Minimal access surgery has revolutionised colorectal surgery by offering reduced morbidity and mortality over open surgery,while maintaining oncological and functional outcomes with the disadvantage of additional prac...Minimal access surgery has revolutionised colorectal surgery by offering reduced morbidity and mortality over open surgery,while maintaining oncological and functional outcomes with the disadvantage of additional practical challenges. Robotic surgery aids the surgeon in overcoming these challenges. Uptake of robotic assistance has been relatively slow,mainly because of the high initial and ongoing costs of equipment but also because of limited evidence of improved patient outcomes. Advances in robotic colorectal surgery will aim to widen the scope of minimal access surgery to allow larger and more complex surgery through smaller access and natural orifices and also to make the technology more economical,allowing wider dispersal and uptake of robotic technology. Advances in robotic endoscopy will yield self-advancing endoscopes and a widening role for capsule endoscopy including the development of motile and steerable capsules able to deliver localised drug therapy and insufflation as well as being recharged from an extracorporeal power source to allow great longevity. Ultimately robotic technology may advance to the point where many conventional surgical interventions are no longer required. With respect to nanotechnology,surgery may eventually become obsolete.展开更多
Micro and Nano technology are engineering on an extremely small scale. Already they are being applied to create many new products. Nanotechnology is predicted to become the basis for remarkably powerful and inexpensiv...Micro and Nano technology are engineering on an extremely small scale. Already they are being applied to create many new products. Nanotechnology is predicted to become the basis for remarkably powerful and inexpensive computers, fundamentally new medical technologies that could save millions of lives, sensors important in military application as well as environmental protection. The main aim of this review is to concentrate information from different printed and online sources and help to make a right decision in very dynamic sensor market as well as let know what we should expect in the nearest future.展开更多
Purpose This study aimed to describe athlete workload over the course of a four-year collegiate lacrosse career.Methods Workload was evaluated each day of training and games using global positioning system microtechno...Purpose This study aimed to describe athlete workload over the course of a four-year collegiate lacrosse career.Methods Workload was evaluated each day of training and games using global positioning system microtechnology.Total workload for each athlete was calculated for each season of each year for total distance,high-intensity distance,accelerations,decelerations,and sprints.Data were tabulated as absolute and relative workloads with absolute workload representing an individual athlete and relative workload representing that athlete’s percentage of team mean workload.Results The workload of the entire lacrosse team was collected over four years containing the full career of six athletes.Across the five workload variables analyzed,athletes either maintained a workload near team mean workload or demonstrated an increase in workload towards the end of their careers.Conclusion As careers progressed,the variation in athlete workload decreased,and athletes approached the team’s average workload.Microtechnology may be useful in monitoring athlete workload over the course of a career.展开更多
文摘Minimal access surgery has revolutionised colorectal surgery by offering reduced morbidity and mortality over open surgery,while maintaining oncological and functional outcomes with the disadvantage of additional practical challenges. Robotic surgery aids the surgeon in overcoming these challenges. Uptake of robotic assistance has been relatively slow,mainly because of the high initial and ongoing costs of equipment but also because of limited evidence of improved patient outcomes. Advances in robotic colorectal surgery will aim to widen the scope of minimal access surgery to allow larger and more complex surgery through smaller access and natural orifices and also to make the technology more economical,allowing wider dispersal and uptake of robotic technology. Advances in robotic endoscopy will yield self-advancing endoscopes and a widening role for capsule endoscopy including the development of motile and steerable capsules able to deliver localised drug therapy and insufflation as well as being recharged from an extracorporeal power source to allow great longevity. Ultimately robotic technology may advance to the point where many conventional surgical interventions are no longer required. With respect to nanotechnology,surgery may eventually become obsolete.
文摘Micro and Nano technology are engineering on an extremely small scale. Already they are being applied to create many new products. Nanotechnology is predicted to become the basis for remarkably powerful and inexpensive computers, fundamentally new medical technologies that could save millions of lives, sensors important in military application as well as environmental protection. The main aim of this review is to concentrate information from different printed and online sources and help to make a right decision in very dynamic sensor market as well as let know what we should expect in the nearest future.
文摘Purpose This study aimed to describe athlete workload over the course of a four-year collegiate lacrosse career.Methods Workload was evaluated each day of training and games using global positioning system microtechnology.Total workload for each athlete was calculated for each season of each year for total distance,high-intensity distance,accelerations,decelerations,and sprints.Data were tabulated as absolute and relative workloads with absolute workload representing an individual athlete and relative workload representing that athlete’s percentage of team mean workload.Results The workload of the entire lacrosse team was collected over four years containing the full career of six athletes.Across the five workload variables analyzed,athletes either maintained a workload near team mean workload or demonstrated an increase in workload towards the end of their careers.Conclusion As careers progressed,the variation in athlete workload decreased,and athletes approached the team’s average workload.Microtechnology may be useful in monitoring athlete workload over the course of a career.
