Colorectal cancer(CRC)is increasingly recognized as a multifactorial disease influenced by hereditary,environmental,and microbial factors.This article explores recent insights into the role of gut microbiota dysbiosis...Colorectal cancer(CRC)is increasingly recognized as a multifactorial disease influenced by hereditary,environmental,and microbial factors.This article explores recent insights into the role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in CRC patho-genesis and progression.Key differences in microbial composition,characterized by enrichment of pro-carcinogenic species such as Fusobacterium nucleatum and Bacteroides fragilis and depletion of beneficial commensals like Faecalibacterium prausnitzii,have been identified alongside changes in microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids and secondary bile acids.We discuss immune system modulation by the microbiota,formation of bacterial biofilms,and the activation of host pathways such as the urea cycle during tumorigenesis.Special attention is given to therapeutic innovations,including microbiota-informed precision modelling,synthetic biology-based engineered probiotics,and evolving altern-atives to fecal microbiota transplantation.These integrative strategies represent promising tools in the era of personalized oncology for CRC.展开更多
文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC)is increasingly recognized as a multifactorial disease influenced by hereditary,environmental,and microbial factors.This article explores recent insights into the role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in CRC patho-genesis and progression.Key differences in microbial composition,characterized by enrichment of pro-carcinogenic species such as Fusobacterium nucleatum and Bacteroides fragilis and depletion of beneficial commensals like Faecalibacterium prausnitzii,have been identified alongside changes in microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids and secondary bile acids.We discuss immune system modulation by the microbiota,formation of bacterial biofilms,and the activation of host pathways such as the urea cycle during tumorigenesis.Special attention is given to therapeutic innovations,including microbiota-informed precision modelling,synthetic biology-based engineered probiotics,and evolving altern-atives to fecal microbiota transplantation.These integrative strategies represent promising tools in the era of personalized oncology for CRC.
