Background:We aimed to study physician attitudes toward ultrasound-guided procedures and possible improvements.We hypothesized that the usage of ultrasound in procedures may be limited by a high barrier of entry and t...Background:We aimed to study physician attitudes toward ultrasound-guided procedures and possible improvements.We hypothesized that the usage of ultrasound in procedures may be limited by a high barrier of entry and that most physicians would choose to adopt software that provides real-time image guidance if accessible.Methods:A voluntary,cross-sectional survey of physicians at a single site was conducted using a five-point Likert scale.Data analysis included both descriptive and inferential statistical analyses and stratified by categorical descriptors,including variables of formal training,years of experience,and specialty of practice.Results:One hundred sixteen physicians responded to the survey.The majority disagreed that there was a steep learning curve(57.5%)and that they need more time to identify structures under ultrasound(85.0%).Overall attitudes were mixed about the use of additional software to improve ease of use,but most(55.4%)had positive opinions toward the addition of real-time 3D reconstruction.Respondents without formal training were significantly more likely to agree that additional software would improve ease of ultrasound-guided procedures(p=0.0389).Radiologists were significantly more likely to perceive a steeper learning curve and less likely to advocate for supplemental software compared to emergency medicine physicians,surgeons,or anesthesiologists.Conclusions:Surveyed physicians demonstrated comfort with ultrasound-guided procedures and a mixed stance toward the use of additional software to assist with procedures.Those without formal training had significantly more positive attitudes toward the use of additional technology to augment ultrasound-guided procedures,suggesting a knowledge gap that may benefit from such technology.展开更多
Conventional empirical equations for estimating undrained shear strength(s_(u))from piezocone penetration test(CPTu)data,without incorporating soil physical properties,often lack the accuracy and robustness required f...Conventional empirical equations for estimating undrained shear strength(s_(u))from piezocone penetration test(CPTu)data,without incorporating soil physical properties,often lack the accuracy and robustness required for geotechnical site investigations.This study introduces a hybrid virus colony search(VCS)algorithm that integrates the standard VCS algorithm with a mutation-based search mechanism to develop high-performance XGBoost learning models to address this limitation.A dataset of 372 seismic CPTu and corresponding soil physical properties data from 26 geotechnical projects in Jiangs_(u)Province,China,was collected for model development.Comparative evaluations demonstrate that the proposed hybrid VCS-XGBoost model exhibits s_(u)perior performance compared to standard meta-heuristic algorithm-based XGBoost models.The res_(u)lts highlight that the consideration of soil physical properties significantly improves the predictive accuracy of s_(u),emphasizing the importance of considering additional soil information beyond CPTu data for accurate s_(u)estimation.展开更多
BACKGROUND Postoperative pulmonary complications(PPCs)are the most common complications following major upper abdominal surgeries,particularly hepatobiliary procedures,and significantly compromise surgical outcomes an...BACKGROUND Postoperative pulmonary complications(PPCs)are the most common complications following major upper abdominal surgeries,particularly hepatobiliary procedures,and significantly compromise surgical outcomes and patients’quality of life.Although the adoption of laparoscopy has lowered their incidence,PPCs remain a frequent and serious concern after hepatobiliary surgery.Existing research on risk factors specific to hepatobiliary surgeries is limited,particularly regarding the epidemiology and risk factors of PPCs in liver and gallbladder surgeries in China.Therefore,this study aimed to investigate the risk factors for PPCs in a large hepatobiliary center.AIM To identify the incidence and risk factors for PPCs following hepatobiliary surgery based on perioperative variables.METHODS Retrospective data were collected from patients who underwent liver,gallbladder,or pancreatic surgery at a hepatobiliary center in China between May 2023 and December 2023.We retrospectively reviewed comprehensive medical records to extract demographic and hospital admission information for determining PPC incidence.Statistically significant variables were initially screened through univariate analysis,followed by binary logistic regression modeling to identify independent predictors of PPCs.Hospitalization expenditures and duration of stay were further contrasted across the study cohorts.RESULTS This study included 1941 patients who underwent liver,gallbladder,or pancreatic surgery,of whom 78 developed PPCs,resulting in an incidence rate of 4.02%.Logistic regression analysis revealed two independent predictors of PPCs in hepatobiliary surgery patients:Age≥75 year(odds ratio=8.350,95%CI:3.521-19.798,P<0.001)and prolonged anesthesia(odds ratio=1.052,95%CI:1.015-1.091,P=0.006).Patients with PPCs had significantly elevated healthcare resource utilization,including higher total hospitalization costs,increased medication expenses,longer hospital stays,and extended postoperative admissions(all P<0.001).CONCLUSION Age≥75 years and prolonged anesthesia emerged as independent predictors of PPCs following hepatobiliary surgery.These complications were correlated with protracted hospitalization and increased healthcare costs.展开更多
Objective: To evaluate the procedures and timing of operation as well as long-term postoperative effect of congenital choledochal cysts (CCC) in adults. Methods: The procedures and timing of operation, effective rate,...Objective: To evaluate the procedures and timing of operation as well as long-term postoperative effect of congenital choledochal cysts (CCC) in adults. Methods: The procedures and timing of operation, effective rate, re-operation rate and incidence of car- cinoma after operation for 70 adult patients with CCC from January 1980 to June 1999 were analyzed retrospectively. Results: The re-operation rate of external drainage was 86% (6/7). The effective rate of internal drain- age was significantly lower than that of cyst resection (3/10 vs 45/49, X^2=20. 94, P<0.001). The re-op- eration rate and incidence of carcinoma of internal drainage were higher than those of cyst resection (5/ 10 vs 3/49, X^2=13. 64, P<0. 001 and 3/10 vs 3/49, X^2=5. 18, P<0. 025). The reoperation rate of e- mergency surgery was higher than that of selective operation (8/10 vs 6/56, X^2=24. 37, P<0.001). Conclusions: External drainage should be the first- aid measure and the therapy of choice on emergency basis. Internal drainage should never be attempted. Cyst resection with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy is recommended as the treatment of choice in selective operation.展开更多
In order to promote efficient communication between nurses in Beijing hospitals and foreign patients, EOP (English for Occupational Purposes) courses specifically for nurses are demanded. This paper introduces the mai...In order to promote efficient communication between nurses in Beijing hospitals and foreign patients, EOP (English for Occupational Purposes) courses specifically for nurses are demanded. This paper introduces the main procedures for setting up an EOP course for nurses in Beijing.展开更多
Two procedures were compared for extraction and clean-up of 20organophosphorus and 19 pyrethroid pesticides in sediment to identify the more effective procedurefor groups of pesticides or individual compounds. In Proc...Two procedures were compared for extraction and clean-up of 20organophosphorus and 19 pyrethroid pesticides in sediment to identify the more effective procedurefor groups of pesticides or individual compounds. In Procedure I, methanol/water and n-hexane wereused for extraction, and 1:10 (v/v) dichloromethane in n-hexane and acetone were used as eluents foreluting the analyte through the cartridge, with one evaporating steps on a rotary evaporator andtwo eluting steps on the cartridge. n-hexane/acetone (2:1, v/v) was used for extraction and elutionin Procedure II with one evaporating step on a rotary evaporator and one eluting step on thecartridge. All extractions were performed under an ultrasonic bath and gas chromatography and massspectrometry were utilized for measurements. Procedure II was developed as a rapid, timesaving, lesscostly and safer substitute for Procedure I which was an old method. Procedure II was moreeffective for almost all the organophosphorus pesticides tested and 11of the 19 pyrethroidpesticides, while Procedure I was more appropriate for analysis of 5 pyrethroid pesticides. However,recoveries of most pyrethroid pesticides were fairly low. Thus, further studies should focus onadjustment and formulation of solvents for more efficient extraction and clean-up of pyrethroidpesticides from sediment samples.展开更多
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) is one of the most frequently used image-guided procedures in gastrointestinal endoscopy. Post-ERCP pancreatitis is an important concern, and prophylaxis, cannulati...Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) is one of the most frequently used image-guided procedures in gastrointestinal endoscopy. Post-ERCP pancreatitis is an important concern, and prophylaxis, cannulation and other related technical procedures have been well documented by endoscopists. In addition, medical radiation exposure is of great concern in the general population because of its rapidly increasing frequency and its potential carcinogenic effects. International organizations and radiological societies have established diagnostic reference levels, which guide proper radiation use and serve as global standards for all procedures that use ionizing radiation. However, data on gastrointestinal fluoroscopic procedures are still lacking because the demand for these procedures has recently increased. In this review, we present the current status of quality indicators for ERCP and the methods for measuring radiation exposure in the clinical setting as the next quality indicator for ERCP. To reduce radiation exposure, knowledge of its adverse effects and the procedures for proper measurement and protection are essential. Additionally, further studies on the factors that affect radiation exposure, exposure management and diagnostic reference levels are necessary. Then, we can discuss how to manage medical radiation use inthese complex fluoroscopic procedures. This knowledge will help us to protect not only patients but also endoscopists and medical staff in the fluoroscopy unit.展开更多
Some research results are given in this paper about burnthrough and hydrogen cracking with a flowing chamber and a loop. Many factors including plate thickness, running rate, heat input and so forth have been studied....Some research results are given in this paper about burnthrough and hydrogen cracking with a flowing chamber and a loop. Many factors including plate thickness, running rate, heat input and so forth have been studied. By experiments it can be found that occurrence of hydrogen cracking can be effectively reduced by properly increasing heat input and using the tempering bead technique.展开更多
Damage identification of the offshore floating wind turbine by vibration/dynamic signals is one of the important and new research fields in the Structural Health Monitoring（SHM）. In this paper a new damage identific...Damage identification of the offshore floating wind turbine by vibration/dynamic signals is one of the important and new research fields in the Structural Health Monitoring（SHM）. In this paper a new damage identification method is proposed based on meta-heuristic algorithms using the dynamic response of the TLP（Tension-Leg Platform） floating wind turbine structure. The Genetic Algorithms（GA）, Artificial Immune System（AIS）, Particle Swarm Optimization（PSO）, and Artificial Bee Colony（ABC） are chosen for minimizing the object function, defined properly for damage identification purpose. In addition to studying the capability of mentioned algorithms in correctly identifying the damage, the effect of the response type on the results of identification is studied. Also, the results of proposed damage identification are investigated with considering possible uncertainties of the structure. Finally, for evaluating the proposed method in real condition, a 1/100 scaled experimental setup of TLP Floating Wind Turbine（TLPFWT） is provided in a laboratory scale and the proposed damage identification method is applied to the scaled turbine.展开更多
Blasting is well-known as an effective method for fragmenting or moving rock in open-pit mines.To evaluate the quality of blasting,the size of rock distribution is used as a critical criterion in blasting operations.A...Blasting is well-known as an effective method for fragmenting or moving rock in open-pit mines.To evaluate the quality of blasting,the size of rock distribution is used as a critical criterion in blasting operations.A high percentage of oversized rocks generated by blasting operations can lead to economic and environmental damage.Therefore,this study proposed four novel intelligent models to predict the size of rock distribution in mine blasting in order to optimize blasting parameters,as well as the efficiency of blasting operation in open mines.Accordingly,a nature-inspired algorithm(i.e.,firefly algorithm-FFA)and different machine learning algorithms(i.e.,gradient boosting machine(GBM),support vector machine(SVM),Gaussian process(GP),and artificial neural network(ANN))were combined for this aim,abbreviated as FFA-GBM,FFA-SVM,FFA-GP,and FFA-ANN,respectively.Subsequently,predicted results from the abovementioned models were compared with each other using three statistical indicators(e.g.,mean absolute error,root-mean-squared error,and correlation coefficient)and color intensity method.For developing and simulating the size of rock in blasting operations,136 blasting events with their images were collected and analyzed by the Split-Desktop software.In which,111 events were randomly selected for the development and optimization of the models.Subsequently,the remaining 25 blasting events were applied to confirm the accuracy of the proposed models.Herein,blast design parameters were regarded as input variables to predict the size of rock in blasting operations.Finally,the obtained results revealed that the FFA is a robust optimization algorithm for estimating rock fragmentation in bench blasting.Among the models developed in this study,FFA-GBM provided the highest accuracy in predicting the size of fragmented rocks.The other techniques(i.e.,FFA-SVM,FFA-GP,and FFA-ANN)yielded lower computational stability and efficiency.Hence,the FFA-GBM model can be used as a powerful and precise soft computing tool that can be applied to practical engineering cases aiming to improve the quality of blasting and rock fragmentation.展开更多
AIM： To determine factors affecting the outcome of patients with cirrhosis undergoing surgery and to compare the capacities of the Child-Turcotte-Pugh （CTP） and model for end-stage liver disease （MELD） score to p...AIM： To determine factors affecting the outcome of patients with cirrhosis undergoing surgery and to compare the capacities of the Child-Turcotte-Pugh （CTP） and model for end-stage liver disease （MELD） score to predict that outcome. METHODS： We reviewed the charts of 195 patients with cirrhosis who underwent surgery at two teaching hospitals over a five-year period. The combined endpoint of death or hepatic decompensation was considered to be the primary endpoint. RESULTS： Patients who reached the endpoint had a higher MELD score, a higher CTP score and were more likely to have undergone an urgent procedure. Among patients undergoing elective surgical procedures, no statistically significant difference was noted in the mean MELD （12.8 ＋ 3.9 vs 12.6 ＋ 4.7, P = 0.9） or in the mean CTP （7.6 ± 1.2 vs 7.7 ± 1.7, P = 0.8） between patients who reached the endpoint and those who did not. Both mean scores were higher in the patients reaching the endpoint in the case of urgent procedures （MELD： 22.4 ± 8.7 vs 15.2 ± 6.4, P = 0.0007; CTP： 9.9 ± 1.8 vs 8.5 ± 1.8, P = 0.008）. The performances of the MELD and CTP scores in predicting the outcome of urgent surgery were only fair, without a significant difference between them （AUC = 0.755 ± 0.066 for MELD vs AUC = 0.696 ± 0.070 for CTP, P = 0.3）. CONCLUSION： The CTP and MELD scores performed equally, but only fairly in predicting the outcome of urgent surgical procedures. Larger studies are needed to better define the factors capable of predicting the outcome of elective surgical procedures in patients with cirrhosis.equally, but only fairly in predicting the outcome of urgent surgical procedures. Larger studies are needed to better define the factors capable of predicting the outcome of elective surgical procedures in patients with cirrhosis.展开更多
Objective To investigate the changes of perioperative serum levels of interleukin-6(IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and cortisol, as well as gastric intramucosal pH (pHi) and plasma lactate, aiming to compare systemi...Objective To investigate the changes of perioperative serum levels of interleukin-6(IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and cortisol, as well as gastric intramucosal pH (pHi) and plasma lactate, aiming to compare systemic changes and tissue perfusion during colorectal and orthopaedic surgical procedures. Methods Twenty patients were randomly assigned to two groups, 10 cases of operation on vertebral canal, 10 cases of colorectal radical operation.Venous blood was drawn at 1 day before operation, 2, 4, and 6 hours following skin incision, and 1 day after operation, in order to measure serum IL-6, CRP, and cortisol.pHi and plasma lactate were also measured at the same time points.Results Serum concentrations of IL-6 and cortisol increased gradually following operation, reaching the peak value at 6 hours from the beginning of operation.CRP was not detectable until the first day after operation.Peak concentration of IL-6 had positive relationship with CRP.These variables changed more significantly in colorectal group than that in orthopaedic group (P<0.05).pHi decreased gradually, reaching the lowest level at 4 hours from the beginning of operation, and to more extent in colorectal group than that in orthopaedic group (P<0.05).Conclusion IL-6 may reflect tissue damage more sensitively than CRP.Colorectal surgery might induce systemic disorder to more extent, in terms of immuno-endocrinal aspect as well as tissue perfusion, reflected with pHi.展开更多
Monitoring high-dimensional multistage processes becomes crucial to ensure the quality of the final product in modern industry environments. Few statistical process monitoring(SPC) approaches for monitoring and contro...Monitoring high-dimensional multistage processes becomes crucial to ensure the quality of the final product in modern industry environments. Few statistical process monitoring(SPC) approaches for monitoring and controlling quality in highdimensional multistage processes are studied. We propose a deviance residual-based multivariate exponentially weighted moving average(MEWMA) control chart with a variable selection procedure. We demonstrate that it outperforms the existing multivariate SPC charts in terms of out-of-control average run length(ARL) for the detection of process mean shift.展开更多
Background Transradial coronary procedure （TRP） traumatizes the radial artery （RA）, especially resulting in changes to arterial wall morphology. This study explored the significance of the early onset of traumatic...Background Transradial coronary procedure （TRP） traumatizes the radial artery （RA）, especially resulting in changes to arterial wall morphology. This study explored the significance of the early onset of traumatic effects to wall layers of the RA following the first TRP （FTRP） and repeat TRP （RTRP） using very-high-frequency ultrabiomicroscopy （VHFUBM）. Methods A total of 1431 patients that re- ceived TRP were divided into the FTRP group that comprised 781 patients and the RTRP group that comprised 650 patients depending on the number of procedures. Two-dimensional RA images were acquired by 30-55 MHz ultrasound one day before and one day after the pro- cedure. Results After TRP, the incidence of intimal tears, medial dissections and external elastic lamina fracture were greater in the RTRP （P 〈 0.001）. The RTRP group showed significantly thicker intimal thickness （IT）, media thickness （MT）, adventitia thickness and all complex layer thicknesses as compared with the FTRP group （P 〈 0.001）. Conclusions Multivariate linear regression analysis discovered that repeated TRP and other observations were independent predictors of increased IT in post-operative RA. VHFUBM provides an approach to study structural and histopathological injury in the wall layers of RA which showed increased trauma to the RA following RTRP.展开更多
Cloud computing infrastructure has been evolving as a cost-effective platform for providing computational resources in the form of high-performance computing as a service(HPCaaS)to users for executing HPC applications...Cloud computing infrastructure has been evolving as a cost-effective platform for providing computational resources in the form of high-performance computing as a service(HPCaaS)to users for executing HPC applications.However,the broader use of the Cloud services,the rapid increase in the size,and the capacity of Cloud data centers bring a remarkable rise in energy consumption leading to a significant rise in the system provider expenses and carbon emissions in the environment.Besides this,users have become more demanding in terms of Quality-of-service(QoS)expectations in terms of execution time,budget cost,utilization,and makespan.This situation calls for the design of task scheduling policy,which ensures efficient task sequencing and allocation of computing resources to tasks to meet the trade-off between QoS promises and service provider requirements.Moreover,the task scheduling in the Cloud is a prevalent NP-Hard problem.Motivated by these concerns,this paper introduces and implements a QoS-aware Energy-Efficient Scheduling policy called as CSPSO,for scheduling tasks in Cloud systems to reduce the energy consumption of cloud resources and minimize the makespan of workload.The proposed multi-objective CSPSO policy hybridizes the search qualities of two robust metaheuristics viz.cuckoo search(CS)and particle swarm optimization(PSO)to overcome the slow convergence and lack of diversity of standard CS algorithm.A fitness-aware resource allocation(FARA)heuristic was developed and used by the proposed policy to allocate resources to tasks efficiently.A velocity update mechanism for cuckoo individuals is designed and incorporated in the proposed CSPSO policy.Further,the proposed scheduling policy has been implemented in the CloudSim simulator and tested with real supercomputing workload traces.The comparative analysis validated that the proposed scheduling policy can produce efficient schedules with better performance over other well-known heuristics and meta-heuristics scheduling policies.展开更多
The present study aimed to clarify the current status and awareness of psychological preparation for children undergoing medical procedures in pediatric nursing in Japan as compared with that in Germany. An original q...The present study aimed to clarify the current status and awareness of psychological preparation for children undergoing medical procedures in pediatric nursing in Japan as compared with that in Germany. An original questionnaire about the current status and awareness of psychological preparation for children in hospitals was distributed by mail to nurses’ working on Japanese pediatric wards in 2010. The same questionnaire, translated into German, was distributed to nurses working on German pediatric wards via the internet in 2010. A large majority of respondents strongly agreed that children have a right to informed consent. German nurses expressed a longer-term viewpoint on the effects of preparation than Japanese nurses. Japanese nurses recognized a greater need for improvement in their duties than German nurses. The results suggest that we should consider our own country’s nursing practices and need for improvement, but also learn from studies of other countries to address each culture and medical situation appropriately.展开更多
Organophosphate esters（OPEs）, used as flame retardants and plasticizers, are widely present in environmental waters. Development of accurate determination methods for trace OPEs in water is urgent for understanding ...Organophosphate esters（OPEs）, used as flame retardants and plasticizers, are widely present in environmental waters. Development of accurate determination methods for trace OPEs in water is urgent for understanding the fate and risk of this class of emerging pollutants. However, the wide use of OPEs in experimental materials results in blank interference, which influences the accuracy of analytical results. In the present work, blank contamination and recovery of pretreatment procedures for analysis of OPEs in water samples were systematically examined for the first time. Blank contaminations were observed in filtration membranes, glass bottles, solid phase extraction cartridges, and nitrogen blowing instruments. These contaminations could be as high as 6.4–64 ng/L per treatment. Different kinds of membranes were compared in terms of contamination levels left after common glassware cleaning, and a special wash procedure was proposed to eliminate the contamination from membranes. Meanwhile, adsorption of highly hydrophobic OPEs on the inside wall of glass bottles was found to be 42.4%–86.1%, which was the primary cause of low recoveries and was significantly reduced by an additional washing step with acetonitrile. This work is expected to provide guidelines for the establishment of analysis methods for OPEs in aqueous samples.展开更多
BACKGROUND Medical robot is a promising surgical tool,but no specific one has been designed for interventional treatment of chronic pain.We developed a computed tomography-image based navigation robot using a new regi...BACKGROUND Medical robot is a promising surgical tool,but no specific one has been designed for interventional treatment of chronic pain.We developed a computed tomography-image based navigation robot using a new registration method with binocular vision.This kind of robot is appropriate for minimal invasive interventional procedures and easy to operate.The feasibility,accuracy and stability of this new robot need to be tested.AIM To assess quantitatively the feasibility,accuracy and stability of the binocularstereo-vision-based navigation robot for minimally invasive interventional procedures.METHODS A box model was designed for assessing the accuracy for targets at different distances.Nine(three sets)lead spheres were embedded in the model as puncture goals.The entry-to-target distances were set 50 mm(short-distance),100 mm(medium-distance)and 150 mm(long-distance).Puncture procedure was repeated three times for each goal.The Euclidian error of each puncture was calculated and statistically analyzed.Three head phantoms were used to explore the clinical feasibility and stability.Three independent operators conducted foramen ovale placement on head phantoms(both sides)by freehand or under the guidance of robot(18 punctures with each method).The operation time,adjustment time and one-time success rate were recorded,and the two guidancemethods were compared.RESULTS On the box model,the mean puncture errors of navigation robot were 1.7±0.9 mm for the short-distance target,2.4±1.0 mm for the moderate target and 4.4±1.4 mm for the long-distance target.On the head phantom,no obvious differences in operation time and adjustment time were found among the three performers(P>0.05).The median adjustment time was significantly less under the guidance of the robot than under free hand.The one-time success rate was significantly higher with the robot(P<0.05).There was no obvious difference in operation time between the two methods(P>0.05).CONCLUSION In the laboratory environment,accuracy of binocular-stereo-vision-based navigation robot is acceptable for target at 100 mm depth or less.Compared with freehand,foramen ovale placement accuracy can be improved with robot guidance.展开更多
BACKGROUND Chronic liver disease(CLD)related thrombocytopenia increases the risk of bleeding and poor prognosis.Many liver disease patients require invasive procedures or surgeries,such as liver biopsy or endoscopic v...BACKGROUND Chronic liver disease(CLD)related thrombocytopenia increases the risk of bleeding and poor prognosis.Many liver disease patients require invasive procedures or surgeries,such as liver biopsy or endoscopic variceal ligation,and most of them have lower platelet counts,which could aggravate the risk of bleeding due to liver dysfunction and coagulation disorders.Unfortunately,there is no defined treatment modality for CLD-induced thrombocytopenia.Recombinant human thrombopoietin(rhTPO)is commonly used to treat primary immune thrombocytopenic purpura and thrombocytopenia caused by solid tumor chemotherapy;however,there are few reports on the use of rhTPO in the treatment of CLD-related thrombocytopenia.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of rhTPO in the treatment of patients with CLDassociated thrombocytopenia undergoing invasive procedures.METHODS All analyses were based on the retrospective collection of clinical data of patients with CLD who were treated in the Department of Infectious Diseases at The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between June 2020 and December 2021.Fifty-nine male and 41 female patients with liver disease were enrolled in this study to assess the changes in platelet counts and parameters before and after the use of rhTPO for thrombocytopenia.Adverse events related to treatment,such as bleeding,thrombosis,and disseminated intravascular coagulation,were also investigated.RESULTS Among the enrolled patients,78(78%)showed a platelet count increase after rhTPO use,while 22(22%)showed no significant change in platelet count.The mean platelet count after rhTPO treatment in all patients was 101.53±81.81×10^(9)/L,which was significantly improved compared to that at baseline(42.88±16.72×10^(9)/L),and this difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).In addition,patients were further divided into three subgroups according to their baseline platelet counts(<30×10^(9)/L,30-50×10^(9)/L,>50×10^(9)/L).Subgroup analyses showed that the median platelet counts after treatment were significantly higher(P<0.001,all).Ninety(90%)patients did not require platelet transfusion partially due to an increase in platelet count after treatment with rhTPO.No serious adverse events related to rhTPO treatment were observed.Overall,rhTPO demonstrated good clinical efficacy for treating CLD-associated thrombocytopenia.CONCLUSION rhTPO can improve platelet count,reduce the risk of bleeding,and decrease the platelet transfusion rate,which may promote the safety of invasive procedures and improve overall survival of patients with CLD.展开更多
文摘Background:We aimed to study physician attitudes toward ultrasound-guided procedures and possible improvements.We hypothesized that the usage of ultrasound in procedures may be limited by a high barrier of entry and that most physicians would choose to adopt software that provides real-time image guidance if accessible.Methods:A voluntary,cross-sectional survey of physicians at a single site was conducted using a five-point Likert scale.Data analysis included both descriptive and inferential statistical analyses and stratified by categorical descriptors,including variables of formal training,years of experience,and specialty of practice.Results:One hundred sixteen physicians responded to the survey.The majority disagreed that there was a steep learning curve(57.5%)and that they need more time to identify structures under ultrasound(85.0%).Overall attitudes were mixed about the use of additional software to improve ease of use,but most(55.4%)had positive opinions toward the addition of real-time 3D reconstruction.Respondents without formal training were significantly more likely to agree that additional software would improve ease of ultrasound-guided procedures(p=0.0389).Radiologists were significantly more likely to perceive a steeper learning curve and less likely to advocate for supplemental software compared to emergency medicine physicians,surgeons,or anesthesiologists.Conclusions:Surveyed physicians demonstrated comfort with ultrasound-guided procedures and a mixed stance toward the use of additional software to assist with procedures.Those without formal training had significantly more positive attitudes toward the use of additional technology to augment ultrasound-guided procedures,suggesting a knowledge gap that may benefit from such technology.
基金funded by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.42225206)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2020YFC1807200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42072299).
文摘Conventional empirical equations for estimating undrained shear strength(s_(u))from piezocone penetration test(CPTu)data,without incorporating soil physical properties,often lack the accuracy and robustness required for geotechnical site investigations.This study introduces a hybrid virus colony search(VCS)algorithm that integrates the standard VCS algorithm with a mutation-based search mechanism to develop high-performance XGBoost learning models to address this limitation.A dataset of 372 seismic CPTu and corresponding soil physical properties data from 26 geotechnical projects in Jiangs_(u)Province,China,was collected for model development.Comparative evaluations demonstrate that the proposed hybrid VCS-XGBoost model exhibits s_(u)perior performance compared to standard meta-heuristic algorithm-based XGBoost models.The res_(u)lts highlight that the consideration of soil physical properties significantly improves the predictive accuracy of s_(u),emphasizing the importance of considering additional soil information beyond CPTu data for accurate s_(u)estimation.
基金Supported by the Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital Fund,China,No.12023C01005.
文摘BACKGROUND Postoperative pulmonary complications(PPCs)are the most common complications following major upper abdominal surgeries,particularly hepatobiliary procedures,and significantly compromise surgical outcomes and patients’quality of life.Although the adoption of laparoscopy has lowered their incidence,PPCs remain a frequent and serious concern after hepatobiliary surgery.Existing research on risk factors specific to hepatobiliary surgeries is limited,particularly regarding the epidemiology and risk factors of PPCs in liver and gallbladder surgeries in China.Therefore,this study aimed to investigate the risk factors for PPCs in a large hepatobiliary center.AIM To identify the incidence and risk factors for PPCs following hepatobiliary surgery based on perioperative variables.METHODS Retrospective data were collected from patients who underwent liver,gallbladder,or pancreatic surgery at a hepatobiliary center in China between May 2023 and December 2023.We retrospectively reviewed comprehensive medical records to extract demographic and hospital admission information for determining PPC incidence.Statistically significant variables were initially screened through univariate analysis,followed by binary logistic regression modeling to identify independent predictors of PPCs.Hospitalization expenditures and duration of stay were further contrasted across the study cohorts.RESULTS This study included 1941 patients who underwent liver,gallbladder,or pancreatic surgery,of whom 78 developed PPCs,resulting in an incidence rate of 4.02%.Logistic regression analysis revealed two independent predictors of PPCs in hepatobiliary surgery patients:Age≥75 year(odds ratio=8.350,95%CI:3.521-19.798,P<0.001)and prolonged anesthesia(odds ratio=1.052,95%CI:1.015-1.091,P=0.006).Patients with PPCs had significantly elevated healthcare resource utilization,including higher total hospitalization costs,increased medication expenses,longer hospital stays,and extended postoperative admissions(all P<0.001).CONCLUSION Age≥75 years and prolonged anesthesia emerged as independent predictors of PPCs following hepatobiliary surgery.These complications were correlated with protracted hospitalization and increased healthcare costs.
文摘Objective: To evaluate the procedures and timing of operation as well as long-term postoperative effect of congenital choledochal cysts (CCC) in adults. Methods: The procedures and timing of operation, effective rate, re-operation rate and incidence of car- cinoma after operation for 70 adult patients with CCC from January 1980 to June 1999 were analyzed retrospectively. Results: The re-operation rate of external drainage was 86% (6/7). The effective rate of internal drain- age was significantly lower than that of cyst resection (3/10 vs 45/49, X^2=20. 94, P<0.001). The re-op- eration rate and incidence of carcinoma of internal drainage were higher than those of cyst resection (5/ 10 vs 3/49, X^2=13. 64, P<0. 001 and 3/10 vs 3/49, X^2=5. 18, P<0. 025). The reoperation rate of e- mergency surgery was higher than that of selective operation (8/10 vs 6/56, X^2=24. 37, P<0.001). Conclusions: External drainage should be the first- aid measure and the therapy of choice on emergency basis. Internal drainage should never be attempted. Cyst resection with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy is recommended as the treatment of choice in selective operation.
文摘In order to promote efficient communication between nurses in Beijing hospitals and foreign patients, EOP (English for Occupational Purposes) courses specifically for nurses are demanded. This paper introduces the main procedures for setting up an EOP course for nurses in Beijing.
基金Project supported by the Outstanding Youth Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research Support Foundation (NKBRSF) of China (No. 2002CB410805) and the Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Germany.
文摘Two procedures were compared for extraction and clean-up of 20organophosphorus and 19 pyrethroid pesticides in sediment to identify the more effective procedurefor groups of pesticides or individual compounds. In Procedure I, methanol/water and n-hexane wereused for extraction, and 1:10 (v/v) dichloromethane in n-hexane and acetone were used as eluents foreluting the analyte through the cartridge, with one evaporating steps on a rotary evaporator andtwo eluting steps on the cartridge. n-hexane/acetone (2:1, v/v) was used for extraction and elutionin Procedure II with one evaporating step on a rotary evaporator and one eluting step on thecartridge. All extractions were performed under an ultrasonic bath and gas chromatography and massspectrometry were utilized for measurements. Procedure II was developed as a rapid, timesaving, lesscostly and safer substitute for Procedure I which was an old method. Procedure II was moreeffective for almost all the organophosphorus pesticides tested and 11of the 19 pyrethroidpesticides, while Procedure I was more appropriate for analysis of 5 pyrethroid pesticides. However,recoveries of most pyrethroid pesticides were fairly low. Thus, further studies should focus onadjustment and formulation of solvents for more efficient extraction and clean-up of pyrethroidpesticides from sediment samples.
文摘Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) is one of the most frequently used image-guided procedures in gastrointestinal endoscopy. Post-ERCP pancreatitis is an important concern, and prophylaxis, cannulation and other related technical procedures have been well documented by endoscopists. In addition, medical radiation exposure is of great concern in the general population because of its rapidly increasing frequency and its potential carcinogenic effects. International organizations and radiological societies have established diagnostic reference levels, which guide proper radiation use and serve as global standards for all procedures that use ionizing radiation. However, data on gastrointestinal fluoroscopic procedures are still lacking because the demand for these procedures has recently increased. In this review, we present the current status of quality indicators for ERCP and the methods for measuring radiation exposure in the clinical setting as the next quality indicator for ERCP. To reduce radiation exposure, knowledge of its adverse effects and the procedures for proper measurement and protection are essential. Additionally, further studies on the factors that affect radiation exposure, exposure management and diagnostic reference levels are necessary. Then, we can discuss how to manage medical radiation use inthese complex fluoroscopic procedures. This knowledge will help us to protect not only patients but also endoscopists and medical staff in the fluoroscopy unit.
文摘Some research results are given in this paper about burnthrough and hydrogen cracking with a flowing chamber and a loop. Many factors including plate thickness, running rate, heat input and so forth have been studied. By experiments it can be found that occurrence of hydrogen cracking can be effectively reduced by properly increasing heat input and using the tempering bead technique.
文摘Damage identification of the offshore floating wind turbine by vibration/dynamic signals is one of the important and new research fields in the Structural Health Monitoring（SHM）. In this paper a new damage identification method is proposed based on meta-heuristic algorithms using the dynamic response of the TLP（Tension-Leg Platform） floating wind turbine structure. The Genetic Algorithms（GA）, Artificial Immune System（AIS）, Particle Swarm Optimization（PSO）, and Artificial Bee Colony（ABC） are chosen for minimizing the object function, defined properly for damage identification purpose. In addition to studying the capability of mentioned algorithms in correctly identifying the damage, the effect of the response type on the results of identification is studied. Also, the results of proposed damage identification are investigated with considering possible uncertainties of the structure. Finally, for evaluating the proposed method in real condition, a 1/100 scaled experimental setup of TLP Floating Wind Turbine（TLPFWT） is provided in a laboratory scale and the proposed damage identification method is applied to the scaled turbine.
基金supported by the Center for Mining,Electro-Mechanical research of Hanoi University of Mining and Geology(HUMG),Hanoi,Vietnamfinancially supported by the Hunan Provincial Department of Education General Project(19C1744)+1 种基金Hunan Province Science Foundation for Youth Scholars of China fund(2018JJ3510)the Innovation-Driven Project of Central South University(2020CX040)。
文摘Blasting is well-known as an effective method for fragmenting or moving rock in open-pit mines.To evaluate the quality of blasting,the size of rock distribution is used as a critical criterion in blasting operations.A high percentage of oversized rocks generated by blasting operations can lead to economic and environmental damage.Therefore,this study proposed four novel intelligent models to predict the size of rock distribution in mine blasting in order to optimize blasting parameters,as well as the efficiency of blasting operation in open mines.Accordingly,a nature-inspired algorithm(i.e.,firefly algorithm-FFA)and different machine learning algorithms(i.e.,gradient boosting machine(GBM),support vector machine(SVM),Gaussian process(GP),and artificial neural network(ANN))were combined for this aim,abbreviated as FFA-GBM,FFA-SVM,FFA-GP,and FFA-ANN,respectively.Subsequently,predicted results from the abovementioned models were compared with each other using three statistical indicators(e.g.,mean absolute error,root-mean-squared error,and correlation coefficient)and color intensity method.For developing and simulating the size of rock in blasting operations,136 blasting events with their images were collected and analyzed by the Split-Desktop software.In which,111 events were randomly selected for the development and optimization of the models.Subsequently,the remaining 25 blasting events were applied to confirm the accuracy of the proposed models.Herein,blast design parameters were regarded as input variables to predict the size of rock in blasting operations.Finally,the obtained results revealed that the FFA is a robust optimization algorithm for estimating rock fragmentation in bench blasting.Among the models developed in this study,FFA-GBM provided the highest accuracy in predicting the size of fragmented rocks.The other techniques(i.e.,FFA-SVM,FFA-GP,and FFA-ANN)yielded lower computational stability and efficiency.Hence,the FFA-GBM model can be used as a powerful and precise soft computing tool that can be applied to practical engineering cases aiming to improve the quality of blasting and rock fragmentation.
文摘AIM： To determine factors affecting the outcome of patients with cirrhosis undergoing surgery and to compare the capacities of the Child-Turcotte-Pugh （CTP） and model for end-stage liver disease （MELD） score to predict that outcome. METHODS： We reviewed the charts of 195 patients with cirrhosis who underwent surgery at two teaching hospitals over a five-year period. The combined endpoint of death or hepatic decompensation was considered to be the primary endpoint. RESULTS： Patients who reached the endpoint had a higher MELD score, a higher CTP score and were more likely to have undergone an urgent procedure. Among patients undergoing elective surgical procedures, no statistically significant difference was noted in the mean MELD （12.8 ＋ 3.9 vs 12.6 ＋ 4.7, P = 0.9） or in the mean CTP （7.6 ± 1.2 vs 7.7 ± 1.7, P = 0.8） between patients who reached the endpoint and those who did not. Both mean scores were higher in the patients reaching the endpoint in the case of urgent procedures （MELD： 22.4 ± 8.7 vs 15.2 ± 6.4, P = 0.0007; CTP： 9.9 ± 1.8 vs 8.5 ± 1.8, P = 0.008）. The performances of the MELD and CTP scores in predicting the outcome of urgent surgery were only fair, without a significant difference between them （AUC = 0.755 ± 0.066 for MELD vs AUC = 0.696 ± 0.070 for CTP, P = 0.3）. CONCLUSION： The CTP and MELD scores performed equally, but only fairly in predicting the outcome of urgent surgical procedures. Larger studies are needed to better define the factors capable of predicting the outcome of elective surgical procedures in patients with cirrhosis.equally, but only fairly in predicting the outcome of urgent surgical procedures. Larger studies are needed to better define the factors capable of predicting the outcome of elective surgical procedures in patients with cirrhosis.
文摘Objective To investigate the changes of perioperative serum levels of interleukin-6(IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and cortisol, as well as gastric intramucosal pH (pHi) and plasma lactate, aiming to compare systemic changes and tissue perfusion during colorectal and orthopaedic surgical procedures. Methods Twenty patients were randomly assigned to two groups, 10 cases of operation on vertebral canal, 10 cases of colorectal radical operation.Venous blood was drawn at 1 day before operation, 2, 4, and 6 hours following skin incision, and 1 day after operation, in order to measure serum IL-6, CRP, and cortisol.pHi and plasma lactate were also measured at the same time points.Results Serum concentrations of IL-6 and cortisol increased gradually following operation, reaching the peak value at 6 hours from the beginning of operation.CRP was not detectable until the first day after operation.Peak concentration of IL-6 had positive relationship with CRP.These variables changed more significantly in colorectal group than that in orthopaedic group (P<0.05).pHi decreased gradually, reaching the lowest level at 4 hours from the beginning of operation, and to more extent in colorectal group than that in orthopaedic group (P<0.05).Conclusion IL-6 may reflect tissue damage more sensitively than CRP.Colorectal surgery might induce systemic disorder to more extent, in terms of immuno-endocrinal aspect as well as tissue perfusion, reflected with pHi.
基金supported by the Qatar National Research Fund(NPRP5-364-2-142NPRP7-1040-2-293)
文摘Monitoring high-dimensional multistage processes becomes crucial to ensure the quality of the final product in modern industry environments. Few statistical process monitoring(SPC) approaches for monitoring and controlling quality in highdimensional multistage processes are studied. We propose a deviance residual-based multivariate exponentially weighted moving average(MEWMA) control chart with a variable selection procedure. We demonstrate that it outperforms the existing multivariate SPC charts in terms of out-of-control average run length(ARL) for the detection of process mean shift.
文摘Background Transradial coronary procedure （TRP） traumatizes the radial artery （RA）, especially resulting in changes to arterial wall morphology. This study explored the significance of the early onset of traumatic effects to wall layers of the RA following the first TRP （FTRP） and repeat TRP （RTRP） using very-high-frequency ultrabiomicroscopy （VHFUBM）. Methods A total of 1431 patients that re- ceived TRP were divided into the FTRP group that comprised 781 patients and the RTRP group that comprised 650 patients depending on the number of procedures. Two-dimensional RA images were acquired by 30-55 MHz ultrasound one day before and one day after the pro- cedure. Results After TRP, the incidence of intimal tears, medial dissections and external elastic lamina fracture were greater in the RTRP （P 〈 0.001）. The RTRP group showed significantly thicker intimal thickness （IT）, media thickness （MT）, adventitia thickness and all complex layer thicknesses as compared with the FTRP group （P 〈 0.001）. Conclusions Multivariate linear regression analysis discovered that repeated TRP and other observations were independent predictors of increased IT in post-operative RA. VHFUBM provides an approach to study structural and histopathological injury in the wall layers of RA which showed increased trauma to the RA following RTRP.
文摘Cloud computing infrastructure has been evolving as a cost-effective platform for providing computational resources in the form of high-performance computing as a service(HPCaaS)to users for executing HPC applications.However,the broader use of the Cloud services,the rapid increase in the size,and the capacity of Cloud data centers bring a remarkable rise in energy consumption leading to a significant rise in the system provider expenses and carbon emissions in the environment.Besides this,users have become more demanding in terms of Quality-of-service(QoS)expectations in terms of execution time,budget cost,utilization,and makespan.This situation calls for the design of task scheduling policy,which ensures efficient task sequencing and allocation of computing resources to tasks to meet the trade-off between QoS promises and service provider requirements.Moreover,the task scheduling in the Cloud is a prevalent NP-Hard problem.Motivated by these concerns,this paper introduces and implements a QoS-aware Energy-Efficient Scheduling policy called as CSPSO,for scheduling tasks in Cloud systems to reduce the energy consumption of cloud resources and minimize the makespan of workload.The proposed multi-objective CSPSO policy hybridizes the search qualities of two robust metaheuristics viz.cuckoo search(CS)and particle swarm optimization(PSO)to overcome the slow convergence and lack of diversity of standard CS algorithm.A fitness-aware resource allocation(FARA)heuristic was developed and used by the proposed policy to allocate resources to tasks efficiently.A velocity update mechanism for cuckoo individuals is designed and incorporated in the proposed CSPSO policy.Further,the proposed scheduling policy has been implemented in the CloudSim simulator and tested with real supercomputing workload traces.The comparative analysis validated that the proposed scheduling policy can produce efficient schedules with better performance over other well-known heuristics and meta-heuristics scheduling policies.
文摘The present study aimed to clarify the current status and awareness of psychological preparation for children undergoing medical procedures in pediatric nursing in Japan as compared with that in Germany. An original questionnaire about the current status and awareness of psychological preparation for children in hospitals was distributed by mail to nurses’ working on Japanese pediatric wards in 2010. The same questionnaire, translated into German, was distributed to nurses working on German pediatric wards via the internet in 2010. A large majority of respondents strongly agreed that children have a right to informed consent. German nurses expressed a longer-term viewpoint on the effects of preparation than Japanese nurses. Japanese nurses recognized a greater need for improvement in their duties than German nurses. The results suggest that we should consider our own country’s nursing practices and need for improvement, but also learn from studies of other countries to address each culture and medical situation appropriately.
基金financially supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (No.2013AA065201)Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nos.XDB14020101, YSW2013A01, YSW2013B01)
文摘Organophosphate esters（OPEs）, used as flame retardants and plasticizers, are widely present in environmental waters. Development of accurate determination methods for trace OPEs in water is urgent for understanding the fate and risk of this class of emerging pollutants. However, the wide use of OPEs in experimental materials results in blank interference, which influences the accuracy of analytical results. In the present work, blank contamination and recovery of pretreatment procedures for analysis of OPEs in water samples were systematically examined for the first time. Blank contaminations were observed in filtration membranes, glass bottles, solid phase extraction cartridges, and nitrogen blowing instruments. These contaminations could be as high as 6.4–64 ng/L per treatment. Different kinds of membranes were compared in terms of contamination levels left after common glassware cleaning, and a special wash procedure was proposed to eliminate the contamination from membranes. Meanwhile, adsorption of highly hydrophobic OPEs on the inside wall of glass bottles was found to be 42.4%–86.1%, which was the primary cause of low recoveries and was significantly reduced by an additional washing step with acetonitrile. This work is expected to provide guidelines for the establishment of analysis methods for OPEs in aqueous samples.
基金Supported by Jiangsu Provincial Department of Science and Technology,No.BE2017603 and No.BE2017675。
文摘BACKGROUND Medical robot is a promising surgical tool,but no specific one has been designed for interventional treatment of chronic pain.We developed a computed tomography-image based navigation robot using a new registration method with binocular vision.This kind of robot is appropriate for minimal invasive interventional procedures and easy to operate.The feasibility,accuracy and stability of this new robot need to be tested.AIM To assess quantitatively the feasibility,accuracy and stability of the binocularstereo-vision-based navigation robot for minimally invasive interventional procedures.METHODS A box model was designed for assessing the accuracy for targets at different distances.Nine(three sets)lead spheres were embedded in the model as puncture goals.The entry-to-target distances were set 50 mm(short-distance),100 mm(medium-distance)and 150 mm(long-distance).Puncture procedure was repeated three times for each goal.The Euclidian error of each puncture was calculated and statistically analyzed.Three head phantoms were used to explore the clinical feasibility and stability.Three independent operators conducted foramen ovale placement on head phantoms(both sides)by freehand or under the guidance of robot(18 punctures with each method).The operation time,adjustment time and one-time success rate were recorded,and the two guidancemethods were compared.RESULTS On the box model,the mean puncture errors of navigation robot were 1.7±0.9 mm for the short-distance target,2.4±1.0 mm for the moderate target and 4.4±1.4 mm for the long-distance target.On the head phantom,no obvious differences in operation time and adjustment time were found among the three performers(P>0.05).The median adjustment time was significantly less under the guidance of the robot than under free hand.The one-time success rate was significantly higher with the robot(P<0.05).There was no obvious difference in operation time between the two methods(P>0.05).CONCLUSION In the laboratory environment,accuracy of binocular-stereo-vision-based navigation robot is acceptable for target at 100 mm depth or less.Compared with freehand,foramen ovale placement accuracy can be improved with robot guidance.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Development Plan of Suzhou,Jiangsu Province,China,No.SYS2020009.
文摘BACKGROUND Chronic liver disease(CLD)related thrombocytopenia increases the risk of bleeding and poor prognosis.Many liver disease patients require invasive procedures or surgeries,such as liver biopsy or endoscopic variceal ligation,and most of them have lower platelet counts,which could aggravate the risk of bleeding due to liver dysfunction and coagulation disorders.Unfortunately,there is no defined treatment modality for CLD-induced thrombocytopenia.Recombinant human thrombopoietin(rhTPO)is commonly used to treat primary immune thrombocytopenic purpura and thrombocytopenia caused by solid tumor chemotherapy;however,there are few reports on the use of rhTPO in the treatment of CLD-related thrombocytopenia.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of rhTPO in the treatment of patients with CLDassociated thrombocytopenia undergoing invasive procedures.METHODS All analyses were based on the retrospective collection of clinical data of patients with CLD who were treated in the Department of Infectious Diseases at The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between June 2020 and December 2021.Fifty-nine male and 41 female patients with liver disease were enrolled in this study to assess the changes in platelet counts and parameters before and after the use of rhTPO for thrombocytopenia.Adverse events related to treatment,such as bleeding,thrombosis,and disseminated intravascular coagulation,were also investigated.RESULTS Among the enrolled patients,78(78%)showed a platelet count increase after rhTPO use,while 22(22%)showed no significant change in platelet count.The mean platelet count after rhTPO treatment in all patients was 101.53±81.81×10^(9)/L,which was significantly improved compared to that at baseline(42.88±16.72×10^(9)/L),and this difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).In addition,patients were further divided into three subgroups according to their baseline platelet counts(<30×10^(9)/L,30-50×10^(9)/L,>50×10^(9)/L).Subgroup analyses showed that the median platelet counts after treatment were significantly higher(P<0.001,all).Ninety(90%)patients did not require platelet transfusion partially due to an increase in platelet count after treatment with rhTPO.No serious adverse events related to rhTPO treatment were observed.Overall,rhTPO demonstrated good clinical efficacy for treating CLD-associated thrombocytopenia.CONCLUSION rhTPO can improve platelet count,reduce the risk of bleeding,and decrease the platelet transfusion rate,which may promote the safety of invasive procedures and improve overall survival of patients with CLD.
