We studied the separation and recovery of copper(Ⅱ), nickel(Ⅱ), cobalt(Ⅱ), zinc(Ⅱ), and cadmium(Ⅱ) from magnesium and calcium, using synergistic solvent extraction(SSX) in a typical hydrometallurgical waste solut...We studied the separation and recovery of copper(Ⅱ), nickel(Ⅱ), cobalt(Ⅱ), zinc(Ⅱ), and cadmium(Ⅱ) from magnesium and calcium, using synergistic solvent extraction(SSX) in a typical hydrometallurgical waste solution. A mixture of Versatic 10 acid and Mextral 984 H, diluted with Mextral DT100, was used to obtain fundamental data on p H and distribution isotherms, as well as the kinetics of extraction and stripping. We also investigated the main effects and interactions of common solvent extraction factors: the extraction p H at equilibrium, the temperature, and the extractant concentration. The synergistic effect for extracting metals was confirmed. The results showed that the addition of Mextral 984 H enhanced the separation factors of copper, nickel, cobalt,zinc, and cadmium over magnesium and calcium. Compared with Versatic 10 acid alone, for a mixture of0.5 mol·L^(-1) Versatic 10 acid/0.5 mol·L^(-1)Mextral 984 H, Δp H50 values of copper, nickel, cobalt, zinc, and cadmium were found to be N 2.0, 3.30, 2.85, 0.95, and 1.32 p H units, respectively. The Δp H_(50)(Zn–Mg)and Δp H_(50)(Zn–Ca)values were 3.27 and 2.25, respectively, indicating easy separation and recovery of copper, nickel, zinc, cobalt,and cadmium. The extraction and stripping of copper, cobalt, zinc, and cadmium were fast, with 90% of the metal transferred in 2 min. We next studied whether the metals could be stripped from the extracted liquid selectively in sequence, by using sulfuric acid at different concentrations. The influence of the molecular structure of the oxime and carboxylic acid components upon the synergistic effects was identified by numerical analysis.Excellent separation of copper, nickel, cobalt, and zinc over magnesium and calcium was achieved with this synergistic solvent extraction system.展开更多
Synergistic extraction has been proven to enhance extractability and selectivity for the separation of cadmium and zinc from magnesium and calcium in the sulfuric acid medium with Mextral V10 and Mextral 622H(aromatic...Synergistic extraction has been proven to enhance extractability and selectivity for the separation of cadmium and zinc from magnesium and calcium in the sulfuric acid medium with Mextral V10 and Mextral 622H(aromatic hydroxamic)mixtures diluted in DT100.Mixtures of Mextral V10 and 622H are highly selective for Zn and Cd over Mg and Ca compared with the single Mextral V10,resulting in larger synergistic shifts for zinc and cadmium with theΔpH_(50(Zn–Ca))values increasing substantially from0.83 to 1.73 pH units andΔpH_(50(Cd–Ca))values increasing from 0.63 to 2.13 p H units.The aqueous to organic ratio(A/O ratio),the saponification ratio of Mextral V10 and extracting agent concentration were studied on the effect of metal ions extraction,which helped to increase the organic capacity of metal extraction.The Mc Cabe-Thiele plot for Cd and Zn extraction with 5%(volume fraction)Mextral V10 and 5%Mextral 622H extractants mixture indicate the necessity of only one theoretical stages at an A/O ratio of 1.5:1.One stage extraction simulation test conducted at pH 6.50 shows that Cd and Zn reach the extraction of 99.6%and 97.9%,respectively,and only low levels of magnesium and calcium are extracted in the organic phase.The extracted Zn^(2+)or Cd^(2+)-organic species are Zn(A_1)(A_2)or Cd(A_1)(A_2)with the mixture system by slope analysis.展开更多
A simple comparative study of synergistic extraction of zinc from ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride systems with mixtures of Mextral54-100 and tri-nalkylphosphine oxide(TRPO) dissolved in n-heptane was described....A simple comparative study of synergistic extraction of zinc from ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride systems with mixtures of Mextral54-100 and tri-nalkylphosphine oxide(TRPO) dissolved in n-heptane was described. Various parameters affecting the extraction process were investigated. Experimental results show that extraction from ammonium sulfate is better than that from ammonium chloride under the same conditions owing to the additional complexation between zinc and chloride ions. Total ammonium concentration and pH have a significant effect on zinc extraction efficiency because of the formation of zinc ammine complexes. The synergistic effect is explained by the formation of adduct between zinc chelates and trialkylphosphine oxide. The thermodynamic data show that the extraction reaction is exothermic and stripping is endothermic. Infrared(IR) spectra of the zincloaded organic phases were also examined.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment(2010ZX07212-006)the International S&T Cooperation Program“Research of a New Combined Technology Based on Membrane Distillation Synergistic Extraction for Heavy Metal Waste Water Treatment”(2014DFA90920)
文摘We studied the separation and recovery of copper(Ⅱ), nickel(Ⅱ), cobalt(Ⅱ), zinc(Ⅱ), and cadmium(Ⅱ) from magnesium and calcium, using synergistic solvent extraction(SSX) in a typical hydrometallurgical waste solution. A mixture of Versatic 10 acid and Mextral 984 H, diluted with Mextral DT100, was used to obtain fundamental data on p H and distribution isotherms, as well as the kinetics of extraction and stripping. We also investigated the main effects and interactions of common solvent extraction factors: the extraction p H at equilibrium, the temperature, and the extractant concentration. The synergistic effect for extracting metals was confirmed. The results showed that the addition of Mextral 984 H enhanced the separation factors of copper, nickel, cobalt,zinc, and cadmium over magnesium and calcium. Compared with Versatic 10 acid alone, for a mixture of0.5 mol·L^(-1) Versatic 10 acid/0.5 mol·L^(-1)Mextral 984 H, Δp H50 values of copper, nickel, cobalt, zinc, and cadmium were found to be N 2.0, 3.30, 2.85, 0.95, and 1.32 p H units, respectively. The Δp H_(50)(Zn–Mg)and Δp H_(50)(Zn–Ca)values were 3.27 and 2.25, respectively, indicating easy separation and recovery of copper, nickel, zinc, cobalt,and cadmium. The extraction and stripping of copper, cobalt, zinc, and cadmium were fast, with 90% of the metal transferred in 2 min. We next studied whether the metals could be stripped from the extracted liquid selectively in sequence, by using sulfuric acid at different concentrations. The influence of the molecular structure of the oxime and carboxylic acid components upon the synergistic effects was identified by numerical analysis.Excellent separation of copper, nickel, cobalt, and zinc over magnesium and calcium was achieved with this synergistic solvent extraction system.
基金Projects(20151BBG70009,20151BBE50115)supported by Jiangxi Science and Technology Projects,ChinaProjects(2014-YYB-06,2014-YYB-11)supported by Scientific Research and Development Project of Jiangxi Academy of Sciences,China
文摘Synergistic extraction has been proven to enhance extractability and selectivity for the separation of cadmium and zinc from magnesium and calcium in the sulfuric acid medium with Mextral V10 and Mextral 622H(aromatic hydroxamic)mixtures diluted in DT100.Mixtures of Mextral V10 and 622H are highly selective for Zn and Cd over Mg and Ca compared with the single Mextral V10,resulting in larger synergistic shifts for zinc and cadmium with theΔpH_(50(Zn–Ca))values increasing substantially from0.83 to 1.73 pH units andΔpH_(50(Cd–Ca))values increasing from 0.63 to 2.13 p H units.The aqueous to organic ratio(A/O ratio),the saponification ratio of Mextral V10 and extracting agent concentration were studied on the effect of metal ions extraction,which helped to increase the organic capacity of metal extraction.The Mc Cabe-Thiele plot for Cd and Zn extraction with 5%(volume fraction)Mextral V10 and 5%Mextral 622H extractants mixture indicate the necessity of only one theoretical stages at an A/O ratio of 1.5:1.One stage extraction simulation test conducted at pH 6.50 shows that Cd and Zn reach the extraction of 99.6%and 97.9%,respectively,and only low levels of magnesium and calcium are extracted in the organic phase.The extracted Zn^(2+)or Cd^(2+)-organic species are Zn(A_1)(A_2)or Cd(A_1)(A_2)with the mixture system by slope analysis.
基金financially supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2014CB643404)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51174104, 51304093, and 51364022)
文摘A simple comparative study of synergistic extraction of zinc from ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride systems with mixtures of Mextral54-100 and tri-nalkylphosphine oxide(TRPO) dissolved in n-heptane was described. Various parameters affecting the extraction process were investigated. Experimental results show that extraction from ammonium sulfate is better than that from ammonium chloride under the same conditions owing to the additional complexation between zinc and chloride ions. Total ammonium concentration and pH have a significant effect on zinc extraction efficiency because of the formation of zinc ammine complexes. The synergistic effect is explained by the formation of adduct between zinc chelates and trialkylphosphine oxide. The thermodynamic data show that the extraction reaction is exothermic and stripping is endothermic. Infrared(IR) spectra of the zincloaded organic phases were also examined.
