MWA)offers advantages,such as shorter pro-cedure times and larger ablation zones,while percutaneous osteoplasty(PO)enhances bone stability and prevents pathological fractures.Despite these be-nefits,the combination of these techniques for treating flat bone metastases re-mains underexplored.AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of C-arm computed tomography(CT)-guided MWA combined with PO for managing painful flat bone metastases,focusing on pain relief,functional improvement,and QOL enhancement.METHODS A total of 45 patients with refractory moderate-to-severe pain resulting from flat bone metastases who underwent C-arm CT-guided MWA combined with PO between January 2015 and January 2021 were included.The efficacy of the pro-cedure was assessed by changes in the visual analog scale(VAS),Oswestry disability index(ODI),and QOL,as well as the occurrence of complications.Tumor response was evaluated using RECIST v1.1 and mRECIST criteria,with overall response rate(ORR)and disease control rate(DCR)as the primary end-points.RESULTS No serious complications were observed in any of the patients.A significant reduction in VAS and ODI was noted at 1 week,1 month,and 3 months post-procedure.A marked improvement in QOL was observed at all follow-up points.Bone cement extravasation was observed in 10 patients;however,none exhibited significant clinical symptoms.Based on RECIST v1.1,the ORR was 26.7%and the DCR was 88.9%.The mRECIST evaluation revealed a higher ORR of 51.1%and DCR of 88.9%.CONCLUSION C-arm CT-guided MWA with PO provides a dependable and effective strategy for managing flat bone metastases.It demonstrates significant pain relief,improved functional outcomes,and enhanced QOL.This treatment combination also shows promising tumor response rates with a low complication profile.
文摘The article explains the legal definition of the term‘repair’as used in cosmetic efficacy claims:it refers to the ability to help maintain the normal condition of the applied area.By analysing methods for modelling skin damage,the paper comprehensively summarises the evaluation system for the‘repair’efficacy of cosmetics,introducing existing assessment methods for repair efficacy across different application areas,including facial care products,body care products,foot care products,scalp care products,hair care products,and lip care products.This aims to promote the standardisation and innovative development of repair-type cosmetics.
文摘The olive oil fermentation filtrate was prepared by microbial fermentation technology,and the fermentation process was optimized by orthogonal test to screen out the optimal fermentation conditions.At the same time,the effect of olive oil fermentation filtrate to promote the secretion of type I collagen (COL-I) and type VII collagen (COL-VII) by fibroblasts (HFF-1),the inhibitory effect on the secretion of alpha tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by lipopolysaccharide induced macrophages (RAW264.7),and the inhibitory effect on the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT) were studied through in vitro cell testing methods.The results showed that the optimal fermentation conditions of olive oil fermentation filtrate were as follows,inoculation amount was 3%,inducer amount was 2%,fermentation time was 48 h.Its efficacy can significantly promote the synthesis of COL-I and COL-VII,and significantly inhibit the content of inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6 as well as ROS content,it has multiple effects of firming,anti-wrinkle,soothing and antioxidant,providing scientific and effective data support for the development of cosmetic raw materials.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and symptom scores of early diabetic nephropathy(DKD)treated with modified Shenqi Dihuang Decoction.Methods:82 patients with early DKD who visited the hospital from February 2023 to February 2025 were randomly divided into two groups by drawing.Group A received modified Shenqi Dihuang Decoction+SGLT2 inhibitor,while Group B received SGLT2 inhibitor only.The efficacy,symptom scores,blood glucose,and renal function were compared between the two groups.Results:The efficacy of Group A was higher than that of Group B in the treatment of early DKD(P<0.05).The DKD symptom scores of Group A were lower than those of Group B(P<0.05).The fasting blood glucose(FBG),2-hour postprandial blood glucose(PBG),and glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c)of Group A were better than those of Group B(P<0.05).The serum creatinine(SCr),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),and urinary albumin excretion rate(UAER)of Group A were also better than those of Group B.Conclusion:The combination of modified Shenqi Dihuang Decoction and SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin has excellent efficacy in the treatment of early DKD,which can improve renal function,reduce DKD symptoms,and stabilize blood glucose levels.
文摘Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of combined application of calcitriol and low-calcium dialysate in the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism(SHPT).Methods:Eighty-nine patients with SHPT who visited the hospital from February 2023 to February 2025 were included in the study.They were divided into an observation group(n=45)and a control group(n=44)using a random number table method.The observation group received calcitriol combined with low-calcium dialysate treatment,while the control group received calcitriol combined with conventional dialysate treatment.The differences in intact parathyroid hormone(iPTH),calcium and phosphorus metabolism indicators,renal function indicators,and adverse reaction rates were compared and evaluated before and after treatment between the two groups.Results:Compared with before treatment,the levels of iPTH,serum phosphorus,and calcium-phosphorus product were significantly reduced in both groups after treatment,and the observation group had lower levels than the control group(P<0.05).Additionally,the blood calcium levels in both groups increased compared to before treatment,and the observation group had higher levels than the control group(P<0.05).After intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in renal function indicators between the two groups(P>0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combination of calcitriol and low-calcium dialysate for the treatment of SHPT can effectively reduce the levels of iPTH,serum phosphorus,and calcium-phosphorus product,increase blood calcium levels,and has a low incidence of adverse reactions.It has no significant effect on renal function and is a safe and effective treatment method.
