In this letter,we discuss the recently published study by Pan et al,which invest-igated the relationships between interleukin-36(IL-36)subfamily cytokines and the gut microbiota in patients diagnosed with liver cirrho...In this letter,we discuss the recently published study by Pan et al,which invest-igated the relationships between interleukin-36(IL-36)subfamily cytokines and the gut microbiota in patients diagnosed with liver cirrhosis.This observational study revealed that the serum levels of IL-36α,IL-36γ,and IL-38 were significantly elevated in liver cirrhosis patients,accompanied by a distinct gut microbiota profile.These findings provide novel insights into the role of inflammatory cytokines in the imbalance of the gut-liver axis.Meanwhile,in our studies,it was found that IL-36γis considerably increased in a mouse model of metabolic dys-function-associated liver disease,which may be linked to the activation of T helper type 17 cells and macrophages.Thus,this letter provides a brief introdu-ction to the role of IL-36 in liver diseases and anticipates further studies aimed at elucidating the full potential of IL-36 in the development of liver diseases.展开更多
AIM： To shed some light on the relationship between anti-apoptotic serum Bcl-2 concentrations and metabolic status, anthropometric parameters, inflammation indi- ces, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease severity we...AIM： To shed some light on the relationship between anti-apoptotic serum Bcl-2 concentrations and metabolic status, anthropometric parameters, inflammation indi- ces, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease severity were investigated in 43 young individuals with fatty liver （FL） and 41 with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis （NASH）. METHODS： Circulating levels of Bcl-2 were detected in 84 patients with ultrasonographic findings of ＂bright liver＂ and/or hyper-transaminasemia of unknown origin and/or increase in T-glutamyl-transpeptidase （T-GT） strictly in the absence of other acute or chronic liver disease, whose age was not advanced, who gave consent to liver biopsy and were then divided on the basis of the histological results into two groups （43 with FL and 41 with NASH）. Twenty lean subjects, apparently healthy and young, were chosen as controls.RESULTS： Serum Bcl-2 concentrations were significantly higher in the FL group than in the NASH group. Insulin resistance and γ-GT activity were significantly higher in NASH subjects. Apoptotic hepatocytes were significantly more numerous in NASH patients. NASH patients presented with larger spleens and augmented C-reactive protein （CRP） concentrations than healthy subjects. Steatosis grade at histology was similar in both NASH and FL populations. The number of apoptotic cells was significantly related to anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein values in FL patients. Bcl-2 serum levels positively correlated to body mass index （BMI） values （P ~ 0.0001） but not to age of the population. Triglycerides/HDL ratio correlated well to waist circumference in males （P = 0.0008）. γ-GT activity was associated with homeostatic metabolic assessment （HOMA） （P = 0.0003） and with serum ferritin （P = 0.02）. Bcl-2 concentrations were not related to either spleen size or CRP values. NASH patients pre- sented a weak negative correlation between Iobular inflammation and Bcl-2 levels. A prediction by low values of serum Bcl-2 towards a greater presence of metabolically unhealthy overweight/obese patients （MUOs） was evidenced. HOMA, BMI and uric acid, in that sequence, best predicted serum Bcl-2 concentrations. CONCLUSION： IvlUOs could be detected by Bcl-2 levels. By favoring the life span of hepatocytes, and enhancing triglyceride formation, the anti-apoptotic process inhibits free fatty acids toxicity in FL.展开更多
Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is a common gynecologic endocrinopathy.The pathogenesis of PCOS is associated with both heredity and environment.PCOS has adverse impacts on female endocrine,reproduction,and metabolism....Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is a common gynecologic endocrinopathy.The pathogenesis of PCOS is associated with both heredity and environment.PCOS has adverse impacts on female endocrine,reproduction,and metabolism.PCOS can impact women’s reproductive health,leading to anovulatory infertility and higher rate of early pregnancy loss.PCOS has additional metabolic derangements,such as insulin resistance,impaired glucose tolerance,and dyslipidemia.The risks of diabetes,cardiovascular disease,hypertension,metabolic syndrome,and endometrial cancer among PCOS patients are significantly increased as well.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82104549.
文摘In this letter,we discuss the recently published study by Pan et al,which invest-igated the relationships between interleukin-36(IL-36)subfamily cytokines and the gut microbiota in patients diagnosed with liver cirrhosis.This observational study revealed that the serum levels of IL-36α,IL-36γ,and IL-38 were significantly elevated in liver cirrhosis patients,accompanied by a distinct gut microbiota profile.These findings provide novel insights into the role of inflammatory cytokines in the imbalance of the gut-liver axis.Meanwhile,in our studies,it was found that IL-36γis considerably increased in a mouse model of metabolic dys-function-associated liver disease,which may be linked to the activation of T helper type 17 cells and macrophages.Thus,this letter provides a brief introdu-ction to the role of IL-36 in liver diseases and anticipates further studies aimed at elucidating the full potential of IL-36 in the development of liver diseases.
文摘AIM： To shed some light on the relationship between anti-apoptotic serum Bcl-2 concentrations and metabolic status, anthropometric parameters, inflammation indi- ces, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease severity were investigated in 43 young individuals with fatty liver （FL） and 41 with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis （NASH）. METHODS： Circulating levels of Bcl-2 were detected in 84 patients with ultrasonographic findings of ＂bright liver＂ and/or hyper-transaminasemia of unknown origin and/or increase in T-glutamyl-transpeptidase （T-GT） strictly in the absence of other acute or chronic liver disease, whose age was not advanced, who gave consent to liver biopsy and were then divided on the basis of the histological results into two groups （43 with FL and 41 with NASH）. Twenty lean subjects, apparently healthy and young, were chosen as controls.RESULTS： Serum Bcl-2 concentrations were significantly higher in the FL group than in the NASH group. Insulin resistance and γ-GT activity were significantly higher in NASH subjects. Apoptotic hepatocytes were significantly more numerous in NASH patients. NASH patients presented with larger spleens and augmented C-reactive protein （CRP） concentrations than healthy subjects. Steatosis grade at histology was similar in both NASH and FL populations. The number of apoptotic cells was significantly related to anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein values in FL patients. Bcl-2 serum levels positively correlated to body mass index （BMI） values （P ~ 0.0001） but not to age of the population. Triglycerides/HDL ratio correlated well to waist circumference in males （P = 0.0008）. γ-GT activity was associated with homeostatic metabolic assessment （HOMA） （P = 0.0003） and with serum ferritin （P = 0.02）. Bcl-2 concentrations were not related to either spleen size or CRP values. NASH patients pre- sented a weak negative correlation between Iobular inflammation and Bcl-2 levels. A prediction by low values of serum Bcl-2 towards a greater presence of metabolically unhealthy overweight/obese patients （MUOs） was evidenced. HOMA, BMI and uric acid, in that sequence, best predicted serum Bcl-2 concentrations. CONCLUSION： IvlUOs could be detected by Bcl-2 levels. By favoring the life span of hepatocytes, and enhancing triglyceride formation, the anti-apoptotic process inhibits free fatty acids toxicity in FL.
文摘Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is a common gynecologic endocrinopathy.The pathogenesis of PCOS is associated with both heredity and environment.PCOS has adverse impacts on female endocrine,reproduction,and metabolism.PCOS can impact women’s reproductive health,leading to anovulatory infertility and higher rate of early pregnancy loss.PCOS has additional metabolic derangements,such as insulin resistance,impaired glucose tolerance,and dyslipidemia.The risks of diabetes,cardiovascular disease,hypertension,metabolic syndrome,and endometrial cancer among PCOS patients are significantly increased as well.
