Background Weaning causes redox dyshomeostasis in piglets,which leads to hepatic oxidative damage.Microbederived antioxidants(MA)have great potential for anti-oxidat ion.This study aimed to investigate changes in hepa...Background Weaning causes redox dyshomeostasis in piglets,which leads to hepatic oxidative damage.Microbederived antioxidants(MA)have great potential for anti-oxidat ion.This study aimed to investigate changes in hepatic redox system,mitochondrial function and apoptosis after weaning,and effects of MA on growth performance and liver health in weaning piglets.Methods This study consisted of 2 experimets.In the both experiments,piglets were weaned at 21 days of age.In Exp.1,at 21(W0),22(W1),25(W4),28(W7),and 35(W14)days of age,6 piglets were slaughtered at each timepoint.In Exp.2,piglets were divided into 2 groups:one received MA gavage(MA)and the other received saline gavage(CON).At 25 days of age,6 piglets from each group were sacrificed.Results In Exp.1,weaning caused growth inhibition and liver developmental retardation from W0 to W4.The mRNA sequencing between W0 and W4 revealed that pathways related to"regulation of apoptotic process"and"reactive oxygen species metabolic process"were enriched.Further study showed that weaning led to higher hepatic content of reactive oxygen species(ROS),H_(2)O_(2) and O_(2)~-.Weaning enhanced mitochondrial fission and suppressed their fusion,activated mitophagy,thus triggering cell apoptosis.In Exp.2,MA improved growth performance of piglets with higher average daily gain(ADG)and average daily feed intake(ADFI).The hepatic ROS,as well as products of oxidative damage malonaldehyde(MDA)and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine(8-OHdG)in the MA group decreased significantly than that of the CON group.The MA elevated mitochondrial membrane potential,increased activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes(MRC)ⅠandⅣ,enhanced mitochondrial fusion and reduced mitophagy thus decreasing cell apoptosis.Conclusions The present study showed that MA improved the growth performance of weaning piglets and reversed weaning-induced oxidative damage,mitochondrial dysfunction,and apoptosis.Our results suggested that MA had promising prospects for maintaining liver health in weaning piglets and provided a reference for studies of liver diseases in humans.展开更多
Microorganisms are rich in heteroatoms,which can be self-doped to form active sites during pyrolysis and loaded on microbederived carbonaceous materials.In recent years,microbe-derived carbonaceous materials,character...Microorganisms are rich in heteroatoms,which can be self-doped to form active sites during pyrolysis and loaded on microbederived carbonaceous materials.In recent years,microbe-derived carbonaceous materials,characterized with abundant selfdoping sites,have been continuously developed as cost-effective electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR).To fully unlock the catalytic potential of microbe-derived carbonaceous materials,a comprehensive analysis of catalytic sites and mechanisms for ORR is essential.This paper provides a summary of the ORR catalytic performance of microbe-derived carbonaceous materials reported to date,with a specific focus on the self-doping sites introduced during their pyrolytic fabrication.It highlights the mono-or co-doping sites involving nonmetallic elements such as oxygen(O),nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),and sulfur(S)atoms,as well as covers the doping of metallic iron(Fe)atoms with various coordination configurations in microbe-derived carbonaceous materials.Understanding the impact of these self-doping sites on ORR catalytic performance can guide the design of doping sites in microbe-derived carbonaceous materials.This approach has the potential to maximize electrocatalytic activity of microbe-derived carbonaceous materials and contributes to the development of more efficient and cost-effective carbonaceous electrocatalysts.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Gant no.32272903)。
文摘Background Weaning causes redox dyshomeostasis in piglets,which leads to hepatic oxidative damage.Microbederived antioxidants(MA)have great potential for anti-oxidat ion.This study aimed to investigate changes in hepatic redox system,mitochondrial function and apoptosis after weaning,and effects of MA on growth performance and liver health in weaning piglets.Methods This study consisted of 2 experimets.In the both experiments,piglets were weaned at 21 days of age.In Exp.1,at 21(W0),22(W1),25(W4),28(W7),and 35(W14)days of age,6 piglets were slaughtered at each timepoint.In Exp.2,piglets were divided into 2 groups:one received MA gavage(MA)and the other received saline gavage(CON).At 25 days of age,6 piglets from each group were sacrificed.Results In Exp.1,weaning caused growth inhibition and liver developmental retardation from W0 to W4.The mRNA sequencing between W0 and W4 revealed that pathways related to"regulation of apoptotic process"and"reactive oxygen species metabolic process"were enriched.Further study showed that weaning led to higher hepatic content of reactive oxygen species(ROS),H_(2)O_(2) and O_(2)~-.Weaning enhanced mitochondrial fission and suppressed their fusion,activated mitophagy,thus triggering cell apoptosis.In Exp.2,MA improved growth performance of piglets with higher average daily gain(ADG)and average daily feed intake(ADFI).The hepatic ROS,as well as products of oxidative damage malonaldehyde(MDA)and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine(8-OHdG)in the MA group decreased significantly than that of the CON group.The MA elevated mitochondrial membrane potential,increased activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes(MRC)ⅠandⅣ,enhanced mitochondrial fusion and reduced mitophagy thus decreasing cell apoptosis.Conclusions The present study showed that MA improved the growth performance of weaning piglets and reversed weaning-induced oxidative damage,mitochondrial dysfunction,and apoptosis.Our results suggested that MA had promising prospects for maintaining liver health in weaning piglets and provided a reference for studies of liver diseases in humans.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22025603,22236007,and 42021005).
文摘Microorganisms are rich in heteroatoms,which can be self-doped to form active sites during pyrolysis and loaded on microbederived carbonaceous materials.In recent years,microbe-derived carbonaceous materials,characterized with abundant selfdoping sites,have been continuously developed as cost-effective electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR).To fully unlock the catalytic potential of microbe-derived carbonaceous materials,a comprehensive analysis of catalytic sites and mechanisms for ORR is essential.This paper provides a summary of the ORR catalytic performance of microbe-derived carbonaceous materials reported to date,with a specific focus on the self-doping sites introduced during their pyrolytic fabrication.It highlights the mono-or co-doping sites involving nonmetallic elements such as oxygen(O),nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),and sulfur(S)atoms,as well as covers the doping of metallic iron(Fe)atoms with various coordination configurations in microbe-derived carbonaceous materials.Understanding the impact of these self-doping sites on ORR catalytic performance can guide the design of doping sites in microbe-derived carbonaceous materials.This approach has the potential to maximize electrocatalytic activity of microbe-derived carbonaceous materials and contributes to the development of more efficient and cost-effective carbonaceous electrocatalysts.
