Nanotechnology allows the realization of new materials and devices with basic structural unit in the range of1–100 nm and characterized by gaining control at the atomic, molecular, and supramolecular level. Reducing ...Nanotechnology allows the realization of new materials and devices with basic structural unit in the range of1–100 nm and characterized by gaining control at the atomic, molecular, and supramolecular level. Reducing the dimensions of a material into the nanoscale range usually results in the change of its physiochemical properties such as reactivity,crystallinity, and solubility. This review treats the convergence of last research news at the interface of nanostructured biomaterials and tissue engineering for emerging biomedical technologies such as scaffolding and tissue regeneration. The present review is organized into three main sections. The introduction concerns an overview of the increasing utility of nanostructured materials in the field of tissue engineering. It elucidates how nanotechnology, by working in the submicron length scale, assures the realization of a biocompatible interface that is able to reproduce the physiological cell–matrix interaction. The second, more technical section, concerns the design and fabrication of biocompatible surface characterized by micro- and submicroscale features, using microfabrication, nanolithography, and miscellaneous nanolithographic techniques.In the last part, we review the ongoing tissue engineering application of nanostructured materials and scaffolds in different fields such as neurology, cardiology, orthopedics, and skin tissue regeneration.展开更多
Commercial Cu and Al current collectors for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)possess high electrical conductivity,suitable chemical and electrochemical stability.However,the relatively flat surface of traditional current co...Commercial Cu and Al current collectors for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)possess high electrical conductivity,suitable chemical and electrochemical stability.However,the relatively flat surface of traditional current collectors causes weak bonding strength and poor electrochemical contact between current collectors and electrode materials,resulting in potential detachment of active materials and rapid capacity degradation during extended cycling.Here,we report an ultrafast femtosecond laser strategy to manufacture hierarchical micro/nanostructures on commercial Al and Cu foils as current collectors for high-performance LIBs.The hierarchically micro/nanostructured current collectors(HMNCCs)with high surface area and roughness offer strong adhesion to active materials,fast electronic delivery of entire electrodes,significantly improving reversible capacities and cyclic stability of HMNCCs based LIBs.Consequently,LiNi_(0.5)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.3)O_(2)(NCM523)cathode with Al HMNCC generated a high reversible capacity after 200 cycles(25%higher than that of cathode with Al CC).Besides,graphite anode with Cu HMNCC also maintained prominent reversible capacity even after 600 cycles.Moreover,the full cell assembled by graphite anode with Cu HMNCC and NCM523 cathode with Al HMNCC achieved high reversible capacity and remarkable cycling stability under industrial-grade mass loading.This study provides promising candidate for achieving high-performance LIBs current collectors.展开更多
manufacturing of biomimetic micro/nanostructures due to its specific advantages including high precision,simplicity,and compatibility for diverse materials in comparison with other methods(e.g.ion etching,sol-gel proc...manufacturing of biomimetic micro/nanostructures due to its specific advantages including high precision,simplicity,and compatibility for diverse materials in comparison with other methods(e.g.ion etching,sol-gel process,chemical vapor deposition,template method,and self-assembly).These biomimetic micro/nanostructured surfaces are of significant interest for academic and industrial research due to their wide range of potential applications,including self-cleaning surfaces,oil-water separation,and fog collection.This review presents the inherent relationship between natural organisms,fabrication methods,micro/nanostructures and their potential applications.Thereafter,we throw a list of current fabrication strategies so as to highlight the advantages of FLDW in manufacturing bioinspired microstructured surfaces.Subsequently,we summarize a variety of typical bioinspired designs(e.g.lotus leaf,pitcher plant,rice leaf,butterfly wings,etc)for diverse multifunctional micro/nanostructures through extreme femtosecond laser processing technology.Based on the principle of interfacial chemistry and geometrical optics,we discuss the potential applications of these functional micro/nanostructures and assess the underlying challenges and opportunities in the extreme fabrication of bioinspired micro/nanostructures by FLDW.This review concludes with a follow up and an outlook of femtosecond laser processing in biomimetic domains.展开更多
In this work,a simple method was carried out to successfully fabricate superoleophilic and superhydrophobic N-dodecyltrimethoxysilane@tungsten trioxide coated copper mesh.The as-fabricated copper mesh displayed promin...In this work,a simple method was carried out to successfully fabricate superoleophilic and superhydrophobic N-dodecyltrimethoxysilane@tungsten trioxide coated copper mesh.The as-fabricated copper mesh displayed prominent superoleophilicity and superhydrophobicity with a huge water contact angle about 154.39°and oil contact angle near 0°Moreover,the coated copper mesh showed high separation efficiency approximately 99.3%,and huge water flux about 9962.3 L·h^-1·m-2,which could be used to separate various organic solvents/water mixtures.Furthermore,the coated copper mesh showed favorable stability that the separation efficiency remained above 90%after 10 separation cycles.Benefiting from the excellent photocatalytic degradation ability of tungsten trioxide,the coated copper mesh possessed the self-cleaning capacity.Therefore,the mesh contaminated with lubricating oil could regain superhydrophobic property,and this property of self-cleaning permitted that the fabricated copper mesh could be repeatedly used for oil and water separation.展开更多
Natural biomaterials are now frequently used to build biocarrier systems,which can carry medications and biomolecules to a target region and achieve a desired therapeutic effect.Biomaterials and polymers are of great ...Natural biomaterials are now frequently used to build biocarrier systems,which can carry medications and biomolecules to a target region and achieve a desired therapeutic effect.Biomaterials and polymers are of great importance in the synthesis of nanomaterials.The recent studies have tended to use these materials because they are easily obtained from natural sources such as fungi,algae,bacteria,and medicinal plants.They are also biodegradable,compatible with neighborhoods,and non-toxic.Natural biomaterials and polymers are chemically changed when they are linked by cross linking agents with other polymers to create scaffolds,matrices,composites,and interpenetrating polymer networks employing microtechnology and nanotechnology.This review highlights how microengineered and nanoengineered biomaterials are utilized to produce efficient drug-delivery systems and biomedical and biological therapies and how innovative sources of biomaterials have been identified.展开更多
To improve the corrosion resistance of key components and ensure the service safety of marine equipment,here we combined femtosecond(fs)laser fabrication and magnetron sputtering deposition to develop micro/nanostruct...To improve the corrosion resistance of key components and ensure the service safety of marine equipment,here we combined femtosecond(fs)laser fabrication and magnetron sputtering deposition to develop micro/nanostructured amorphous TiNbZr films.Analysis of the compositional,microstructural,corrosion,and mechanical properties was conducted.The results showed that the TiNbZr films were amorphous,and spherical TiNbZr nanoparticles uniformly covered the fs laser-induced periodic fringe structure.A complex hierarchical micro/nanostructure was formed that was hydrophobic and showed enhanced adhesion strength.The TiNbZr films deposited on fs laser-treated substrates provided the best corrosion resistance,showing a self-corrosion current density of 116 nA/cm^(2),excellent passive ability,and pitting resistance.The microscratch test revealed that the micro/nanostructures doubled the binding strength of the TiNbZr/316L interface due to the compositional and structural gradients induced by an approximately 20 nm transition layer formed during fs laser processing.This work provides a new method for obtaining anti-corrosion films with a high adhesion strength for marine applications.展开更多
Nanomaterials are known to exhibit a number of interesting physical and chemical properties for various applications,including energy conversion and storage,nanoscale electronics,sensors and actuators,photonics device...Nanomaterials are known to exhibit a number of interesting physical and chemical properties for various applications,including energy conversion and storage,nanoscale electronics,sensors and actuators,photonics devices and even for biomedical purposes.In the past decade,laser as a synthetic technique and laser as a microfabrication technique facilitated nanomaterial preparation and nanostructure construction,including the laser processing-induced carbon and non-carbon nanomaterials,hierarchical structure construction,patterning,heteroatom doping,sputtering etching,and so on.The laser-induced nanomaterials and nanostructures have extended broad applications in electronic devices,such as light–thermal conversion,batteries,supercapacitors,sensor devices,actuators and electrocatalytic electrodes.Here,the recent developments in the laser synthesis of carbon-based and non-carbon-based nanomaterials are comprehensively summarized.An extensive overview on laser-enabled electronic devices for various applications is depicted.With the rapid progress made in the research on nanomaterial preparation through laser synthesis and laser microfabrication technologies,laser synthesis and microfabrication toward energy conversion and storage will undergo fast development.展开更多
Surface structures and physicochemical properties critically influence osseointegration of titanium(Ti)implants.Previous studies have shown that the surface with both micro-and nanoscale roughness may provide multiple...Surface structures and physicochemical properties critically influence osseointegration of titanium(Ti)implants.Previous studies have shown that the surface with both micro-and nanoscale roughness may provide multiple features comparable to cell dimensions and thus efficiently regulate cell-material interaction.However,less attention has been made to further optimize the physicochemical properties(e.g.,crystalline phase)and to further improve the bioactivity of micro/nanostructured surfaces.Herein,micro/nanostructured titania surfaces with different crystalline phases(amorphous,anatase and anatase/rutile)were prepared and hydroxyapatite(HA)nanorods were deposited onto the as-prepared surfaces by a spin-assisted layer-by-layer assembly method without greatly altering the initial multi-scale morphology and wettability.The effects of crystalline phase,chemical composition and wettability on osteoblast response were investigated.It is noted that all the micro/nanostructured surfaces with/without HA modification presented superamphiphilic.The activities of MC3T3-E1 cells suggested that the proliferation trend on the micro/nanostructured surfaces was greatly influenced by different crystalline phases,and the highest proliferation rate was obtained on the anatase/rutile surface,followed by the anatase;but the cell differentiation and extracellular matrix mineralization were almost the same among them.After ultrathin HA modification on the micro/nanostructured surfaces with different crystalline phases,it exhibited similar proliferation trend as the original surfaces;however,the cell differentiation and extracellular matrix mineralization were significantly improved.The results indicate that the introduction of ultrathin HA to the micro/nanostructured surfaces with optimized crystalline phase benefits cell proliferation,differentiation and maturation,which suggests a favorable biomimetic microenvironment and provides the potential for enhanced implant osseointegration in vivo.展开更多
The microstructure and wear performance of M203-13% TiO2 coatings prepared by plasma spraying of agglom- erated nanoparticle powders were investigated. SEM analysis showed that the as-sprayed Al2O3-TiO2 coatings compr...The microstructure and wear performance of M203-13% TiO2 coatings prepared by plasma spraying of agglom- erated nanoparticle powders were investigated. SEM analysis showed that the as-sprayed Al2O3-TiO2 coatings comprise of two kinds of typical region： fully melted region and unmelted/partially melted nanostructured region, which is different than the conventional coating with lamellar structure. It is shown that the microhardness of the nanostructured coatings was about 15%-30% higher than that of the conventional coating and the wear resistance is significantly improved, especially under a high wear load. The nanostructured coating sprayed at a lower power shows a lower wear resistance than the coatings produced at a higher power, because of the presence of pores and microstructural defects which are detrimental to the fracture toughness of the coatings.展开更多
Nanostructured yttria partially stabilized zirconia(YSZ) coatings were prepared by atmospheric plasma spraying(APS) using the conglomeration made by zirconia nanoparticle as the raw materials.The measurement methods,w...Nanostructured yttria partially stabilized zirconia(YSZ) coatings were prepared by atmospheric plasma spraying(APS) using the conglomeration made by zirconia nanoparticle as the raw materials.The measurement methods,which consisted of scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and thermal cycling behavior,were used to character the morphology,composition and thermal oxidation behavior of the powder and the coatings.From the results,it was shown that the YSZ coating was the laminar structure,and the elements distribution in the bond and top coat were well-proportioned.The YSZ coatings were composed of fine grains with size ranging from 30 to 110 nm.The laminar layers with columnar grains were surrounded with unmelted parts of the nanostructured powder and some equiaxed grains.In the as-sprayed nanostructured zirconia coatings,there existed pores that were less than 1 μm.The cracks were observed on some of the crystal border.The cyclic oxidation experiment showed that the nanostructured coating had longer thermal cycling lifetime to exhibit the promising thermal cyclic oxidation resistance.The failure of the nanostructured TBC was similar to the failure of conventional APS TBC.展开更多
The friction and wear properties of plasma-sprayed nanostructured FeS coating were investigated on an MHK- 500 friction and wear tester under both oil lubrication and dry friction condition. The microstructure, worn s...The friction and wear properties of plasma-sprayed nanostructured FeS coating were investigated on an MHK- 500 friction and wear tester under both oil lubrication and dry friction condition. The microstructure, worn surface morphology and phase composition of the coating were characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. It was found that the coating was mainly composed of FeS. a small quantity of Fe1-xS and oxide were also found. The coating was formed by small particles of 50～100 nm in size The thickness of the coating is approximately 150 μm. The friction-reduction and wear-resistance properties of plasma-sprayed nanostructured FeS coating were superior to that of GCr15 steel substrate. Especially under oil lubrication condition, the friction coefficient of nanostructured FeS coating was 50% of that of GCr15 steel, the wear scar widths of the coating were also reduced to nearly 50% of that of GCr15 steel under high load. The failure of the coating was mainly attributed to plastic deformation under both oil lubrication and dry friction condition.展开更多
A bulk nanostructured Al-10.0Zn-2.8Mg-1.8Cu alloy was synthesized by cryomilling first and then by spark plasma sintering （SPS）, and the effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of t...A bulk nanostructured Al-10.0Zn-2.8Mg-1.8Cu alloy was synthesized by cryomilling first and then by spark plasma sintering （SPS）, and the effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of this alloy were studied. Most MgZn2 particles with a coarse size lie on the grain boundaries of the SPS-processed sample. After solid solution and artificial aging, fine spherical-like MgZn2 particles precipitate uniformly in the grain interiors. No obvious grain growth is found after the heat treatment. A nanoindentation study indicates that no clear change is found in the Yong＇s modulus of the nanostructured alloy after the heat treatment. However, the hardness of the nanostructured alloy increases by about 33% after the heat treatment, which is attributed to the effect of precipitation-hardening.展开更多
The intensive development of micro-/nanotechnologies offers a new route to construct sophisticated architectures of emerging soft electronics.Among the many classes of stretchable materials,micro-/nanostructured poly(...The intensive development of micro-/nanotechnologies offers a new route to construct sophisticated architectures of emerging soft electronics.Among the many classes of stretchable materials,micro-/nanostructured poly(dimethylsiloxane)(PDMS)has emerged as a vital building block based on its merits of flexibility,stretchability,simple processing,and,more importantly,high degrees of freedom of incorporation with other functional materials,including metals and semiconductors.The artificially designed geometries play important roles in achieving the desired mechanical and electrical performances of devices and thus show great potential for applications in the fields of stretchable displays,sensors and actuators as well as in health-monitoring device platforms.Meanwhile,novel lithographic methods to produce stretchable platforms with superb reliability have recently attracted research interest.The aim of this review is to comprehensively summarize the progress regarding micro-/nanostructured PDMS and their promising soft electronic applications.This review is concluded with a brief outlook and further research directions.展开更多
The analytical electron microscopy has been used to characterize the morphology,structure and composition of the nanostructured material of Sn- Bi alloy prepared by a modified electrohydrodynamic technique. The electr...The analytical electron microscopy has been used to characterize the morphology,structure and composition of the nanostructured material of Sn- Bi alloy prepared by a modified electrohydrodynamic technique. The electron diffraction pattern and the corresponding contrast image for the discrete particles with a diameter smaller than 4 nm have been obtained.It is shown that the nanocrystalline Sn-Bi alloy particles comprise a single crystal of Bi-containing β-Sn solid solution or of Sn-containing Bi solid solution. A direct preparation procedure of the samples during the electrohydrodynamic rapid solidification process has been developed for electron microscopic observation.展开更多
In the Leidenfrost state, the liquid drop is levitated above a hot solid surface by a vapor layer generated via evaporation from the drop. The vapor layer thermally insulates the drop from the heating surface, causing...In the Leidenfrost state, the liquid drop is levitated above a hot solid surface by a vapor layer generated via evaporation from the drop. The vapor layer thermally insulates the drop from the heating surface, causing deteriorated heat transfer in a myriad of important engineering applications. Thus, it is highly desirable to suppress the Leidenfrost effect and elevate the Leidenfrost temperature. This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent literature concerning the Leidenfrost drops on micro/nanostructured surfaces with an emphasis on the enhancement of the Leidenfrost temperature. The basic physical processes of the Leidenfrost effect and the key characteristics of the Leidenfrost drops were first intro- duced. Then, the major findings of the influence of various micro/nanoscale surface structures on the Leidenfrost temperature were presented in detail, and the underlying enhancement mechanism for each specific surface topology was also discussed. It was concluded that multiscale hierarchical surfaces hold the best promise to significantly boost the Leidenfrost temperature by combin- ing the advantages of both micro- and nanoscale structures.展开更多
CeO2 is an important porous material with a wide range of applications in the abatement of volatile organic compounds （VOCs）. In this paper, we prepared a series of novel three-dimensional （3D） micro/nanostructure...CeO2 is an important porous material with a wide range of applications in the abatement of volatile organic compounds （VOCs）. In this paper, we prepared a series of novel three-dimensional （3D） micro/nanostructured CeO2 materials via a solvothermal method. Organic acid-assisted synthesis and inorganic acid post-treatment were used to adjust the Ce02 microstructures. The size of the 3D micro/nanostructures could be controlled in the range from 180nm to 1.5 μm and the surface morphology changed from rough to smooth with the use of different organic acids. The CeO2 synthesized with acetic acid featured a hierarchical porosity and showed good performance for toluene catalytic combustion： a T50 of 187 ℃ and a T90 of 195 ℃. Moreover, the crystallite size, textural properties, and surface chemical states could be tuned by inorganic acid modification. After treatment with HNO3, the modified CeO2 materials exhibited improved catalytic activity, with a T50 of-175 ℃ and a T90 of -187 ℃. We concluded that the toluene combustion activity is related to the porosity and the amount of surface active oxygen of the CeO2. Both these features can be tuned by the co-work of organic and inorganic acids.展开更多
The research of superhydrophobic materials has attracted many researchers＇ attention due to its application value and prospects.In order to expand the serviceable range,people have investigated various superhydrophob...The research of superhydrophobic materials has attracted many researchers＇ attention due to its application value and prospects.In order to expand the serviceable range,people have investigated various superhydrophobic materials.The simple and easy preparation method has become the focus for superhydrophobic materials.In this paper,we present a program for preparing a rough surface on an aluminum foil,which possesses excellent hydrophobic properties after the treatment with low surface energy materials at high vacuum.The resulting contact angle is larger than 160° and the droplet cannot freeze on the surface above-10 ℃.Meanwhile,the modified aluminum foil with the thickness of less than 100 μm can be used as an ideal flexible applied material for superhydrophobicity/anti-icing.展开更多
Rolling contact fatigue performance is among the most important issues for applications of bearing steels.In this work,a recently developed surface modification technique,surface mechanical rolling treatment,was appli...Rolling contact fatigue performance is among the most important issues for applications of bearing steels.In this work,a recently developed surface modification technique,surface mechanical rolling treatment,was applied on a rare-earth addition bearing steel.And rolling contact fatigue behavior of treated samples was compared with that of as-received counterparts at different contacting stresses.The results demonstrated that a 700μm-thick gradient nanostructured surface layer is produced on samples by surface mechanical rolling treatment.The grain size decreases while the microhardness increases gradually with decreasing depth,reaching~23 nm and~10.2 GPa,respectively,at the top surface.Consequently,the rolling contact fatigue property is significantly enhanced.The characteristic life of treated samples is~3.2 times that of untreated counterparts according to Weibull curves at 5.6 GPa.Analyses of fatigue mechanisms demonstrated that the gradient nanostructured surface layer might not only retard material degradation and microcrack formation,but also prolong the steady-state elastic response stage under rolling contact fatigue.展开更多
This work focuses on fundamental understanding of microstructure evolution of nanostructured ferritic alloy(NFA) and 25 vol.% Cr3C2 coated Si C(Cr3C2@Si C)-NFA composite during spark plasma sintering at950°C and ...This work focuses on fundamental understanding of microstructure evolution of nanostructured ferritic alloy(NFA) and 25 vol.% Cr3C2 coated Si C(Cr3C2@Si C)-NFA composite during spark plasma sintering at950°C and the following thermal treatment at 1000°C. A unique bi-phase microstructure with distinct Cr-rich and Si-rich phases has been observed for the 25 vol.% Cr3C2@Si C-NFA composite, while for the NFA sample, the traditional large grain microstructure remains. Grain sizes are significantly smaller for the25 vol.% Cr3C2@Si C-NFA composite compared to those for the pure NFA, which can be attributed to the presence of grain boundary phases in the composite sample. During the thermal treatment, microstructure features can be directly correlated with the dissolution kinetics and phase diagrams calculated using Thermo-Calc/DICTRA/PRISMA~?.展开更多
High-pressure β-Sn germanium may transform into diverse metastable allotropes with distinctive nanostructures and unique physical properties via multiple pathways under decompression.However,the mechanism and transit...High-pressure β-Sn germanium may transform into diverse metastable allotropes with distinctive nanostructures and unique physical properties via multiple pathways under decompression.However,the mechanism and transition kinetics remain poorly understood.Here,we investigate the formation of metastable phases and nanostructures in germanium via controllable transition pathways of β-Sn Ge under rapid decompression at different rates.High-resolution transmission electron microscopy reveals three distinct metastable phases with the distinctive nanostructures:an almost perfect st12 Ge crystal,nanosized bc8/r8 structures with amorphous boundaries,and amorphous Ge with nanosized clusters (0.8–2.5 nm).Fast in situ x-ray diffraction and x-ray absorption measurements indicate that these nanostructured products form in certain pressure regions via distinct kinetic pathways and are strongly correlated with nucleation rates and electronic transitions mediated by compression rate,temperature,and stress.This work provides deep insight into the controllable synthesis of metastable materials with unique crystal symmetries and nanostructures for potential applications.展开更多
文摘Nanotechnology allows the realization of new materials and devices with basic structural unit in the range of1–100 nm and characterized by gaining control at the atomic, molecular, and supramolecular level. Reducing the dimensions of a material into the nanoscale range usually results in the change of its physiochemical properties such as reactivity,crystallinity, and solubility. This review treats the convergence of last research news at the interface of nanostructured biomaterials and tissue engineering for emerging biomedical technologies such as scaffolding and tissue regeneration. The present review is organized into three main sections. The introduction concerns an overview of the increasing utility of nanostructured materials in the field of tissue engineering. It elucidates how nanotechnology, by working in the submicron length scale, assures the realization of a biocompatible interface that is able to reproduce the physiological cell–matrix interaction. The second, more technical section, concerns the design and fabrication of biocompatible surface characterized by micro- and submicroscale features, using microfabrication, nanolithography, and miscellaneous nanolithographic techniques.In the last part, we review the ongoing tissue engineering application of nanostructured materials and scaffolds in different fields such as neurology, cardiology, orthopedics, and skin tissue regeneration.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52074113 and No.22005091)the Fundamental Research Funds of the Central Universities(No.531107051048)support from the Hunan Key Laboratory of Two-Dimensional Materials(No.2018TP1010)。
文摘Commercial Cu and Al current collectors for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)possess high electrical conductivity,suitable chemical and electrochemical stability.However,the relatively flat surface of traditional current collectors causes weak bonding strength and poor electrochemical contact between current collectors and electrode materials,resulting in potential detachment of active materials and rapid capacity degradation during extended cycling.Here,we report an ultrafast femtosecond laser strategy to manufacture hierarchical micro/nanostructures on commercial Al and Cu foils as current collectors for high-performance LIBs.The hierarchically micro/nanostructured current collectors(HMNCCs)with high surface area and roughness offer strong adhesion to active materials,fast electronic delivery of entire electrodes,significantly improving reversible capacities and cyclic stability of HMNCCs based LIBs.Consequently,LiNi_(0.5)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.3)O_(2)(NCM523)cathode with Al HMNCC generated a high reversible capacity after 200 cycles(25%higher than that of cathode with Al CC).Besides,graphite anode with Cu HMNCC also maintained prominent reversible capacity even after 600 cycles.Moreover,the full cell assembled by graphite anode with Cu HMNCC and NCM523 cathode with Al HMNCC achieved high reversible capacity and remarkable cycling stability under industrial-grade mass loading.This study provides promising candidate for achieving high-performance LIBs current collectors.
基金The present work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51805508)the Key Project of Equipment Pre-Research Field Fund of China(61409230310)and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WK2090090025).
文摘manufacturing of biomimetic micro/nanostructures due to its specific advantages including high precision,simplicity,and compatibility for diverse materials in comparison with other methods(e.g.ion etching,sol-gel process,chemical vapor deposition,template method,and self-assembly).These biomimetic micro/nanostructured surfaces are of significant interest for academic and industrial research due to their wide range of potential applications,including self-cleaning surfaces,oil-water separation,and fog collection.This review presents the inherent relationship between natural organisms,fabrication methods,micro/nanostructures and their potential applications.Thereafter,we throw a list of current fabrication strategies so as to highlight the advantages of FLDW in manufacturing bioinspired microstructured surfaces.Subsequently,we summarize a variety of typical bioinspired designs(e.g.lotus leaf,pitcher plant,rice leaf,butterfly wings,etc)for diverse multifunctional micro/nanostructures through extreme femtosecond laser processing technology.Based on the principle of interfacial chemistry and geometrical optics,we discuss the potential applications of these functional micro/nanostructures and assess the underlying challenges and opportunities in the extreme fabrication of bioinspired micro/nanostructures by FLDW.This review concludes with a follow up and an outlook of femtosecond laser processing in biomimetic domains.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21776319 and No.21476269).
文摘In this work,a simple method was carried out to successfully fabricate superoleophilic and superhydrophobic N-dodecyltrimethoxysilane@tungsten trioxide coated copper mesh.The as-fabricated copper mesh displayed prominent superoleophilicity and superhydrophobicity with a huge water contact angle about 154.39°and oil contact angle near 0°Moreover,the coated copper mesh showed high separation efficiency approximately 99.3%,and huge water flux about 9962.3 L·h^-1·m-2,which could be used to separate various organic solvents/water mixtures.Furthermore,the coated copper mesh showed favorable stability that the separation efficiency remained above 90%after 10 separation cycles.Benefiting from the excellent photocatalytic degradation ability of tungsten trioxide,the coated copper mesh possessed the self-cleaning capacity.Therefore,the mesh contaminated with lubricating oil could regain superhydrophobic property,and this property of self-cleaning permitted that the fabricated copper mesh could be repeatedly used for oil and water separation.
文摘Natural biomaterials are now frequently used to build biocarrier systems,which can carry medications and biomolecules to a target region and achieve a desired therapeutic effect.Biomaterials and polymers are of great importance in the synthesis of nanomaterials.The recent studies have tended to use these materials because they are easily obtained from natural sources such as fungi,algae,bacteria,and medicinal plants.They are also biodegradable,compatible with neighborhoods,and non-toxic.Natural biomaterials and polymers are chemically changed when they are linked by cross linking agents with other polymers to create scaffolds,matrices,composites,and interpenetrating polymer networks employing microtechnology and nanotechnology.This review highlights how microengineered and nanoengineered biomaterials are utilized to produce efficient drug-delivery systems and biomedical and biological therapies and how innovative sources of biomaterials have been identified.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51971121 and 52002228)the National Natural Science Foundation of China-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Science Research Centers(CN)(No.U2106216).
文摘To improve the corrosion resistance of key components and ensure the service safety of marine equipment,here we combined femtosecond(fs)laser fabrication and magnetron sputtering deposition to develop micro/nanostructured amorphous TiNbZr films.Analysis of the compositional,microstructural,corrosion,and mechanical properties was conducted.The results showed that the TiNbZr films were amorphous,and spherical TiNbZr nanoparticles uniformly covered the fs laser-induced periodic fringe structure.A complex hierarchical micro/nanostructure was formed that was hydrophobic and showed enhanced adhesion strength.The TiNbZr films deposited on fs laser-treated substrates provided the best corrosion resistance,showing a self-corrosion current density of 116 nA/cm^(2),excellent passive ability,and pitting resistance.The microscratch test revealed that the micro/nanostructures doubled the binding strength of the TiNbZr/316L interface due to the compositional and structural gradients induced by an approximately 20 nm transition layer formed during fs laser processing.This work provides a new method for obtaining anti-corrosion films with a high adhesion strength for marine applications.
基金This work was supported by Taishan Scholars Project Special Funds(tsqn201812083)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2019YQ20,2019JMRH0410,ZR2019BB001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51972147,51902132,52022037).
文摘Nanomaterials are known to exhibit a number of interesting physical and chemical properties for various applications,including energy conversion and storage,nanoscale electronics,sensors and actuators,photonics devices and even for biomedical purposes.In the past decade,laser as a synthetic technique and laser as a microfabrication technique facilitated nanomaterial preparation and nanostructure construction,including the laser processing-induced carbon and non-carbon nanomaterials,hierarchical structure construction,patterning,heteroatom doping,sputtering etching,and so on.The laser-induced nanomaterials and nanostructures have extended broad applications in electronic devices,such as light–thermal conversion,batteries,supercapacitors,sensor devices,actuators and electrocatalytic electrodes.Here,the recent developments in the laser synthesis of carbon-based and non-carbon-based nanomaterials are comprehensively summarized.An extensive overview on laser-enabled electronic devices for various applications is depicted.With the rapid progress made in the research on nanomaterial preparation through laser synthesis and laser microfabrication technologies,laser synthesis and microfabrication toward energy conversion and storage will undergo fast development.
基金the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(grant No.2016YFC1100300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.21773199,51571169).
文摘Surface structures and physicochemical properties critically influence osseointegration of titanium(Ti)implants.Previous studies have shown that the surface with both micro-and nanoscale roughness may provide multiple features comparable to cell dimensions and thus efficiently regulate cell-material interaction.However,less attention has been made to further optimize the physicochemical properties(e.g.,crystalline phase)and to further improve the bioactivity of micro/nanostructured surfaces.Herein,micro/nanostructured titania surfaces with different crystalline phases(amorphous,anatase and anatase/rutile)were prepared and hydroxyapatite(HA)nanorods were deposited onto the as-prepared surfaces by a spin-assisted layer-by-layer assembly method without greatly altering the initial multi-scale morphology and wettability.The effects of crystalline phase,chemical composition and wettability on osteoblast response were investigated.It is noted that all the micro/nanostructured surfaces with/without HA modification presented superamphiphilic.The activities of MC3T3-E1 cells suggested that the proliferation trend on the micro/nanostructured surfaces was greatly influenced by different crystalline phases,and the highest proliferation rate was obtained on the anatase/rutile surface,followed by the anatase;but the cell differentiation and extracellular matrix mineralization were almost the same among them.After ultrathin HA modification on the micro/nanostructured surfaces with different crystalline phases,it exhibited similar proliferation trend as the original surfaces;however,the cell differentiation and extracellular matrix mineralization were significantly improved.The results indicate that the introduction of ultrathin HA to the micro/nanostructured surfaces with optimized crystalline phase benefits cell proliferation,differentiation and maturation,which suggests a favorable biomimetic microenvironment and provides the potential for enhanced implant osseointegration in vivo.
文摘The microstructure and wear performance of M203-13% TiO2 coatings prepared by plasma spraying of agglom- erated nanoparticle powders were investigated. SEM analysis showed that the as-sprayed Al2O3-TiO2 coatings comprise of two kinds of typical region： fully melted region and unmelted/partially melted nanostructured region, which is different than the conventional coating with lamellar structure. It is shown that the microhardness of the nanostructured coatings was about 15%-30% higher than that of the conventional coating and the wear resistance is significantly improved, especially under a high wear load. The nanostructured coating sprayed at a lower power shows a lower wear resistance than the coatings produced at a higher power, because of the presence of pores and microstructural defects which are detrimental to the fracture toughness of the coatings.
基金Project supported by the National Defense Basic Scientific Research Program of China (K0504030206)
文摘Nanostructured yttria partially stabilized zirconia(YSZ) coatings were prepared by atmospheric plasma spraying(APS) using the conglomeration made by zirconia nanoparticle as the raw materials.The measurement methods,which consisted of scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and thermal cycling behavior,were used to character the morphology,composition and thermal oxidation behavior of the powder and the coatings.From the results,it was shown that the YSZ coating was the laminar structure,and the elements distribution in the bond and top coat were well-proportioned.The YSZ coatings were composed of fine grains with size ranging from 30 to 110 nm.The laminar layers with columnar grains were surrounded with unmelted parts of the nanostructured powder and some equiaxed grains.In the as-sprayed nanostructured zirconia coatings,there existed pores that were less than 1 μm.The cracks were observed on some of the crystal border.The cyclic oxidation experiment showed that the nanostructured coating had longer thermal cycling lifetime to exhibit the promising thermal cyclic oxidation resistance.The failure of the nanostructured TBC was similar to the failure of conventional APS TBC.
基金The authors would like to thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China（No.50375015） for its financial support.
文摘The friction and wear properties of plasma-sprayed nanostructured FeS coating were investigated on an MHK- 500 friction and wear tester under both oil lubrication and dry friction condition. The microstructure, worn surface morphology and phase composition of the coating were characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. It was found that the coating was mainly composed of FeS. a small quantity of Fe1-xS and oxide were also found. The coating was formed by small particles of 50～100 nm in size The thickness of the coating is approximately 150 μm. The friction-reduction and wear-resistance properties of plasma-sprayed nanostructured FeS coating were superior to that of GCr15 steel substrate. Especially under oil lubrication condition, the friction coefficient of nanostructured FeS coating was 50% of that of GCr15 steel, the wear scar widths of the coating were also reduced to nearly 50% of that of GCr15 steel under high load. The failure of the coating was mainly attributed to plastic deformation under both oil lubrication and dry friction condition.
基金supported by the National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China (No.2002AA302502)
文摘A bulk nanostructured Al-10.0Zn-2.8Mg-1.8Cu alloy was synthesized by cryomilling first and then by spark plasma sintering （SPS）, and the effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of this alloy were studied. Most MgZn2 particles with a coarse size lie on the grain boundaries of the SPS-processed sample. After solid solution and artificial aging, fine spherical-like MgZn2 particles precipitate uniformly in the grain interiors. No obvious grain growth is found after the heat treatment. A nanoindentation study indicates that no clear change is found in the Yong＇s modulus of the nanostructured alloy after the heat treatment. However, the hardness of the nanostructured alloy increases by about 33% after the heat treatment, which is attributed to the effect of precipitation-hardening.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT and Future Planning (MSIP) (2016R1E1A1A01943131)
文摘The intensive development of micro-/nanotechnologies offers a new route to construct sophisticated architectures of emerging soft electronics.Among the many classes of stretchable materials,micro-/nanostructured poly(dimethylsiloxane)(PDMS)has emerged as a vital building block based on its merits of flexibility,stretchability,simple processing,and,more importantly,high degrees of freedom of incorporation with other functional materials,including metals and semiconductors.The artificially designed geometries play important roles in achieving the desired mechanical and electrical performances of devices and thus show great potential for applications in the fields of stretchable displays,sensors and actuators as well as in health-monitoring device platforms.Meanwhile,novel lithographic methods to produce stretchable platforms with superb reliability have recently attracted research interest.The aim of this review is to comprehensively summarize the progress regarding micro-/nanostructured PDMS and their promising soft electronic applications.This review is concluded with a brief outlook and further research directions.
文摘The analytical electron microscopy has been used to characterize the morphology,structure and composition of the nanostructured material of Sn- Bi alloy prepared by a modified electrohydrodynamic technique. The electron diffraction pattern and the corresponding contrast image for the discrete particles with a diameter smaller than 4 nm have been obtained.It is shown that the nanocrystalline Sn-Bi alloy particles comprise a single crystal of Bi-containing β-Sn solid solution or of Sn-containing Bi solid solution. A direct preparation procedure of the samples during the electrohydrodynamic rapid solidification process has been developed for electron microscopic observation.
文摘In the Leidenfrost state, the liquid drop is levitated above a hot solid surface by a vapor layer generated via evaporation from the drop. The vapor layer thermally insulates the drop from the heating surface, causing deteriorated heat transfer in a myriad of important engineering applications. Thus, it is highly desirable to suppress the Leidenfrost effect and elevate the Leidenfrost temperature. This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent literature concerning the Leidenfrost drops on micro/nanostructured surfaces with an emphasis on the enhancement of the Leidenfrost temperature. The basic physical processes of the Leidenfrost effect and the key characteristics of the Leidenfrost drops were first intro- duced. Then, the major findings of the influence of various micro/nanoscale surface structures on the Leidenfrost temperature were presented in detail, and the underlying enhancement mechanism for each specific surface topology was also discussed. It was concluded that multiscale hierarchical surfaces hold the best promise to significantly boost the Leidenfrost temperature by combin- ing the advantages of both micro- and nanoscale structures.
基金This work was financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China （21576054）, the Scientific Project of Guangdong Province （2014A010106030, 2016A010104017,2016B020241003）, and the Foundation of Higher Education of Guangdong Province （201 SICFSCX027） of China.
文摘CeO2 is an important porous material with a wide range of applications in the abatement of volatile organic compounds （VOCs）. In this paper, we prepared a series of novel three-dimensional （3D） micro/nanostructured CeO2 materials via a solvothermal method. Organic acid-assisted synthesis and inorganic acid post-treatment were used to adjust the Ce02 microstructures. The size of the 3D micro/nanostructures could be controlled in the range from 180nm to 1.5 μm and the surface morphology changed from rough to smooth with the use of different organic acids. The CeO2 synthesized with acetic acid featured a hierarchical porosity and showed good performance for toluene catalytic combustion： a T50 of 187 ℃ and a T90 of 195 ℃. Moreover, the crystallite size, textural properties, and surface chemical states could be tuned by inorganic acid modification. After treatment with HNO3, the modified CeO2 materials exhibited improved catalytic activity, with a T50 of-175 ℃ and a T90 of -187 ℃. We concluded that the toluene combustion activity is related to the porosity and the amount of surface active oxygen of the CeO2. Both these features can be tuned by the co-work of organic and inorganic acids.
基金Project supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2016M590137)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21476246)+2 种基金the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.2016047)the KIST Institutional Program(Grant No.2E26291)Research Grants of NRF funded by the National Research Foundation under the Ministry of Science,ICT & Future,Korea(Grant No.NRF-2015H1D3A1036078)
文摘The research of superhydrophobic materials has attracted many researchers＇ attention due to its application value and prospects.In order to expand the serviceable range,people have investigated various superhydrophobic materials.The simple and easy preparation method has become the focus for superhydrophobic materials.In this paper,we present a program for preparing a rough surface on an aluminum foil,which possesses excellent hydrophobic properties after the treatment with low surface energy materials at high vacuum.The resulting contact angle is larger than 160° and the droplet cannot freeze on the surface above-10 ℃.Meanwhile,the modified aluminum foil with the thickness of less than 100 μm can be used as an ideal flexible applied material for superhydrophobicity/anti-icing.
基金The financial supports by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Nos.XDC04030300 and XDB0510303)CAS-HK Joint Laboratory of Nanomaterials and MechanicsShenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science are acknowledged.
文摘Rolling contact fatigue performance is among the most important issues for applications of bearing steels.In this work,a recently developed surface modification technique,surface mechanical rolling treatment,was applied on a rare-earth addition bearing steel.And rolling contact fatigue behavior of treated samples was compared with that of as-received counterparts at different contacting stresses.The results demonstrated that a 700μm-thick gradient nanostructured surface layer is produced on samples by surface mechanical rolling treatment.The grain size decreases while the microhardness increases gradually with decreasing depth,reaching~23 nm and~10.2 GPa,respectively,at the top surface.Consequently,the rolling contact fatigue property is significantly enhanced.The characteristic life of treated samples is~3.2 times that of untreated counterparts according to Weibull curves at 5.6 GPa.Analyses of fatigue mechanisms demonstrated that the gradient nanostructured surface layer might not only retard material degradation and microcrack formation,but also prolong the steady-state elastic response stage under rolling contact fatigue.
基金supported financially by the Office of Nuclear Energy of Department of Energy(No.#DE-NE0008264)。
文摘This work focuses on fundamental understanding of microstructure evolution of nanostructured ferritic alloy(NFA) and 25 vol.% Cr3C2 coated Si C(Cr3C2@Si C)-NFA composite during spark plasma sintering at950°C and the following thermal treatment at 1000°C. A unique bi-phase microstructure with distinct Cr-rich and Si-rich phases has been observed for the 25 vol.% Cr3C2@Si C-NFA composite, while for the NFA sample, the traditional large grain microstructure remains. Grain sizes are significantly smaller for the25 vol.% Cr3C2@Si C-NFA composite compared to those for the pure NFA, which can be attributed to the presence of grain boundary phases in the composite sample. During the thermal treatment, microstructure features can be directly correlated with the dissolution kinetics and phase diagrams calculated using Thermo-Calc/DICTRA/PRISMA~?.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant No.11974033)Xuqiang Liu acknowledges support from the National Postdoctoral Foundation Project of China under Grant No.GZC20230215+2 种基金the National Nature Science Foundation of China under Grants No.12404001The XRD measurements at room and high temperatures were performed at the 4W2 HPStation of the Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility(BSRF)and beamline 15U1 of the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)In situ high-pressure,low-temperature XRD measurements were conducted at sector 16 ID-B,HPCAT of the Advanced Photon Source,and were supported by DOE-NNSA under Award No.DE-NA0001974.
文摘High-pressure β-Sn germanium may transform into diverse metastable allotropes with distinctive nanostructures and unique physical properties via multiple pathways under decompression.However,the mechanism and transition kinetics remain poorly understood.Here,we investigate the formation of metastable phases and nanostructures in germanium via controllable transition pathways of β-Sn Ge under rapid decompression at different rates.High-resolution transmission electron microscopy reveals three distinct metastable phases with the distinctive nanostructures:an almost perfect st12 Ge crystal,nanosized bc8/r8 structures with amorphous boundaries,and amorphous Ge with nanosized clusters (0.8–2.5 nm).Fast in situ x-ray diffraction and x-ray absorption measurements indicate that these nanostructured products form in certain pressure regions via distinct kinetic pathways and are strongly correlated with nucleation rates and electronic transitions mediated by compression rate,temperature,and stress.This work provides deep insight into the controllable synthesis of metastable materials with unique crystal symmetries and nanostructures for potential applications.
