This study explores the current implementation challenges of the Policy Environmental Assessment(PEA),including the implementation of a far richer,more diverse(at macro level),and better understanding of PEA and integ...This study explores the current implementation challenges of the Policy Environmental Assessment(PEA),including the implementation of a far richer,more diverse(at macro level),and better understanding of PEA and integration with decision making.The results contribute to the analysis of PEA through different hierarchies of assessment.Stemming from the theory and practice of policy,a concept of PEA hierarchies is proposed including the uppermost PEA,upper-lower PEA,and lowermost PEA.Afterward,the differences of the three hierarchies are interpreted,in terms of aims,principles,processes,and methods.The evaluation of the policy environmental impacts from different lens helps solve the complexities of policies and identify opportunities for improvement of PEA.展开更多
Objectives:Electronic health records(EHRs)offer valuable real-world data(RWD)for Chinese medicine research.However,significant methodological challenges remain in developing integrative Chinese-Western medicine(ICWM)d...Objectives:Electronic health records(EHRs)offer valuable real-world data(RWD)for Chinese medicine research.However,significant methodological challenges remain in developing integrative Chinese-Western medicine(ICWM)databases.This study aims to establish a best-practice methodological framework,referred to as BRIDGE,to guide the construction of ICWM databases using EHRs.Methods:We developed the methodological framework through a comprehensive process,including systematic literature review,synthesis of empirical experiences,thematic expert discussions,and consultation with an external panel to reach consensus.Results:The BRIDGE framework outlines 6 core components for ICWM-EHR database development:Overall design,database architecture,data extraction and linkage,data governance,data verification,and data quality evaluation.Key data elements include variables related to study population,treatment or exposure,outcomes,and confounders.These databases support various research applications,particularly in evaluating the effectiveness and safety of integrative therapies.To demonstrate its practical value,we developed an ICWM-EHR database on women’s reproductive lifespan,encompassing 2,064,482 patients.This database captures women’s health conditions across the life course,from reproductive age to older adulthood.Conclusions:The BRIDGE methodological framework provides a standardized approach to building high-quality ICWM-EHR databases.It offers a unique opportunity to strengthen the methodological rigor and real-world relevance of Chinese medicine research in integrated healthcare settings.展开更多
The dual-path model of industrial evolution and spatial progression has been widely acknowledged and incorporated into the strategic planning to promote the development of urban industries and regional collaborations....The dual-path model of industrial evolution and spatial progression has been widely acknowledged and incorporated into the strategic planning to promote the development of urban industries and regional collaborations.However,current research on inter-enter-prise city networks mainly focuses on the single sector of flows on all enterprise branches,such as product value chains and production factors,but neglects that of particular industry department.Built upon the new economic geography and city networks theory,this paper develops a methodological framework that focuses on the analysis of city network evolution characteristics of smart industry.Particu-larly,a conceptual model of smart industry enterprise-industry-city is proposed and then applied to a case study of smart industry in the Yangtze River Delta Region,China.Using enterprise supplier-customer data,a city network of smart industry is constructed and sub-sequently analyzed with the proposed model.Findings indicate that the smart industry network in Yangtze River Delta Region exhibits a hierarchical structure and the expansion of the network presents a small-world network characteristic.The study not only makes a meth-odological contribution for revealing the industrial and spatial evolution path of the current smart industry,but also provides empirical support for the formulation of new economic development policies focused on smart industries,demonstrating the role of city clusters as carriers of regional synergistic development.展开更多
Objective and Impact Statement:This study aims to couple C-reactive protein(CRP)antibodies onto latex spheres of 2 different sizes to enhance the accuracy and sensitivity of CRP detection.Furthermore,it seeks to estab...Objective and Impact Statement:This study aims to couple C-reactive protein(CRP)antibodies onto latex spheres of 2 different sizes to enhance the accuracy and sensitivity of CRP detection.Furthermore,it seeks to establish a robust methodological framework crucial for advancing the development of latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetric detection reagents.Introduction:CRP,an acute-phase protein,rapidly elevates in response to infections or tissue damage.Double-particle latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetry offers important advantages for accurately measuring CRP levels.Methods:CRP antibodies were coupled with 2 sizes of polystyrene latex spheres.Coupling rates were evaluated to determine optimal conditions.Particle sizes suitable for CRP detection,as well as coupling and mixing ratios,were optimized using automated biochemical analysis.Transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle size analysis were employed to characterize the morphology and size changes of CRP antibodies and coupled latex spheres before and after immune reaction.Results:Optimization identified 168-and 80-nm latex sphere sizes,with CRP antibody coupling rates of 92%and 91%,respectively.The optimal ratios were 10:1.5 for large latex spheres to polyclonal antibodies and 5:1.5 for small latex spheres to monoclonal antibodies.A 1:8 mixing ratio of large to small latex spheres was effective.Transmission electron microscopy confirmed uniform sizes postcoupling,maintaining dispersion with no morphological changes.CRP reacted with the double-particle latex reagent,forming immune complexes that exhibited agglutination.Mixed latex spheres showed varied agglutination states with CRP concentration,altering solution absorbance.Conclusion:This study validates the efficacy of the dual-particle-size CRP antibody latex reagent,highlighting its potential for future immunoturbidimetric analysis applications.展开更多
The paper is devoted to the new sphere of applied process ontology. It first makes a short review of the recent investigations in that area. Then it stresses on the importance of applied process ontology. Next the mai...The paper is devoted to the new sphere of applied process ontology. It first makes a short review of the recent investigations in that area. Then it stresses on the importance of applied process ontology. Next the main methodological approaches of applied process ontology are considered： the ＂top down＂ and ＂bottom up＂ approaches. It is argued about the necessity and fruitfulness to combine both ＂top down＂ and ＂bottom up＂ approaches, and not to rely on one of them only. An example is given of the important role of process ontology as general methodological framework for the building up of regional formal ontology. Finally, the idea of variable ontological categories is stressed on and argued for its fruitfulness.展开更多
Computational communication delves into the analysis of digital data,social media interactions,and algorithms that shape communication processes,yet few studies focus on the framework and internal structure of the met...Computational communication delves into the analysis of digital data,social media interactions,and algorithms that shape communication processes,yet few studies focus on the framework and internal structure of the methodological framework related to adaptive topics.This study employs text mining techniques to analyze 9795 publications from international scientific citation databases,and outlines a classification framework to describe the methods used in empirical research.The framework highlights traditional quantitative methods and new computational methods.The former conduct statistical analysis on medium-sized and structured samples,while the latter provides microscopic outlooks with extensive data analysis.Experimental results show the thematic distribution,evolution phases,and subject boundaries of the method categories.This study expands the scope of social computing methodology and provides a wealth of empirical insights.展开更多
Chemical safety assessment requires the inclusion of information on potential transformation products.Such information is often lacking for chemicals considered as alternatives making a comprehensive safety assessment...Chemical safety assessment requires the inclusion of information on potential transformation products.Such information is often lacking for chemicals considered as alternatives making a comprehensive safety assessment for chemical substitution challenging.To address this challenge a methodological framework for investigating the environmental transformation of alternative chemicals is presented.The developed methodology involves the combined use of in silico tools,biodegradation testing and suspect screening analysis for the prediction and identification of environmental transformation pathways and products.The proposed framework was applied on three emerging alternative plasticizers to phthalate esters(i.e.,DINCH,DEHA and ATBC)under which major first-,second-and third-step transformation products predicted in silico were also successfully identified experimentally.This allowed for a preliminary evaluation of the performance of in silico tools in terms of the predicted transformation pathways and their likelihood of occurrence.At the same time the fast chemical degradation method showed good potential in identifying the key transformation products.The proposed framework can be used to support safety assessments for chemical substitution.Further application of the developed methodology on different chemical groups along with proper optimization of the individual method components is recommended to showcase its efficacy over a larger application area.展开更多
Life cycle assessment(LCA)is a widely used tool for environmental decision-making;however,it still has theoretical and practical limitations.Through a comprehensive review of traditional LCA development and case studi...Life cycle assessment(LCA)is a widely used tool for environmental decision-making;however,it still has theoretical and practical limitations.Through a comprehensive review of traditional LCA development and case studies,this study examines the overall trajectory of the evolution of the LCA methodological framework.It specifically addresses perspectives on typical LCA methods,dynamic LCA methods,expanding LCA into multidimensional assessment,simplifying the methodological framework,and integrating with other methods.Furthermore,it delves into improvements and optimizations of the methodological framework alongside their distinct characteristics.Drawing on insights from current analyses and the evolutionary path of the LCA methodological framework,this study outlines future research directions for LCA.It aims to serve as a reference for scholars in this field,thereby fostering further methodological enhancements and broadening the scope of LCA applications.展开更多
Sustainable Livelihood Security(SLS)remains a rarely considered yet important issue for rural sustainability and natural resource management.Particularly in China,rural SLS research in a typical area is urgently neede...Sustainable Livelihood Security(SLS)remains a rarely considered yet important issue for rural sustainability and natural resource management.Particularly in China,rural SLS research in a typical area is urgently needed,but insufficient under the background of National Rural Revitalization and Ten-year Fishing Ban of Yangtze River.Focusing on the policy-targeted inland lake area,we proposed a Livelihood Security Analysis(LSA)framework by establishing an adaptive indicator system and integrating multiple econometrical and geographical methods.This study aims to evaluate the SLS in Poyang Lake Eco-economic Zone comprehensively from the three aspects of ecology,economy and society,analyze their spatial patterns,identify the main constraints,and finally give specific suggestions for improving rural sustainability management.The results showed that rural SLS in the inland great lake area tended to be vulnerable mainly due to the lagging economic efficiency and unbalanced social equality,and mediated by regional ecological characteristics.The overall SLS and Ecological Security Index(ESI)were higher in the north and lower in the south,while Economic Efficiency Index(EEI)and Social Equality Index(SEI)were at the middle level and circularly distributed around Nanchang City.The dominating factors which have greatly shaped the spatial pattern of SLS include rural per capita electricity consumption,fishery breeding area,population dependency ratio,urbanization rate,and fishery population.The obstacle degree is ranked as economic system>social system>ecological system.An outdated economy and incomplete social services are the main constraints,characterized by weak electricity consumption,limited beds in hospitals,low urbanization rate,deficient agricultural machinery power,and a small agricultural output value.Therefore,one urgent need is to activate the rural economy by reinforcing rural electric power facilities and promoting agricultural mechanization.In addition,transforming the peasants/fishermen to the non-agricultural sector should be accelerated,which will help to reduce ecological pressure,boost urban-rural integration and narrow the income gap.展开更多
基金the National Funds of China for Natural Science(Grant No.40971305).
文摘This study explores the current implementation challenges of the Policy Environmental Assessment(PEA),including the implementation of a far richer,more diverse(at macro level),and better understanding of PEA and integration with decision making.The results contribute to the analysis of PEA through different hierarchies of assessment.Stemming from the theory and practice of policy,a concept of PEA hierarchies is proposed including the uppermost PEA,upper-lower PEA,and lowermost PEA.Afterward,the differences of the three hierarchies are interpreted,in terms of aims,principles,processes,and methods.The evaluation of the policy environmental impacts from different lens helps solve the complexities of policies and identify opportunities for improvement of PEA.
基金supported by the National Key Research&Development Program of China(No.2024YFC3505800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82474334,82474335 and 72174132)+3 种基金National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.82225049)the Key Research&Development Projects of Sichuan Provincial Department of Science and Technology(Nos.2024YFFK0174 and 2024YFFK0152)1.3.5 Project for Disciplines of Excellence,West China Hospital,Sichuan University(Nos.ZYYC24010 and ZYGD23004)the Special Fund for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Sichuan Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.2024zd023).
文摘Objectives:Electronic health records(EHRs)offer valuable real-world data(RWD)for Chinese medicine research.However,significant methodological challenges remain in developing integrative Chinese-Western medicine(ICWM)databases.This study aims to establish a best-practice methodological framework,referred to as BRIDGE,to guide the construction of ICWM databases using EHRs.Methods:We developed the methodological framework through a comprehensive process,including systematic literature review,synthesis of empirical experiences,thematic expert discussions,and consultation with an external panel to reach consensus.Results:The BRIDGE framework outlines 6 core components for ICWM-EHR database development:Overall design,database architecture,data extraction and linkage,data governance,data verification,and data quality evaluation.Key data elements include variables related to study population,treatment or exposure,outcomes,and confounders.These databases support various research applications,particularly in evaluating the effectiveness and safety of integrative therapies.To demonstrate its practical value,we developed an ICWM-EHR database on women’s reproductive lifespan,encompassing 2,064,482 patients.This database captures women’s health conditions across the life course,from reproductive age to older adulthood.Conclusions:The BRIDGE methodological framework provides a standardized approach to building high-quality ICWM-EHR databases.It offers a unique opportunity to strengthen the methodological rigor and real-world relevance of Chinese medicine research in integrated healthcare settings.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42330510,41871160)。
文摘The dual-path model of industrial evolution and spatial progression has been widely acknowledged and incorporated into the strategic planning to promote the development of urban industries and regional collaborations.However,current research on inter-enter-prise city networks mainly focuses on the single sector of flows on all enterprise branches,such as product value chains and production factors,but neglects that of particular industry department.Built upon the new economic geography and city networks theory,this paper develops a methodological framework that focuses on the analysis of city network evolution characteristics of smart industry.Particu-larly,a conceptual model of smart industry enterprise-industry-city is proposed and then applied to a case study of smart industry in the Yangtze River Delta Region,China.Using enterprise supplier-customer data,a city network of smart industry is constructed and sub-sequently analyzed with the proposed model.Findings indicate that the smart industry network in Yangtze River Delta Region exhibits a hierarchical structure and the expansion of the network presents a small-world network characteristic.The study not only makes a meth-odological contribution for revealing the industrial and spatial evolution path of the current smart industry,but also provides empirical support for the formulation of new economic development policies focused on smart industries,demonstrating the role of city clusters as carriers of regional synergistic development.
基金supported in part by the Jilin Science and Technology Development Program(no.20220401085YY to Jiancheng Xu).
文摘Objective and Impact Statement:This study aims to couple C-reactive protein(CRP)antibodies onto latex spheres of 2 different sizes to enhance the accuracy and sensitivity of CRP detection.Furthermore,it seeks to establish a robust methodological framework crucial for advancing the development of latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetric detection reagents.Introduction:CRP,an acute-phase protein,rapidly elevates in response to infections or tissue damage.Double-particle latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetry offers important advantages for accurately measuring CRP levels.Methods:CRP antibodies were coupled with 2 sizes of polystyrene latex spheres.Coupling rates were evaluated to determine optimal conditions.Particle sizes suitable for CRP detection,as well as coupling and mixing ratios,were optimized using automated biochemical analysis.Transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle size analysis were employed to characterize the morphology and size changes of CRP antibodies and coupled latex spheres before and after immune reaction.Results:Optimization identified 168-and 80-nm latex sphere sizes,with CRP antibody coupling rates of 92%and 91%,respectively.The optimal ratios were 10:1.5 for large latex spheres to polyclonal antibodies and 5:1.5 for small latex spheres to monoclonal antibodies.A 1:8 mixing ratio of large to small latex spheres was effective.Transmission electron microscopy confirmed uniform sizes postcoupling,maintaining dispersion with no morphological changes.CRP reacted with the double-particle latex reagent,forming immune complexes that exhibited agglutination.Mixed latex spheres showed varied agglutination states with CRP concentration,altering solution absorbance.Conclusion:This study validates the efficacy of the dual-particle-size CRP antibody latex reagent,highlighting its potential for future immunoturbidimetric analysis applications.
文摘The paper is devoted to the new sphere of applied process ontology. It first makes a short review of the recent investigations in that area. Then it stresses on the importance of applied process ontology. Next the main methodological approaches of applied process ontology are considered： the ＂top down＂ and ＂bottom up＂ approaches. It is argued about the necessity and fruitfulness to combine both ＂top down＂ and ＂bottom up＂ approaches, and not to rely on one of them only. An example is given of the important role of process ontology as general methodological framework for the building up of regional formal ontology. Finally, the idea of variable ontological categories is stressed on and argued for its fruitfulness.
基金supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China(No.23&ZD215)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62206112)Key Laboratory of Smart Education of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes,Jinan University(No.2022LSYS003).
文摘Computational communication delves into the analysis of digital data,social media interactions,and algorithms that shape communication processes,yet few studies focus on the framework and internal structure of the methodological framework related to adaptive topics.This study employs text mining techniques to analyze 9795 publications from international scientific citation databases,and outlines a classification framework to describe the methods used in empirical research.The framework highlights traditional quantitative methods and new computational methods.The former conduct statistical analysis on medium-sized and structured samples,while the latter provides microscopic outlooks with extensive data analysis.Experimental results show the thematic distribution,evolution phases,and subject boundaries of the method categories.This study expands the scope of social computing methodology and provides a wealth of empirical insights.
基金supported by the‘Safe and Efficient Chemistry by Design(SafeChem)’project funded by the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Environmental Research,MISTRA(grant no.DIA 2018/11).
文摘Chemical safety assessment requires the inclusion of information on potential transformation products.Such information is often lacking for chemicals considered as alternatives making a comprehensive safety assessment for chemical substitution challenging.To address this challenge a methodological framework for investigating the environmental transformation of alternative chemicals is presented.The developed methodology involves the combined use of in silico tools,biodegradation testing and suspect screening analysis for the prediction and identification of environmental transformation pathways and products.The proposed framework was applied on three emerging alternative plasticizers to phthalate esters(i.e.,DINCH,DEHA and ATBC)under which major first-,second-and third-step transformation products predicted in silico were also successfully identified experimentally.This allowed for a preliminary evaluation of the performance of in silico tools in terms of the predicted transformation pathways and their likelihood of occurrence.At the same time the fast chemical degradation method showed good potential in identifying the key transformation products.The proposed framework can be used to support safety assessments for chemical substitution.Further application of the developed methodology on different chemical groups along with proper optimization of the individual method components is recommended to showcase its efficacy over a larger application area.
基金supported by the General Projects of the Strategic Research and Consulting Programs Department of the Chinese Academy of Engineering(2023-XY-20)Regional Cooperation Program of Chinese Academy of Engineering(2022SX4)+2 种基金Major Consulting Research Projects of Shandong Institute of Engineering Science and Technology Development Strategy,Chinese Academy of Engineering(202301SDZD01)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(grant number ZR2023QD165)the Qingdao Postdoctoral Program(grant number QDBSH20220202054).
文摘Life cycle assessment(LCA)is a widely used tool for environmental decision-making;however,it still has theoretical and practical limitations.Through a comprehensive review of traditional LCA development and case studies,this study examines the overall trajectory of the evolution of the LCA methodological framework.It specifically addresses perspectives on typical LCA methods,dynamic LCA methods,expanding LCA into multidimensional assessment,simplifying the methodological framework,and integrating with other methods.Furthermore,it delves into improvements and optimizations of the methodological framework alongside their distinct characteristics.Drawing on insights from current analyses and the evolutionary path of the LCA methodological framework,this study outlines future research directions for LCA.It aims to serve as a reference for scholars in this field,thereby fostering further methodological enhancements and broadening the scope of LCA applications.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(41861036)The China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2018M630738)+5 种基金The NaturalScience Foundation of Jiangxi Province(20192BAB213023)The Young Doctor Fund of Jiangxi Social Science Plan(17BJ38)The Humanitiesand Social Sciences Research Project of Jiangxi Universities(GL18238)The Postdoctoral Daily Fund of Jiangxi Province in 2018(2018RC29)The Jiangxi Provincial Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019KY11)The Science and Technology Project of Education Department of Jiangxi Province(GJJ200504).
文摘Sustainable Livelihood Security(SLS)remains a rarely considered yet important issue for rural sustainability and natural resource management.Particularly in China,rural SLS research in a typical area is urgently needed,but insufficient under the background of National Rural Revitalization and Ten-year Fishing Ban of Yangtze River.Focusing on the policy-targeted inland lake area,we proposed a Livelihood Security Analysis(LSA)framework by establishing an adaptive indicator system and integrating multiple econometrical and geographical methods.This study aims to evaluate the SLS in Poyang Lake Eco-economic Zone comprehensively from the three aspects of ecology,economy and society,analyze their spatial patterns,identify the main constraints,and finally give specific suggestions for improving rural sustainability management.The results showed that rural SLS in the inland great lake area tended to be vulnerable mainly due to the lagging economic efficiency and unbalanced social equality,and mediated by regional ecological characteristics.The overall SLS and Ecological Security Index(ESI)were higher in the north and lower in the south,while Economic Efficiency Index(EEI)and Social Equality Index(SEI)were at the middle level and circularly distributed around Nanchang City.The dominating factors which have greatly shaped the spatial pattern of SLS include rural per capita electricity consumption,fishery breeding area,population dependency ratio,urbanization rate,and fishery population.The obstacle degree is ranked as economic system>social system>ecological system.An outdated economy and incomplete social services are the main constraints,characterized by weak electricity consumption,limited beds in hospitals,low urbanization rate,deficient agricultural machinery power,and a small agricultural output value.Therefore,one urgent need is to activate the rural economy by reinforcing rural electric power facilities and promoting agricultural mechanization.In addition,transforming the peasants/fishermen to the non-agricultural sector should be accelerated,which will help to reduce ecological pressure,boost urban-rural integration and narrow the income gap.
