Super-fine electrohydrodynamic inkjet(SIJ)printing of perovskite nanocrystal(PNC)colloid ink exhibits significant potential in the fabrication of high-resolution color conversion microstructures arrays for fullcolor m...Super-fine electrohydrodynamic inkjet(SIJ)printing of perovskite nanocrystal(PNC)colloid ink exhibits significant potential in the fabrication of high-resolution color conversion microstructures arrays for fullcolor micro-LED displays.However,the impact of solvent on both the printing process and the morphology of SIJ-printed PNC color conversion microstructures remains underexplored.In this study,we prepared samples of CsPbBr3PNC colloid inks in various solvents and investigated the solvent's impact on SIJ printed PNC microstructures.Our findings reveal that the boiling point of the solvent is crucial to the SIJ printing process of PNC colloid inks.Only does the boiling point of the solvent fall in the optimal range,the regular positioned,micron-scaled,conical PNC microstructures can be successfully printed.Below this optimal range,the ink is unable to be ejected from the nozzle;while above this range,irregular positioned microstructures with nanoscale height and coffee-ring-like morphology are produced.Based on these observations,high-resolution color conversion PNC microstructures were effectively prepared using SIJ printing of PNC colloid ink dispersed in dimethylbenzene solvent.展开更多
Micro-light-emitting diodes(micro-LEDs)with outstanding performance are promising candidates for next-generation displays.To achieve the application of high-resolution displays such as meta-displays,virtual reality,an...Micro-light-emitting diodes(micro-LEDs)with outstanding performance are promising candidates for next-generation displays.To achieve the application of high-resolution displays such as meta-displays,virtual reality,and wearable electronics,the size of LEDs must be reduced to the micro-scale.Thus,traditional technology cannot meet the demand during the processing of micro-LEDs.Recently,lasers with short-duration pulses have attracted attention because of their unique advantages during micro-LED processing such as noncontact processing,adjustable energy and speed of the laser beam,no cutting force acting on the devices,high efficiency,and low cost.Herein,we review the techniques and principles of laser-based technologies for micro-LED displays,including chip dicing,geometry shaping,annealing,laserassisted bonding,laser lift-off,defect detection,laser repair,mass transfer,and optimization of quantum dot color conversion films.Moreover,the future prospects and challenges of laser-based techniques for micro-LED displays are discussed.展开更多
Micro-light-emitting diodes(micro-LEDs)have emerged as a promising display technology featuring high resolution,wide color gamut,high contrast,flexibility,and long lifetime.However,there are severe challenges in full-...Micro-light-emitting diodes(micro-LEDs)have emerged as a promising display technology featuring high resolution,wide color gamut,high contrast,flexibility,and long lifetime.However,there are severe challenges in full-color micro-LED,such as low efficiencies of red and green micro-LEDs,complex driving circuits for three-color micro-LEDs,and challenging mass transfer.Thus,converting blue light into red and green light by coupling color converters with blue LEDs is a reasonable strategy.Colloidal quantum dots(QDs)are an optimal candidate for color converters due to their high photoluminescence quantum yield,narrow emission peaks,small particle sizes,and solution processibility.Therefore,fullcolor micro-LEDs based on quantum dot color converters are attracting increasing attention.This review introduces micro-LED technology and the research progress of the full-color realization,and describes the associated technical challenges.Furthermore,it outlines the properties of QDs,patterning techniques,integration with micro-LEDs for achieving full color,and finally analyzes the challenges of applying QDs to micro-LEDs,demonstrating the application potential of QDs in achieving full-color of micro-LEDs,along with prospects for addressing current challenges.展开更多
Due to the excellent optoelectronic properties,fast response time,outstanding power efficiency and high stability,micro-LED plays an increasingly important role in the new generation of display technology compared wit...Due to the excellent optoelectronic properties,fast response time,outstanding power efficiency and high stability,micro-LED plays an increasingly important role in the new generation of display technology compared with LCD and OLED display.This paper mainly introduces the preparation methods of the GaN-based micro-LED array,the optoelectronic characteristics,and several key technologies to achieve full-color display,such as transfer printing,color conversion by quantum dot and local strain engineering.展开更多
Micro-light emitting diode(micro-LED)is an emerging display technology with excellent performance of high contrast,low power consumption,long lifetime,and fast response time compared with the current display(e.g.,liqu...Micro-light emitting diode(micro-LED)is an emerging display technology with excellent performance of high contrast,low power consumption,long lifetime,and fast response time compared with the current display(e.g.,liquid crystal and organic LED(OLED)).With technological advantages,micro-LED holds promise to be widely applied in augmented reality(AR),flexible screens,etc.and is thus regarded as the next generation of display technology.In the process flow of micro-LED,the step known as mass transfer that requires transferring millions of micro-LEDs from a growth substrate to a display plane,is one of the key challenges limiting the commercialization of micro-LED from laboratory.Worldwide academic and industrial efforts have been devoted to developing mass transfer strategies with purposes of improving yield and reducing cost.Herein we review three main categories of mass transfer technologies for micro-LED display(pick-and-place,fluid self-assembly and laser-enabled advanced placement)and the coupled detection and repair technologies after transfer.Discussions and comparisons have been provided about the underlying general principle,history,and representative parties,advantages,and disadvantages(yield/efficiency/cost)of these technologies.We further envision the application prospect of these transfer technologies and the promise of the future display of micro-LED.展开更多
One of the major challenges when fabricating high gamut colour-converted micro-light-emitting diodes(LEDs)displays is severe crosstalk effect among adjacent pixels because of the wide view-angle feature of micro-LED c...One of the major challenges when fabricating high gamut colour-converted micro-light-emitting diodes(LEDs)displays is severe crosstalk effect among adjacent pixels because of the wide view-angle feature of micro-LED chips.In this study,potential factors that contribute to the crosstalk effect were systematically simulated.We observed that precisely filling the space between each micro-LED chip with a light blocking matrix(LBM)can be a promising solution to alleviate this risk.After careful investigations,a press-assisted moulding technique was demonstrated to be an effective approach of fabricating the LBM.Nevertheless,experimental observations further revealed that residual black LBM on the surface of micro-LEDs severely reduces the brightness,thereby compromising the display performance.This problem was successfully addressed by employing a plasma etching technique to efficiently extract the trapped light.Eventually,a top-emitting blue micro-LED-based backlight fine-moulded with a black LBM was developed and combined with red and green quantum dot colour-conversion layers for full-colour display.The colour gamut of our manufactured display prototype can cover as high as 122%that of the National Television Standards Committee.展开更多
Computer vision techniques are real-time,immersive,and perceptual human-computer interaction technology.Excellent display effect,dynamic surface flexibility,and safe bio-adhesion are essential for various human–compu...Computer vision techniques are real-time,immersive,and perceptual human-computer interaction technology.Excellent display effect,dynamic surface flexibility,and safe bio-adhesion are essential for various human–computer interaction applications,such as metaverse interfaces,skin-like sensors,and optoelectronic medical devices.However,realizing the flexible matching of inorganic optoelectronic devices and organisms remains a grand challenge for current display technologies.Here,we proposed a novel strategy by combining the optoelectronic advantages of inorganic micro light emitting diode(micro-LED)display and the extraordinary mechanical/biological compatibility of organic materials to overcome this challenge.A highly elastic(greater than 2000%strain),highly transparent(94%visible light transmittance),biocompatible conductive hydrogel composite electrode layer was fabricated.For the first time,we realized the on-chip electrical interconnection of 4900 LED units to form a blue-green light display patch with high resolution(264 PPI),low power consumption(4.4 mW)and adaptive surface attachment.This work demonstrates an integrated scheme and potential applications of flexible high-resolution microdisplays,such as wearable fullcolor micro-LED smart curved display devices and conformable biomedical monitoring systems.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62374142)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.20720220085 and 20720240064)+2 种基金External Cooperation Program of Fujian(No.2022I0004)Major Science and Technology Project of Xiamen in China(No.3502Z20191015)Xiamen Natural Science Foundation Youth Project(No.3502Z202471002)。
文摘Super-fine electrohydrodynamic inkjet(SIJ)printing of perovskite nanocrystal(PNC)colloid ink exhibits significant potential in the fabrication of high-resolution color conversion microstructures arrays for fullcolor micro-LED displays.However,the impact of solvent on both the printing process and the morphology of SIJ-printed PNC color conversion microstructures remains underexplored.In this study,we prepared samples of CsPbBr3PNC colloid inks in various solvents and investigated the solvent's impact on SIJ printed PNC microstructures.Our findings reveal that the boiling point of the solvent is crucial to the SIJ printing process of PNC colloid inks.Only does the boiling point of the solvent fall in the optimal range,the regular positioned,micron-scaled,conical PNC microstructures can be successfully printed.Below this optimal range,the ink is unable to be ejected from the nozzle;while above this range,irregular positioned microstructures with nanoscale height and coffee-ring-like morphology are produced.Based on these observations,high-resolution color conversion PNC microstructures were effectively prepared using SIJ printing of PNC colloid ink dispersed in dimethylbenzene solvent.
基金supports from National Natural Science Foundation of China (62274138,11904302)Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China (2023J06012)+2 种基金Science and Technology Plan Project in Fujian Province of China (2021H0011)Fujian Province Central Guidance Local Science and Technology Development Fund Project In 2022 (2022L3058)Compound semiconductor technology Collaborative Innovation Platform project of FuXiaQuan National Independent Innovation Demonstration Zone (3502ZCQXT2022005)。
文摘Micro-light-emitting diodes(micro-LEDs)with outstanding performance are promising candidates for next-generation displays.To achieve the application of high-resolution displays such as meta-displays,virtual reality,and wearable electronics,the size of LEDs must be reduced to the micro-scale.Thus,traditional technology cannot meet the demand during the processing of micro-LEDs.Recently,lasers with short-duration pulses have attracted attention because of their unique advantages during micro-LED processing such as noncontact processing,adjustable energy and speed of the laser beam,no cutting force acting on the devices,high efficiency,and low cost.Herein,we review the techniques and principles of laser-based technologies for micro-LED displays,including chip dicing,geometry shaping,annealing,laserassisted bonding,laser lift-off,defect detection,laser repair,mass transfer,and optimization of quantum dot color conversion films.Moreover,the future prospects and challenges of laser-based techniques for micro-LED displays are discussed.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFA0715502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62475084).
文摘Micro-light-emitting diodes(micro-LEDs)have emerged as a promising display technology featuring high resolution,wide color gamut,high contrast,flexibility,and long lifetime.However,there are severe challenges in full-color micro-LED,such as low efficiencies of red and green micro-LEDs,complex driving circuits for three-color micro-LEDs,and challenging mass transfer.Thus,converting blue light into red and green light by coupling color converters with blue LEDs is a reasonable strategy.Colloidal quantum dots(QDs)are an optimal candidate for color converters due to their high photoluminescence quantum yield,narrow emission peaks,small particle sizes,and solution processibility.Therefore,fullcolor micro-LEDs based on quantum dot color converters are attracting increasing attention.This review introduces micro-LED technology and the research progress of the full-color realization,and describes the associated technical challenges.Furthermore,it outlines the properties of QDs,patterning techniques,integration with micro-LEDs for achieving full color,and finally analyzes the challenges of applying QDs to micro-LEDs,demonstrating the application potential of QDs in achieving full-color of micro-LEDs,along with prospects for addressing current challenges.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(61974031,61705041 and 61571135)Shanghai Sailing Program(17YF1429100)+2 种基金Shanghai Technical Standard Program(18DZ2206000)State Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect Funding(SKLIPR1607)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFB0403603).
文摘Due to the excellent optoelectronic properties,fast response time,outstanding power efficiency and high stability,micro-LED plays an increasingly important role in the new generation of display technology compared with LCD and OLED display.This paper mainly introduces the preparation methods of the GaN-based micro-LED array,the optoelectronic characteristics,and several key technologies to achieve full-color display,such as transfer printing,color conversion by quantum dot and local strain engineering.
基金supported by the National ScienceFoundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(51925301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52122315 and 21972008)+3 种基金Beijing Nova Program(Z201100006820021)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(XK1902)the Wanren Plan(wrjh201903)the Open Project of State Key Laboratory(sklssm2022)。
文摘Micro-light emitting diode(micro-LED)is an emerging display technology with excellent performance of high contrast,low power consumption,long lifetime,and fast response time compared with the current display(e.g.,liquid crystal and organic LED(OLED)).With technological advantages,micro-LED holds promise to be widely applied in augmented reality(AR),flexible screens,etc.and is thus regarded as the next generation of display technology.In the process flow of micro-LED,the step known as mass transfer that requires transferring millions of micro-LEDs from a growth substrate to a display plane,is one of the key challenges limiting the commercialization of micro-LED from laboratory.Worldwide academic and industrial efforts have been devoted to developing mass transfer strategies with purposes of improving yield and reducing cost.Herein we review three main categories of mass transfer technologies for micro-LED display(pick-and-place,fluid self-assembly and laser-enabled advanced placement)and the coupled detection and repair technologies after transfer.Discussions and comparisons have been provided about the underlying general principle,history,and representative parties,advantages,and disadvantages(yield/efficiency/cost)of these technologies.We further envision the application prospect of these transfer technologies and the promise of the future display of micro-LED.
基金This work was financially supported by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2021A1515110085)Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(No.2019B010924003)+2 种基金Shenzhen Hong Kong Innovation Circle Joint R&D Project(SGDX20190918105201704)Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program(No.GXWD20201231165807007-20200810113811001)Shenzhen Science and Technology Research Grant(JCYJ20170818085627903).
文摘One of the major challenges when fabricating high gamut colour-converted micro-light-emitting diodes(LEDs)displays is severe crosstalk effect among adjacent pixels because of the wide view-angle feature of micro-LED chips.In this study,potential factors that contribute to the crosstalk effect were systematically simulated.We observed that precisely filling the space between each micro-LED chip with a light blocking matrix(LBM)can be a promising solution to alleviate this risk.After careful investigations,a press-assisted moulding technique was demonstrated to be an effective approach of fabricating the LBM.Nevertheless,experimental observations further revealed that residual black LBM on the surface of micro-LEDs severely reduces the brightness,thereby compromising the display performance.This problem was successfully addressed by employing a plasma etching technique to efficiently extract the trapped light.Eventually,a top-emitting blue micro-LED-based backlight fine-moulded with a black LBM was developed and combined with red and green quantum dot colour-conversion layers for full-colour display.The colour gamut of our manufactured display prototype can cover as high as 122%that of the National Television Standards Committee.
基金The authors thank for the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52173298,61904012,and 52192611)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFA1201603)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Computer vision techniques are real-time,immersive,and perceptual human-computer interaction technology.Excellent display effect,dynamic surface flexibility,and safe bio-adhesion are essential for various human–computer interaction applications,such as metaverse interfaces,skin-like sensors,and optoelectronic medical devices.However,realizing the flexible matching of inorganic optoelectronic devices and organisms remains a grand challenge for current display technologies.Here,we proposed a novel strategy by combining the optoelectronic advantages of inorganic micro light emitting diode(micro-LED)display and the extraordinary mechanical/biological compatibility of organic materials to overcome this challenge.A highly elastic(greater than 2000%strain),highly transparent(94%visible light transmittance),biocompatible conductive hydrogel composite electrode layer was fabricated.For the first time,we realized the on-chip electrical interconnection of 4900 LED units to form a blue-green light display patch with high resolution(264 PPI),low power consumption(4.4 mW)and adaptive surface attachment.This work demonstrates an integrated scheme and potential applications of flexible high-resolution microdisplays,such as wearable fullcolor micro-LED smart curved display devices and conformable biomedical monitoring systems.
