A new type of calixarenes containing amino acid ester derivatives has been synthesized. Their 1H NMR characteristics are discussed. Metal ion extraction experiment has shown that calixarene amino acid esters (2a...A new type of calixarenes containing amino acid ester derivatives has been synthesized. Their 1H NMR characteristics are discussed. Metal ion extraction experiment has shown that calixarene amino acid esters (2a, 2b) possess good extraction efficiency for transition metal ions (Cu 2+ , Ni 2+ , Zn 2+ ) and poor extraction efficiency for alkali metal ions (Na +, K +).展开更多
In recent years,with the rapid developme nt of the econo my and society,pollution of valuable metal ions in wastewater has become a major challenge to environmental sustainability.In order to solve the pollution cause...In recent years,with the rapid developme nt of the econo my and society,pollution of valuable metal ions in wastewater has become a major challenge to environmental sustainability.In order to solve the pollution caused by metal ions,researchers have conducted continuous re searches and explored various re mediation methods.Crown ether has attracted great attention because of its ionic radius and cavity size matching well with metal ions,which makes it have the ability to selectively complex metal ions.This unique property enables the directed removal and recovery of metal ions and makes crown ethers increasingly popular in extraction and separation processes.In this paper,the research progress of crown ethers in the extraction and separation of valuable metal ions was reviewed,with emphasis on the principles,extraction systems and the key factors affecting the extraction process.This study can provide some technical support for the application of separation and extraction of valuable metal ions by crown ether.展开更多
A series of glucose derivatives have been used as chelating reagents to extract metal ions in supercritical carbon dioxide. With perfluoro-l-octanesulfonic acid tetraethylammonium salt as additive, glucose derivatives...A series of glucose derivatives have been used as chelating reagents to extract metal ions in supercritical carbon dioxide. With perfluoro-l-octanesulfonic acid tetraethylammonium salt as additive, glucose derivatives were selective for Sr^2＋ and Pb^2＋ extraction in supercritical carbon dioxide.展开更多
A 1-dodecanethiol-based phase-transfer protocol is developed for the extraction of noble metal ions from aqueous solution to a hydrocarbon phase, which calls for first mixing the aqueous metal ion solution with an eth...A 1-dodecanethiol-based phase-transfer protocol is developed for the extraction of noble metal ions from aqueous solution to a hydrocarbon phase, which calls for first mixing the aqueous metal ion solution with an ethanolic solution of 1-dodecanethiol, and then extracting the coordination compounds formed between noble metal ions and 1-dodecanethiol into a non-polar organic solvent. A number of characterization techniques, including inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis demonstrate that this protocol could be applied to extract a wide variety of noble metal ions from water to dichlorometh- ane with an efficiency of 〉96%, and has high selectivity for the separation of the noble metal ions from other transition metals. It is therefore an attractive alternative for the extraction of noble metals from water, soil, or waste printed circuit boards.展开更多
Electrochemical insertion/extraction of Li on cathode materials of spinel type LiMn2O4 and ordered rock-salt type LiCo0.5 Ni0.5O2 was measured on samples of which structures were well characterized. On the basis of ex...Electrochemical insertion/extraction of Li on cathode materials of spinel type LiMn2O4 and ordered rock-salt type LiCo0.5 Ni0.5O2 was measured on samples of which structures were well characterized. On the basis of experimental results on structure, morphology and charge-discharge characteristics, the effect of crystallinity of the cathode materiaIs on electrochemical Li insertion/extraction performance was discussed. These two transition metal oxides belong to onegroup that the crystallinity of these oxides affects to the performance.展开更多
Electrochemical insertion/extraction of Li on cathode materials of anatase type TiO_2, quasilayered structure V_2O_5 and layered structure MoO_3 was measured on samples of which structures were well characterized and...Electrochemical insertion/extraction of Li on cathode materials of anatase type TiO_2, quasilayered structure V_2O_5 and layered structure MoO_3 was measured on samples of which structures were well characterized and showed a wide range of crystallinity. On the basis of experimental results on structure, morphology and charge-discharge characteristics, the effect of crystallinity of the cathode materials on electrochemical Li insertion/extraction pedermance was discussed. These three transition metal oxides were classified as one group on the basis of whether the crystallinity of these oxides affects to the performance or not; LiMn_2O_4 and LiCo_(0.5)O_2 belongs to the former group and TiO_2, V_2O_5 and MoO_3 to the latter.展开更多
The rapid growth of lithium ion batteries （LIBs） for portable electronic devices and electric vehicles has resulted in an increased number of spent LIBs. Spent LIBs contain not only dangerous heavy metals but also t...The rapid growth of lithium ion batteries （LIBs） for portable electronic devices and electric vehicles has resulted in an increased number of spent LIBs. Spent LIBs contain not only dangerous heavy metals but also toxic chemicals that pose a serious threat to ecosystems and human health. Therefore, a great deal of attention has been paid to the development of an efficient process to recycle spent LIBs for both economic aspects and environmental protection. In this paper, we review the state-of-the-art processes for metal recycling from spent LIBs, introduce the structure of a LIB, and summarize all available technologies that are used in different recovery processes. It is notable that metal extraction and pretreatment play impor- tant roles in the whole recovery process, based on one or more of the principles of pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, biometallurgy, and so forth. By further comparing different recycling methods, existing challenges are identified and suggestions for improving the recycling effectiveness can be proposed.展开更多
Nine elements （As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn） in sediment samples at 7 sites （Site 1-7） from Suzhou Creek in Shanghai were analyzed with the Community Bareau of Reference （BCR） （sequential extraction （SE...Nine elements （As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn） in sediment samples at 7 sites （Site 1-7） from Suzhou Creek in Shanghai were analyzed with the Community Bareau of Reference （BCR） （sequential extraction （SE）） protocol and simultaneously extracted metals （SEM）/acid volatile sulfide （AVS） procedure to assess the metal bioavailability and toxicology in this area. The results showed that the BCR extraction can be utilized as an additional tool with the AVS method for assessing the potential bioavailability and toxicity of metals in sediments. Pollution from S5 （Site 5） was more severe than from other sites, especially Pb, Cu and Zn. Among all the sites, more than 80% of the total concentration of Fe existed in the residual fraction, As, Cr, Mn also dominated in the residual fraction （more than 50%）. While Cd, Ni and Zn （more than 35%） were mainly in the non-stable phase. Cu had a strong affinity with oxidizable phase and Pb varied from site to site. The SEM/AVS ratio was less than one in these sediments and results implied that the majority of Zn and Ni （〉 40%） were bound to AVS. In contrast, Pb, Cu and Cd were little bound to AVS due to their low ration of SEM-Pb, Cu, Cd to corresponding total concentration and relatively high Dorewater concentration.展开更多
Ionic liquids as green solvents have shown important application in the extraction and separation of nonferrous metals.The new application perspective,the important fundamental and the applied studies of the extractio...Ionic liquids as green solvents have shown important application in the extraction and separation of nonferrous metals.The new application perspective,the important fundamental and the applied studies of the extraction and separation of nonferrous metals in ionic liquids,including the dissolution and corrosion of metal and metal oxide,hydrometallurgy of chalcopyrite and metallic oxidized ore,and extraction and separation of metal ions,are introduced.展开更多
Knowledge about heavy metal release from industrial solid wastes(ISWs) is crucial for better management of their environmental risks. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of organic and inorganic acids, ...Knowledge about heavy metal release from industrial solid wastes(ISWs) is crucial for better management of their environmental risks. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of organic and inorganic acids, clay minerals, and nanoparticles(NPs) on the release of heavy metals from sugar factory waste, ceramic factory waste, leather factory waste, and stone cutting waste. The influence of the extractants on heavy metal release from these ISWs was in the following descending order: citric acid > oxalic acid > nitric acid≥ sulfuric acid > Ca Cl2. Addition of clay minerals and NPs as adsorbents decreased heavy metal release, which was significantly lower in NP-treated wastes than in the clay mineral-treated wastes. On the other hand, the presence of organic and inorganic acids increased heavy metal adsorption by NPs and clay minerals. These results suggest that NPs can be applied successfully in waste remediation,and organic and inorganic acids play an important role in the removal of heavy metals from the studied adsorbents.展开更多
The bioavailability of five divalent cationic heavy metals （Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn and Ni） in 10 superficial sediment samples from Baihua Lake was assessed based on the molar ratio of simultaneously extracted metals （SEMs...The bioavailability of five divalent cationic heavy metals （Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn and Ni） in 10 superficial sediment samples from Baihua Lake was assessed based on the molar ratio of simultaneously extracted metals （SEMs） to acid volatile sulfide （AVS）. Atomic absorption spectrometry （AAS） and X-ray powder diffraction （XRD） were used to determine the heavy metal concentrations and examine the mineralogy of the crystalline phases, respectively. The AVS loadings in sediments from Baihua Lake ranged from 64.30 to 350.08 ~rnol/g （dry weight）. The corresponding SEM levels for the sampling sites varied from 1.770 to 14.660 vrnol/g. The molar ratio of SEMs to AVS ranged from 0.014 to 0.084 with a mean value of 0.034. The XRD analysis also confirmed the presence of some metal sulfides in sediments from Baihua Lake. The SEMs/AVS ratios for all sampling sites were significantly lower than 1.0, indicating that AVS in the sediments was sufficient to bind the five heavy metals; thus, these heavy metals are currently not significantly bioavailable to benthic organisms. Comparing the SEMs results to published guideline values for metal toxicity to benthic organisms in sediments, however, suggests that Zn and Ni pose a risk at some sampling locations in Baihua Lake.展开更多
To address resource waste and environmental pollution from electronic waste(e-waste),this study summarized the recycling technology for precious metals from e-waste based on bibliometrics and knowledge graph methods.T...To address resource waste and environmental pollution from electronic waste(e-waste),this study summarized the recycling technology for precious metals from e-waste based on bibliometrics and knowledge graph methods.The relevant literature from 2014 to 2024 was analyzed,and technological development trends and international cooperation characteristics were outlined.The results indicate that the recycling technology for precious metals from e-waste has evolved from traditional hydrometallurgy to green separation technology,and research on integrated circulation systems has gradually taken shape.China dominates the research in this field,with high-yield authors and institutions primarily situated in the country.International cooperation has continued to strengthen over time.However,technological bottlenecks remain in industrial applications.Future research should focus on biomaterial coupling technology and full lifecycle system optimization to promote the in-depth integration of resource recycling theory and sustainable development goals.展开更多
A simple and selective method using a column packed with graphene oxide（GO） as a solid phase extractant has been developed for the multi-element preconcentration of Fe（Ⅲ）,Ni（Ⅱ）,Cu（Ⅱ） and Zn（Ⅱ）ions prior ...A simple and selective method using a column packed with graphene oxide（GO） as a solid phase extractant has been developed for the multi-element preconcentration of Fe（Ⅲ）,Ni（Ⅱ）,Cu（Ⅱ） and Zn（Ⅱ）ions prior to flame atomic absorption spectrometric determinations.The method is based on the sorption of mentioned ions on synthesized GO using 2-（tert-butoxy）-N-（3-carbamothioylphenyl）acetamide as a chelating agent.Several parameters on the extraction and complex formation were optimized.Under the optimized conditions（pH 6,flow rate 9 mL/min）,metal ions were retained on the column,then quantitatively eluted by HNO3solution（5 mL,3.0 mol/L）.The preconcentration factor was calculated as250.The detection limits for the analyte ions of interest were found in the range of 0.11 ng/mL（Ni2＋） to0.63 ng/mL（Cu2＋）.The column packed with GO was adequate for metal ions separation in matrixes containing alkali,alkaline earth,transition and heavy metal ions.展开更多
The electricity demand is increasing rapidly with the development of society and technology.Coal-fired thermal power plants have become one of the primary sources of electricity generation for urbanization.However,coa...The electricity demand is increasing rapidly with the development of society and technology.Coal-fired thermal power plants have become one of the primary sources of electricity generation for urbanization.However,coal-fired thermal power plants produce a great amount of by-product coal fly ash every year.Coal fly ash disposal in landfills requires a sizable space and has negative environmental impacts.Therefore,it is crucial to develop new technologies and methods to utilize this enormous volume of solid waste in order to protect the environment.In this review,the fundamental physical and chemical character-istics of coal fly ash are introduced,and afterward the disposal policies and utilization ways of coal fly ash are discussed to gain a comprehensive understanding of the various ways this waste.The leaching of valuable metals in coal fly ash and the extraction of metal elements in leachate under different conditions are also summarized.Furthermore,the possibility of coal fly ash to serve as a supplementary source for mineral resources is analyzed,providing a basis for its extensive use as a raw material in the metal industry in China and worldwide.展开更多
In this study, effects of water conditions （flooded, wet, or dry） and eggshell dosages （0, 0.1, 1.0, and 10.0 g/kg soil, respectively） on pH variation, content of unavailable state of heavy metals, form of heavy m...In this study, effects of water conditions （flooded, wet, or dry） and eggshell dosages （0, 0.1, 1.0, and 10.0 g/kg soil, respectively） on pH variation, content of unavailable state of heavy metals, form of heavy metals, and available nutritious element calcium （Ca） in acid soils contaminated with heavy metals were investigated, respectively. The soil samples were continuously cultivated indoors and analyzed by toxicity characteristic leaching procedure and community bureau of reference （BCR） sequential extraction procedure. The results showed that the addition of eggshell could effectively improve the pH of acid soil and increase it to neutral level. Moreover, the contents of unavailable state of heavy metals Cu, Zn, and Cd increased significantly. Furthermore, when the soil was cultivated under the flooded condition with 1.0 g/kg eggshell, the unavailable state ofCu, Zn, and Cd increased the most, and these heavy metals were transformed into residual state. On the other hand, the amount of available state of Ca increased to 432.19 from 73.34 mg/kg with the addition of 1.0 g/kg eggshell, which indicated that the addition of eggshell dramatically improved the available state of Ca. Therefore, eggshell could ameliorate the soil environment as it led to the decrease of available heavy metals and improvement of fertilization effectively. In a word, this study indicates that the addition of eggshell would be a new potential method for remediation of acid field soils contaminated with heavy metals.展开更多
Metal recovery from bottom ash was deemed to be significant to achieve a higher stability of bottom ash and recycle valuable extractable metals.In China,the existing rugged industrial production ignores the actual met...Metal recovery from bottom ash was deemed to be significant to achieve a higher stability of bottom ash and recycle valuable extractable metals.In China,the existing rugged industrial production ignores the actual metal distribution and thus fails to exploit the utilization potential of recoverable metals in bottom ash.Based on these findings,this work was proposed to obtain a comprehensive and in-depth study on the recoverability of metals in bottom ash.First,the particle size distribution and elemental composition of the bottom ash were analyzed.Then,complete information on the recoverable metals in bottom ash fractions with different sizes was obtained by washing,sorting,crushing,density separation and XRF(X Ray Fluorescence)analysis.The results showed that the smaller than 5 mm fraction accounted for up to 60%of the bottom ash,and the 5–20 mm fractions accounted for about 15%.The material characterization revealed that the contents of recoverable Fe,stainless steel,Al and Cu in bottom ash were averagely 9.01%,0.136%,0.78%and 0.08%,respectively.About 50%of Fe,68%of Al,61%of Cu,and 22%of stainless steel were distributed in smaller than 10 mm fraction.Particularly,Fe was evenly distributed among 0–2 mm,2–5 mm,5–10 mm fractions,and the content was between 5.41%and 7.5%.Non-magnetic stainless steel was mainly distributed in 20–40 mm and larger than 40 mm fractions.The highest share of Al was present in the fractions between 5 mm and 20 mm,accounting for 48%of the total aluminum.About 45.6%of the Cu was enriched in the 5–10 mm fraction.However,the Zn content was less than 0.01%.This work provides an in-depth understanding and information on metal recovery as well as promisingly guide ash utilization.展开更多
Rare earth elements (REEs), comprising 17 % of known elements, are pivotal in diverse industries. Despitetheir name, they are not geologically rare but dispersed, posing challenges for economically viablemining. This ...Rare earth elements (REEs), comprising 17 % of known elements, are pivotal in diverse industries. Despitetheir name, they are not geologically rare but dispersed, posing challenges for economically viablemining. This review explores the environmental and health implications of REEs, emphasizing theiremerging status as contaminants in aquatic environments, raising health concerns through the foodchain. The necessity to recover REEs from wastewater demands efficient methods, particularly focusingon adsorption. Spinel ferrites (SFs), characterized by superparamagnetism and thermal stability, aregaining prominence in this context. Utilizing metal cations like Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, Zn, and Cu, SF-basedmagnetic nanocomposites exhibit remarkable efficiency in adsorbing REEs. This article delves intoadsorption mechanisms, including electrostatic interactions and ion exchange, highlighting the advantagesof stability, biocompatibility, and cost-effectiveness associated with SFs. SF-based nanocomposites,offering scalability and effectiveness at low concentrations, emerge as a promising solution foraddressing environmental concerns related to REEs while meeting the escalating demand for theseessential elements.展开更多
文摘A new type of calixarenes containing amino acid ester derivatives has been synthesized. Their 1H NMR characteristics are discussed. Metal ion extraction experiment has shown that calixarene amino acid esters (2a, 2b) possess good extraction efficiency for transition metal ions (Cu 2+ , Ni 2+ , Zn 2+ ) and poor extraction efficiency for alkali metal ions (Na +, K +).
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52174336)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2021MB051)。
文摘In recent years,with the rapid developme nt of the econo my and society,pollution of valuable metal ions in wastewater has become a major challenge to environmental sustainability.In order to solve the pollution caused by metal ions,researchers have conducted continuous re searches and explored various re mediation methods.Crown ether has attracted great attention because of its ionic radius and cavity size matching well with metal ions,which makes it have the ability to selectively complex metal ions.This unique property enables the directed removal and recovery of metal ions and makes crown ethers increasingly popular in extraction and separation processes.In this paper,the research progress of crown ethers in the extraction and separation of valuable metal ions was reviewed,with emphasis on the principles,extraction systems and the key factors affecting the extraction process.This study can provide some technical support for the application of separation and extraction of valuable metal ions by crown ether.
基金The project was sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20607031)the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned 0verseas Chinese Scholars,State Education Ministry(2006-331)+1 种基金We are also grateful to Key Natural Science Fundation of South-Central University for Nationalities(YZZ05001)"Youth Chen-Guang Project"of Wuhan Bureau of Science and Technology(20065004116-34)for financial supports.
文摘A series of glucose derivatives have been used as chelating reagents to extract metal ions in supercritical carbon dioxide. With perfluoro-l-octanesulfonic acid tetraethylammonium salt as additive, glucose derivatives were selective for Sr^2＋ and Pb^2＋ extraction in supercritical carbon dioxide.
基金supported by the 100 Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21173226, 21376247)State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nos. MPCS-2011-D-08, MPCS-2010-C-02)
文摘A 1-dodecanethiol-based phase-transfer protocol is developed for the extraction of noble metal ions from aqueous solution to a hydrocarbon phase, which calls for first mixing the aqueous metal ion solution with an ethanolic solution of 1-dodecanethiol, and then extracting the coordination compounds formed between noble metal ions and 1-dodecanethiol into a non-polar organic solvent. A number of characterization techniques, including inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis demonstrate that this protocol could be applied to extract a wide variety of noble metal ions from water to dichlorometh- ane with an efficiency of 〉96%, and has high selectivity for the separation of the noble metal ions from other transition metals. It is therefore an attractive alternative for the extraction of noble metals from water, soil, or waste printed circuit boards.
文摘Electrochemical insertion/extraction of Li on cathode materials of spinel type LiMn2O4 and ordered rock-salt type LiCo0.5 Ni0.5O2 was measured on samples of which structures were well characterized. On the basis of experimental results on structure, morphology and charge-discharge characteristics, the effect of crystallinity of the cathode materiaIs on electrochemical Li insertion/extraction performance was discussed. These two transition metal oxides belong to onegroup that the crystallinity of these oxides affects to the performance.
文摘Electrochemical insertion/extraction of Li on cathode materials of anatase type TiO_2, quasilayered structure V_2O_5 and layered structure MoO_3 was measured on samples of which structures were well characterized and showed a wide range of crystallinity. On the basis of experimental results on structure, morphology and charge-discharge characteristics, the effect of crystallinity of the cathode materials on electrochemical Li insertion/extraction pedermance was discussed. These three transition metal oxides were classified as one group on the basis of whether the crystallinity of these oxides affects to the performance or not; LiMn_2O_4 and LiCo_(0.5)O_2 belongs to the former group and TiO_2, V_2O_5 and MoO_3 to the latter.
基金The authors acknowledge financial support on this research from the ＂1000 talents program＂ of China （Zhi Sun）, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （51425405）. This research was also supported by the National Science-Technology Support Program （2015 BAB02B05）.
文摘The rapid growth of lithium ion batteries （LIBs） for portable electronic devices and electric vehicles has resulted in an increased number of spent LIBs. Spent LIBs contain not only dangerous heavy metals but also toxic chemicals that pose a serious threat to ecosystems and human health. Therefore, a great deal of attention has been paid to the development of an efficient process to recycle spent LIBs for both economic aspects and environmental protection. In this paper, we review the state-of-the-art processes for metal recycling from spent LIBs, introduce the structure of a LIB, and summarize all available technologies that are used in different recovery processes. It is notable that metal extraction and pretreatment play impor- tant roles in the whole recovery process, based on one or more of the principles of pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, biometallurgy, and so forth. By further comparing different recycling methods, existing challenges are identified and suggestions for improving the recycling effectiveness can be proposed.
基金supported by the Science Foundation of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Science and Technology （Grant No.04DZ12030-3）, the National High-Technology Research and Development Program of China （Grant No.2005AA60101005）, and the Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline PProject （Grant No.T0105）Project （Grant No.T0105）.
文摘Nine elements （As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn） in sediment samples at 7 sites （Site 1-7） from Suzhou Creek in Shanghai were analyzed with the Community Bareau of Reference （BCR） （sequential extraction （SE）） protocol and simultaneously extracted metals （SEM）/acid volatile sulfide （AVS） procedure to assess the metal bioavailability and toxicology in this area. The results showed that the BCR extraction can be utilized as an additional tool with the AVS method for assessing the potential bioavailability and toxicity of metals in sediments. Pollution from S5 （Site 5） was more severe than from other sites, especially Pb, Cu and Zn. Among all the sites, more than 80% of the total concentration of Fe existed in the residual fraction, As, Cr, Mn also dominated in the residual fraction （more than 50%）. While Cd, Ni and Zn （more than 35%） were mainly in the non-stable phase. Cu had a strong affinity with oxidizable phase and Pb varied from site to site. The SEM/AVS ratio was less than one in these sediments and results implied that the majority of Zn and Ni （〉 40%） were bound to AVS. In contrast, Pb, Cu and Cd were little bound to AVS due to their low ration of SEM-Pb, Cu, Cd to corresponding total concentration and relatively high Dorewater concentration.
基金Project(50904031) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2008E0049M) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province,China+1 种基金Project(07Z40082) supported by the Science Foundation of the Education Department of Yunnan Province,ChinaProject(2007-16) supported by the Science Foundation of Kunming University of Science and Technology,China
文摘Ionic liquids as green solvents have shown important application in the extraction and separation of nonferrous metals.The new application perspective,the important fundamental and the applied studies of the extraction and separation of nonferrous metals in ionic liquids,including the dissolution and corrosion of metal and metal oxide,hydrometallurgy of chalcopyrite and metallic oxidized ore,and extraction and separation of metal ions,are introduced.
文摘Knowledge about heavy metal release from industrial solid wastes(ISWs) is crucial for better management of their environmental risks. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of organic and inorganic acids, clay minerals, and nanoparticles(NPs) on the release of heavy metals from sugar factory waste, ceramic factory waste, leather factory waste, and stone cutting waste. The influence of the extractants on heavy metal release from these ISWs was in the following descending order: citric acid > oxalic acid > nitric acid≥ sulfuric acid > Ca Cl2. Addition of clay minerals and NPs as adsorbents decreased heavy metal release, which was significantly lower in NP-treated wastes than in the clay mineral-treated wastes. On the other hand, the presence of organic and inorganic acids increased heavy metal adsorption by NPs and clay minerals. These results suggest that NPs can be applied successfully in waste remediation,and organic and inorganic acids play an important role in the removal of heavy metals from the studied adsorbents.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20967003)the Project of the Government of Guiyang City(No.[2010]5-2)
文摘The bioavailability of five divalent cationic heavy metals （Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn and Ni） in 10 superficial sediment samples from Baihua Lake was assessed based on the molar ratio of simultaneously extracted metals （SEMs） to acid volatile sulfide （AVS）. Atomic absorption spectrometry （AAS） and X-ray powder diffraction （XRD） were used to determine the heavy metal concentrations and examine the mineralogy of the crystalline phases, respectively. The AVS loadings in sediments from Baihua Lake ranged from 64.30 to 350.08 ~rnol/g （dry weight）. The corresponding SEM levels for the sampling sites varied from 1.770 to 14.660 vrnol/g. The molar ratio of SEMs to AVS ranged from 0.014 to 0.084 with a mean value of 0.034. The XRD analysis also confirmed the presence of some metal sulfides in sediments from Baihua Lake. The SEMs/AVS ratios for all sampling sites were significantly lower than 1.0, indicating that AVS in the sediments was sufficient to bind the five heavy metals; thus, these heavy metals are currently not significantly bioavailable to benthic organisms. Comparing the SEMs results to published guideline values for metal toxicity to benthic organisms in sediments, however, suggests that Zn and Ni pose a risk at some sampling locations in Baihua Lake.
基金funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51604118)Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing(No.BGRIMM-KJSKL-2024–11)+2 种基金Science Research Project of Hebei Education Department(No.ZD2020132)Hebei Natural Science Foundation(No.E2022209079)Central Guide Local Science and Technology Development Project of Hebei(No.236Z4104G)。
文摘To address resource waste and environmental pollution from electronic waste(e-waste),this study summarized the recycling technology for precious metals from e-waste based on bibliometrics and knowledge graph methods.The relevant literature from 2014 to 2024 was analyzed,and technological development trends and international cooperation characteristics were outlined.The results indicate that the recycling technology for precious metals from e-waste has evolved from traditional hydrometallurgy to green separation technology,and research on integrated circulation systems has gradually taken shape.China dominates the research in this field,with high-yield authors and institutions primarily situated in the country.International cooperation has continued to strengthen over time.However,technological bottlenecks remain in industrial applications.Future research should focus on biomaterial coupling technology and full lifecycle system optimization to promote the in-depth integration of resource recycling theory and sustainable development goals.
文摘A simple and selective method using a column packed with graphene oxide（GO） as a solid phase extractant has been developed for the multi-element preconcentration of Fe（Ⅲ）,Ni（Ⅱ）,Cu（Ⅱ） and Zn（Ⅱ）ions prior to flame atomic absorption spectrometric determinations.The method is based on the sorption of mentioned ions on synthesized GO using 2-（tert-butoxy）-N-（3-carbamothioylphenyl）acetamide as a chelating agent.Several parameters on the extraction and complex formation were optimized.Under the optimized conditions（pH 6,flow rate 9 mL/min）,metal ions were retained on the column,then quantitatively eluted by HNO3solution（5 mL,3.0 mol/L）.The preconcentration factor was calculated as250.The detection limits for the analyte ions of interest were found in the range of 0.11 ng/mL（Ni2＋） to0.63 ng/mL（Cu2＋）.The column packed with GO was adequate for metal ions separation in matrixes containing alkali,alkaline earth,transition and heavy metal ions.
基金supported by Major science and technology projects of Gansu Province(22ZD6GA008,22ZD6GA014)National Natural Science Foundation of China(52304368,52164034)+2 种基金Science and Technology Project of Gansu Province(Postdoctoral project at the station)(23JRRA781,23JRRA812)Science and Technology Project of Gansu Province(Special Project of Science and Technology Specialist)(23CXGA0068)The Tamarisk Outstanding Young Talents Program of Lanzhou University of Technology.The 74th batch of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Regional Special Support Program)(2023MD744218).
文摘The electricity demand is increasing rapidly with the development of society and technology.Coal-fired thermal power plants have become one of the primary sources of electricity generation for urbanization.However,coal-fired thermal power plants produce a great amount of by-product coal fly ash every year.Coal fly ash disposal in landfills requires a sizable space and has negative environmental impacts.Therefore,it is crucial to develop new technologies and methods to utilize this enormous volume of solid waste in order to protect the environment.In this review,the fundamental physical and chemical character-istics of coal fly ash are introduced,and afterward the disposal policies and utilization ways of coal fly ash are discussed to gain a comprehensive understanding of the various ways this waste.The leaching of valuable metals in coal fly ash and the extraction of metal elements in leachate under different conditions are also summarized.Furthermore,the possibility of coal fly ash to serve as a supplementary source for mineral resources is analyzed,providing a basis for its extensive use as a raw material in the metal industry in China and worldwide.
文摘In this study, effects of water conditions （flooded, wet, or dry） and eggshell dosages （0, 0.1, 1.0, and 10.0 g/kg soil, respectively） on pH variation, content of unavailable state of heavy metals, form of heavy metals, and available nutritious element calcium （Ca） in acid soils contaminated with heavy metals were investigated, respectively. The soil samples were continuously cultivated indoors and analyzed by toxicity characteristic leaching procedure and community bureau of reference （BCR） sequential extraction procedure. The results showed that the addition of eggshell could effectively improve the pH of acid soil and increase it to neutral level. Moreover, the contents of unavailable state of heavy metals Cu, Zn, and Cd increased significantly. Furthermore, when the soil was cultivated under the flooded condition with 1.0 g/kg eggshell, the unavailable state ofCu, Zn, and Cd increased the most, and these heavy metals were transformed into residual state. On the other hand, the amount of available state of Ca increased to 432.19 from 73.34 mg/kg with the addition of 1.0 g/kg eggshell, which indicated that the addition of eggshell dramatically improved the available state of Ca. Therefore, eggshell could ameliorate the soil environment as it led to the decrease of available heavy metals and improvement of fertilization effectively. In a word, this study indicates that the addition of eggshell would be a new potential method for remediation of acid field soils contaminated with heavy metals.
基金the project of the National Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.52170141)Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.2021C03164,No.2022C03092),providing financial support for this work.
文摘Metal recovery from bottom ash was deemed to be significant to achieve a higher stability of bottom ash and recycle valuable extractable metals.In China,the existing rugged industrial production ignores the actual metal distribution and thus fails to exploit the utilization potential of recoverable metals in bottom ash.Based on these findings,this work was proposed to obtain a comprehensive and in-depth study on the recoverability of metals in bottom ash.First,the particle size distribution and elemental composition of the bottom ash were analyzed.Then,complete information on the recoverable metals in bottom ash fractions with different sizes was obtained by washing,sorting,crushing,density separation and XRF(X Ray Fluorescence)analysis.The results showed that the smaller than 5 mm fraction accounted for up to 60%of the bottom ash,and the 5–20 mm fractions accounted for about 15%.The material characterization revealed that the contents of recoverable Fe,stainless steel,Al and Cu in bottom ash were averagely 9.01%,0.136%,0.78%and 0.08%,respectively.About 50%of Fe,68%of Al,61%of Cu,and 22%of stainless steel were distributed in smaller than 10 mm fraction.Particularly,Fe was evenly distributed among 0–2 mm,2–5 mm,5–10 mm fractions,and the content was between 5.41%and 7.5%.Non-magnetic stainless steel was mainly distributed in 20–40 mm and larger than 40 mm fractions.The highest share of Al was present in the fractions between 5 mm and 20 mm,accounting for 48%of the total aluminum.About 45.6%of the Cu was enriched in the 5–10 mm fraction.However,the Zn content was less than 0.01%.This work provides an in-depth understanding and information on metal recovery as well as promisingly guide ash utilization.
文摘Rare earth elements (REEs), comprising 17 % of known elements, are pivotal in diverse industries. Despitetheir name, they are not geologically rare but dispersed, posing challenges for economically viablemining. This review explores the environmental and health implications of REEs, emphasizing theiremerging status as contaminants in aquatic environments, raising health concerns through the foodchain. The necessity to recover REEs from wastewater demands efficient methods, particularly focusingon adsorption. Spinel ferrites (SFs), characterized by superparamagnetism and thermal stability, aregaining prominence in this context. Utilizing metal cations like Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, Zn, and Cu, SF-basedmagnetic nanocomposites exhibit remarkable efficiency in adsorbing REEs. This article delves intoadsorption mechanisms, including electrostatic interactions and ion exchange, highlighting the advantagesof stability, biocompatibility, and cost-effectiveness associated with SFs. SF-based nanocomposites,offering scalability and effectiveness at low concentrations, emerge as a promising solution foraddressing environmental concerns related to REEs while meeting the escalating demand for theseessential elements.
