To construct the Agricultural Scientific and Technical Information Core Metadata （ASTICM） standard and its expanding principles, and to develop a register system based on ASTICM, the policy and methods of DC （Dubli...To construct the Agricultural Scientific and Technical Information Core Metadata （ASTICM） standard and its expanding principles, and to develop a register system based on ASTICM, the policy and methods of DC （Dublin Core） and SDBCM （Scientific Database Core Metadata） were studied. The construction of ASTICM has started from the proposed elements of the DCMI （Dublin Core Metadata Initiative）, and has expanded the DC and SDBCM with related expanding principles. ASTICM finally includes 75 metadata elements, five expanded principles, and seven application profile creation methods. According to the requirement analysis of a large number of users of agricultural information, a register system based on ASTICM was developed. The ASTICM standard framework and its register system supported the search, sharing, integration exchange and other applications, effectively.展开更多
This paper reports on a demonstration of YAMZ(Yet Another Metadata Zoo)as a mechanism for building community consensus around metadata terms.The demonstration is motivated by the complexity of the metadata standards e...This paper reports on a demonstration of YAMZ(Yet Another Metadata Zoo)as a mechanism for building community consensus around metadata terms.The demonstration is motivated by the complexity of the metadata standards environment and the need for more user-friendly approaches for researchers to achieve vocabulary consensus.The paper reviews a series of metadata standardization challenges,explores crowdsourcing factors that offer possible solutions,and introduces the YAMZ system.A YAMZ demonstration is presented with members of the Toberer materials science laboratory at the Colorado School of Mines,where there is a need to confirm and maintain a shared understanding for the vocabulary supporting research documentation,data management,and their larger metadata infrastructure.The demonstration involves three key steps:1)Sampling terms for the demonstration,2)Engaging graduate student researchers in the demonstration,and 3)Reflecting on the demonstration.The results of these steps,including examples of the dialog provenance among lab members and voting,show the ease with YAMZ can facilitate building metadata vocabulary consensus.The conclusion discusses implications and highlights next steps.展开更多
Transparency is vital to realizing the promise of evidenced-based policymaking,where"evidence-based"means including information as to what data mean and why they should be trusted.Transparency,in turn,requir...Transparency is vital to realizing the promise of evidenced-based policymaking,where"evidence-based"means including information as to what data mean and why they should be trusted.Transparency,in turn,requires that enough of this information is provided.Loosely speaking then,transparency is achieved when sufficient documentation is provided.Sufficiency is situation specific,both for the provider and consumer of the documentation.These ideas are presented in two recent Us commissioned reports:The Promise of Evidence-Based Policymaking and Transparency in Statistical Information for the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics and All Federal Statistical Agencies.Metadata are a more formalized kind of documentation,and in this paper,we provide and demonstrate necessary,sufficient,and general conditions for achieving transparency from the metadata perspective:conforming to a specification,providing quality metadata,and creating a usable interface to the metadata.These conditions are important for any metadata system,but here the specification is tied to our framework for metadata quality based on the situation-specific needs for transparency.These ideas are described,and their interrelationships are explored.展开更多
The Sensor Web has emerged from Earth Science research with the development of Web technology,to achieve process automation,sensor interoperation,and service synergy.These promises require the discovery of the right s...The Sensor Web has emerged from Earth Science research with the development of Web technology,to achieve process automation,sensor interoperation,and service synergy.These promises require the discovery of the right sensor at the right time and the right location with the right quality.Metadata,for sensor,platform,and data,are crucial for achieving such goals.However,analysis and practical use of these metadata reveals that the metadata and their associations are not applicable or suitable for the Sensor Web.The shortfalls are(1)the nonstandard metadata expression language;(2)the missing link between sensor and domain knowledge;(3)the insufficiency in the information for geographic locating and sensor tasking;and(4)the enhanced requirements on the quality,security,and ownership of both sensors and their sensed data.This paper reviews the current standards that have metadata components for the sensor and its platform,especially those from ISO TC211,Open Geospatial Consortium Inc.,and The National Aeronautics and Space Administration Global Change Master Directory.A recommendation on metadata that meets the requirement of crossmission sensor discovery in a pervasive Web environment is derived from them.The recommendation addresses issues on language formalization,sensor geolocation,semantics,quality,and accessibility.Roles of the emerging semantic Web technology for enabling robust discovery of sensor are discussed.展开更多
The FAIR principles of Wilkinson et al.[1]are finding their way from research into application domains,one of which is the precise positioning with global satellite navigation systems(GNSS).Current GNSS users demand t...The FAIR principles of Wilkinson et al.[1]are finding their way from research into application domains,one of which is the precise positioning with global satellite navigation systems(GNSS).Current GNSS users demand that data and services are findable online,accessible via open protocols(by both,machines and humans),interoperable with their legacy systems and reusable in various settings.Comprehensive metadata are essential in seamless communication between GNSS data and service providers and their users,and,for decades,geodetic and geospatial standards are efficiently implemented to support this.However,GNSS user community is transforming from precise positioning by highly specialised use by geodetic professionals to every-day precise positioning by autonomous vehicles or wellness obsessed citizens.Moreover,rapid technological developments allow alternative ways of offering data and services to their users.These transforming circumstances warrant a review whether metadata defined in generic geospatial and geodetic standards in use still support FAIR use of modern GNSS data and services across its novel user spectrum.This paper reports the results of current GNSS users'requirements in various application sectors on the way data,metadata and services are provided.We engaged with GNSS stakeholders to validate our findings and to gain understanding on their perception of the FAIR principles.Our results confirm that offering FAIR GNSS data and services is fundamental,but for a confident use of these,there is a need to review the way metadata are offered to the community.Defining standard compliant GNSS community metadata profile and providing relevant metadata with data on-demand,the approach outlined in this paper,is a way to manage current GNSS users'expectations and the way to improve FAIR GNSS data and service delivery for both humans and the machines.展开更多
There are several issues with Web-based search interfaces on a Sensor Web data infrastructure.It can be difficult to(1)find the proper keywords for the formulation of queries and(2)explore the information if the user ...There are several issues with Web-based search interfaces on a Sensor Web data infrastructure.It can be difficult to(1)find the proper keywords for the formulation of queries and(2)explore the information if the user does not have previous knowledge about the particular sensor systems providing the informa-tion.We investigate how the visualization of sensor resources on a 3D Web-based Digital Earth globe organized by level-of-detail(LOD)can enhance search and exploration of information by easing the formulation of geospatial queries against the metadata of sensor systems.Our case study provides an approach inspired by geographical mashups in which freely available functionality and data are flexibly combined.We use PostgreSQL,PostGIS,PHP,and X3D-Earth technologies to allow the Web3D standard and its geospatial component to be used for visual exploration and LOD control of a dynamic scene.Our goal is to facilitate the dynamic exploration of the Sensor Web and to allow the user to seamlessly focus in on a particular sensor system from a set of registered sensor networks deployed across the globe.We present a prototype metadata exploration system featuring LOD for a multiscaled Sensor Web as a Digital Earth application.展开更多
The ultimate goal of much current research in earth science informatics is to enable more efficient discovery and use of environmental data.Large-scale efforts are underway at regional and global levels.For instance t...The ultimate goal of much current research in earth science informatics is to enable more efficient discovery and use of environmental data.Large-scale efforts are underway at regional and global levels.For instance the European INSPIRE Directive(2007/2/EC)and international GEOSS initiative will both provide unprecedented catalogues of earth observation and environmental data,with links to online services providing direct access to digital data repositories.While the motivation for these emerging infrastructures is clear(e.g.understanding global change),it is less obvious how they might be implemented.Standards will play a major role and considerable effort is currently being devoted to their development by bodies like the International Organisation for Standardisation and the Open Geospatial Consortium.Internet search engines are amongst the most popular websites visited today.Using the metaphor of a web search portal,we review the potential of new geospatial standards to provide an advanced,userfriendly approach to discovery and use of climate-science data.展开更多
调查和分析元数据标准在健康科学数据中的应用现状,有助于为我国健康科学数据描述中元数据标准的选择、健康科学数据平台的建设提供参考。通过网络调研法对科学数据仓储注册系统(registry of research data repositories,re3data)中的...调查和分析元数据标准在健康科学数据中的应用现状,有助于为我国健康科学数据描述中元数据标准的选择、健康科学数据平台的建设提供参考。通过网络调研法对科学数据仓储注册系统(registry of research data repositories,re3data)中的健康科学数据管理平台进行调研,梳理所应用的元数据标准,分析典型元数据标准在平台中的应用情况,并归纳其在健康科学数据描述中的适用性。re3data中各健康科学数据平台共使用14种元数据标准,其中DC、DataCite、DDI、仓储自建元数据标准的使用最为广泛,多数平台组合使用多种元数据标准。各类元数据标准可分为通用型、社会科学型、自建型3类,分别适用于描述健康科学数据通用属性、社会科学研究产生的健康科学数据、特色和专业性强及政府开放的健康科学数据。展开更多
文摘To construct the Agricultural Scientific and Technical Information Core Metadata （ASTICM） standard and its expanding principles, and to develop a register system based on ASTICM, the policy and methods of DC （Dublin Core） and SDBCM （Scientific Database Core Metadata） were studied. The construction of ASTICM has started from the proposed elements of the DCMI （Dublin Core Metadata Initiative）, and has expanded the DC and SDBCM with related expanding principles. ASTICM finally includes 75 metadata elements, five expanded principles, and seven application profile creation methods. According to the requirement analysis of a large number of users of agricultural information, a register system based on ASTICM was developed. The ASTICM standard framework and its register system supported the search, sharing, integration exchange and other applications, effectively.
基金supported by National Science Foundation-Office of Advance Cyberinfrastructure(NFS-OAC)2118201,the Ronin Institute/U.S.Research Data Alliance(RDA),and the Institute of Museum and Library Services(IMLS)RE-246450-OLS-20.
文摘This paper reports on a demonstration of YAMZ(Yet Another Metadata Zoo)as a mechanism for building community consensus around metadata terms.The demonstration is motivated by the complexity of the metadata standards environment and the need for more user-friendly approaches for researchers to achieve vocabulary consensus.The paper reviews a series of metadata standardization challenges,explores crowdsourcing factors that offer possible solutions,and introduces the YAMZ system.A YAMZ demonstration is presented with members of the Toberer materials science laboratory at the Colorado School of Mines,where there is a need to confirm and maintain a shared understanding for the vocabulary supporting research documentation,data management,and their larger metadata infrastructure.The demonstration involves three key steps:1)Sampling terms for the demonstration,2)Engaging graduate student researchers in the demonstration,and 3)Reflecting on the demonstration.The results of these steps,including examples of the dialog provenance among lab members and voting,show the ease with YAMZ can facilitate building metadata vocabulary consensus.The conclusion discusses implications and highlights next steps.
文摘Transparency is vital to realizing the promise of evidenced-based policymaking,where"evidence-based"means including information as to what data mean and why they should be trusted.Transparency,in turn,requires that enough of this information is provided.Loosely speaking then,transparency is achieved when sufficient documentation is provided.Sufficiency is situation specific,both for the provider and consumer of the documentation.These ideas are presented in two recent Us commissioned reports:The Promise of Evidence-Based Policymaking and Transparency in Statistical Information for the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics and All Federal Statistical Agencies.Metadata are a more formalized kind of documentation,and in this paper,we provide and demonstrate necessary,sufficient,and general conditions for achieving transparency from the metadata perspective:conforming to a specification,providing quality metadata,and creating a usable interface to the metadata.These conditions are important for any metadata system,but here the specification is tied to our framework for metadata quality based on the situation-specific needs for transparency.These ideas are described,and their interrelationships are explored.
基金The study is supported in part by the NASA AIST program(Grant#NNX06AG04G,PI:Dr.Liping Di).
文摘The Sensor Web has emerged from Earth Science research with the development of Web technology,to achieve process automation,sensor interoperation,and service synergy.These promises require the discovery of the right sensor at the right time and the right location with the right quality.Metadata,for sensor,platform,and data,are crucial for achieving such goals.However,analysis and practical use of these metadata reveals that the metadata and their associations are not applicable or suitable for the Sensor Web.The shortfalls are(1)the nonstandard metadata expression language;(2)the missing link between sensor and domain knowledge;(3)the insufficiency in the information for geographic locating and sensor tasking;and(4)the enhanced requirements on the quality,security,and ownership of both sensors and their sensed data.This paper reviews the current standards that have metadata components for the sensor and its platform,especially those from ISO TC211,Open Geospatial Consortium Inc.,and The National Aeronautics and Space Administration Global Change Master Directory.A recommendation on metadata that meets the requirement of crossmission sensor discovery in a pervasive Web environment is derived from them.The recommendation addresses issues on language formalization,sensor geolocation,semantics,quality,and accessibility.Roles of the emerging semantic Web technology for enabling robust discovery of sensor are discussed.
基金the P1008-Positioning Australia:Accelerating Industry Adoption project supported by Geoscience Australia,Frontiersl,Curtin University and Positioning Insights。
文摘The FAIR principles of Wilkinson et al.[1]are finding their way from research into application domains,one of which is the precise positioning with global satellite navigation systems(GNSS).Current GNSS users demand that data and services are findable online,accessible via open protocols(by both,machines and humans),interoperable with their legacy systems and reusable in various settings.Comprehensive metadata are essential in seamless communication between GNSS data and service providers and their users,and,for decades,geodetic and geospatial standards are efficiently implemented to support this.However,GNSS user community is transforming from precise positioning by highly specialised use by geodetic professionals to every-day precise positioning by autonomous vehicles or wellness obsessed citizens.Moreover,rapid technological developments allow alternative ways of offering data and services to their users.These transforming circumstances warrant a review whether metadata defined in generic geospatial and geodetic standards in use still support FAIR use of modern GNSS data and services across its novel user spectrum.This paper reports the results of current GNSS users'requirements in various application sectors on the way data,metadata and services are provided.We engaged with GNSS stakeholders to validate our findings and to gain understanding on their perception of the FAIR principles.Our results confirm that offering FAIR GNSS data and services is fundamental,but for a confident use of these,there is a need to review the way metadata are offered to the community.Defining standard compliant GNSS community metadata profile and providing relevant metadata with data on-demand,the approach outlined in this paper,is a way to manage current GNSS users'expectations and the way to improve FAIR GNSS data and service delivery for both humans and the machines.
基金This work was supported in part by the Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Institutional Program(Project No.2E24100).
文摘There are several issues with Web-based search interfaces on a Sensor Web data infrastructure.It can be difficult to(1)find the proper keywords for the formulation of queries and(2)explore the information if the user does not have previous knowledge about the particular sensor systems providing the informa-tion.We investigate how the visualization of sensor resources on a 3D Web-based Digital Earth globe organized by level-of-detail(LOD)can enhance search and exploration of information by easing the formulation of geospatial queries against the metadata of sensor systems.Our case study provides an approach inspired by geographical mashups in which freely available functionality and data are flexibly combined.We use PostgreSQL,PostGIS,PHP,and X3D-Earth technologies to allow the Web3D standard and its geospatial component to be used for visual exploration and LOD control of a dynamic scene.Our goal is to facilitate the dynamic exploration of the Sensor Web and to allow the user to seamlessly focus in on a particular sensor system from a set of registered sensor networks deployed across the globe.We present a prototype metadata exploration system featuring LOD for a multiscaled Sensor Web as a Digital Earth application.
文摘The ultimate goal of much current research in earth science informatics is to enable more efficient discovery and use of environmental data.Large-scale efforts are underway at regional and global levels.For instance the European INSPIRE Directive(2007/2/EC)and international GEOSS initiative will both provide unprecedented catalogues of earth observation and environmental data,with links to online services providing direct access to digital data repositories.While the motivation for these emerging infrastructures is clear(e.g.understanding global change),it is less obvious how they might be implemented.Standards will play a major role and considerable effort is currently being devoted to their development by bodies like the International Organisation for Standardisation and the Open Geospatial Consortium.Internet search engines are amongst the most popular websites visited today.Using the metaphor of a web search portal,we review the potential of new geospatial standards to provide an advanced,userfriendly approach to discovery and use of climate-science data.
文摘调查和分析元数据标准在健康科学数据中的应用现状,有助于为我国健康科学数据描述中元数据标准的选择、健康科学数据平台的建设提供参考。通过网络调研法对科学数据仓储注册系统(registry of research data repositories,re3data)中的健康科学数据管理平台进行调研,梳理所应用的元数据标准,分析典型元数据标准在平台中的应用情况,并归纳其在健康科学数据描述中的适用性。re3data中各健康科学数据平台共使用14种元数据标准,其中DC、DataCite、DDI、仓储自建元数据标准的使用最为广泛,多数平台组合使用多种元数据标准。各类元数据标准可分为通用型、社会科学型、自建型3类,分别适用于描述健康科学数据通用属性、社会科学研究产生的健康科学数据、特色和专业性强及政府开放的健康科学数据。
