Purpose: This paper intends to explore a quantitative method for investigating the characteristics of information diffusion through social media like weblogs and microblogs.By using the social network analysis methods...Purpose: This paper intends to explore a quantitative method for investigating the characteristics of information diffusion through social media like weblogs and microblogs.By using the social network analysis methods,we attempt to analyze the different characteristics of information diffusion in weblogs and microblogs as well as the possible reasons of these differences.Design/methodology/approach: Using the social network analysis methods,this paper carries out an empirical study by taking the Chinese weblogs and microblogs in the field of Library and Information Science(LIS) as the research sample and employing measures such as network density,core/peripheral structure and centrality.Findings: Firstly,both bloggers and microbloggers maintain weak ties,and both of their social networks display a small-world effect. Secondly,compared with weblog users,microblog users are more interconnected,more equal and more capable of developing relationships with people outside their own social networks. Thirdly,the microblogging social network is more conducive to information diffusion than the blogging network,because of their differences in functions and the information flow mechanism. Finally,the communication mode emerged with microblogging,with the characteristics of micro-content,multi-channel information dissemination,dense and decentralized social network and content aggregation,will be one of the trends in the development of the information exchange platform in the future.Research limitations: The sample size needs to be increased so that samples are more representative. Errors may exist during the data collection. Moreover,the individual-level characteristics of the samples as well as the types of information exchanged need to be further studied.Practical implications: This preliminary study explores the characteristics of information diffusion in the network environment and verifies the feasibility of conducting a quantitative analysis of information diffusion through social media. In addition,it provides insight into the characteristics of information diffusion in weblogs and microblogs and the possible reasons of these differences.Originality/value: We have analyzed the characteristics of information diffusion in weblogs and microblogs by using the social network analysis methods. This research will be useful for a quantitative analysis of the underlying mechanisms of information flow through social media in the network environment.展开更多
Objective:To explore and visualize the connectivity of suspected Ebola cases and surveillance callers who used cellphone technology in Moyamba District in Sierra Leone for Ebola surveillance,and to examine the demogra...Objective:To explore and visualize the connectivity of suspected Ebola cases and surveillance callers who used cellphone technology in Moyamba District in Sierra Leone for Ebola surveillance,and to examine the demographic differences and characteristics of Ebola surveillance callers who make more calls as well as those callers who are more likely to make at least one positive Ebola call.Methods:Surveillance data for 393 suspected Ebola cases(192 males,201 females) were collected from October 23,2014 to June 28,2015 using cellphone technology.UCINET and Net Draw software were used to explore and visualize the social connectivity between callers and suspected Ebola cases.Poisson and logistic regression analyses were used to do multivariable analysis.Results:The entire social network was comprised of 393 ties and 745 nodes.Women(AOR=0.33,95% CI [0.14,0.81]) were associated with decreased odds of making at least one positive Ebola surveillance call compared to men.Women(IR= 0.63,95% CI [0.49,0.82]) were also associated with making fewer Ebola surveillance calls compared to men.Conclusion:Social network visualization can analyze syndromic surveillance data for Ebola collected by cellphone technology with unique insights.展开更多
This paper presents our vision of large-scale, dynamic social network analysis in real environments, which we expect to be enabled by the introduction of large-scale heterogeneous sensors in the ambient environment. W...This paper presents our vision of large-scale, dynamic social network analysis in real environments, which we expect to be enabled by the introduction of large-scale heterogeneous sensors in the ambient environment. We address challenges in realizing large-scale dynamic social network analysis in real environments, and discuss several promising applications. Moreover, we present our design and implementation of a prototype system for quasi-realtime social network construction. We finally present preliminary experimental results of dynamic social network analysis for six-person social gatherings in a real environment, and discuss the feasibility of dynamic social network analysis and its effectiveness.展开更多
Due to the unique geographical location and historical background of Central Asia,the region’s geo-relation networks are complex and changeable.A social network analysis was conducted in this study to visualize the 2...Due to the unique geographical location and historical background of Central Asia,the region’s geo-relation networks are complex and changeable.A social network analysis was conducted in this study to visualize the 20-year evolutionary process of bilateral(diplomatic relations)and multilateral(intergovernmental organization(IGO)connections)networks in Central Asia since 1993.Additionally,a further empirical study determined the significant driving forces of the construction of the geo-relation networks.The results showed that since the independence of the five Central Asian countries,their degree centrality(C,D(ni))values have been increasing,with the index values being the highest for Kazakhstan,followed by Uzbekistan,while the other three countries had relatively low values.The Central Asian countries maintain bilateral relations with post-Soviet nations,neighboring countries,and Western powers,and have gradually deepened and expanded their diplomatic networks.From each state’s perspective,the geostrategic approaches adopted by the five countries were different.Kazakhstan has focused on expanding its bilateral and multilateral relations,while the other Central Asian countries have attempted to increase their influence by joining influential IGOs.Various driving forces,including economic,political,cultural,and geographical factors,have played significant roles in the construction of geo-relation networks in Central Asia.The importance of these factors has changed over time,from political and cultural factors(before 1995)to relations with neighboring countries(1996-2001),and finally to economic power and cultural and religious proximity(after 2002).展开更多
Social relationships formed within a network of interacting group members can have a profound impact on an indi- vidual＇s behavior and fitness. However, we have little understanding of how individuals perceive their ...Social relationships formed within a network of interacting group members can have a profound impact on an indi- vidual＇s behavior and fitness. However, we have little understanding of how individuals perceive their relationships and how this perception relates to our external measures of interactions. We investigated the perception of affiliative and agonistic relation- ships at both the dyadic and emergent social levels in two captive groups of monk parakeets （Myiopsitta monachus, n = 21 and 19） using social network analysis and playback experiments. At the dyadic social scale, individuals directed less aggression to- wards their strong affiliative partners and more aggression towards non-partner neighbors.At the emergent social scale, there was no association between relationships in different social contexts and an individual＇s dominance rank did not correlate with its popularity rank. Playback response pattems were mainly driven by relationships in affiliative social contexts at the dyadic scale. In both groups, individual responses to playback experiments were significantly affected by strong affiliative relationships at the dyadic social scale, albeit in different directions in the two groups. Response pattems were also affected by affiliative relation- ships at the emergent social scale, but only in one of the two groups. Within affiliative relationships, those at the dyadic social scale were perceived by individuals in both groups, but those at the emergent social scale only affected responses in one group. These results provide preliminary evidence that relationships in affiliative social contexts may be perceived as more important than agonistic relationships in captive monk parakeet groups. Our approach could be used in a wide range of social species and comparative analyses could provide important insight into how individuals perceive relationships across social contexts and social scales [Current Zoology 61 （1）： 55-69, 2015].展开更多
Animals often interact non-randomly with conspecifics,and association preferences can differ across life-history stages to maximize individuals’fitness.Mongolian gerbils(Meriones unguiculatus)are a social roden...Animals often interact non-randomly with conspecifics,and association preferences can differ across life-history stages to maximize individuals’fitness.Mongolian gerbils(Meriones unguiculatus)are a social rodent that live in highly seasonal habitats and display seasonal fluctuations in population density,growth rate and the size of overlapped home ranges.Nevertheless,whether gerbils modify their social relationships at different life-history stages remains unknown.Here,we used social network analysis to examine whether social associations differ between the sexes and between life-history stages in a wild population of Mongolian gerbils.We quantified social attributes at both group level(assortativity)and individual level(social differentiation and degree,closeness and betweenness centrality);these attributes reflect individuals’social preferences and their potential influence on others in the network.We found that both male and female gerbils established fewer inter-group social connections during the food-hoarding season than during the breeding season,revealing constraints on sociality.Similarly,during the food-hoarding season,degree centrality and social differentiation increased significantly whereas closeness and betweenness centrality decreased significantly.Together,these results suggest that gerbils have relatively more partners and preferred associations and decreased influence over others in the network during the food-hoarding season.In addition,we found no significant difference in any of the social attribute between males and females,but there was a significant interaction effect between sex and season on degree,closeness and betweenness centrality.Our results demonstrate that Mongolian gerbils adjust their association strategies to adapt to the changes of life history.Such adjustments may balance the costs/benefits associated with survival and reproduction.展开更多
科技人才是推动国家创新和经济增长的核心动力。本文利用Web of Science数据库,结合文献计量和科学知识图谱方法,分析了科技人才研究的分布特征、学科交叉特点和发展趋势。结果显示,自2005年起,相关研究论文数量显著增长,凸显全球对科...科技人才是推动国家创新和经济增长的核心动力。本文利用Web of Science数据库,结合文献计量和科学知识图谱方法,分析了科技人才研究的分布特征、学科交叉特点和发展趋势。结果显示,自2005年起,相关研究论文数量显著增长,凸显全球对科技人才的重视。美国在该领域占据主导地位,而中国等国也展现出积极的发展趋势。教育、信息科学与图书馆学、多学科科学等学科对科技人才研究贡献显著,新冠疫情、早期职业教育、科技人才信任、公民科学家、科技人才计量、社交媒体以及焦虑和压力等新兴议题正成为研究热点。建议加强跨学科合作,关注科技人才心理健康,并持续评估研究趋势,以期促进科技人才研究领域的发展,为相关领域决策和研究提供科学依据。展开更多
基金supported by Sun Yat-sen University Cultivation Fund for Young Teachers(Grant No.:20000-3161102)the National Social Science Fundation of China(Grant No.:08CTQ015)
文摘Purpose: This paper intends to explore a quantitative method for investigating the characteristics of information diffusion through social media like weblogs and microblogs.By using the social network analysis methods,we attempt to analyze the different characteristics of information diffusion in weblogs and microblogs as well as the possible reasons of these differences.Design/methodology/approach: Using the social network analysis methods,this paper carries out an empirical study by taking the Chinese weblogs and microblogs in the field of Library and Information Science(LIS) as the research sample and employing measures such as network density,core/peripheral structure and centrality.Findings: Firstly,both bloggers and microbloggers maintain weak ties,and both of their social networks display a small-world effect. Secondly,compared with weblog users,microblog users are more interconnected,more equal and more capable of developing relationships with people outside their own social networks. Thirdly,the microblogging social network is more conducive to information diffusion than the blogging network,because of their differences in functions and the information flow mechanism. Finally,the communication mode emerged with microblogging,with the characteristics of micro-content,multi-channel information dissemination,dense and decentralized social network and content aggregation,will be one of the trends in the development of the information exchange platform in the future.Research limitations: The sample size needs to be increased so that samples are more representative. Errors may exist during the data collection. Moreover,the individual-level characteristics of the samples as well as the types of information exchanged need to be further studied.Practical implications: This preliminary study explores the characteristics of information diffusion in the network environment and verifies the feasibility of conducting a quantitative analysis of information diffusion through social media. In addition,it provides insight into the characteristics of information diffusion in weblogs and microblogs and the possible reasons of these differences.Originality/value: We have analyzed the characteristics of information diffusion in weblogs and microblogs by using the social network analysis methods. This research will be useful for a quantitative analysis of the underlying mechanisms of information flow through social media in the network environment.
文摘Objective:To explore and visualize the connectivity of suspected Ebola cases and surveillance callers who used cellphone technology in Moyamba District in Sierra Leone for Ebola surveillance,and to examine the demographic differences and characteristics of Ebola surveillance callers who make more calls as well as those callers who are more likely to make at least one positive Ebola call.Methods:Surveillance data for 393 suspected Ebola cases(192 males,201 females) were collected from October 23,2014 to June 28,2015 using cellphone technology.UCINET and Net Draw software were used to explore and visualize the social connectivity between callers and suspected Ebola cases.Poisson and logistic regression analyses were used to do multivariable analysis.Results:The entire social network was comprised of 393 ties and 745 nodes.Women(AOR=0.33,95% CI [0.14,0.81]) were associated with decreased odds of making at least one positive Ebola surveillance call compared to men.Women(IR= 0.63,95% CI [0.49,0.82]) were also associated with making fewer Ebola surveillance calls compared to men.Conclusion:Social network visualization can analyze syndromic surveillance data for Ebola collected by cellphone technology with unique insights.
文摘This paper presents our vision of large-scale, dynamic social network analysis in real environments, which we expect to be enabled by the introduction of large-scale heterogeneous sensors in the ambient environment. We address challenges in realizing large-scale dynamic social network analysis in real environments, and discuss several promising applications. Moreover, we present our design and implementation of a prototype system for quasi-realtime social network construction. We finally present preliminary experimental results of dynamic social network analysis for six-person social gatherings in a real environment, and discuss the feasibility of dynamic social network analysis and its effectiveness.
基金The Strategic Priority Research of the CAS,No.XDA20040400National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41871118。
文摘Due to the unique geographical location and historical background of Central Asia,the region’s geo-relation networks are complex and changeable.A social network analysis was conducted in this study to visualize the 20-year evolutionary process of bilateral(diplomatic relations)and multilateral(intergovernmental organization(IGO)connections)networks in Central Asia since 1993.Additionally,a further empirical study determined the significant driving forces of the construction of the geo-relation networks.The results showed that since the independence of the five Central Asian countries,their degree centrality(C,D(ni))values have been increasing,with the index values being the highest for Kazakhstan,followed by Uzbekistan,while the other three countries had relatively low values.The Central Asian countries maintain bilateral relations with post-Soviet nations,neighboring countries,and Western powers,and have gradually deepened and expanded their diplomatic networks.From each state’s perspective,the geostrategic approaches adopted by the five countries were different.Kazakhstan has focused on expanding its bilateral and multilateral relations,while the other Central Asian countries have attempted to increase their influence by joining influential IGOs.Various driving forces,including economic,political,cultural,and geographical factors,have played significant roles in the construction of geo-relation networks in Central Asia.The importance of these factors has changed over time,from political and cultural factors(before 1995)to relations with neighboring countries(1996-2001),and finally to economic power and cultural and religious proximity(after 2002).
文摘Social relationships formed within a network of interacting group members can have a profound impact on an indi- vidual＇s behavior and fitness. However, we have little understanding of how individuals perceive their relationships and how this perception relates to our external measures of interactions. We investigated the perception of affiliative and agonistic relation- ships at both the dyadic and emergent social levels in two captive groups of monk parakeets （Myiopsitta monachus, n = 21 and 19） using social network analysis and playback experiments. At the dyadic social scale, individuals directed less aggression to- wards their strong affiliative partners and more aggression towards non-partner neighbors.At the emergent social scale, there was no association between relationships in different social contexts and an individual＇s dominance rank did not correlate with its popularity rank. Playback response pattems were mainly driven by relationships in affiliative social contexts at the dyadic scale. In both groups, individual responses to playback experiments were significantly affected by strong affiliative relationships at the dyadic social scale, albeit in different directions in the two groups. Response pattems were also affected by affiliative relation- ships at the emergent social scale, but only in one of the two groups. Within affiliative relationships, those at the dyadic social scale were perceived by individuals in both groups, but those at the emergent social scale only affected responses in one group. These results provide preliminary evidence that relationships in affiliative social contexts may be perceived as more important than agonistic relationships in captive monk parakeet groups. Our approach could be used in a wide range of social species and comparative analyses could provide important insight into how individuals perceive relationships across social contexts and social scales [Current Zoology 61 （1）： 55-69, 2015].
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31372211)to WLthe Chinese Academy of Sciences(KSCX2-EW-N-005)to DHW.
文摘Animals often interact non-randomly with conspecifics,and association preferences can differ across life-history stages to maximize individuals’fitness.Mongolian gerbils(Meriones unguiculatus)are a social rodent that live in highly seasonal habitats and display seasonal fluctuations in population density,growth rate and the size of overlapped home ranges.Nevertheless,whether gerbils modify their social relationships at different life-history stages remains unknown.Here,we used social network analysis to examine whether social associations differ between the sexes and between life-history stages in a wild population of Mongolian gerbils.We quantified social attributes at both group level(assortativity)and individual level(social differentiation and degree,closeness and betweenness centrality);these attributes reflect individuals’social preferences and their potential influence on others in the network.We found that both male and female gerbils established fewer inter-group social connections during the food-hoarding season than during the breeding season,revealing constraints on sociality.Similarly,during the food-hoarding season,degree centrality and social differentiation increased significantly whereas closeness and betweenness centrality decreased significantly.Together,these results suggest that gerbils have relatively more partners and preferred associations and decreased influence over others in the network during the food-hoarding season.In addition,we found no significant difference in any of the social attribute between males and females,but there was a significant interaction effect between sex and season on degree,closeness and betweenness centrality.Our results demonstrate that Mongolian gerbils adjust their association strategies to adapt to the changes of life history.Such adjustments may balance the costs/benefits associated with survival and reproduction.
文摘科技人才是推动国家创新和经济增长的核心动力。本文利用Web of Science数据库,结合文献计量和科学知识图谱方法,分析了科技人才研究的分布特征、学科交叉特点和发展趋势。结果显示,自2005年起,相关研究论文数量显著增长,凸显全球对科技人才的重视。美国在该领域占据主导地位,而中国等国也展现出积极的发展趋势。教育、信息科学与图书馆学、多学科科学等学科对科技人才研究贡献显著,新冠疫情、早期职业教育、科技人才信任、公民科学家、科技人才计量、社交媒体以及焦虑和压力等新兴议题正成为研究热点。建议加强跨学科合作,关注科技人才心理健康,并持续评估研究趋势,以期促进科技人才研究领域的发展,为相关领域决策和研究提供科学依据。
