A simple and accurate high-performance liquid chromatography method （HPLC） was described to generate the metabolite fingerprints of Melilotus. suaveolens Ledeb of different harvesting times and different parts of th...A simple and accurate high-performance liquid chromatography method （HPLC） was described to generate the metabolite fingerprints of Melilotus. suaveolens Ledeb of different harvesting times and different parts of the plant. A suitable ehro- matographic system was established using a linear gradient elution with acetonitrile and 0.1% phosphoric acid （H3PO4） as the mobile phase and a detection wavelength of 210 nm. HPLC analysis identified 12 common peaks and 8 common fingerprint peaks among the different parts of the herb. We found that the constituents varied at different harvesting times and in different parts of the plant. The HPLC fingerprint method could be used to evaluate the quality ofM. suaveolens Ledeb and Melilotus genus herbs. The same strategy can also be applied for the development of fingerprints for the quality control of other herbal medicines.展开更多
To confirm the content and distribution of bioactive components in roots, stems, leaves and grains of Russian Me/i/otus officina/is ＇Sligen 1 ＂, an experiment involving bioactive components detection and field plant...To confirm the content and distribution of bioactive components in roots, stems, leaves and grains of Russian Me/i/otus officina/is ＇Sligen 1 ＂, an experiment involving bioactive components detection and field planting was conducted. Kjeldahl method and high performance gas chromatography were used to detect the protein. The automatic amino acid analyzer was used to detect amino acid. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） and molecular distillation apparatus were used to confirm the fatty acid content. Gravimetric method was used to detect saponin and alkaloid contents. High performance liquid chromatography was used to detect the coumarin content. The polyphenol content was determined by forint reagent colorimetric method. Anthracene copper-sulfuric acid colorimetry was used to detect the polysaccharide, and aluminum nitrate-sodium nitrite-sodium hydroxide col- orimetric method was used to confirm flavone. The results showed that protein and amino acid were mainly distributed in leaves and seeds. The fatty acid was mainly distributed in seeds. The saponin was mainly distributed in roots and leave. The polyphenol was mainly distributed in roots, stems and leaves. The alkaloid was mainly distributed in stems, leaves and seeds. Seeds mainly contained coumarin. M. officinalis had little polysaccharide and flavone. The total production of bioactive in- gredients was 3 016.3 kg/hm2. The output of crude protein, amino acids and fatty acids was 1 400.6, 1 246.8, 112.2, respectively. The yields of effective components saponins, alkaloids, polyphenols and coumarin were 97.0, 77.9, 41.7, 40.1 kg/hm2, respectively. After separation, extraction and purification, those components can be used as the natural ingredients to develop medicine, food, chemical and other biotechnological products.展开更多
In this study, the allelopathic effects of 100 g/L water extract of Melilotus offtcinalis Desr. on seed germination and seedling growth of Melilotus offwinalis Desr., Trifolium pretense L. , Medicago sativa L. cv. Vic...In this study, the allelopathic effects of 100 g/L water extract of Melilotus offtcinalis Desr. on seed germination and seedling growth of Melilotus offwinalis Desr., Trifolium pretense L. , Medicago sativa L. cv. Victoria, Echinochloa crusgalli （ L. ） Beauv., Lxer/s chinensis （ Thunb. ） Nakai and Plantago asiatica L. were investigated by biological assay. Dried powder of Melilotus officinalis Desr. was applied to the field in spring and winter to verify the inhibitory effects of Me- lilotus officinalis Desr. on weed biomass in the experimental field and compare the effects between Melilotus offwinalis Desr. and a variety of commonly used chemi- cal herbicides on weed suppression. The results showed that water extract of Melilotm officinalis Desr. posed significant effects on seed germination and seedling growth of Trifolium pretense L. , Echinochloa crusgalli （ L. ） Beauv. , Lxeris chinensis （ Thunb. ） Nakm, Plantago asiatica L. , Melilotus o^tcinalis Desr. and Medi- cago sativa L. cv. Victoria, exhibiting strong allelopathic effects, but the inhibition rate varied greatly among different plant species. Therefore, the allelopathic effects of Melilotus o^winalis Desr. should be utilized appropriately in practical applieatians. Dried powder of Melilotus officinalis Desr. significantly reduced weed quantity in the field for a short duration, which should be administered multiple times in a sufficient amount for weed control in the production.展开更多
To improve the serious situation of soil degradation in China, tests were carried out to study the improvement effects of Russian Melilotus officinalis on the low base saturation acid soil, the alkaline-saline soil an...To improve the serious situation of soil degradation in China, tests were carried out to study the improvement effects of Russian Melilotus officinalis on the low base saturation acid soil, the alkaline-saline soil and the heavy metal contaminated soil. The results showed that M. officinalis could improve the low base saturation acid soil, increase the salt, alkali content, mineral nutrition and organic nutrient, which indicated that M. officinalis could be planted in the acid soil, and had a significant ecological effect on soil improvement. M. officinalis achieved a remarkable effect on improving the alkaline-saline soil （pH 8.5-9.5） that the soil desalted, dealkalized and had more organic nutrient. Moreover, M. officinalis could improve the heavy metal contaminated soil and had the ability to enrich and transform heavy metal elements, especially Cd and Ni, thereby presenting significant repair effects on soil improvement. Therefore, Russian M. officinalis had multiple-effects on degraded soil improvement, so it is worthy of application and popularization.展开更多
In view of Melilotus officinalis having high protein content and significant effect on improving saline alkali soil,a comprehensive experiment about improving saline alkali soil by planting M.officinalis was carried o...In view of Melilotus officinalis having high protein content and significant effect on improving saline alkali soil,a comprehensive experiment about improving saline alkali soil by planting M.officinalis was carried out to study its effects of potential equivalent land and equivalent grain.The results showed that the forage yield was 80 000 kg/hm^2 in the degraded grassland field( average pH of 9.06) after planting M.officinalis.The forage had a crude protein content of 17.50%,so the total content of crude protein was 1 400.64 kg/hm^2,which was equal to 15.562 t of corns produced from 3.557 hm^2 of medium-quality arable lands.Similarly,it was equal to 3.573 t of soybeans produced in 1.786 hm^2 of medium-quality arable lands.Therefore,based on such principle,the comprehensive development of creatures-soil system can acquire the equivalent land and equivalent grain resources.展开更多
Background Coumarins are toxic phytochemicals found in a variety of plants and are known to limit microbial degradation and interfere with nutrient cycling.While the degradation of coumarins by fungi has been studied ...Background Coumarins are toxic phytochemicals found in a variety of plants and are known to limit microbial degradation and interfere with nutrient cycling.While the degradation of coumarins by fungi has been studied in an environmental context,little is known about their degradation in the gastrointestinal system of herbivores after ingestion.Results In this study,we investigated in vitro fermentation by microbial enrichment,transcriptome sequencing,and high-resolution mass spectrometry to evaluate the ability of rumen anaerobic fungi to degrade coumarins.The results showed that despite the low abundance of anaerobic fungi in the rumen microbiota,they were able to effectively degrade coumarins.Specifically,Pecoramyces ruminantium F1 could tolerate coumarin concentrations up to 3 mmol/L and degrade it efficiently via metabolic pathways involving alpha/beta hydrolases and NAD(P)H oxidoreductases within the late growth phase.The fungus metabolized coumarin to less toxic compounds,including o-coumaric acid and melilotic acid,highlighting the detoxification potential of anaerobic fungi.Conclusions This study is the first to demonstrate the ability of rumen anaerobic fungi to degrade coumarin,providing new insights into the use of anaerobic fungi in sustainable agricultural practices and environmental detoxification strategies.展开更多
Background Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb （M. suaveolens Ledeb） has long been used as a folk medicine in inflammation-related therapy. This study was undertaken to determine the anti-inflammatory effect of the plant. Me...Background Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb （M. suaveolens Ledeb） has long been used as a folk medicine in inflammation-related therapy. This study was undertaken to determine the anti-inflammatory effect of the plant. Methods Petroleum ether fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, n-butanol fraction, aqueous fraction were obtained from ethanol extract of M. suaveolens Ledeb and evaluated by high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. While dexamethasone （DM） was used as a positive control, the effects of different solution fractions of ethanol extract on tumor necrosis factor α （TNF-α） mRNA, cyclooxygenase 2 （COX-2） mRNA, COX-2 and nuclear factor KB （NF-KB） of LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were studied by real-time PCR, Westem blot analysis and immunocytochemical assay, respectively. Results Coumarin was one of the main ingredients in different solution fractions of ethanol extract except the aqueous fraction with no inflammatory effect. The petroleum ether fraction, ethyl acetate fraction and n-butanol fraction of ethanol extract could inhibit the production of TNF-α mRNA, COX-2 mRNA and NF-KB to some extent. Conclusions Different solution fractions of ethanol extract from M. suaveolens Ledeb had similar anti-inflammatory effect as did dexamethasone except the aqueous fraction. Coumarin was likely to be essential to the anti-inflammatory effect, and other ingredients might attribute to their different anti-inflammatory effects from the HPLC fingerprint.展开更多
The plant natural product scopolin,a coumarin secondary metabolite,has been extensively exploited in flavor,cosmetic,medicine,and other industrial fields.Melilotus albus,a leguminous rotation crop,contains high concen...The plant natural product scopolin,a coumarin secondary metabolite,has been extensively exploited in flavor,cosmetic,medicine,and other industrial fields.Melilotus albus,a leguminous rotation crop,contains high concentrations of coumarin.The transcriptional regulatory network that controls the flow through the scopolin biosynthesis pipeline in M.albus remains poorly understood.MabHLH11 encodes a basic helix–loop–helix(bHLH)transcription factor whose transcription is positively associated with scopolin accumulation and with the expression of MaMYB4,the bHLH partner of the MYB-bHLH complex.Phylogenetic analysis grouped MabHLH11 in the TRANSPARENT TESTA 8(TT8)clade of the bHLH IIIf subgroup.The MabHLH11 protein contained an MYB-interacting region and physically interacted with MaMYB4 in yeast and tobacco leaves.Co-overexpression of MabHLH11 with MaMYB4 in M.albus additively increased the expression of UDP-glucosyltransferase(MaUGT79)and induced more scopolin accumulation than occurred under the expression of MabHLH11 alone.MabHLH11 directly targeted the promoter of MaUGT79 and the activation of MabHLH11 was strengthened by the presence of MaMYB4.Thus,MaMYB4 enhanced the function of MabHLH11 in upregulating scopolin biosynthesis in M.albus,providing a theoretical basis for scalable production of a high-value plant natural product.展开更多
基金supported by Hubei and Wuhan Engineering Technology Center of Modernization Traditional Chinese Medicine Wuhan Jianmin Pharmacy of TCM Co. Ltd,Wuhan 430054,China.
文摘A simple and accurate high-performance liquid chromatography method （HPLC） was described to generate the metabolite fingerprints of Melilotus. suaveolens Ledeb of different harvesting times and different parts of the plant. A suitable ehro- matographic system was established using a linear gradient elution with acetonitrile and 0.1% phosphoric acid （H3PO4） as the mobile phase and a detection wavelength of 210 nm. HPLC analysis identified 12 common peaks and 8 common fingerprint peaks among the different parts of the herb. We found that the constituents varied at different harvesting times and in different parts of the plant. The HPLC fingerprint method could be used to evaluate the quality ofM. suaveolens Ledeb and Melilotus genus herbs. The same strategy can also be applied for the development of fingerprints for the quality control of other herbal medicines.
文摘To confirm the content and distribution of bioactive components in roots, stems, leaves and grains of Russian Me/i/otus officina/is ＇Sligen 1 ＂, an experiment involving bioactive components detection and field planting was conducted. Kjeldahl method and high performance gas chromatography were used to detect the protein. The automatic amino acid analyzer was used to detect amino acid. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） and molecular distillation apparatus were used to confirm the fatty acid content. Gravimetric method was used to detect saponin and alkaloid contents. High performance liquid chromatography was used to detect the coumarin content. The polyphenol content was determined by forint reagent colorimetric method. Anthracene copper-sulfuric acid colorimetry was used to detect the polysaccharide, and aluminum nitrate-sodium nitrite-sodium hydroxide col- orimetric method was used to confirm flavone. The results showed that protein and amino acid were mainly distributed in leaves and seeds. The fatty acid was mainly distributed in seeds. The saponin was mainly distributed in roots and leave. The polyphenol was mainly distributed in roots, stems and leaves. The alkaloid was mainly distributed in stems, leaves and seeds. Seeds mainly contained coumarin. M. officinalis had little polysaccharide and flavone. The total production of bioactive in- gredients was 3 016.3 kg/hm2. The output of crude protein, amino acids and fatty acids was 1 400.6, 1 246.8, 112.2, respectively. The yields of effective components saponins, alkaloids, polyphenols and coumarin were 97.0, 77.9, 41.7, 40.1 kg/hm2, respectively. After separation, extraction and purification, those components can be used as the natural ingredients to develop medicine, food, chemical and other biotechnological products.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of China(31101764)Natural Science Fund for Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province(11KJB230004)
文摘In this study, the allelopathic effects of 100 g/L water extract of Melilotus offtcinalis Desr. on seed germination and seedling growth of Melilotus offwinalis Desr., Trifolium pretense L. , Medicago sativa L. cv. Victoria, Echinochloa crusgalli （ L. ） Beauv., Lxer/s chinensis （ Thunb. ） Nakai and Plantago asiatica L. were investigated by biological assay. Dried powder of Melilotus officinalis Desr. was applied to the field in spring and winter to verify the inhibitory effects of Me- lilotus officinalis Desr. on weed biomass in the experimental field and compare the effects between Melilotus offwinalis Desr. and a variety of commonly used chemi- cal herbicides on weed suppression. The results showed that water extract of Melilotm officinalis Desr. posed significant effects on seed germination and seedling growth of Trifolium pretense L. , Echinochloa crusgalli （ L. ） Beauv. , Lxeris chinensis （ Thunb. ） Nakm, Plantago asiatica L. , Melilotus o^tcinalis Desr. and Medi- cago sativa L. cv. Victoria, exhibiting strong allelopathic effects, but the inhibition rate varied greatly among different plant species. Therefore, the allelopathic effects of Melilotus o^winalis Desr. should be utilized appropriately in practical applieatians. Dried powder of Melilotus officinalis Desr. significantly reduced weed quantity in the field for a short duration, which should be administered multiple times in a sufficient amount for weed control in the production.
基金Supported by the Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest of China(200903031)the Project of Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province(20070413)
文摘To improve the serious situation of soil degradation in China, tests were carried out to study the improvement effects of Russian Melilotus officinalis on the low base saturation acid soil, the alkaline-saline soil and the heavy metal contaminated soil. The results showed that M. officinalis could improve the low base saturation acid soil, increase the salt, alkali content, mineral nutrition and organic nutrient, which indicated that M. officinalis could be planted in the acid soil, and had a significant ecological effect on soil improvement. M. officinalis achieved a remarkable effect on improving the alkaline-saline soil （pH 8.5-9.5） that the soil desalted, dealkalized and had more organic nutrient. Moreover, M. officinalis could improve the heavy metal contaminated soil and had the ability to enrich and transform heavy metal elements, especially Cd and Ni, thereby presenting significant repair effects on soil improvement. Therefore, Russian M. officinalis had multiple-effects on degraded soil improvement, so it is worthy of application and popularization.
基金Supported by the Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest of China(200903031)
文摘In view of Melilotus officinalis having high protein content and significant effect on improving saline alkali soil,a comprehensive experiment about improving saline alkali soil by planting M.officinalis was carried out to study its effects of potential equivalent land and equivalent grain.The results showed that the forage yield was 80 000 kg/hm^2 in the degraded grassland field( average pH of 9.06) after planting M.officinalis.The forage had a crude protein content of 17.50%,so the total content of crude protein was 1 400.64 kg/hm^2,which was equal to 15.562 t of corns produced from 3.557 hm^2 of medium-quality arable lands.Similarly,it was equal to 3.573 t of soybeans produced in 1.786 hm^2 of medium-quality arable lands.Therefore,based on such principle,the comprehensive development of creatures-soil system can acquire the equivalent land and equivalent grain resources.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFD1300302)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20216 and 32372905)。
文摘Background Coumarins are toxic phytochemicals found in a variety of plants and are known to limit microbial degradation and interfere with nutrient cycling.While the degradation of coumarins by fungi has been studied in an environmental context,little is known about their degradation in the gastrointestinal system of herbivores after ingestion.Results In this study,we investigated in vitro fermentation by microbial enrichment,transcriptome sequencing,and high-resolution mass spectrometry to evaluate the ability of rumen anaerobic fungi to degrade coumarins.The results showed that despite the low abundance of anaerobic fungi in the rumen microbiota,they were able to effectively degrade coumarins.Specifically,Pecoramyces ruminantium F1 could tolerate coumarin concentrations up to 3 mmol/L and degrade it efficiently via metabolic pathways involving alpha/beta hydrolases and NAD(P)H oxidoreductases within the late growth phase.The fungus metabolized coumarin to less toxic compounds,including o-coumaric acid and melilotic acid,highlighting the detoxification potential of anaerobic fungi.Conclusions This study is the first to demonstrate the ability of rumen anaerobic fungi to degrade coumarin,providing new insights into the use of anaerobic fungi in sustainable agricultural practices and environmental detoxification strategies.
文摘Background Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb （M. suaveolens Ledeb） has long been used as a folk medicine in inflammation-related therapy. This study was undertaken to determine the anti-inflammatory effect of the plant. Methods Petroleum ether fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, n-butanol fraction, aqueous fraction were obtained from ethanol extract of M. suaveolens Ledeb and evaluated by high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. While dexamethasone （DM） was used as a positive control, the effects of different solution fractions of ethanol extract on tumor necrosis factor α （TNF-α） mRNA, cyclooxygenase 2 （COX-2） mRNA, COX-2 and nuclear factor KB （NF-KB） of LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were studied by real-time PCR, Westem blot analysis and immunocytochemical assay, respectively. Results Coumarin was one of the main ingredients in different solution fractions of ethanol extract except the aqueous fraction with no inflammatory effect. The petroleum ether fraction, ethyl acetate fraction and n-butanol fraction of ethanol extract could inhibit the production of TNF-α mRNA, COX-2 mRNA and NF-KB to some extent. Conclusions Different solution fractions of ethanol extract from M. suaveolens Ledeb had similar anti-inflammatory effect as did dexamethasone except the aqueous fraction. Coumarin was likely to be essential to the anti-inflammatory effect, and other ingredients might attribute to their different anti-inflammatory effects from the HPLC fingerprint.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32061143035,32271752)Inner Mongolia Seed Industry Science and Technology Innovation Major Demonstration Project(2022JBGS0040)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(lzujbky-2022-ey17).
文摘The plant natural product scopolin,a coumarin secondary metabolite,has been extensively exploited in flavor,cosmetic,medicine,and other industrial fields.Melilotus albus,a leguminous rotation crop,contains high concentrations of coumarin.The transcriptional regulatory network that controls the flow through the scopolin biosynthesis pipeline in M.albus remains poorly understood.MabHLH11 encodes a basic helix–loop–helix(bHLH)transcription factor whose transcription is positively associated with scopolin accumulation and with the expression of MaMYB4,the bHLH partner of the MYB-bHLH complex.Phylogenetic analysis grouped MabHLH11 in the TRANSPARENT TESTA 8(TT8)clade of the bHLH IIIf subgroup.The MabHLH11 protein contained an MYB-interacting region and physically interacted with MaMYB4 in yeast and tobacco leaves.Co-overexpression of MabHLH11 with MaMYB4 in M.albus additively increased the expression of UDP-glucosyltransferase(MaUGT79)and induced more scopolin accumulation than occurred under the expression of MabHLH11 alone.MabHLH11 directly targeted the promoter of MaUGT79 and the activation of MabHLH11 was strengthened by the presence of MaMYB4.Thus,MaMYB4 enhanced the function of MabHLH11 in upregulating scopolin biosynthesis in M.albus,providing a theoretical basis for scalable production of a high-value plant natural product.
