Percutaneous administration of “Orthobiologics” offers the advantage of accelerated and functional recovery of musculoskeletal disorders. Stem cell optimizes the biological healing of diseases. The regenerative capa...Percutaneous administration of “Orthobiologics” offers the advantage of accelerated and functional recovery of musculoskeletal disorders. Stem cell optimizes the biological healing of diseases. The regenerative capacity of mesenchymal stem cells provides a pavement for clinicians to build up an organ of interest in vitro. Mesenchymal stem cells remain the perfect cell based tissue regeneration modality for treatment of musculoskeletal disorders in a minimally invasive environment without any significant morbidity. This article outlines the applications of mesenchymal stem cell administration in various musculoskeletal disorders.展开更多
The steric mass-action (SMA) model has been widely reported in the literature for ion-exchange and metal-affinity interaction adsorption equilibrium of biomacromolecules. In this paper, the usefulness of SMA model is ...The steric mass-action (SMA) model has been widely reported in the literature for ion-exchange and metal-affinity interaction adsorption equilibrium of biomacromolecules. In this paper, the usefulness of SMA model is analyzed for describing micromolecule ion-exchange equilibrium onto cation exchangers, CM Sephadex C-25 and Streamline SP. Batch adsorption experiments with ephedrine hydrochloride as a model adsorbate are carried out to determine the model parameters, that is, steric factor, characteristic charge and equilibrium constant. The result shows that the SMA model parameters of micromolecule cannot be obtained using the nonlinear least-square fitting method as protein's due to the remarkable difference between the molecular mass and dimension of micromolecule and protein. It is considered that the small size of the adsorbates dealt with in this study justifies the neglect of steric hindrances arising from adsorbate bulkiness. Thus, the three-parameter SMA model is reduced to two-parameter one (i.e., steric factor is equal to zero) for describing micromolecule ion-exchange equilibrium. It is found that the equilibrium constant for CM Sephadex C-25 increases with increasing ionic strength, while the equilibrium constant for Streamline SP shows an opposite trend. This is probably due to the remarkable difference between the physicalpro perties of the two adsorbents. Then, the relationship between the equilibrium constant and ionic strength is described by an expression. The computer simulations show that, the theoretical model with the correlation is promising in the prediction of micromolecule adsorption decrease with increasing ionic strength in a wide range of salt concentration.展开更多
This article presents a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in natural product extraction,focusing on the evolution from deep eutectic solvents(DESs)to deep eutectic systems(DESys)for extraction.DESs,known f...This article presents a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in natural product extraction,focusing on the evolution from deep eutectic solvents(DESs)to deep eutectic systems(DESys)for extraction.DESs,known for their environmentally friendly properties,have become crucial in extracting various natural products from plants,including micromolecules,lignin,and polysaccharides.Research into the extraction mechanism reveals that target compounds typically form hydrogen bonds with DESs,effectively becoming part of the solvent system.This insight has led to the development of the DESys extraction method,where hydrogen bond acceptors(HBAs)and hydrogen bond donors(HBDs)are directly mixed with the sample to form a DESys containing the target compounds.The shift from DES-based extraction to DESys-based extraction introduces innovative approaches where target compounds are integral to the solvent system,allowing for one-step dissolution and extraction.This methodology eliminates the need for pre-prepared DESs,simplifying processes and enhancing extraction efficiency.Additionally,strategies for DESs recycling and reuse contribute to sustainability efforts,offering cost-effective and environmentally friendly extraction solutions.The expanding applications of DES-based and DESys-based natural product extraction in cosmetics,food,industry,and environmental fields highlight their promising development potential.By delineating the transition from DES-based to DESys-based extraction of natural products,this review offers valuable insights for advancing the practice of green chemical engineering.展开更多
Cordyceps is a famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that has been used in China for hundreds of years. In the present study a multi-column liquid chromatography (MC-LC) system was developed for the qualitative an...Cordyceps is a famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that has been used in China for hundreds of years. In the present study a multi-column liquid chromatography (MC-LC) system was developed for the qualitative analysis of macromolecules and micromolecules in Cordyceps. The MC-LC system includes a size exclusion pre-column, a size exclusion column (SEC) and a reversed phase column (RP) which were controlled by column-switching valves. The sample was separated by the size exclusion pre-column into two fractions (macromolecules and micromolecules). These fractions were further separated on SEC and RP columns, respectively. A diode array detector (DAD) and a mass spectrometer (MS) were used to detect the components. This MC-LC method was utilized for analysis of Cordyceps samples. Two macromolecular peaks and 15 micromolecular peaks were found in Cordyceps, and 11 of the micromolecular peaks were identified as adenosine-5'-monophosphate (AMP), phenylalanine, uridine, hypoxanthine, inosine, guanine, guanosine, deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate (dAMP), adenosine, adenine and cordycepin (or its isomer). This method is useful for quality control of Cordyceps. (C) 2017 Chinese Pharmaceutical Association and Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.展开更多
文摘Percutaneous administration of “Orthobiologics” offers the advantage of accelerated and functional recovery of musculoskeletal disorders. Stem cell optimizes the biological healing of diseases. The regenerative capacity of mesenchymal stem cells provides a pavement for clinicians to build up an organ of interest in vitro. Mesenchymal stem cells remain the perfect cell based tissue regeneration modality for treatment of musculoskeletal disorders in a minimally invasive environment without any significant morbidity. This article outlines the applications of mesenchymal stem cell administration in various musculoskeletal disorders.
文摘The steric mass-action (SMA) model has been widely reported in the literature for ion-exchange and metal-affinity interaction adsorption equilibrium of biomacromolecules. In this paper, the usefulness of SMA model is analyzed for describing micromolecule ion-exchange equilibrium onto cation exchangers, CM Sephadex C-25 and Streamline SP. Batch adsorption experiments with ephedrine hydrochloride as a model adsorbate are carried out to determine the model parameters, that is, steric factor, characteristic charge and equilibrium constant. The result shows that the SMA model parameters of micromolecule cannot be obtained using the nonlinear least-square fitting method as protein's due to the remarkable difference between the molecular mass and dimension of micromolecule and protein. It is considered that the small size of the adsorbates dealt with in this study justifies the neglect of steric hindrances arising from adsorbate bulkiness. Thus, the three-parameter SMA model is reduced to two-parameter one (i.e., steric factor is equal to zero) for describing micromolecule ion-exchange equilibrium. It is found that the equilibrium constant for CM Sephadex C-25 increases with increasing ionic strength, while the equilibrium constant for Streamline SP shows an opposite trend. This is probably due to the remarkable difference between the physicalpro perties of the two adsorbents. Then, the relationship between the equilibrium constant and ionic strength is described by an expression. The computer simulations show that, the theoretical model with the correlation is promising in the prediction of micromolecule adsorption decrease with increasing ionic strength in a wide range of salt concentration.
基金supported by the Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund,China(Grant No.SCX(20)3083)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials。
文摘This article presents a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in natural product extraction,focusing on the evolution from deep eutectic solvents(DESs)to deep eutectic systems(DESys)for extraction.DESs,known for their environmentally friendly properties,have become crucial in extracting various natural products from plants,including micromolecules,lignin,and polysaccharides.Research into the extraction mechanism reveals that target compounds typically form hydrogen bonds with DESs,effectively becoming part of the solvent system.This insight has led to the development of the DESys extraction method,where hydrogen bond acceptors(HBAs)and hydrogen bond donors(HBDs)are directly mixed with the sample to form a DESys containing the target compounds.The shift from DES-based extraction to DESys-based extraction introduces innovative approaches where target compounds are integral to the solvent system,allowing for one-step dissolution and extraction.This methodology eliminates the need for pre-prepared DESs,simplifying processes and enhancing extraction efficiency.Additionally,strategies for DESs recycling and reuse contribute to sustainability efforts,offering cost-effective and environmentally friendly extraction solutions.The expanding applications of DES-based and DESys-based natural product extraction in cosmetics,food,industry,and environmental fields highlight their promising development potential.By delineating the transition from DES-based to DESys-based extraction of natural products,this review offers valuable insights for advancing the practice of green chemical engineering.
基金supported by grant from the Science and Technology Development Fund of Macao(FDCT 059/2011/A3)
文摘Cordyceps is a famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that has been used in China for hundreds of years. In the present study a multi-column liquid chromatography (MC-LC) system was developed for the qualitative analysis of macromolecules and micromolecules in Cordyceps. The MC-LC system includes a size exclusion pre-column, a size exclusion column (SEC) and a reversed phase column (RP) which were controlled by column-switching valves. The sample was separated by the size exclusion pre-column into two fractions (macromolecules and micromolecules). These fractions were further separated on SEC and RP columns, respectively. A diode array detector (DAD) and a mass spectrometer (MS) were used to detect the components. This MC-LC method was utilized for analysis of Cordyceps samples. Two macromolecular peaks and 15 micromolecular peaks were found in Cordyceps, and 11 of the micromolecular peaks were identified as adenosine-5'-monophosphate (AMP), phenylalanine, uridine, hypoxanthine, inosine, guanine, guanosine, deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate (dAMP), adenosine, adenine and cordycepin (or its isomer). This method is useful for quality control of Cordyceps. (C) 2017 Chinese Pharmaceutical Association and Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.
