Objective:To determine fruit characteristics,fatty acid profile and total antioxidant capacitiy of first cultured Mespilus germanica L.Methods:A total of 15 fruits were taken randomly from four directions of adult tre...Objective:To determine fruit characteristics,fatty acid profile and total antioxidant capacitiy of first cultured Mespilus germanica L.Methods:A total of 15 fruits were taken randomly from four directions of adult trees.Then the physical and chemical properties of first cultured medlar fruit(Istanbul/Turkey)were measured by using refractometer,colorimeter,spectrophotometer and gas chromatograph mass spectrometer,respectivly.Results:In the fruit studied,the results showed that palmitic acid,stearic acid,oleic acid,linoleic acid,linolenic acid,arachidic acid and behenic acid were the most abundant fatty acids(FAs),and the main FA was palmitic acid[(35.35±1.20)%].The percentage of linoleic acid and stearic acid in this fruit oil were(29.10±1.70)%and(8.53±0.25)%,respectively.As a result of the analysis,the total antioxidant capacity of medlar fruit was(1.1±0.2)mmol trolox equivalents/L.Conclusions:The present study has demonstrated the concentrations of FAs and the antioxidantive capacity of first cultured Istanbul medlar fruits by using many tested methods.It is proved that in our daily life,medlar fruit plays a significant role with its nutrition and health effect.展开更多
Alzheimer＇s disease（AD） is associated with oxidative stress, and ultimately results in cognitive deficit. Despite existing literature on the pathophysiology of AD, there is currently no cure for AD. The present stu...Alzheimer＇s disease（AD） is associated with oxidative stress, and ultimately results in cognitive deficit. Despite existing literature on the pathophysiology of AD, there is currently no cure for AD. The present study investigated the effects of kaempferol（Kmp） isolated from the extract of Mespilus germanica L.（medlar） leaves on cognitive impairment, hippocampal antioxidants, apoptosis, lipid peroxidation and neuro-inflammation markers in ovariectomized（OVX） rat models of sporadic AD. Kaempferol, as the main flavonoid of medlar extract has been previously known for anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-neurotoxic effects. Thirty-two female Wistar rats were ovariectomized, and randomly divided into four groups： sham, OVX ＋ saline, OVX ＋ streptozotocin（STZ） ＋ saline, OVX ＋ STZ ＋ Kmp. Animals received intracerebroventricular injection of STZ（3 mg/kg, twice with one day interval） to establish models of sporadic AD. Intraperitoneal injection of Kmp（10 mg/kg） for 21 days was performed in the OVX ＋ STZ ＋ Kmp group. Spatial learning and memory of rats were evaluated using a Morris water maze. Finally, brain homogenates were used for biochemical analysis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results showed a significant improvement in spatial learning and memory as evidenced by shortened escape latency and searching distance in Morris water maze in the OVX ＋ STZ ＋ Kmp group compared with the OVX ＋ STZ group. Kmp also exhibited significant elevations in brain levels of antioxidant enzymes of superoxide dismutase and glutathione, while reduction in tumor necrosis factor-α and malondialdehyde. Our results demonstrate that Kmp is capable of alleviating STZ-induced memory impairment in OVX rats, probably by elevating endogenous hippocampal antioxidants of superoxide dismutase and glutathione, and reducing neuroinflammation. This study suggests that Kmp may be a potential neuroprotective agent against cognitive deficit in AD.展开更多
基金Supported by Süleyman Demirel University,Turkey(Grant No.BAP-2011).
文摘Objective:To determine fruit characteristics,fatty acid profile and total antioxidant capacitiy of first cultured Mespilus germanica L.Methods:A total of 15 fruits were taken randomly from four directions of adult trees.Then the physical and chemical properties of first cultured medlar fruit(Istanbul/Turkey)were measured by using refractometer,colorimeter,spectrophotometer and gas chromatograph mass spectrometer,respectivly.Results:In the fruit studied,the results showed that palmitic acid,stearic acid,oleic acid,linoleic acid,linolenic acid,arachidic acid and behenic acid were the most abundant fatty acids(FAs),and the main FA was palmitic acid[(35.35±1.20)%].The percentage of linoleic acid and stearic acid in this fruit oil were(29.10±1.70)%and(8.53±0.25)%,respectively.As a result of the analysis,the total antioxidant capacity of medlar fruit was(1.1±0.2)mmol trolox equivalents/L.Conclusions:The present study has demonstrated the concentrations of FAs and the antioxidantive capacity of first cultured Istanbul medlar fruits by using many tested methods.It is proved that in our daily life,medlar fruit plays a significant role with its nutrition and health effect.
基金supported by a grant from Research and Technology Chancellor of Guilan University of Medical Sciences,Iran(No.IR.GUMS.REC.1936.51)
文摘Alzheimer＇s disease（AD） is associated with oxidative stress, and ultimately results in cognitive deficit. Despite existing literature on the pathophysiology of AD, there is currently no cure for AD. The present study investigated the effects of kaempferol（Kmp） isolated from the extract of Mespilus germanica L.（medlar） leaves on cognitive impairment, hippocampal antioxidants, apoptosis, lipid peroxidation and neuro-inflammation markers in ovariectomized（OVX） rat models of sporadic AD. Kaempferol, as the main flavonoid of medlar extract has been previously known for anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-neurotoxic effects. Thirty-two female Wistar rats were ovariectomized, and randomly divided into four groups： sham, OVX ＋ saline, OVX ＋ streptozotocin（STZ） ＋ saline, OVX ＋ STZ ＋ Kmp. Animals received intracerebroventricular injection of STZ（3 mg/kg, twice with one day interval） to establish models of sporadic AD. Intraperitoneal injection of Kmp（10 mg/kg） for 21 days was performed in the OVX ＋ STZ ＋ Kmp group. Spatial learning and memory of rats were evaluated using a Morris water maze. Finally, brain homogenates were used for biochemical analysis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results showed a significant improvement in spatial learning and memory as evidenced by shortened escape latency and searching distance in Morris water maze in the OVX ＋ STZ ＋ Kmp group compared with the OVX ＋ STZ group. Kmp also exhibited significant elevations in brain levels of antioxidant enzymes of superoxide dismutase and glutathione, while reduction in tumor necrosis factor-α and malondialdehyde. Our results demonstrate that Kmp is capable of alleviating STZ-induced memory impairment in OVX rats, probably by elevating endogenous hippocampal antioxidants of superoxide dismutase and glutathione, and reducing neuroinflammation. This study suggests that Kmp may be a potential neuroprotective agent against cognitive deficit in AD.
