Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is commonly applied for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) because of the facile procedure, and the safety and effectiveness for the treatment of this type of tumor. On the o...Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is commonly applied for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) because of the facile procedure, and the safety and effectiveness for the treatment of this type of tumor. On the other hand, it is believed that HCC cells should spread predominantly through the blood flow of the portal vein, which could lead to the formation of intrahepatic micrometastases. Therefore, monitoring tumor response after the treatment is quite important and accurate assessment of treatment response is critical to obtain the most favorable outcome after the RFA. Indeed, several reports suggested that even small HCCs of ≤ 3 cm in diameter might carry intrahepatic micrometastases and/or microvascular invasion. From this point of view, for preventing local recurrences, RFA should be performed ablating a main tumor as well as its surrounding non-tumorous liver tissue where micrometastases and microvascular invasion might exist. Recent advancement of imaging modalities such as contrast-enhanced ultrasonic, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging are playing an important role on assessing the therapeutic effects of RFA. The local recurrence rate tends to be low in HCC patients who were proven to have adequate ablation margin after RFA; namely, not only disappearance of vascular enhancement of main tumor, but also an adequate ablation margin. Therefore, contrast enhancement gives important findings for the diagnosis of recurrent HCCs on each imaging. However, hyperemia of non-tumorous liver surrounding the ablated lesion, which could be attributed to an inflammation after RFA, may well obscure the findings of local recurrence of HCCs after RFA. Therefore, we need to carefully address to these imaging findings given the fact that diagnostic difficulties of local recurrence of HCC. Here, we give an overview of the current status of the imaging assessment of HCC response to RFA.展开更多
Esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma(ESCC)is one of the most common gastrointestinal cancers in China,characterized by high malignancy and poor prognosis.Nowadays,the therapeutic options for this cancer are very limited...Esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma(ESCC)is one of the most common gastrointestinal cancers in China,characterized by high malignancy and poor prognosis.Nowadays,the therapeutic options for this cancer are very limited.Notch-signaling is often overactivated in ESCC,but its role remains to be fully elucidated.Here,we demonstrate that aberrant Notch-signaling plays an important role in tumor angiogenesis.In clinical ESCC samples,Notch-signaling activation scores were significantly correlated with tumor microvascular density,advanced TNM stages,and short patient survival time.Silencing Notch-signaling substantially suppressed the ability of ESCC cells to promote angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo.By integrating analysis of CUT&Tag and RNA sequencing data,we identified ubiquitin-specific protease 5(USP5)as a Notch-signaling downstream effector that is transcriptionally upregulated by the NOTCH1 intracellular domain(NICD1)–RBPJ complex and mediates tumor angiogenesis.展开更多
文摘Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is commonly applied for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) because of the facile procedure, and the safety and effectiveness for the treatment of this type of tumor. On the other hand, it is believed that HCC cells should spread predominantly through the blood flow of the portal vein, which could lead to the formation of intrahepatic micrometastases. Therefore, monitoring tumor response after the treatment is quite important and accurate assessment of treatment response is critical to obtain the most favorable outcome after the RFA. Indeed, several reports suggested that even small HCCs of ≤ 3 cm in diameter might carry intrahepatic micrometastases and/or microvascular invasion. From this point of view, for preventing local recurrences, RFA should be performed ablating a main tumor as well as its surrounding non-tumorous liver tissue where micrometastases and microvascular invasion might exist. Recent advancement of imaging modalities such as contrast-enhanced ultrasonic, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging are playing an important role on assessing the therapeutic effects of RFA. The local recurrence rate tends to be low in HCC patients who were proven to have adequate ablation margin after RFA; namely, not only disappearance of vascular enhancement of main tumor, but also an adequate ablation margin. Therefore, contrast enhancement gives important findings for the diagnosis of recurrent HCCs on each imaging. However, hyperemia of non-tumorous liver surrounding the ablated lesion, which could be attributed to an inflammation after RFA, may well obscure the findings of local recurrence of HCCs after RFA. Therefore, we need to carefully address to these imaging findings given the fact that diagnostic difficulties of local recurrence of HCC. Here, we give an overview of the current status of the imaging assessment of HCC response to RFA.
基金funded by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2021-I2M-1-013,2022-I2M-2-003,2024-I2M-zd-003,2023-I2M-QJ-002 to D.L.,2023-I2M-2-004,2023-I2M-QJ-005 to C.W.)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82203156 to S.Z.).
文摘Esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma(ESCC)is one of the most common gastrointestinal cancers in China,characterized by high malignancy and poor prognosis.Nowadays,the therapeutic options for this cancer are very limited.Notch-signaling is often overactivated in ESCC,but its role remains to be fully elucidated.Here,we demonstrate that aberrant Notch-signaling plays an important role in tumor angiogenesis.In clinical ESCC samples,Notch-signaling activation scores were significantly correlated with tumor microvascular density,advanced TNM stages,and short patient survival time.Silencing Notch-signaling substantially suppressed the ability of ESCC cells to promote angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo.By integrating analysis of CUT&Tag and RNA sequencing data,we identified ubiquitin-specific protease 5(USP5)as a Notch-signaling downstream effector that is transcriptionally upregulated by the NOTCH1 intracellular domain(NICD1)–RBPJ complex and mediates tumor angiogenesis.
