Formate bioconversion plays a crucial role in achieving renewable resource utilization and green and sustainable development,as it helps convert formate to biofuels and biochemicals.However,to tap the full potential o...Formate bioconversion plays a crucial role in achieving renewable resource utilization and green and sustainable development,as it helps convert formate to biofuels and biochemicals.However,to tap the full potential of formate bioconversion,it is important to identify the most appropriate microbial hosts,design the most promising formate assimilation pathways,and develop the most efficient formate assimilation cell factories.Here,we summarize the formatotrophic microorganisms capable of assimilating formate into building blocks of cell growth and analyze the characteristics of formate assimilation pathways for transmitting formate into central carbon metabolism.Furthermore,we discuss microbial engineering strategies to improve the efficiency of formate utilization for producing high-value bioproducts.Finally,we highlight the key challenges of formate bioconversion and their possible solutions to advance the formate bioeconomy and biomanufacturing.展开更多
Whilst phosphorus(P)in soil is considered to be abundant,the portion available for plant uptake constitutes less than 1%of the overall P present.To enhance crop productivity,the utilization of mineral P fertilizers ha...Whilst phosphorus(P)in soil is considered to be abundant,the portion available for plant uptake constitutes less than 1%of the overall P present.To enhance crop productivity,the utilization of mineral P fertilizers has become pervasive in agriculture.Nonetheless,the escalating prices of chemical fertilizers,coupled with new European regulations prohibiting the use of P fertilizers containing cadmium,have highlighted the urgency to identify environmentally friendly products and practices for P fertilization in agricultural soils.This comprehensive review delves into the current landscape of P fertilization from agricultural,political,and economic standpoints.We recognize the potential of microbes in mobilizing P,but emphasize the necessity for more robust research to establish their effectiveness in promoting plant P uptake under real-world conditions.Additionally,we explore the role of agricultural conservation practices,such as optimal tillage,diversified cropping systems,and increased organic carbon input,in conserving P.Furthermore,this review contemplates forthcoming innovations in research.These innovations encompass the development of enhanced formulations for biofertilizers and the undertaking of more comprehensive studies within the realm of conservation agriculture.All these endeavors collectively hold the potential to augment P accessibility to plants in a sustainable manner,thereby advancing agricultural sustainability and productivity.展开更多
Soil microorganisms and labile soil organic carbon(SOC)fractions are essential factors affecting greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions in paddy fields.However,the effects of labile SOC fractions and microorganisms on GHG emiss...Soil microorganisms and labile soil organic carbon(SOC)fractions are essential factors affecting greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions in paddy fields.However,the effects of labile SOC fractions and microorganisms on GHG emissions from flooding to drying after organic fertilizer replacing for chemical fertilizer remain unclear.Here,a long-term experiment was conducted with four treatments:chemical fertilization only(control),organic fertilizer substituting 25%of chemical N fertilizer(NM1),50%of chemical N fertilizer(NM2),and NM2combined with crop straw(NMS).GHG emissions were monitored,and soil samples were collected to determine labile SOC fractions and microorganisms.Results revealed the GHG emissions in the NM2 significantly increased by 196.88%from flooding to drying,mainly due to the higher CO_(2) emissions.The GHG emissions per kg of C input in NMS was the lowest with the value of 9.17.From flooding to drying,organic fertilizer application significantly increased the readily oxidizable organic carbon(ROC)contents and C lability;the NM2 and NMS dramatically increased the SOC and non-readily oxidizable organic carbon(NROC).The bacterial communities showed significant differences among different treatments in the flooding,while the significant difference was only found between the NMS and other treatments in the drying.From flooding to drying,changing soil moisture conditions causes C fractions and microbial communities to jointly affect carbon emissions,and the NMS promoted carbon sequestration and mitigated GHG emissions.Our findings highlight the importance of the labile SOC fractions and microorganisms linked to GHG emissions in paddy fields.展开更多
Antimony smelting activities damage the soil and vegetation surroundings while generating economic value.However,no standardizedmethods are available to diagnose the extent of soil degradation at antimony smelting sit...Antimony smelting activities damage the soil and vegetation surroundings while generating economic value.However,no standardizedmethods are available to diagnose the extent of soil degradation at antimony smelting sites.This study developed a standardized framework for assessing soil quality by consideringmicrobial-induced resilience and heavymetal contamination at Xikuangshan antimony smelting site.The soil resilience index(SRI)and soil contamination index(SCI)were calculated byMinimum Data Set and geo-accumulation model,respectively.After standardized by a multi-criteria quantitative procedure of modified Nemerow’s pollution index(NPI),the integrated assessment of soil quality index(SQI),which is the minimumof SRINPI and SCINPI,was achieved.The results showed that Sb and As were the prominent metal(loid)pollutants,and significant correlations between SQI and SRI indicated that the poor soil quality was mainly caused by the low level of soil resilience.The primary limiting factors of SRI were Fungi in high andmiddle contaminated areas,and Skermanella in low contaminated area,suggesting that the weak soil resilience was caused by low specific microbial abundances.Microbial regulation and phytoremediation are greatly required to improve the soil quality at antimony smelting sites from the perspectives of pollution control and resilience improvement.This study improves our understanding of ecological effects of antimony smelting sites and provides a theoretical basis for ecological restoration and sustainable development of mining areas.展开更多
In a recent case report in the World Journal of Clinical Cases,emphasized the crucial role of rapidly and accurately identifying pathogens to optimize patient treatment outcomes.Laboratory-on-a-chip(LOC)technology has...In a recent case report in the World Journal of Clinical Cases,emphasized the crucial role of rapidly and accurately identifying pathogens to optimize patient treatment outcomes.Laboratory-on-a-chip(LOC)technology has emerged as a transformative tool in health care,offering rapid,sensitive,and specific identification of microorganisms.This editorial provides a comprehensive overview of LOC technology,highlighting its principles,advantages,applications,challenges,and future directions.Success studies from the field have demonstrated the practical benefits of LOC devices in clinical diagnostics,epidemiology,and food safety.Comparative studies have underscored the superiority of LOC technology over traditional methods,showcasing improvements in speed,accuracy,and portability.The future integration of LOC with biosensors,artificial intelligence,and data analytics promises further innovation and expansion.This call to action emphasizes the importance of continued research,investment,and adoption to realize the full potential of LOC technology in improving healthcare outcomes worldwide.展开更多
BACKGROUND In the absence of effective antimicrobials,transplant surgery is not viable,and antirejection immunosuppressants cannot be administered,as resistant infections compromise the life-saving goal of organ trans...BACKGROUND In the absence of effective antimicrobials,transplant surgery is not viable,and antirejection immunosuppressants cannot be administered,as resistant infections compromise the life-saving goal of organ transplantation.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobials in preventing resistance in solid organ transplant recipients.METHODS A systematic review was conducted using a search methodology consistent with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses.This review included randomized clinical trials that evaluated the efficacy of antimicrobial agents(prophylactic or therapeutic)aimed at preventing antimicrobial resistance.The search strategy involved analyzing multiple databases,including PubMed/MEDLINE,Web of Science,Embase,Scopus,and SciELO,as well as examining gray literature sources on Google Scholar.A comprehensive electronic database search was conducted from the databases’inception until May 2024,with no language restrictions.RESULTS After the final phase of the eligibility assessment,this systematic review ultimate-ly included 7 articles.A total of 2318 patients were studied.The most studied microorganisms were cytomegalovirus,although vancomycinresistant enterococci,Clostridioides difficile,and multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales were also analyzed.The antimicrobials used in the interventions were mainly maribavir,valganciclovir,gancic-lovir,and colistin-neomycin.Of concern,all clinical trials showed significant proportions of resistant microorga-nisms after the interventions,with no statistically significant differences between the groups(mean resistance 13.47%vs 14.39%),except for two studies that demonstrated greater efficacy of maribavir and valganciclovir(mean resistance 22.2%vs 41.1%in the control group;P<0.05).The total reported deaths in three clinical trials were 75,and there were 24 graft rejections in two studies.CONCLUSION All clinical trials reported significant proportions of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms following interventions.More high-quality randomized clinical trials are needed to corroborate these results.展开更多
[Objectives]To systematically investigate the microbial community composition of rhizosphere soil and endophytes associated with Pogostemon cablin,and to explore the relationships between endophytes and rhizosphere mi...[Objectives]To systematically investigate the microbial community composition of rhizosphere soil and endophytes associated with Pogostemon cablin,and to explore the relationships between endophytes and rhizosphere microorganisms as well as their potential applications.[Methods]Microbial isolates were obtained from rhizosphere soil,root tissues,and stem tissues using the serial dilution and spread plate method.These isolates were identified through morphological characterization,physiological and biochemical assays,and molecular biological techniques.[Results]A total of 18 microbial strains were isolated,including 7 bacterial and 11 fungal strains.Among the bacterial isolates,Pseudomonas spp.and Bacillus spp.were predominant,while the fungal isolates were mainly represented by Aspergillus spp.Certain bacterial strains,notably Pseudomonas spp.,exhibited potential abilities for indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)production,nitrogen fixation,and antagonistic activity against pathogenic microorganisms,suggesting their potential utility as biocontrol agents and promoters of plant growth.[Conclusions]This study establishes a foundational understanding of the microbial community characteristics in the rhizosphere and tissues of P.cablin,as well as their roles in plant growth and development.展开更多
The mathematical model for non-Newtonian magnetohydrodynamics flows across a vertically stretched surface with non-linear thermal radiation,mass and heat transfer rates,thermophoretic and Brownian movements,bio-convec...The mathematical model for non-Newtonian magnetohydrodynamics flows across a vertically stretched surface with non-linear thermal radiation,mass and heat transfer rates,thermophoretic and Brownian movements,bio-convection,and motile microbes considered in the present work.It is possible to regulate the nanomaterial suspension in the nanofluid using the growth of microbes.With the use of boundary layer approximation,highly nonlinear partial differential equations were derived for the present flow model.The nonlinear partial differential equations are converted into ordinary differential equations by utilizing similarity transmutations,which simplify them.Numerical elixirs for ordinary differential equations are found through bvp4c.This guarantees accurate results for profiles of temperature,concentration,velocity,and motile density.There is a good match between the numerical values shown graphically and the existing data.As the thermal radiation parameter rises,the flow temperature grows.Increasing Lewis number values is a sharp drop in the nanoparticle volume fraction.Bioconvection Lewis number reduces microorganism profiles.The research work focused on electrical systems,heat transfer,acoustics,chemical processing,rigid body dynamics,fluid mechanics,and solid mechanics,among others.展开更多
In Burkina Faso, as in other African countries, infertility has become a social burden for the population and a public health problem. Male infertility accounts for 30% to 40% of all infertility cases. The diagnosis o...In Burkina Faso, as in other African countries, infertility has become a social burden for the population and a public health problem. Male infertility accounts for 30% to 40% of all infertility cases. The diagnosis of male infertility or hypofertility is often made by a simple laboratory analysis of sperm to explore sperm parameters. In most African countries, such as Burkina Faso, microbiological analysis in the context of sperm analysis is still not developed, and is carried out solely based on microscopy and traditional culture, which does not allow the growth of fragile and demanding bacteria. Our study investigated the microorganisms of sperm that may be involved in male infertility, using conventional bacteriology techniques and real-time PCR. However, it did not intend to perform a multivariate statistical association analysis to estimate the association of microorganisms with abnormal semen parameters. This prospective cross-sectional pilot study was carried out on patients who visited the bacteriology laboratory of Centre MURAZ, a research Institute in Burkina Faso, for male infertility diagnosis between 2 August and 31 August 2021. Bacteria were isolated and identified using standard bacteriology techniques. In parallel, common pathogenic microorganisms known to be associated with male infertility were targeted and detected in the sperm using a multiplex real-time PCR assay. A total of 38 sperm samples were analyzed by bacteriological culture and bacteria isolated were Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) 5.55%, Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) and Staphylococcus hoemalyticus (S. hoemalyticus) respectively 2.70%. Real-time PCR targeted and detected Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) at 7.89%, Ureaplasma urealyticum (U. urealyticum) at 21.05%, Ureaplasma parvum (U. parvum) at 18.42%, Mycoplasma hominis (M. hominis) at 15.79%, Mycoplasma genitalium (M. genitalium) at 10.53% and Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis) at 2.63%. Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae) was targeted by the real-time PCR assay and was not detected (0%) in the tested semen samples. Our study highlights critical limitations of culture performance (low sensitivity), particularly in Burkina Faso, which has a total inability to detect microorganisms (fragile and demanding microorganisms) detected by PCR-based assays. There is therefore an urgent need to at least optimize culture, procedures and algorithms for detection of microorganisms associated with male infertility in clinical laboratories of Burkina Faso. The most effective solution is the routine implementation of molecular diagnostic methods.展开更多
To improve crop yields,global food production needs sustainable agronomic tools like Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria(PGPR).Region-adapted PGPR strains are crucial to increasing peanut production.Argentina is the ...To improve crop yields,global food production needs sustainable agronomic tools like Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria(PGPR).Region-adapted PGPR strains are crucial to increasing peanut production.Argentina is the seventh-largest peanut producer,and Cordoba is the main region with 250,000 ha(75%of the total sowing area).This study aimed to isolate,identify,and characterize the biocontrol and growth promotion capacity of PGPR strains belonging to the Bacillus and Pseudomonas genera.The strains were tested against Sclerotinia minor,Sclerotium rolfsii,Fusarium verticillioides,and Aspergillus flavus for biocontrol assays.For growth promotion,pot trials used two peanut cultivars,ASEM 400 INTA and Granoleico,under 40%and 60%field capacity under two water regimes.The isolated strains were Bacillus velezensis,B.subtilis,B.tequilensis,B.safensis,B.altitudinis,and Pseudomonas psychrophila.These strains demonstrated in-vitro phosphorus solubilization,nitrogen fixation,ammonification,nitrification,enzyme releasing,phytohormones production,and high biocontrol capacity of over 75%.SC6 and RI3(both B.velezensis)and P10(P.psychrophila)exhibited outstanding performance.They significantly promoted peanut root biomass by more than 50%and leaf area by 30%,with increased chlorophyll content index and leaf relative water content,particularly under water stress conditions(40%field capacity).According to the results,RI3,SC6,and P10 could be classified as PGPR,which supports the results obtained in other field studies with these same microorganisms.Future investigations should prioritize the development of industrial formulations to assess their effectiveness in alternative crops and to incorporate them into other agricultural practices.展开更多
[Objectives]To explore the effects of high soil temperature stress on microorganisms utilizing different carbon sources in the rhizosphere of pepper seedlings.[Methods]Using seedlings of the main pepper cultivar‘Reyi...[Objectives]To explore the effects of high soil temperature stress on microorganisms utilizing different carbon sources in the rhizosphere of pepper seedlings.[Methods]Using seedlings of the main pepper cultivar‘Reyin 1’as experimental materials,five soil temperature gradients(25,30,35,40,and 45℃)were established.After a 96 d cultivation,soil nutrient content and soil microbial functional diversity were measured to elucidate the impact of high soil temperature on the soil microenvironment.[Results]As soil temperature increased,the contents of total nitrogen,alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus,and rapidly available potassium generally showed a decreasing trend.However,under the 45℃ treatment,the contents of total nitrogen,available phosphorus,and rapidly available potassium were the highest among all treatments,although the alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen content was significantly lower compared to the other treatments.BIOLOG analysis revealed that with increasing soil temperature,the average soil microbial absorbance value and the Shannon diversity index decreased significantly.In contrast,the Shannon evenness index and the Simpson dominance index showed no significant differences across the different temperature treatments.This indicates that as soil temperature rises,the carbon source utilization capacity of the soil microbial community decreases,leading to reduced overall carbon metabolic activity and microbial functional diversity,while the dominant microbial populations remained unchanged during this process.Principal component analysis further confirmed effective separation among the different temperature treatments,suggesting that high soil stress significantly altered the structure of the soil microbial community.[Conclusions]In practical production,appropriate measures should be taken to decrease soil temperature to create a favorable rhizosphere microenvironment and thereby promote crop growth.展开更多
Electrochemiluminescence(ECL)technology has emerged as a pivotal tool in the field of pathogen detection due to its high sensitivity,strong specificity,operational convenience,and adaptability to complex biological sa...Electrochemiluminescence(ECL)technology has emerged as a pivotal tool in the field of pathogen detection due to its high sensitivity,strong specificity,operational convenience,and adaptability to complex biological samples.This paper systematically elucidates the fundamental mechanisms and classification characteristics of ECL technology,with a particular focus on its applications in detecting nucleic acids,proteins,metabolites,and drug-resistant mutants of pathogenic microorganisms.Through comparative analysis with traditional detection methods,the technological advantages and suitable scenarios of ECL are highlighted.Furthermore,this paper delves into the existing challenges of ECL technology in clinical applications,providing a theoretical basis for advancing its translational use in pathogen diagnostics.展开更多
Marine natural products have long been recognized as a vast and diverse source of bioactive compounds with potential therapeutic applications,particularly in oncology.This review provides an updated overview of the si...Marine natural products have long been recognized as a vast and diverse source of bioactive compounds with potential therapeutic applications,particularly in oncology.This review provides an updated overview of the significant advances made in the discovery and development of marine-derived anticancer drugs between 2019 and 2023.With a focus on recent research findings,the review explores the rich biodiversity of marine organisms,including sponges,corals,algae,and microorganisms,which have yielded numerous compounds exhibiting promising anticancer properties.Emphasizing the multifaceted mechanisms of action,the review discusses the molecular targets and pathways targeted by these compounds,such as cell cycle regulation,apoptosis induction,angiogenesis inhibition,and modulation of signaling pathways.Additionally,the review highlights the innovative strategies employed in the isolation,structural elucidation,and chemical modification of marine natural products to enhance their potency,selectivity,and pharmacological properties.Furthermore,it addresses the challenges and opportunities associated with the development of marine-derived anticancer drugs,including issues related to supply,sustainability,synthesis,and clinical translation.Finally,the review underscores the immense potential of marine natural products as a valuable reservoir of novel anticancer agents and advocates for continued exploration and exploitation of the marine environment to address the unmet medical needs in cancer therapy.展开更多
Objective:To determine the relationship between the color of vaginal discharge and the volume of vaginal discharge and the types of microorganisms in the genital organs.Methods:Cross-sectional study by conducting vagi...Objective:To determine the relationship between the color of vaginal discharge and the volume of vaginal discharge and the types of microorganisms in the genital organs.Methods:Cross-sectional study by conducting vaginal swab examinations on 56 women with complaints of vaginal discharge in Bareng Lor Village,Klaten,and Sewugalur,Kulon Progo,Indonesia.A vaginal swab was carried out with a Gram examination.Data were coded and analyzed using the chi-c test.Results:The color of vaginal discharge was divided into:non-vaginal discharge 16.1%(9/56),white/clear/mucoid 50%(28/56),greenish/white 14.3%(8/56),brownish white/brown 3.6%(2/56),powdery and white 3.6%(2/56),post coitus bleeding 7.1%(4/56),and other complaints(itching,odor,erosion)5.4%(3/56).The volume of vaginal discharge was divided into:normal 16.1%(9/56),a little 48.2%(27/56),and a lot 35.7%(20/56).The types of microorganisms obtained were:no microorganisms growing 8.9%(5/56),Gram positive cocci/bacilli 7.1%(4/56),Gram negative cocci/bacilli 19.6%(11/56),Gram positive/negative coccobacilli 7.1%(4/56),growth of>2 bacteria 42.9%(24/56),and fungus/yeast cells/clue cells 14.3%(8/56).There is a significant relationship between volume and type of microorganisms(P=0.011),while the relationship between color/type of vaginal discharge and microorganisms is not significantly related.Conclusions:The volume of vaginal discharge reflects the presence of risky microorganisms.展开更多
Mechanical activation (MA) is a significant pretreatment technique for enhancing the dissolution of mineral;however, its promotion effect on the role of pyrite during chalcopyrite bioleaching has not been elucidated u...Mechanical activation (MA) is a significant pretreatment technique for enhancing the dissolution of mineral;however, its promotion effect on the role of pyrite during chalcopyrite bioleaching has not been elucidated up to now. In this study, the effect of MA on the role of pyrite on chalcopyrite bioleaching mediated by Acidithiobacillus ferroxidans was investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, particle size distribution analysis, and electrochemical measurement. The results showed MA could significantly reduce the minerals particle size, and increase the specific surface area and surface energy of minerals. For example, the d50 of chalcopyrite reduced from 13.40 to 0.31 μm after MA. The copper extraction of mixed MA-chalcopyrite and MA-pyrite system was 63.4%, which exhibited a 51.8% enhancement compared to the non-activated mixed system. Electrochemical experiments identified that the strengthening effect of pyrite on chalcopyrite dissolution was negligible before MA. After MA, the dissolution mechanism of chalcopyrite was not changed, and pyrite could not only provide additional oxidants (acids and iron) but also act as the cathode in the galvanic couple. In this case, the bioleaching of chalcopyrite was accelerated. Therefore, a model of the promotion effect of mechanical activation on the role of pyrite on chalcopyrite bioleaching was proposed.展开更多
Electroactive microorganisms are integral to biogeochemical cycles through extracellular electron transfer and have potential applications in environmental remediation.However,their long-term competitive interactions ...Electroactive microorganisms are integral to biogeochemical cycles through extracellular electron transfer and have potential applications in environmental remediation.However,their long-term competitive interactions and evolutionary dynamics with non-electroactive microorganisms remain poorly understood.In this study,we conducted a 320-day cultivation experiment in which monocultures of the electroactive Shewanella oneidensis MR-1,the non-electroactive Citrobacter freundii An1,and their cocultures were compared under three single electron acceptor conditions:anaerobic(no exogenous electron acceptor),ferrihydrite,or oxygen.After 320 d,S.oneidensis MR-1 presented the highest relative abundance of 30.94%±0.74%in the ferrihydrite cocultures.S.oneidensis MR-1 maintained ferrihydrite reduction capacity after cultivation under all three conditions,indicating the long-term stability of its extracellular electron transfer.Moreover,no other phenotypic evolution was observed in S.oneidensis MR-1 after ferrihydrite or anaerobic cultivation.In contrast,both monocultured and cocultured S.oneidensis MR-1 exhibited enhanced adaptation to oxygen,characterized by increased growth rates,metabolic activity,and reduced cell aggregation.Notably,substrate consumption increased in monocultures but decreased in cocultures,suggesting an optimization of metabolic efficiency in the latter.Genome sequencing revealed mutations in genes associated with cell division,adenosine triphosphate synthesis,lactate metabolism,and flagellar/pilus expression in S.oneidensis MR-1.Interestingly,the ferrihydrite-adapted groups also exhibited enhanced adaptation to oxygen.83.96%of mutations were shared across all culture systems and enriched in environmental signal-sensing pathways,indicating that parallel genomic evolution facilitated cross-environmental adaptation.Our findings reveal the ecological evolution of electroactive microorganisms in diverse redox environments and establish a foundation for engineering electroactive communities.展开更多
A halophilic bacterium,named Halomonas sp.NEC-1 was isolated from the Nyer Co Salt Lake on the Xizang Plateau,SW China.The strain exhibited a broad pH tolerance range of 5-11,distinguishing it from Halomonas alkaliphi...A halophilic bacterium,named Halomonas sp.NEC-1 was isolated from the Nyer Co Salt Lake on the Xizang Plateau,SW China.The strain exhibited a broad pH tolerance range of 5-11,distinguishing it from Halomonas alkaliphila despite a 99% genetic similarity.Optimal growth conditions,determined through orthogonal experiments,were found to be 37℃,100-g/L salinity,and an initial pH of 6,resulting in a maximum OD_(600) of 7.98±0.06.Halomonas sp.NEC-1 produced 545.43±25.10 mg/L of ectoine under optimal conditions of 75-g/L salinity,40-g/L sodium glutamate,and an initial pH of 6.This production increased to 1388.81±3.69 mg/L after five rounds of hypo-osmotic shocks.During the shocks,ectoine productivity remained stable at approximately 16.29±0.04 to 17.28±0.48 mg/(L·h),representing a 43.40%-52.11% increase compared to the rate without any shock(11.36±1.05 mg/(L·h)).Additionally,the expression of the ectABC gene cluster,related to ectoine synthesis,significantly increased following the shocks,enhancing ectoine production.The ectoine extract demonstrated notable protective effects on Escherichia coli and plasmid DNA.After 10 min of exposure at 60℃,the colony count of E.coli treated with ectoine extract increased by 342% compared to treatment with distilled water.Furthermore,the ectoine extract protected plasmid DNA from 2,2′-Azobis(2-methylpropionamidine)dihydrochloride-induced damage.This study highlights Halomonas sp.NEC-1 is a promising strain for ectoine production and underscores the potential of microbial resources in salt lakes from Xizang region.展开更多
Viruses, notably airborne viruses, are difficult to collect and detect because of the low concentrations of environmental microorganisms. Bacteriophages are frequently used in air experiments as suitable surrogates fo...Viruses, notably airborne viruses, are difficult to collect and detect because of the low concentrations of environmental microorganisms. Bacteriophages are frequently used in air experiments as suitable surrogates for human and animal viruses^([1]). Bacteriophages are non-pathogenic, so they are safe for laboratory workers and do not require specialized biological protection measures.Bacteriophages can be prepared at high titers using simple and low-cost methods.展开更多
The extreme environment of the polar regions has driven the evolution of unique metabolic mechanisms in microorganisms,resulting in structurally diverse and highly active secondary metabolites.These metabolites are no...The extreme environment of the polar regions has driven the evolution of unique metabolic mechanisms in microorganisms,resulting in structurally diverse and highly active secondary metabolites.These metabolites are not only crucial for microbial adaptation to extreme conditions,but also exhibit significant potential for applications in medicine,agriculture(e.g.,biocontrol),and industry.This review provides a comprehensive overview of 111 secondary metabolites derived from polar microorganisms reported between 2013 and 2025,with a focus on advances in their classification,biological activities,and biosynthetic gene cluster mining techniques.Additionally,it highlights key strategies for advancing future investigations,providing a valuable reference for continued exploration in this promising field.Notably,polar microbial secondary metabolites also hold promising applications in agriculture,particularly in biocontrol,soil health enhancement,and stress-resistant crop development.展开更多
Sharp eyespot(Rhizoctonia cerealis)is a widespread soil-borne fungal disease that poses a severe threat to wheat health,and it is one of the main obstacles to achieving stable and high-quality wheat yields in China.Ou...Sharp eyespot(Rhizoctonia cerealis)is a widespread soil-borne fungal disease that poses a severe threat to wheat health,and it is one of the main obstacles to achieving stable and high-quality wheat yields in China.Our collaborative team has developed a novel,efficient,and low-toxicity fungicide named Y17991(N-(2-(2,4-bis-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)phenyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide).Preliminary laboratory tests confirmed the significant inhibitory effect of this agent on R.cerealis.Large-area field trials also demonstrated its efficacy,with a disease prevention index of 83.52%,which is 1.97%greater than that of the widely used thifluzamide,and it significantly increased the wheat yield.Moreover,this study explored the impacts of Y17991 on the structure and function of the microbial community in wheat rhizosphere soil.Bacterial communities were more strongly affected than fungal communities.Y17991 significantly modulated key amino acid metabolic pathways and certain biosynthetic processes in diseased wheat rhizospheres,and it also enhanced certain biosynthetic pathways and metabolic activities in healthy wheat rhizospheres.Additionally,the application of Y17991 regulated rhizosphere metabolites,thus exerting significant control over the microbial community.We identified 15 microbial strains potentially involved in the prevention and treatment of R.cerealis,and Y17991 treatment promoted the growth of Pedobacter and Bacillus strains.These strains not only aid in plant growth but they also have the potential for disease prevention.In summary,Y17991 application at a reasonable dose does not cause significant disruption to nontarget rhizosphere microbial communities.In future studies,we will continue to investigate the impacts of Y17991 on nonmicrobial components in soil ecosystems,such as protozoa and nematodes.Our research provides a theoretical basis for the scientific application and promotion of new fungicides and offers a significant reference for establishing a comprehensive system for assessing the ecological impact of pesticides on the environment.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22378166)the Basic Research Program of Jiangsu and Jiangsu Basic Research Center for Synthetic Biology(BK20233003)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JUSRP622001)the Open Funding Project of Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology Ministry of Education(KLIB-KF202403).
文摘Formate bioconversion plays a crucial role in achieving renewable resource utilization and green and sustainable development,as it helps convert formate to biofuels and biochemicals.However,to tap the full potential of formate bioconversion,it is important to identify the most appropriate microbial hosts,design the most promising formate assimilation pathways,and develop the most efficient formate assimilation cell factories.Here,we summarize the formatotrophic microorganisms capable of assimilating formate into building blocks of cell growth and analyze the characteristics of formate assimilation pathways for transmitting formate into central carbon metabolism.Furthermore,we discuss microbial engineering strategies to improve the efficiency of formate utilization for producing high-value bioproducts.Finally,we highlight the key challenges of formate bioconversion and their possible solutions to advance the formate bioeconomy and biomanufacturing.
基金financed by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and the European Regional Development Fund(ERDF)(No.PID20211234690BI00)the European Joint Program EJP_Soil(TRACE-Soils)(No.862695)+1 种基金the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation(RED2018-102624TMCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033)the Project PREPSOIL European Union(No.101070045,HORIZON CSA)。
文摘Whilst phosphorus(P)in soil is considered to be abundant,the portion available for plant uptake constitutes less than 1%of the overall P present.To enhance crop productivity,the utilization of mineral P fertilizers has become pervasive in agriculture.Nonetheless,the escalating prices of chemical fertilizers,coupled with new European regulations prohibiting the use of P fertilizers containing cadmium,have highlighted the urgency to identify environmentally friendly products and practices for P fertilization in agricultural soils.This comprehensive review delves into the current landscape of P fertilization from agricultural,political,and economic standpoints.We recognize the potential of microbes in mobilizing P,but emphasize the necessity for more robust research to establish their effectiveness in promoting plant P uptake under real-world conditions.Additionally,we explore the role of agricultural conservation practices,such as optimal tillage,diversified cropping systems,and increased organic carbon input,in conserving P.Furthermore,this review contemplates forthcoming innovations in research.These innovations encompass the development of enhanced formulations for biofertilizers and the undertaking of more comprehensive studies within the realm of conservation agriculture.All these endeavors collectively hold the potential to augment P accessibility to plants in a sustainable manner,thereby advancing agricultural sustainability and productivity.
基金the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42107247)the National Key Research and Development Project(No.2022YFD1901605)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(Nos.2025YFHZ0142 and 2024NSFSC0800)the Tobacco Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(No.SCYC202407)。
文摘Soil microorganisms and labile soil organic carbon(SOC)fractions are essential factors affecting greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions in paddy fields.However,the effects of labile SOC fractions and microorganisms on GHG emissions from flooding to drying after organic fertilizer replacing for chemical fertilizer remain unclear.Here,a long-term experiment was conducted with four treatments:chemical fertilization only(control),organic fertilizer substituting 25%of chemical N fertilizer(NM1),50%of chemical N fertilizer(NM2),and NM2combined with crop straw(NMS).GHG emissions were monitored,and soil samples were collected to determine labile SOC fractions and microorganisms.Results revealed the GHG emissions in the NM2 significantly increased by 196.88%from flooding to drying,mainly due to the higher CO_(2) emissions.The GHG emissions per kg of C input in NMS was the lowest with the value of 9.17.From flooding to drying,organic fertilizer application significantly increased the readily oxidizable organic carbon(ROC)contents and C lability;the NM2 and NMS dramatically increased the SOC and non-readily oxidizable organic carbon(NROC).The bacterial communities showed significant differences among different treatments in the flooding,while the significant difference was only found between the NMS and other treatments in the drying.From flooding to drying,changing soil moisture conditions causes C fractions and microbial communities to jointly affect carbon emissions,and the NMS promoted carbon sequestration and mitigated GHG emissions.Our findings highlight the importance of the labile SOC fractions and microorganisms linked to GHG emissions in paddy fields.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2019YFC1803604)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.42007306 and 42277193).
文摘Antimony smelting activities damage the soil and vegetation surroundings while generating economic value.However,no standardizedmethods are available to diagnose the extent of soil degradation at antimony smelting sites.This study developed a standardized framework for assessing soil quality by consideringmicrobial-induced resilience and heavymetal contamination at Xikuangshan antimony smelting site.The soil resilience index(SRI)and soil contamination index(SCI)were calculated byMinimum Data Set and geo-accumulation model,respectively.After standardized by a multi-criteria quantitative procedure of modified Nemerow’s pollution index(NPI),the integrated assessment of soil quality index(SQI),which is the minimumof SRINPI and SCINPI,was achieved.The results showed that Sb and As were the prominent metal(loid)pollutants,and significant correlations between SQI and SRI indicated that the poor soil quality was mainly caused by the low level of soil resilience.The primary limiting factors of SRI were Fungi in high andmiddle contaminated areas,and Skermanella in low contaminated area,suggesting that the weak soil resilience was caused by low specific microbial abundances.Microbial regulation and phytoremediation are greatly required to improve the soil quality at antimony smelting sites from the perspectives of pollution control and resilience improvement.This study improves our understanding of ecological effects of antimony smelting sites and provides a theoretical basis for ecological restoration and sustainable development of mining areas.
文摘In a recent case report in the World Journal of Clinical Cases,emphasized the crucial role of rapidly and accurately identifying pathogens to optimize patient treatment outcomes.Laboratory-on-a-chip(LOC)technology has emerged as a transformative tool in health care,offering rapid,sensitive,and specific identification of microorganisms.This editorial provides a comprehensive overview of LOC technology,highlighting its principles,advantages,applications,challenges,and future directions.Success studies from the field have demonstrated the practical benefits of LOC devices in clinical diagnostics,epidemiology,and food safety.Comparative studies have underscored the superiority of LOC technology over traditional methods,showcasing improvements in speed,accuracy,and portability.The future integration of LOC with biosensors,artificial intelligence,and data analytics promises further innovation and expansion.This call to action emphasizes the importance of continued research,investment,and adoption to realize the full potential of LOC technology in improving healthcare outcomes worldwide.
文摘BACKGROUND In the absence of effective antimicrobials,transplant surgery is not viable,and antirejection immunosuppressants cannot be administered,as resistant infections compromise the life-saving goal of organ transplantation.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobials in preventing resistance in solid organ transplant recipients.METHODS A systematic review was conducted using a search methodology consistent with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses.This review included randomized clinical trials that evaluated the efficacy of antimicrobial agents(prophylactic or therapeutic)aimed at preventing antimicrobial resistance.The search strategy involved analyzing multiple databases,including PubMed/MEDLINE,Web of Science,Embase,Scopus,and SciELO,as well as examining gray literature sources on Google Scholar.A comprehensive electronic database search was conducted from the databases’inception until May 2024,with no language restrictions.RESULTS After the final phase of the eligibility assessment,this systematic review ultimate-ly included 7 articles.A total of 2318 patients were studied.The most studied microorganisms were cytomegalovirus,although vancomycinresistant enterococci,Clostridioides difficile,and multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales were also analyzed.The antimicrobials used in the interventions were mainly maribavir,valganciclovir,gancic-lovir,and colistin-neomycin.Of concern,all clinical trials showed significant proportions of resistant microorga-nisms after the interventions,with no statistically significant differences between the groups(mean resistance 13.47%vs 14.39%),except for two studies that demonstrated greater efficacy of maribavir and valganciclovir(mean resistance 22.2%vs 41.1%in the control group;P<0.05).The total reported deaths in three clinical trials were 75,and there were 24 graft rejections in two studies.CONCLUSION All clinical trials reported significant proportions of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms following interventions.More high-quality randomized clinical trials are needed to corroborate these results.
基金Supported by Rural Science and Technology Commissioner Project of Guangdong Province(KTP20240806).
文摘[Objectives]To systematically investigate the microbial community composition of rhizosphere soil and endophytes associated with Pogostemon cablin,and to explore the relationships between endophytes and rhizosphere microorganisms as well as their potential applications.[Methods]Microbial isolates were obtained from rhizosphere soil,root tissues,and stem tissues using the serial dilution and spread plate method.These isolates were identified through morphological characterization,physiological and biochemical assays,and molecular biological techniques.[Results]A total of 18 microbial strains were isolated,including 7 bacterial and 11 fungal strains.Among the bacterial isolates,Pseudomonas spp.and Bacillus spp.were predominant,while the fungal isolates were mainly represented by Aspergillus spp.Certain bacterial strains,notably Pseudomonas spp.,exhibited potential abilities for indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)production,nitrogen fixation,and antagonistic activity against pathogenic microorganisms,suggesting their potential utility as biocontrol agents and promoters of plant growth.[Conclusions]This study establishes a foundational understanding of the microbial community characteristics in the rhizosphere and tissues of P.cablin,as well as their roles in plant growth and development.
基金U.F.-G.was supported by the Mobility Lab Foundation,a governmental organization of the Provincial Council of Araba,and the local council of Vitoria-Gasteiz.S.Noeiaghdam was supported by the Henan Academy of Sciences(Project No.241819246).
文摘The mathematical model for non-Newtonian magnetohydrodynamics flows across a vertically stretched surface with non-linear thermal radiation,mass and heat transfer rates,thermophoretic and Brownian movements,bio-convection,and motile microbes considered in the present work.It is possible to regulate the nanomaterial suspension in the nanofluid using the growth of microbes.With the use of boundary layer approximation,highly nonlinear partial differential equations were derived for the present flow model.The nonlinear partial differential equations are converted into ordinary differential equations by utilizing similarity transmutations,which simplify them.Numerical elixirs for ordinary differential equations are found through bvp4c.This guarantees accurate results for profiles of temperature,concentration,velocity,and motile density.There is a good match between the numerical values shown graphically and the existing data.As the thermal radiation parameter rises,the flow temperature grows.Increasing Lewis number values is a sharp drop in the nanoparticle volume fraction.Bioconvection Lewis number reduces microorganism profiles.The research work focused on electrical systems,heat transfer,acoustics,chemical processing,rigid body dynamics,fluid mechanics,and solid mechanics,among others.
文摘In Burkina Faso, as in other African countries, infertility has become a social burden for the population and a public health problem. Male infertility accounts for 30% to 40% of all infertility cases. The diagnosis of male infertility or hypofertility is often made by a simple laboratory analysis of sperm to explore sperm parameters. In most African countries, such as Burkina Faso, microbiological analysis in the context of sperm analysis is still not developed, and is carried out solely based on microscopy and traditional culture, which does not allow the growth of fragile and demanding bacteria. Our study investigated the microorganisms of sperm that may be involved in male infertility, using conventional bacteriology techniques and real-time PCR. However, it did not intend to perform a multivariate statistical association analysis to estimate the association of microorganisms with abnormal semen parameters. This prospective cross-sectional pilot study was carried out on patients who visited the bacteriology laboratory of Centre MURAZ, a research Institute in Burkina Faso, for male infertility diagnosis between 2 August and 31 August 2021. Bacteria were isolated and identified using standard bacteriology techniques. In parallel, common pathogenic microorganisms known to be associated with male infertility were targeted and detected in the sperm using a multiplex real-time PCR assay. A total of 38 sperm samples were analyzed by bacteriological culture and bacteria isolated were Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) 5.55%, Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) and Staphylococcus hoemalyticus (S. hoemalyticus) respectively 2.70%. Real-time PCR targeted and detected Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) at 7.89%, Ureaplasma urealyticum (U. urealyticum) at 21.05%, Ureaplasma parvum (U. parvum) at 18.42%, Mycoplasma hominis (M. hominis) at 15.79%, Mycoplasma genitalium (M. genitalium) at 10.53% and Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis) at 2.63%. Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae) was targeted by the real-time PCR assay and was not detected (0%) in the tested semen samples. Our study highlights critical limitations of culture performance (low sensitivity), particularly in Burkina Faso, which has a total inability to detect microorganisms (fragile and demanding microorganisms) detected by PCR-based assays. There is therefore an urgent need to at least optimize culture, procedures and algorithms for detection of microorganisms associated with male infertility in clinical laboratories of Burkina Faso. The most effective solution is the routine implementation of molecular diagnostic methods.
基金the Universidad Nacional de Co rdoba,Argentina,and the Secretaría de Cienciay Tecnología (UNC,SECyT) for the financial support of the CONSOLIDAR 2018–2022 project‘EFECTO DE LOS MICROORGANISMOS PROMOTORES DEL CRECIMIENTO SOBRE LA ECOFISIOLOGíA Y EL CONTROL DE ENFERMEDADES EN EL CULTIVO DE MANí.'the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET) for the doctoral fellowshipthe University of Córdoba (Spain) for the support provided through the “Plan Propio de Investigación” 2020–2024。
文摘To improve crop yields,global food production needs sustainable agronomic tools like Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria(PGPR).Region-adapted PGPR strains are crucial to increasing peanut production.Argentina is the seventh-largest peanut producer,and Cordoba is the main region with 250,000 ha(75%of the total sowing area).This study aimed to isolate,identify,and characterize the biocontrol and growth promotion capacity of PGPR strains belonging to the Bacillus and Pseudomonas genera.The strains were tested against Sclerotinia minor,Sclerotium rolfsii,Fusarium verticillioides,and Aspergillus flavus for biocontrol assays.For growth promotion,pot trials used two peanut cultivars,ASEM 400 INTA and Granoleico,under 40%and 60%field capacity under two water regimes.The isolated strains were Bacillus velezensis,B.subtilis,B.tequilensis,B.safensis,B.altitudinis,and Pseudomonas psychrophila.These strains demonstrated in-vitro phosphorus solubilization,nitrogen fixation,ammonification,nitrification,enzyme releasing,phytohormones production,and high biocontrol capacity of over 75%.SC6 and RI3(both B.velezensis)and P10(P.psychrophila)exhibited outstanding performance.They significantly promoted peanut root biomass by more than 50%and leaf area by 30%,with increased chlorophyll content index and leaf relative water content,particularly under water stress conditions(40%field capacity).According to the results,RI3,SC6,and P10 could be classified as PGPR,which supports the results obtained in other field studies with these same microorganisms.Future investigations should prioritize the development of industrial formulations to assess their effectiveness in alternative crops and to incorporate them into other agricultural practices.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province(320MS108)Scientific and Technological Innovation Team of the National Center for Tropical Agricultural Science,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences(CATASCXTD202303)Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Utilization of Spice and Beverage Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Quality Regulation for Tropical Spice and Beverage Crops,or Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Tropical Spice and Beverage Crops(2019xys007).
文摘[Objectives]To explore the effects of high soil temperature stress on microorganisms utilizing different carbon sources in the rhizosphere of pepper seedlings.[Methods]Using seedlings of the main pepper cultivar‘Reyin 1’as experimental materials,five soil temperature gradients(25,30,35,40,and 45℃)were established.After a 96 d cultivation,soil nutrient content and soil microbial functional diversity were measured to elucidate the impact of high soil temperature on the soil microenvironment.[Results]As soil temperature increased,the contents of total nitrogen,alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus,and rapidly available potassium generally showed a decreasing trend.However,under the 45℃ treatment,the contents of total nitrogen,available phosphorus,and rapidly available potassium were the highest among all treatments,although the alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen content was significantly lower compared to the other treatments.BIOLOG analysis revealed that with increasing soil temperature,the average soil microbial absorbance value and the Shannon diversity index decreased significantly.In contrast,the Shannon evenness index and the Simpson dominance index showed no significant differences across the different temperature treatments.This indicates that as soil temperature rises,the carbon source utilization capacity of the soil microbial community decreases,leading to reduced overall carbon metabolic activity and microbial functional diversity,while the dominant microbial populations remained unchanged during this process.Principal component analysis further confirmed effective separation among the different temperature treatments,suggesting that high soil stress significantly altered the structure of the soil microbial community.[Conclusions]In practical production,appropriate measures should be taken to decrease soil temperature to create a favorable rhizosphere microenvironment and thereby promote crop growth.
基金supported by the Joint Funds for the innovation of science and Technology,Fujian province(Grant number:2021Y9014).
文摘Electrochemiluminescence(ECL)technology has emerged as a pivotal tool in the field of pathogen detection due to its high sensitivity,strong specificity,operational convenience,and adaptability to complex biological samples.This paper systematically elucidates the fundamental mechanisms and classification characteristics of ECL technology,with a particular focus on its applications in detecting nucleic acids,proteins,metabolites,and drug-resistant mutants of pathogenic microorganisms.Through comparative analysis with traditional detection methods,the technological advantages and suitable scenarios of ECL are highlighted.Furthermore,this paper delves into the existing challenges of ECL technology in clinical applications,providing a theoretical basis for advancing its translational use in pathogen diagnostics.
文摘Marine natural products have long been recognized as a vast and diverse source of bioactive compounds with potential therapeutic applications,particularly in oncology.This review provides an updated overview of the significant advances made in the discovery and development of marine-derived anticancer drugs between 2019 and 2023.With a focus on recent research findings,the review explores the rich biodiversity of marine organisms,including sponges,corals,algae,and microorganisms,which have yielded numerous compounds exhibiting promising anticancer properties.Emphasizing the multifaceted mechanisms of action,the review discusses the molecular targets and pathways targeted by these compounds,such as cell cycle regulation,apoptosis induction,angiogenesis inhibition,and modulation of signaling pathways.Additionally,the review highlights the innovative strategies employed in the isolation,structural elucidation,and chemical modification of marine natural products to enhance their potency,selectivity,and pharmacological properties.Furthermore,it addresses the challenges and opportunities associated with the development of marine-derived anticancer drugs,including issues related to supply,sustainability,synthesis,and clinical translation.Finally,the review underscores the immense potential of marine natural products as a valuable reservoir of novel anticancer agents and advocates for continued exploration and exploitation of the marine environment to address the unmet medical needs in cancer therapy.
基金supported by Hibah pengabdian masyarakat internal UMY tahun 2023/2024(No.ID CJ4487-MyHAM).
文摘Objective:To determine the relationship between the color of vaginal discharge and the volume of vaginal discharge and the types of microorganisms in the genital organs.Methods:Cross-sectional study by conducting vaginal swab examinations on 56 women with complaints of vaginal discharge in Bareng Lor Village,Klaten,and Sewugalur,Kulon Progo,Indonesia.A vaginal swab was carried out with a Gram examination.Data were coded and analyzed using the chi-c test.Results:The color of vaginal discharge was divided into:non-vaginal discharge 16.1%(9/56),white/clear/mucoid 50%(28/56),greenish/white 14.3%(8/56),brownish white/brown 3.6%(2/56),powdery and white 3.6%(2/56),post coitus bleeding 7.1%(4/56),and other complaints(itching,odor,erosion)5.4%(3/56).The volume of vaginal discharge was divided into:normal 16.1%(9/56),a little 48.2%(27/56),and a lot 35.7%(20/56).The types of microorganisms obtained were:no microorganisms growing 8.9%(5/56),Gram positive cocci/bacilli 7.1%(4/56),Gram negative cocci/bacilli 19.6%(11/56),Gram positive/negative coccobacilli 7.1%(4/56),growth of>2 bacteria 42.9%(24/56),and fungus/yeast cells/clue cells 14.3%(8/56).There is a significant relationship between volume and type of microorganisms(P=0.011),while the relationship between color/type of vaginal discharge and microorganisms is not significantly related.Conclusions:The volume of vaginal discharge reflects the presence of risky microorganisms.
基金Project(GZC20233199) supported by the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF,ChinaProject(2022YFC2105300) supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China。
文摘Mechanical activation (MA) is a significant pretreatment technique for enhancing the dissolution of mineral;however, its promotion effect on the role of pyrite during chalcopyrite bioleaching has not been elucidated up to now. In this study, the effect of MA on the role of pyrite on chalcopyrite bioleaching mediated by Acidithiobacillus ferroxidans was investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, particle size distribution analysis, and electrochemical measurement. The results showed MA could significantly reduce the minerals particle size, and increase the specific surface area and surface energy of minerals. For example, the d50 of chalcopyrite reduced from 13.40 to 0.31 μm after MA. The copper extraction of mixed MA-chalcopyrite and MA-pyrite system was 63.4%, which exhibited a 51.8% enhancement compared to the non-activated mixed system. Electrochemical experiments identified that the strengthening effect of pyrite on chalcopyrite dissolution was negligible before MA. After MA, the dissolution mechanism of chalcopyrite was not changed, and pyrite could not only provide additional oxidants (acids and iron) but also act as the cathode in the galvanic couple. In this case, the bioleaching of chalcopyrite was accelerated. Therefore, a model of the promotion effect of mechanical activation on the role of pyrite on chalcopyrite bioleaching was proposed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22276183)the Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.IUE-JBGS-202212)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.Y2022082).
文摘Electroactive microorganisms are integral to biogeochemical cycles through extracellular electron transfer and have potential applications in environmental remediation.However,their long-term competitive interactions and evolutionary dynamics with non-electroactive microorganisms remain poorly understood.In this study,we conducted a 320-day cultivation experiment in which monocultures of the electroactive Shewanella oneidensis MR-1,the non-electroactive Citrobacter freundii An1,and their cocultures were compared under three single electron acceptor conditions:anaerobic(no exogenous electron acceptor),ferrihydrite,or oxygen.After 320 d,S.oneidensis MR-1 presented the highest relative abundance of 30.94%±0.74%in the ferrihydrite cocultures.S.oneidensis MR-1 maintained ferrihydrite reduction capacity after cultivation under all three conditions,indicating the long-term stability of its extracellular electron transfer.Moreover,no other phenotypic evolution was observed in S.oneidensis MR-1 after ferrihydrite or anaerobic cultivation.In contrast,both monocultured and cocultured S.oneidensis MR-1 exhibited enhanced adaptation to oxygen,characterized by increased growth rates,metabolic activity,and reduced cell aggregation.Notably,substrate consumption increased in monocultures but decreased in cocultures,suggesting an optimization of metabolic efficiency in the latter.Genome sequencing revealed mutations in genes associated with cell division,adenosine triphosphate synthesis,lactate metabolism,and flagellar/pilus expression in S.oneidensis MR-1.Interestingly,the ferrihydrite-adapted groups also exhibited enhanced adaptation to oxygen.83.96%of mutations were shared across all culture systems and enriched in environmental signal-sensing pathways,indicating that parallel genomic evolution facilitated cross-environmental adaptation.Our findings reveal the ecological evolution of electroactive microorganisms in diverse redox environments and establish a foundation for engineering electroactive communities.
基金Supported by the Key Science and Technology Program of Xizang Autonomous Region(No.XZ202301ZY0012N)the Key Fisheries Resources and Environmental Survey Project in the Southwest Region(No.CJW2023034)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42306106)。
文摘A halophilic bacterium,named Halomonas sp.NEC-1 was isolated from the Nyer Co Salt Lake on the Xizang Plateau,SW China.The strain exhibited a broad pH tolerance range of 5-11,distinguishing it from Halomonas alkaliphila despite a 99% genetic similarity.Optimal growth conditions,determined through orthogonal experiments,were found to be 37℃,100-g/L salinity,and an initial pH of 6,resulting in a maximum OD_(600) of 7.98±0.06.Halomonas sp.NEC-1 produced 545.43±25.10 mg/L of ectoine under optimal conditions of 75-g/L salinity,40-g/L sodium glutamate,and an initial pH of 6.This production increased to 1388.81±3.69 mg/L after five rounds of hypo-osmotic shocks.During the shocks,ectoine productivity remained stable at approximately 16.29±0.04 to 17.28±0.48 mg/(L·h),representing a 43.40%-52.11% increase compared to the rate without any shock(11.36±1.05 mg/(L·h)).Additionally,the expression of the ectABC gene cluster,related to ectoine synthesis,significantly increased following the shocks,enhancing ectoine production.The ectoine extract demonstrated notable protective effects on Escherichia coli and plasmid DNA.After 10 min of exposure at 60℃,the colony count of E.coli treated with ectoine extract increased by 342% compared to treatment with distilled water.Furthermore,the ectoine extract protected plasmid DNA from 2,2′-Azobis(2-methylpropionamidine)dihydrochloride-induced damage.This study highlights Halomonas sp.NEC-1 is a promising strain for ectoine production and underscores the potential of microbial resources in salt lakes from Xizang region.
基金supported by Capital health development research project(Grant No.2022-2G-4232)。
文摘Viruses, notably airborne viruses, are difficult to collect and detect because of the low concentrations of environmental microorganisms. Bacteriophages are frequently used in air experiments as suitable surrogates for human and animal viruses^([1]). Bacteriophages are non-pathogenic, so they are safe for laboratory workers and do not require specialized biological protection measures.Bacteriophages can be prepared at high titers using simple and low-cost methods.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant nos.32130109,41761134050).
文摘The extreme environment of the polar regions has driven the evolution of unique metabolic mechanisms in microorganisms,resulting in structurally diverse and highly active secondary metabolites.These metabolites are not only crucial for microbial adaptation to extreme conditions,but also exhibit significant potential for applications in medicine,agriculture(e.g.,biocontrol),and industry.This review provides a comprehensive overview of 111 secondary metabolites derived from polar microorganisms reported between 2013 and 2025,with a focus on advances in their classification,biological activities,and biosynthetic gene cluster mining techniques.Additionally,it highlights key strategies for advancing future investigations,providing a valuable reference for continued exploration in this promising field.Notably,polar microbial secondary metabolites also hold promising applications in agriculture,particularly in biocontrol,soil health enhancement,and stress-resistant crop development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32270296)the Shenzhen Postdoctoral Scientific Research,China(77000-42100004)+1 种基金the Key Basic Research and Development Program of Hubei Province,China(2020BBA052)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(2024A1515010498)and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Sun Yat-sen University,China.
文摘Sharp eyespot(Rhizoctonia cerealis)is a widespread soil-borne fungal disease that poses a severe threat to wheat health,and it is one of the main obstacles to achieving stable and high-quality wheat yields in China.Our collaborative team has developed a novel,efficient,and low-toxicity fungicide named Y17991(N-(2-(2,4-bis-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)phenyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide).Preliminary laboratory tests confirmed the significant inhibitory effect of this agent on R.cerealis.Large-area field trials also demonstrated its efficacy,with a disease prevention index of 83.52%,which is 1.97%greater than that of the widely used thifluzamide,and it significantly increased the wheat yield.Moreover,this study explored the impacts of Y17991 on the structure and function of the microbial community in wheat rhizosphere soil.Bacterial communities were more strongly affected than fungal communities.Y17991 significantly modulated key amino acid metabolic pathways and certain biosynthetic processes in diseased wheat rhizospheres,and it also enhanced certain biosynthetic pathways and metabolic activities in healthy wheat rhizospheres.Additionally,the application of Y17991 regulated rhizosphere metabolites,thus exerting significant control over the microbial community.We identified 15 microbial strains potentially involved in the prevention and treatment of R.cerealis,and Y17991 treatment promoted the growth of Pedobacter and Bacillus strains.These strains not only aid in plant growth but they also have the potential for disease prevention.In summary,Y17991 application at a reasonable dose does not cause significant disruption to nontarget rhizosphere microbial communities.In future studies,we will continue to investigate the impacts of Y17991 on nonmicrobial components in soil ecosystems,such as protozoa and nematodes.Our research provides a theoretical basis for the scientific application and promotion of new fungicides and offers a significant reference for establishing a comprehensive system for assessing the ecological impact of pesticides on the environment.
