Microphysiological systems(MPS)are advanced in vitro platforms engineered to replicate in vivo conditions forstudying human biology,disease mechanisms,and drug responses with greater physiological relevance.Fluorescen...Microphysiological systems(MPS)are advanced in vitro platforms engineered to replicate in vivo conditions forstudying human biology,disease mechanisms,and drug responses with greater physiological relevance.Fluorescencesensing is widely used as a functional readout in MPS due to its high sensitivity,selectivity,and stability.However,conventional fluorescence sensing systems often rely on bulky instrumentation with limited integration,whichrestricts continuous in situ monitoring,scalable high-throughput analysis,and spatially resolved investigation in multiorgan-on-a-chip models.To address these limitations,we present a highly miniaturized,fully integrated optical systemwith a 1 mm2 footprint,enabling continuous in situ fluorescence monitoring of three-dimensional microtissues inclose proximity.The system integrates microscale illumination and sensing units for fluorescence excitation andselective detection,an optical element for guided light propagation,and a microcage for mechanical confinement ofmicrotissues.To demonstrate its capabilities,we integrated the miniaturized optical system with an MPS-relevantplatform to monitor fluorescence signals in transgenic mouse pancreatic islets expressing genetically encoded calciumindicators.The integrated platform enables real-time,continuous monitoring of islet responses to potassium chloridestimulation and tracking of calcium oscillations for over two hours,providing valuable information about thefunctional status of the pancreatic islets.Our work enhances the analytical capabilities of MPS through the integrationof miniaturized on-chip quantitative assessment tools,enabling precise,in situ,and continuous monitoring ofbiological activities in close proximity.展开更多
A method of multi-beam femtosecond laser irradiation combined with modified HF-HNO3-CH3COOH etching is used for the parallel fabrication of all-silicon piano-concave microlens arrays （MLAs）. The laser beam is split ...A method of multi-beam femtosecond laser irradiation combined with modified HF-HNO3-CH3COOH etching is used for the parallel fabrication of all-silicon piano-concave microlens arrays （MLAs）. The laser beam is split by a diffractive optical element and focused by a lens to drill microholes parallely on silicon. An HF-HNO3-H2SO4-CH3COOH solution is used to expand and polish laser-ablated microholes to form micro- lenses. Compared with the HF-HNO3-CH3COOH solution, the solution with H2SO4 can effectively reduce the etched surface roughness. The morphologies of MLAs at different laser powers and pulse numbers are observed. The image array formed by the silicon microlenses is also demonstrated.展开更多
A simple and efficient templating method in combination with hot embossing technique is developed for fabricating large-area two-dimensional（2D） microlens arrays（MLAs） with uniform shape.By utilizing a modified mi...A simple and efficient templating method in combination with hot embossing technique is developed for fabricating large-area two-dimensional（2D） microlens arrays（MLAs） with uniform shape.By utilizing a modified microchannel method,a 2D large-area hexagonal close-packed（HCP） array of silica colloidal microspheres is prepared and serves as a template in the following hot embossing treatment to create a polycarbonate（PC） microcavity array.Then,with the obtained PC microcavity structure serving as a mold,a hot embossing process is applied to finally achieve a polymethylmethacrylate（PMMA） MLA.The effect of annealing time during the mold preparation process on the dimensions and shapes of the prepared microlens is investigated.The imaging performances of the prepared PC concave microcavities and PMMA convex microlenses are characterized by carrying out projection experiments.Our method provides a rapid and low cost approach to prepare large-area MLAs.展开更多
Photonic integrated circuits(PICs)have long been considered as disruptive platforms that revolutionize optics.Building on the mature industrial foundry infrastructure for electronic integrated circuit fabrication,the ...Photonic integrated circuits(PICs)have long been considered as disruptive platforms that revolutionize optics.Building on the mature industrial foundry infrastructure for electronic integrated circuit fabrication,the manufacturing of PICs has made remarkable progress.However,the packaging of PICs has often become a major barrier impeding their scalable deployment owing to their tight optical alignment tolerance,and hence,the requirement for specialty packaging instruments.Two-photon lithography(TPL),a laser direct-write three-dimensional(3-D)patterning technique with deep subwavelength resolution,has emerged as a promising solution for integrated photonics packaging.This study provides an overview of the technology,emphasizing the latest advances in TPL-enabled packaging schemes and their prospects for adoption in the mainstream photonic industry.展开更多
The development of modern information technology has led to significant demand for microoptical elements with complex surface profiles and nanoscale surface roughness.Therefore,various micro-and nanoprocessing techniq...The development of modern information technology has led to significant demand for microoptical elements with complex surface profiles and nanoscale surface roughness.Therefore,various micro-and nanoprocessing techniques are used to fabricate microoptical elements and systems.Femtosecond laser direct writing(FsLDW)uses ultrafast pulses and the ultraintense instantaneous energy of a femtosecond laser for micro-nano fabrication.FsLDW exhibits various excellent properties,including nonlinear multiphoton absorption,high-precision processing beyond the diffraction limit,and the universality of processable materials,demonstrating its unique advantages and potential applications in three-dimensional(3D)micro-nano manufacturing.FsLDW has demonstrated its value in the fabrication of various microoptical systems.This study details three typical principles of FsLDW,several design considerations to improve processing performance,processable materials,imaging/nonimaging microoptical elements,and their stereoscopic systems.Finally,a summary and perspective on the future research directions for FsLDW-enabled microoptical elements and stereoscopic systems are provided.展开更多
基金supported by the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research(SSF Grant project no.RMX18-0066)The Family Erling-Persson Foundation,The Jonas&Christina af Jochnick Foundation,ERC-2018-AdG 834860-EYELETSThe Swedish Research Council.H.K.acknowledges funding from the Wenner-Gren foundation(UPD2021-0185)。
文摘Microphysiological systems(MPS)are advanced in vitro platforms engineered to replicate in vivo conditions forstudying human biology,disease mechanisms,and drug responses with greater physiological relevance.Fluorescencesensing is widely used as a functional readout in MPS due to its high sensitivity,selectivity,and stability.However,conventional fluorescence sensing systems often rely on bulky instrumentation with limited integration,whichrestricts continuous in situ monitoring,scalable high-throughput analysis,and spatially resolved investigation in multiorgan-on-a-chip models.To address these limitations,we present a highly miniaturized,fully integrated optical systemwith a 1 mm2 footprint,enabling continuous in situ fluorescence monitoring of three-dimensional microtissues inclose proximity.The system integrates microscale illumination and sensing units for fluorescence excitation andselective detection,an optical element for guided light propagation,and a microcage for mechanical confinement ofmicrotissues.To demonstrate its capabilities,we integrated the miniaturized optical system with an MPS-relevantplatform to monitor fluorescence signals in transgenic mouse pancreatic islets expressing genetically encoded calciumindicators.The integrated platform enables real-time,continuous monitoring of islet responses to potassium chloridestimulation and tracking of calcium oscillations for over two hours,providing valuable information about thefunctional status of the pancreatic islets.Our work enhances the analytical capabilities of MPS through the integrationof miniaturized on-chip quantitative assessment tools,enabling precise,in situ,and continuous monitoring ofbiological activities in close proximity.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2012CB921804)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11204236 and 61308006)the Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
文摘A method of multi-beam femtosecond laser irradiation combined with modified HF-HNO3-CH3COOH etching is used for the parallel fabrication of all-silicon piano-concave microlens arrays （MLAs）. The laser beam is split by a diffractive optical element and focused by a lens to drill microholes parallely on silicon. An HF-HNO3-H2SO4-CH3COOH solution is used to expand and polish laser-ablated microholes to form micro- lenses. Compared with the HF-HNO3-CH3COOH solution, the solution with H2SO4 can effectively reduce the etched surface roughness. The morphologies of MLAs at different laser powers and pulse numbers are observed. The image array formed by the silicon microlenses is also demonstrated.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of Chinathe National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.10804044 and 60808025)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Education Committee(No.07KJB140098)the NSFJPe(No. BK2006716).
文摘A simple and efficient templating method in combination with hot embossing technique is developed for fabricating large-area two-dimensional（2D） microlens arrays（MLAs） with uniform shape.By utilizing a modified microchannel method,a 2D large-area hexagonal close-packed（HCP） array of silica colloidal microspheres is prepared and serves as a template in the following hot embossing treatment to create a polycarbonate（PC） microcavity array.Then,with the obtained PC microcavity structure serving as a mold,a hot embossing process is applied to finally achieve a polymethylmethacrylate（PMMA） MLA.The effect of annealing time during the mold preparation process on the dimensions and shapes of the prepared microlens is investigated.The imaging performances of the prepared PC concave microcavities and PMMA convex microlenses are characterized by carrying out projection experiments.Our method provides a rapid and low cost approach to prepare large-area MLAs.
基金S.Y.and Q.D.acknowledge funding support from the National Key R&D Program of China 2021ZD0109904the Key Research Project of Zhejiang Lab No.2022PH0AC03.C.R.M.acknowledges the funding support provided by the Fulbright Program.
文摘Photonic integrated circuits(PICs)have long been considered as disruptive platforms that revolutionize optics.Building on the mature industrial foundry infrastructure for electronic integrated circuit fabrication,the manufacturing of PICs has made remarkable progress.However,the packaging of PICs has often become a major barrier impeding their scalable deployment owing to their tight optical alignment tolerance,and hence,the requirement for specialty packaging instruments.Two-photon lithography(TPL),a laser direct-write three-dimensional(3-D)patterning technique with deep subwavelength resolution,has emerged as a promising solution for integrated photonics packaging.This study provides an overview of the technology,emphasizing the latest advances in TPL-enabled packaging schemes and their prospects for adoption in the mainstream photonic industry.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62275044,62205174,61875036)the Jinan“20 New Colleges and Universities”Innovation Team Introduction Project(202228047).
文摘The development of modern information technology has led to significant demand for microoptical elements with complex surface profiles and nanoscale surface roughness.Therefore,various micro-and nanoprocessing techniques are used to fabricate microoptical elements and systems.Femtosecond laser direct writing(FsLDW)uses ultrafast pulses and the ultraintense instantaneous energy of a femtosecond laser for micro-nano fabrication.FsLDW exhibits various excellent properties,including nonlinear multiphoton absorption,high-precision processing beyond the diffraction limit,and the universality of processable materials,demonstrating its unique advantages and potential applications in three-dimensional(3D)micro-nano manufacturing.FsLDW has demonstrated its value in the fabrication of various microoptical systems.This study details three typical principles of FsLDW,several design considerations to improve processing performance,processable materials,imaging/nonimaging microoptical elements,and their stereoscopic systems.Finally,a summary and perspective on the future research directions for FsLDW-enabled microoptical elements and stereoscopic systems are provided.
