Aging,mitochondria,and neurodegenerative diseases:Aging is often viewed as the buildup of changes that lead to the gradual transformations associated with getting older,along with a rising likelihood of disease and mo...Aging,mitochondria,and neurodegenerative diseases:Aging is often viewed as the buildup of changes that lead to the gradual transformations associated with getting older,along with a rising likelihood of disease and mortality.Although organis m-wide deterioration is observed during aging,organs with high metabolic demand,such as the brain,are more vulnerable.展开更多
Background Increased backfat thickness of sows in early gestation is negative to reproductive performance.Endometrial receptivity is an important determinant of reproductive success,but it is unclear whether the effec...Background Increased backfat thickness of sows in early gestation is negative to reproductive performance.Endometrial receptivity is an important determinant of reproductive success,but it is unclear whether the effect of sow backfat thickness on litter size is associated with endometrial receptivity and whether melatonin treatment may have benefits.The present study seeks to answer these questions through in vitro and in vivo investigations.Results Excessive lipid deposition and lower melatonin levels in the uterus are detrimental to endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation in high backfat thickness sows.In cells treated with melatonin,the MT2/PI3K/LIF axis played a role in reducing lipid accumulation in porcine endometrial epithelium cells and improved endometrial receptivity.Furthermore,we found a reduction of lipids in the uterus after eight weeks of intraperitoneal administration of melatonin to HFD mice.Notably,melatonin treatment caused a significant reduction in the deposition of endometrial collagen,an increase in the number of glands,and repair of the pinopode structure,ultimately improving endometrial receptivity,promoting embryo implantation,and increasing the number of litter size of mice.Conclusions Collectively,the finding reveals the harmful effects of high backfat thickness sows on embryo implantation and highlight the role of melatonin and the MT2/PI3K/LIF axis in improving endometrial receptivity by enhancing metabolism and reducing the levels of uterine lipids in obese animals.展开更多
Background:Due to the widespread use of cell phone devices today,numerous re-search studies have focused on the adverse effects of electromagnetic radiation on human neuropsychological and reproductive systems.In most...Background:Due to the widespread use of cell phone devices today,numerous re-search studies have focused on the adverse effects of electromagnetic radiation on human neuropsychological and reproductive systems.In most studies,oxidative stress has been identified as the primary pathophysiological mechanism underlying the harmful effects of electromagnetic waves.This paper aims to provide a holistic review of the protective effects of melatonin against cell phone-induced electromag-netic waves on various organs.Methods:This study is a systematic review of articles chosen by searching Google Scholar,PubMed,Embase,Scopus,Web of Science,and Science Direct using the key-words‘melatonin’,‘cell phone radiation’,and‘animal model’.The search focused on articles written in English,which were reviewed and evaluated.The PRISMA process was used to review the articles chosen for the study,and the JBI checklist was used to check the quality of the reviewed articles.Results:In the final review of 11 valid quality-checked articles,the effects of me-latonin in the intervention group,the effects of electromagnetic waves in the case group,and the amount of melatonin in the chosen organ,i.e.brain,skin,eyes,testis and the kidney were thoroughly examined.The review showed that electromagnetic waves increase cellular anti-oxidative activity in different tissues such as the brain,the skin,the eyes,the testis,and the kidneys.Melatonin can considerably augment the anti-oxidative system of cells and protect tissues;these measurements were sig-nificantly increased in control groups.Electromagnetic waves can induce tissue atro-phy and cell death in various organs including the brain and the skin and this effect was highly decreased by melatonin.Conclusion:Our review confirms that melatonin effectively protects the organs of an-imal models against electromagnetic waves.In light of this conclusion and the current world-wide use of melatonin,future studies should advance to the stages of human clinical trials.We also recommend that more research in the field of melatonin physi-ology is conducted in order to protect exposed cells from dying and that melatonin should be considered as a pharmaceutical option for treating the complications result-ing from electromagnetic waves in humans.展开更多
AIM:To investigate whether melatonin can ameliorate acute myocardial infarction(AMI)by in⁃hibiting ferroptosis.METHODS:H9C2 cells were cultured in AnaeroPack system with low sugar and serum-free medium for 10 h to con...AIM:To investigate whether melatonin can ameliorate acute myocardial infarction(AMI)by in⁃hibiting ferroptosis.METHODS:H9C2 cells were cultured in AnaeroPack system with low sugar and serum-free medium for 10 h to construct a cell model of AMI.Then cells were treated with melatonin and ferroptosis inducer erastin.The cell activity,reactive oxygen species(ROS),lipid peroxidation,mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP),and ferroptosis related protein expression were detected.A rat model of AMI induced by isoprenaline(ISO)injection was established to evaluate the effects of melatonin,in which the myocardial infarction size,cardiac injury,pathological changes,oxidative stress,iron ion and ferroptosis related protein expression were examined.RESULTS:Melatonin decreased the oxidative stress,lipid peroxidation and expression of ferroptosis protein in cardiomyocytes induced by hypoxia,but these effects could be impeded by the ferroptosis inducer erastin.Furthermore,in vivo experiments,we also found that melatonin im⁃proved the myocardial infarction size,cardiac injury,pathological changes,oxidative stress,and alleviated iron ion accu⁃mulation and ferroptosis.CONCLUSION:The cardioprotective effects of melatonin in AMI are associated with the inhi⁃bition of ferroptosis.展开更多
Yellowing of broccoli is a crucial limiting factor for its commercial value and consumer acceptance during postharvest.In this study,the impacts of exogenous melatonin(MEL)on chlorophyll content and fluorescence,as we...Yellowing of broccoli is a crucial limiting factor for its commercial value and consumer acceptance during postharvest.In this study,the impacts of exogenous melatonin(MEL)on chlorophyll content and fluorescence,as well as ultrastructure and membrane lipid metabolism of chloroplasts in broccoli were investigated during postharvest.The results showed that MEL treatment(200 μmol L^(-1))maintained the chlorophyll content,chloroplast autofluorescence and integral structure,and reduced the level ofserotonin in the chloroplasts in broccoli.Also,MEL treatment inhibited the membrane lipid peroxidation of chloroplasts,as indicated by low levels of superoxide anion(O_(2)^(-)),hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))and malondialdehyde(MDA),and high levels of endogenous MEL.In addition,the stability and fluidity of chloroplast membranes were also better maintained in the treated broccoli via increasing the contents of phosphatidylglyceroland(PG),monogalactosyldiglyceride(MGDG),digalactosyldiglyceride(DGDG)and unsaturated fatty acids as well as decreasing saturated fatty acid content and the activities of lipoxygenase(LOX)and lipase(LPS).Thus,the application of MEL facilitated the maintenance of chloroplast integrity,thus contributing to yellowing postponement and the extension of the storage life of broccoli.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the effects of adenosine triphosphate(ATP)and melatonin,which have antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities,on potential 5-fluorouracil(5-FU)-induced optic nerve damage in rats.METHODS:Twenty-fou...AIM:To investigate the effects of adenosine triphosphate(ATP)and melatonin,which have antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities,on potential 5-fluorouracil(5-FU)-induced optic nerve damage in rats.METHODS:Twenty-four rats were categorized into four groups of six rats:healthy(HG),5-FU(FUG),ATP+5-FU(AFU),and melatonin+5-FU(MFU).ATP(4 mg/kg)and melatonin(10 mg/kg)were administered intraperitoneally and orally,respectively.One hour after ATP and melatonin administration,rats in the AFU,MFU,and FUG were intraperitoneally injected with 5-FU(100 mg/kg).ATP and melatonin were administered once daily for 10d.5-FU was administered at a single dose on days 1,3,and 5 of the experiment.After 10d,the rats were euthanized and optic nerve tissues were extracted.Optic nerve tissues were biochemically and histopathologically examined.RESULTS:ATP and melatonin treatments inhibited the increase in malondialdehyde(MDA)and interleukin-6(IL-6)levels,which were elevated in the FUG.The treatments also prevented the decrease in total glutathione(tGSH)levels and the superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)activities(P<0.001).This inhibition was higher in the ATP group than in the melatonin group(P<0.001).ATP prevented histopathological damage better than melatonin(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:ATP and melatonin have the potential to be used in alleviating 5-FU-induced optic nerve damage.In addition,ATP treatment shows better protective effects than melatonin.展开更多
Objective:To study the antioxidant protective effect and mechanism of melatonin on cyclophosphamide-induced premature ovarian failure model mice.Methods:Six-month sexually mature female Kunming mice were taken for one...Objective:To study the antioxidant protective effect and mechanism of melatonin on cyclophosphamide-induced premature ovarian failure model mice.Methods:Six-month sexually mature female Kunming mice were taken for one week of acclimatization and then randomly divided into a normal group,blank control group,drug control group,ovarian premature aging model group,and melatonin intervention low,medium,and high dose group,with 20 mice in each group.We observed the status and body mass of the mice in each group;observed and monitored the estrous cycle by HE staining;measured the diameter and size of the ovaries and weighed the wet weight of the ovaries;observed the morphological changes of the ovaries by HE staining and counted the developing follicles at all levels;detected the levels of serum estradiol(E2),follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),and luteinizing hormone(LH)by ELISA;measured the levels of serum MDA,SOD,and GSH-PX by antioxidant kit;detected the levels of protein immunoblotting by ELISA;protein immunoblotting(Western blot)to examine the expression of DNA damage-related proteinsγH2AX,p53,and p21 in ovarian tissues.Results:Compared with the control group,mice in the premature ovarian failure model group showed reduced mobility,rough hair,decreased body weight,disorganized estrous cycle,decreased ovarian weight(P<0.05),decreased number of follicles at all levels of development(P<0.05),increased number of atretic follicles(P<0.05),significantly elevated levels of serum FSH and LH,significantly decreased levels of E2(P<0.05),significantly increased levels of serum MDA,significantly lower SOD and GSH-PX levels(P<0.05),and the expression of p53,p21,andγH2AX in ovarian tissues was increased(P<0.05).Compared with the model group of premature ovarian failure,melatonin improved the changes of the above indexes induced by cyclophosphamide-induced premature ovarian failure in mice.Conclusion:Melatonin can improve the changes of motility cycle disorders,abnormal follicular development,and abnormal serum hormone levels induced by cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative stress in mice with premature ovarian failure.At the same time,melatonin can improve the oxidative stress induced by cyclophosphamide and alleviate the role of oxidative stress-induced DNA damage in mouse ovaries by exerting its antioxidant effect.展开更多
Heat stress hinders the growth and productivity of sweetpotato plants,predominantly through oxidative damage to cellular membranes.Therefore,the development of efficient approaches for mitigating heat-related impairme...Heat stress hinders the growth and productivity of sweetpotato plants,predominantly through oxidative damage to cellular membranes.Therefore,the development of efficient approaches for mitigating heat-related impairments is essential for the long-term production of sweetpotatoes.Melatonin has been recognised for its capacity to assist plants in dealing with abiotic stress conditions.This research aimed to investigate how different doses of exogenous melatonin influence heat damage in sweetpotato plants.Heat stress drastically affected shoot and root fresh weight by 31.8 and 44.5%,respectively.This reduction resulted in oxidative stress characterised by increased formation of hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))by 804.4%,superoxide ion(O_(2)^(·-))by 211.5%and malondialdehyde(MDA)by 234.2%.Heat stress also reduced chlorophyll concentration,photosystemⅡefficiency(F_v/F_m)by 15.3%and gaseous exchange.However,pre-treatment with 100μmol L^(-1)melatonin increased growth and reduced oxidative damage to sweetpotato plants under heat stress.In particular,melatonin decreased H_(2)O_(2),O_(2)^(·-)and MDA by 64.8%,42.7%and 38.2%,respectively.Melatonin also mitigated the decline in chlorophyll levels and improved stomatal traits,gaseous exchange and F_(v)/F_(m)(13%).Results suggested that the favorable outcomes of melatonin treatment can be associated with elevated antioxidant enzyme activity and an increase in non-enzymatic antioxidants and osmo-protectants.Overall,these findings indicate that exogenous melatonin can improve heat stress tolerance in sweetpotatoes.This stu dy will assist re searchers in further investigating how melatonin makes sweetpotatoes more resistant to heat stress.展开更多
Melatonin is a multifunctional molecule found in all organisms that has been shown to play a crucial role in plant growth, development, and stress response. Plant melatonin is typically synthesized in organelles terme...Melatonin is a multifunctional molecule found in all organisms that has been shown to play a crucial role in plant growth, development, and stress response. Plant melatonin is typically synthesized in organelles termed chloroplasts, and the mechanisms of its synthesis and metabolic pathways have been extensively studied. Melatonin serves a significant regulatory function in plant growth and development, influencing the morphological and physiological characteristics of plants by modulating biological processes. While studies on plant melatonin receptors are in their early stages compared to studies in animal receptors, the binding mechanism with melatonin is now recognized as the key initiating step that triggers a series of downstream protective effects. This suggests that melatonin in plants may exert its effects through two main modes of target binding. The CAND2/PMTR1 protein binds to melatonin with a high degree of affinity. This binding activates downstream heterotrimeric G proteins, which trigger rapid intracellular signaling cascades. These cascades include activating the MAPK pathway and modulating ion channel activity. This action swiftly regulates stomatal closure in response to physiological processes such as drought stress. Additionally, melatonin has been demonstrated to regulate the plant stress response through two main mechanisms. First, it directly inhibits the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Second, it indirectly influences the stress response pathways. This paper examines plant melatonin from three perspectives: the synthesis pathways of melatonin, its effects on plant growth, and its applications in plants under stress. Finally, the prospects for melatonin study and its applications in plants are discussed.展开更多
The present article reviews the emerging role of melatonin(MT)and the Hippo-Yes-associated protein signaling pathway in periodontal regeneration,high-lighting their potential to delay the aging process of periodontal ...The present article reviews the emerging role of melatonin(MT)and the Hippo-Yes-associated protein signaling pathway in periodontal regeneration,high-lighting their potential to delay the aging process of periodontal ligament stem cells(PDLSCs).Oxidative stress and cellular senescence are major obstacles in regenerative therapies,especially in an aging population.MT,a potent antioxidant,restores the morphology,proliferation,and osteogenic differentiation potential of PDLSCs under oxidative stress conditions.Recent research highlights how MT enhances PDLSC stemness by upregulating Yes-associated protein ex-pression,offering a promising therapeutic strategy to antagonize tissue dege-neration.In addition,the article discusses the growing interest in probiotics as a complementary approach to improve oral microbiota and support tissue regeneration.The integration of MT with traditional and novel therapeutic approaches may pave the way for innovative preventive or active treatments in periodontology,aimed at reducing oxidative stress.Future research needs to focus on translating these findings into clinical applications and promoting a deeper understanding of periodontal regeneration and cellular aging.展开更多
Gallstone disease(cholelithiasis)is a common gastrointestinal(GI)disorder characterized by the accumulation of hardened bile constituents,often leading to complications such as cholecystitis,cholangitis,and pancreatit...Gallstone disease(cholelithiasis)is a common gastrointestinal(GI)disorder characterized by the accumulation of hardened bile constituents,often leading to complications such as cholecystitis,cholangitis,and pancreatitis.Most gallstones are cholesterol-based and form due to bile supersaturation,gallbladder dysm-otility,and inflammation.Current treatment options–such as ursodeoxycholic acid,laparoscopic cholecystectomy,and dietary modifications–have limitations including invasiveness,prolonged duration,side effects,and recurrence risk.Melatonin,a hormone secreted by the pineal gland,has gained attention for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties,as well as its regulatory effects on lipid metabolism and gallbladder motility.Experimental studies suggest that melatonin reduces biliary cholesterol,suppresses oxidative stress,and restores gallbladder muscle function,thereby preventing gallstone formation.It is also present in bile and shown to enhance cholesterol conversion into bile acids and inhibit intestinal cholesterol absorption.Beyond gallstone prevention,melatonin demonstrates protective effects against GI malignancies,including hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma,by regulating mitochondrial function,inhibiting glycolysis,and modulating apoptosis.With a strong safety profile and minimal side effects,melatonin may serve as a promising adjunct or alternative for gallstone management,particularly in patients unfit for surgery.Further clin-ical research is warranted to validate its therapeutic role.展开更多
Horticultural crops suffer massive production losses due to abiotic stress,which is a key limiting factor worldwide.The ability of these crops to withstand such stress has been linked to melatonin,a biomolecule with s...Horticultural crops suffer massive production losses due to abiotic stress,which is a key limiting factor worldwide.The ability of these crops to withstand such stress has been linked to melatonin,a biomolecule with significant roles in both physiological and molecular defense responses.Melatonin is pivotal in enhancing the resilience of horticultural crops to abiotic stress,making it a critical component in their survival strategies.The application of exogenous melatonin improves abiotic stress tolerance by preserving membrane integrity,maintaining redox equilibrium,scavenging reactive oxygen species effectively,activating antioxidant defense mechanisms,and elevating gene expression related to stress responses.Furthermore,the integrated management of melatonin with other phytohormones demonstrates its potential relevance in addressing various stresses across a wide range of horticultural crops.Therefore,it is crucial to elucidate the physiological and molecular processes involving melatonin in abiotic stress in these crops.Here,we discuss current studies on the use of melatonin in horticultural crops in response to abiotic stresses,and explores future research directions and potential applications to enhance the productivity and abiotic stress tolerance of horticultural crops.展开更多
Melatonin(N-Acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine),an endogenously synthesized indoleamine,exerts pleiotropic effects in plant physiology by interacting with other phytohormones,thereby synergistically regulating plant growth,de...Melatonin(N-Acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine),an endogenously synthesized indoleamine,exerts pleiotropic effects in plant physiology by interacting with other phytohormones,thereby synergistically regulating plant growth,development,and stress responses.Recent research has also indicated that melatonin derivatives could be further developed as promising antifungal candidates.Given the significant roles of melatonin,considerable efforts have been devoted to studying its potent functions and underlying mechanisms.This review outlines recent advancements in understanding the roles of melatonin in regulating plant growth and its potential synergistic interactions with pathogens.Additionally,we present our perspectives aimed at elucidating the antifungal mechanisms of melatonin and its derivatives,which could facilitate the development of naturally sourced fungicides and offer innovative strategies for pesticide discovery.展开更多
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer,characterized by aggressive proliferation and metastasis,is a lethal malignancy.The nightly hormone melatonin serves as a rhythm-regulating hormone,and is used to treat different cancers i...BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer,characterized by aggressive proliferation and metastasis,is a lethal malignancy.The nightly hormone melatonin serves as a rhythm-regulating hormone,and is used to treat different cancers including pancreatic cancer.AIM To investigate how melatonin acts against human pancreatic cancer cell lines and analyze the biological processes that cause the observed effects.METHODS Panc-1 and AsPC-1 cells were treated with melatonin.Cell viability was measured using the cell counting kit-8 assay.Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to analyze protein expression levels.Ferroptosis was measured by analyzing lipid reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels;apoptosis was assessed using flow cytometry.RESULTS Melatonin significantly inhibited the viability,colony formation,migration,and invasion of Panc-1 and AsPC-1 cells.Additionally,melatonin activated the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress pathway(protein kinase R-like ER kinase eukaryotic initiation factor 2α-activating transcription factor 4),inhibited glutamine metabolism(alanine-serinecysteine transporter 2-glutaminase 1-glutathione peroxidase 4,alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 2-glutathione peroxidase 4),and promoted ferroptosis in pancreatic cancer cells.Co-treatment with a high melatonin concentration and protein kinase R-like ER kinase agonist(CCT020312)enhanced melatonin-induced ferroptosis in pancreatic cancer cells.Melatonin demonstrated a variety of anticancer effects by inhibiting autophagy.This was achieved through the increased expression of sequestosome-1 and decreased expression of light chain 3.Additionally,melatonin facilitated the promotion of apoptosis.CONCLUSION Melatonin induces ferroptosis in pancreatic cancer cells by activating transcription factor 4-dependent ER stress and inhibiting glutamine metabolism,promotes apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells,and inhibits autophagy,leading to synergistic anticancer effects.展开更多
Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury(HIRI),a major complication in liver surgery and transplantation,is characterized by oxidative stress and an increased inflammatory response.Unfortunately,current strategies for the ...Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury(HIRI),a major complication in liver surgery and transplantation,is characterized by oxidative stress and an increased inflammatory response.Unfortunately,current strategies for the prevention or treatment of HIRI are limited.This study presents CMM,an innovative nanotherapeutic platform that integrates melatonin(Me)within cerium-based metal-organic frameworks(Ce-MOFs).CMM demonstrated outstanding biocompatibility,liver accumulation,catalase and superoxide dismutase activities,along with inflammation regulation.CMM significantly reduced reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation,preserved mitochondrial function,inhibited the BAX/BCL-2 apoptotic pathway,and protected hepatocytes.Furthermore,CMM reprogrammed pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages into anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages by suppressing NF-κB pathway activation,which significantly decreased the secretion of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6.In the HIRI mouse model,CMM demonstrated robust hepatocyte protection and inhibition of inflammation.Additionally,RNA-seq analysis revealed that CMM modulated key inflammatory and antioxidant pathways,including cytokine signaling and glutathione metabolism.These findings underscore the potential of CMM to interrupt the oxidative stress-inflammation feedback loop,indicating its promise as an innovative treatment for HIRI.展开更多
Aim To prepare the sustained release melatonin tablet with HPMC matrix and study its pharmacokinetics and bioavailatility. Methods HPMC was used as matrix to formulate the sustained release tablet. The influences of t...Aim To prepare the sustained release melatonin tablet with HPMC matrix and study its pharmacokinetics and bioavailatility. Methods HPMC was used as matrix to formulate the sustained release tablet. The influences of the size of melatonin, type and amount of HPMC, drug loading, type and amount of additives, and compressing pressure were investigated. Plasma concentration of melatonin in dogs after intravenous injection of two doses and oral administration of sustained release tablets and unmodified release capsules was detected by HPLC using fluorescence detector. Results The drug release from sustained release tablets was influenced by the size of melatonin, type and amount of HPMC, drug loading, and type and amount of additives. Melatonin was found to fit two compartment model after intravenous injection, AUC was proportional to doses, and t(1/2β) of two doses has no significant difference. Relative bioavailability of melatonin sustained release tablet to normal capsule was 83.8%, and absolute bioavailability was 3.75% for sustained release tablet and 4.49% for capsule. Conclusion The melatonin sustained release tablet was well formulated. The absolute bioavilability for oral administration of either sustained release tablet or unmodified release capsule of melatonin was less than 5%. The bioavailability of melatonin sustained release tablet was lower than that of unmodified release capsule, but MRT of sustained release tablet was significantly longer than that of capsule.展开更多
文摘Aging,mitochondria,and neurodegenerative diseases:Aging is often viewed as the buildup of changes that lead to the gradual transformations associated with getting older,along with a rising likelihood of disease and mortality.Although organis m-wide deterioration is observed during aging,organs with high metabolic demand,such as the brain,are more vulnerable.
基金supported by the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-35-PIG)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272847,U22A20516)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFF1000602)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(No.2022ZDLNY01–04)。
文摘Background Increased backfat thickness of sows in early gestation is negative to reproductive performance.Endometrial receptivity is an important determinant of reproductive success,but it is unclear whether the effect of sow backfat thickness on litter size is associated with endometrial receptivity and whether melatonin treatment may have benefits.The present study seeks to answer these questions through in vitro and in vivo investigations.Results Excessive lipid deposition and lower melatonin levels in the uterus are detrimental to endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation in high backfat thickness sows.In cells treated with melatonin,the MT2/PI3K/LIF axis played a role in reducing lipid accumulation in porcine endometrial epithelium cells and improved endometrial receptivity.Furthermore,we found a reduction of lipids in the uterus after eight weeks of intraperitoneal administration of melatonin to HFD mice.Notably,melatonin treatment caused a significant reduction in the deposition of endometrial collagen,an increase in the number of glands,and repair of the pinopode structure,ultimately improving endometrial receptivity,promoting embryo implantation,and increasing the number of litter size of mice.Conclusions Collectively,the finding reveals the harmful effects of high backfat thickness sows on embryo implantation and highlight the role of melatonin and the MT2/PI3K/LIF axis in improving endometrial receptivity by enhancing metabolism and reducing the levels of uterine lipids in obese animals.
基金Deputy for Research and Technology,Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences,Grant/Award Number:4030031。
文摘Background:Due to the widespread use of cell phone devices today,numerous re-search studies have focused on the adverse effects of electromagnetic radiation on human neuropsychological and reproductive systems.In most studies,oxidative stress has been identified as the primary pathophysiological mechanism underlying the harmful effects of electromagnetic waves.This paper aims to provide a holistic review of the protective effects of melatonin against cell phone-induced electromag-netic waves on various organs.Methods:This study is a systematic review of articles chosen by searching Google Scholar,PubMed,Embase,Scopus,Web of Science,and Science Direct using the key-words‘melatonin’,‘cell phone radiation’,and‘animal model’.The search focused on articles written in English,which were reviewed and evaluated.The PRISMA process was used to review the articles chosen for the study,and the JBI checklist was used to check the quality of the reviewed articles.Results:In the final review of 11 valid quality-checked articles,the effects of me-latonin in the intervention group,the effects of electromagnetic waves in the case group,and the amount of melatonin in the chosen organ,i.e.brain,skin,eyes,testis and the kidney were thoroughly examined.The review showed that electromagnetic waves increase cellular anti-oxidative activity in different tissues such as the brain,the skin,the eyes,the testis,and the kidneys.Melatonin can considerably augment the anti-oxidative system of cells and protect tissues;these measurements were sig-nificantly increased in control groups.Electromagnetic waves can induce tissue atro-phy and cell death in various organs including the brain and the skin and this effect was highly decreased by melatonin.Conclusion:Our review confirms that melatonin effectively protects the organs of an-imal models against electromagnetic waves.In light of this conclusion and the current world-wide use of melatonin,future studies should advance to the stages of human clinical trials.We also recommend that more research in the field of melatonin physi-ology is conducted in order to protect exposed cells from dying and that melatonin should be considered as a pharmaceutical option for treating the complications result-ing from electromagnetic waves in humans.
基金Supported by Guangdong Medical Research Foundation(No.A2024382)Guangdong Provincial Bureau of Traditional Chinese Medicine research project(No.20231321)Scientific Research Start Plan of Shunde Hospital,Southern Medical University(No.SRSP2022012,No.SRSP2022016)。
文摘AIM:To investigate whether melatonin can ameliorate acute myocardial infarction(AMI)by in⁃hibiting ferroptosis.METHODS:H9C2 cells were cultured in AnaeroPack system with low sugar and serum-free medium for 10 h to construct a cell model of AMI.Then cells were treated with melatonin and ferroptosis inducer erastin.The cell activity,reactive oxygen species(ROS),lipid peroxidation,mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP),and ferroptosis related protein expression were detected.A rat model of AMI induced by isoprenaline(ISO)injection was established to evaluate the effects of melatonin,in which the myocardial infarction size,cardiac injury,pathological changes,oxidative stress,iron ion and ferroptosis related protein expression were examined.RESULTS:Melatonin decreased the oxidative stress,lipid peroxidation and expression of ferroptosis protein in cardiomyocytes induced by hypoxia,but these effects could be impeded by the ferroptosis inducer erastin.Furthermore,in vivo experiments,we also found that melatonin im⁃proved the myocardial infarction size,cardiac injury,pathological changes,oxidative stress,and alleviated iron ion accu⁃mulation and ferroptosis.CONCLUSION:The cardioprotective effects of melatonin in AMI are associated with the inhi⁃bition of ferroptosis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32372408)the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Youth(Grant No.32102041).
文摘Yellowing of broccoli is a crucial limiting factor for its commercial value and consumer acceptance during postharvest.In this study,the impacts of exogenous melatonin(MEL)on chlorophyll content and fluorescence,as well as ultrastructure and membrane lipid metabolism of chloroplasts in broccoli were investigated during postharvest.The results showed that MEL treatment(200 μmol L^(-1))maintained the chlorophyll content,chloroplast autofluorescence and integral structure,and reduced the level ofserotonin in the chloroplasts in broccoli.Also,MEL treatment inhibited the membrane lipid peroxidation of chloroplasts,as indicated by low levels of superoxide anion(O_(2)^(-)),hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))and malondialdehyde(MDA),and high levels of endogenous MEL.In addition,the stability and fluidity of chloroplast membranes were also better maintained in the treated broccoli via increasing the contents of phosphatidylglyceroland(PG),monogalactosyldiglyceride(MGDG),digalactosyldiglyceride(DGDG)and unsaturated fatty acids as well as decreasing saturated fatty acid content and the activities of lipoxygenase(LOX)and lipase(LPS).Thus,the application of MEL facilitated the maintenance of chloroplast integrity,thus contributing to yellowing postponement and the extension of the storage life of broccoli.
文摘AIM:To investigate the effects of adenosine triphosphate(ATP)and melatonin,which have antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities,on potential 5-fluorouracil(5-FU)-induced optic nerve damage in rats.METHODS:Twenty-four rats were categorized into four groups of six rats:healthy(HG),5-FU(FUG),ATP+5-FU(AFU),and melatonin+5-FU(MFU).ATP(4 mg/kg)and melatonin(10 mg/kg)were administered intraperitoneally and orally,respectively.One hour after ATP and melatonin administration,rats in the AFU,MFU,and FUG were intraperitoneally injected with 5-FU(100 mg/kg).ATP and melatonin were administered once daily for 10d.5-FU was administered at a single dose on days 1,3,and 5 of the experiment.After 10d,the rats were euthanized and optic nerve tissues were extracted.Optic nerve tissues were biochemically and histopathologically examined.RESULTS:ATP and melatonin treatments inhibited the increase in malondialdehyde(MDA)and interleukin-6(IL-6)levels,which were elevated in the FUG.The treatments also prevented the decrease in total glutathione(tGSH)levels and the superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)activities(P<0.001).This inhibition was higher in the ATP group than in the melatonin group(P<0.001).ATP prevented histopathological damage better than melatonin(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:ATP and melatonin have the potential to be used in alleviating 5-FU-induced optic nerve damage.In addition,ATP treatment shows better protective effects than melatonin.
基金2023 Special Project for Serving the National Development Strategy with Basic Scientific Research Fees from Central Universities(No.31920230188)2023 Northwestern Minzu University College-Level Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(No.X202310742289)2024 National College Students’Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(No.202410742005)。
文摘Objective:To study the antioxidant protective effect and mechanism of melatonin on cyclophosphamide-induced premature ovarian failure model mice.Methods:Six-month sexually mature female Kunming mice were taken for one week of acclimatization and then randomly divided into a normal group,blank control group,drug control group,ovarian premature aging model group,and melatonin intervention low,medium,and high dose group,with 20 mice in each group.We observed the status and body mass of the mice in each group;observed and monitored the estrous cycle by HE staining;measured the diameter and size of the ovaries and weighed the wet weight of the ovaries;observed the morphological changes of the ovaries by HE staining and counted the developing follicles at all levels;detected the levels of serum estradiol(E2),follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),and luteinizing hormone(LH)by ELISA;measured the levels of serum MDA,SOD,and GSH-PX by antioxidant kit;detected the levels of protein immunoblotting by ELISA;protein immunoblotting(Western blot)to examine the expression of DNA damage-related proteinsγH2AX,p53,and p21 in ovarian tissues.Results:Compared with the control group,mice in the premature ovarian failure model group showed reduced mobility,rough hair,decreased body weight,disorganized estrous cycle,decreased ovarian weight(P<0.05),decreased number of follicles at all levels of development(P<0.05),increased number of atretic follicles(P<0.05),significantly elevated levels of serum FSH and LH,significantly decreased levels of E2(P<0.05),significantly increased levels of serum MDA,significantly lower SOD and GSH-PX levels(P<0.05),and the expression of p53,p21,andγH2AX in ovarian tissues was increased(P<0.05).Compared with the model group of premature ovarian failure,melatonin improved the changes of the above indexes induced by cyclophosphamide-induced premature ovarian failure in mice.Conclusion:Melatonin can improve the changes of motility cycle disorders,abnormal follicular development,and abnormal serum hormone levels induced by cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative stress in mice with premature ovarian failure.At the same time,melatonin can improve the oxidative stress induced by cyclophosphamide and alleviate the role of oxidative stress-induced DNA damage in mouse ovaries by exerting its antioxidant effect.
基金supported jointly by the earmarked fund for CARS-10-GW2the key research and development program of Hainan Province(Grant No.ZDYF2020226)+1 种基金Collaborative innovation center of Nanfan and high-efficiency tropical agriculture,Hainan University(Grant No.XTCX2022NYC21)funding of Hainan University[Grant No.KYQD(ZR)22123]。
文摘Heat stress hinders the growth and productivity of sweetpotato plants,predominantly through oxidative damage to cellular membranes.Therefore,the development of efficient approaches for mitigating heat-related impairments is essential for the long-term production of sweetpotatoes.Melatonin has been recognised for its capacity to assist plants in dealing with abiotic stress conditions.This research aimed to investigate how different doses of exogenous melatonin influence heat damage in sweetpotato plants.Heat stress drastically affected shoot and root fresh weight by 31.8 and 44.5%,respectively.This reduction resulted in oxidative stress characterised by increased formation of hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))by 804.4%,superoxide ion(O_(2)^(·-))by 211.5%and malondialdehyde(MDA)by 234.2%.Heat stress also reduced chlorophyll concentration,photosystemⅡefficiency(F_v/F_m)by 15.3%and gaseous exchange.However,pre-treatment with 100μmol L^(-1)melatonin increased growth and reduced oxidative damage to sweetpotato plants under heat stress.In particular,melatonin decreased H_(2)O_(2),O_(2)^(·-)and MDA by 64.8%,42.7%and 38.2%,respectively.Melatonin also mitigated the decline in chlorophyll levels and improved stomatal traits,gaseous exchange and F_(v)/F_(m)(13%).Results suggested that the favorable outcomes of melatonin treatment can be associated with elevated antioxidant enzyme activity and an increase in non-enzymatic antioxidants and osmo-protectants.Overall,these findings indicate that exogenous melatonin can improve heat stress tolerance in sweetpotatoes.This stu dy will assist re searchers in further investigating how melatonin makes sweetpotatoes more resistant to heat stress.
基金supported by National College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Train-ing Program(202410376009)Anhui Province College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(S202310376057,S202510376030)+2 种基金Quality Engineering Project of West Anhui University(wxxy2024011)Quality Engineering Project of Anhui Province(2024zybj032)Development of Big Data Integration and Analysis Platform for Traditional Chinese Medicine Genomics(0045025050).
文摘Melatonin is a multifunctional molecule found in all organisms that has been shown to play a crucial role in plant growth, development, and stress response. Plant melatonin is typically synthesized in organelles termed chloroplasts, and the mechanisms of its synthesis and metabolic pathways have been extensively studied. Melatonin serves a significant regulatory function in plant growth and development, influencing the morphological and physiological characteristics of plants by modulating biological processes. While studies on plant melatonin receptors are in their early stages compared to studies in animal receptors, the binding mechanism with melatonin is now recognized as the key initiating step that triggers a series of downstream protective effects. This suggests that melatonin in plants may exert its effects through two main modes of target binding. The CAND2/PMTR1 protein binds to melatonin with a high degree of affinity. This binding activates downstream heterotrimeric G proteins, which trigger rapid intracellular signaling cascades. These cascades include activating the MAPK pathway and modulating ion channel activity. This action swiftly regulates stomatal closure in response to physiological processes such as drought stress. Additionally, melatonin has been demonstrated to regulate the plant stress response through two main mechanisms. First, it directly inhibits the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Second, it indirectly influences the stress response pathways. This paper examines plant melatonin from three perspectives: the synthesis pathways of melatonin, its effects on plant growth, and its applications in plants under stress. Finally, the prospects for melatonin study and its applications in plants are discussed.
文摘The present article reviews the emerging role of melatonin(MT)and the Hippo-Yes-associated protein signaling pathway in periodontal regeneration,high-lighting their potential to delay the aging process of periodontal ligament stem cells(PDLSCs).Oxidative stress and cellular senescence are major obstacles in regenerative therapies,especially in an aging population.MT,a potent antioxidant,restores the morphology,proliferation,and osteogenic differentiation potential of PDLSCs under oxidative stress conditions.Recent research highlights how MT enhances PDLSC stemness by upregulating Yes-associated protein ex-pression,offering a promising therapeutic strategy to antagonize tissue dege-neration.In addition,the article discusses the growing interest in probiotics as a complementary approach to improve oral microbiota and support tissue regeneration.The integration of MT with traditional and novel therapeutic approaches may pave the way for innovative preventive or active treatments in periodontology,aimed at reducing oxidative stress.Future research needs to focus on translating these findings into clinical applications and promoting a deeper understanding of periodontal regeneration and cellular aging.
文摘Gallstone disease(cholelithiasis)is a common gastrointestinal(GI)disorder characterized by the accumulation of hardened bile constituents,often leading to complications such as cholecystitis,cholangitis,and pancreatitis.Most gallstones are cholesterol-based and form due to bile supersaturation,gallbladder dysm-otility,and inflammation.Current treatment options–such as ursodeoxycholic acid,laparoscopic cholecystectomy,and dietary modifications–have limitations including invasiveness,prolonged duration,side effects,and recurrence risk.Melatonin,a hormone secreted by the pineal gland,has gained attention for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties,as well as its regulatory effects on lipid metabolism and gallbladder motility.Experimental studies suggest that melatonin reduces biliary cholesterol,suppresses oxidative stress,and restores gallbladder muscle function,thereby preventing gallstone formation.It is also present in bile and shown to enhance cholesterol conversion into bile acids and inhibit intestinal cholesterol absorption.Beyond gallstone prevention,melatonin demonstrates protective effects against GI malignancies,including hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma,by regulating mitochondrial function,inhibiting glycolysis,and modulating apoptosis.With a strong safety profile and minimal side effects,melatonin may serve as a promising adjunct or alternative for gallstone management,particularly in patients unfit for surgery.Further clin-ical research is warranted to validate its therapeutic role.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32060672)Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia Province(Grant No.2023AAC03070)Central guidance for local scientific and technological development funds(Grant No.2022ZY0106)。
文摘Horticultural crops suffer massive production losses due to abiotic stress,which is a key limiting factor worldwide.The ability of these crops to withstand such stress has been linked to melatonin,a biomolecule with significant roles in both physiological and molecular defense responses.Melatonin is pivotal in enhancing the resilience of horticultural crops to abiotic stress,making it a critical component in their survival strategies.The application of exogenous melatonin improves abiotic stress tolerance by preserving membrane integrity,maintaining redox equilibrium,scavenging reactive oxygen species effectively,activating antioxidant defense mechanisms,and elevating gene expression related to stress responses.Furthermore,the integrated management of melatonin with other phytohormones demonstrates its potential relevance in addressing various stresses across a wide range of horticultural crops.Therefore,it is crucial to elucidate the physiological and molecular processes involving melatonin in abiotic stress in these crops.Here,we discuss current studies on the use of melatonin in horticultural crops in response to abiotic stresses,and explores future research directions and potential applications to enhance the productivity and abiotic stress tolerance of horticultural crops.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22071072,21801086)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(2662022LXYJ001)。
文摘Melatonin(N-Acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine),an endogenously synthesized indoleamine,exerts pleiotropic effects in plant physiology by interacting with other phytohormones,thereby synergistically regulating plant growth,development,and stress responses.Recent research has also indicated that melatonin derivatives could be further developed as promising antifungal candidates.Given the significant roles of melatonin,considerable efforts have been devoted to studying its potent functions and underlying mechanisms.This review outlines recent advancements in understanding the roles of melatonin in regulating plant growth and its potential synergistic interactions with pathogens.Additionally,we present our perspectives aimed at elucidating the antifungal mechanisms of melatonin and its derivatives,which could facilitate the development of naturally sourced fungicides and offer innovative strategies for pesticide discovery.
基金Supported by Jinhua Municipal Science and Technology Bureau,No.2022-4-254.
文摘BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer,characterized by aggressive proliferation and metastasis,is a lethal malignancy.The nightly hormone melatonin serves as a rhythm-regulating hormone,and is used to treat different cancers including pancreatic cancer.AIM To investigate how melatonin acts against human pancreatic cancer cell lines and analyze the biological processes that cause the observed effects.METHODS Panc-1 and AsPC-1 cells were treated with melatonin.Cell viability was measured using the cell counting kit-8 assay.Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to analyze protein expression levels.Ferroptosis was measured by analyzing lipid reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels;apoptosis was assessed using flow cytometry.RESULTS Melatonin significantly inhibited the viability,colony formation,migration,and invasion of Panc-1 and AsPC-1 cells.Additionally,melatonin activated the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress pathway(protein kinase R-like ER kinase eukaryotic initiation factor 2α-activating transcription factor 4),inhibited glutamine metabolism(alanine-serinecysteine transporter 2-glutaminase 1-glutathione peroxidase 4,alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 2-glutathione peroxidase 4),and promoted ferroptosis in pancreatic cancer cells.Co-treatment with a high melatonin concentration and protein kinase R-like ER kinase agonist(CCT020312)enhanced melatonin-induced ferroptosis in pancreatic cancer cells.Melatonin demonstrated a variety of anticancer effects by inhibiting autophagy.This was achieved through the increased expression of sequestosome-1 and decreased expression of light chain 3.Additionally,melatonin facilitated the promotion of apoptosis.CONCLUSION Melatonin induces ferroptosis in pancreatic cancer cells by activating transcription factor 4-dependent ER stress and inhibiting glutamine metabolism,promotes apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells,and inhibits autophagy,leading to synergistic anticancer effects.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82170670)the Medical Science and Technology Program of Henan(No.SB201901045).
文摘Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury(HIRI),a major complication in liver surgery and transplantation,is characterized by oxidative stress and an increased inflammatory response.Unfortunately,current strategies for the prevention or treatment of HIRI are limited.This study presents CMM,an innovative nanotherapeutic platform that integrates melatonin(Me)within cerium-based metal-organic frameworks(Ce-MOFs).CMM demonstrated outstanding biocompatibility,liver accumulation,catalase and superoxide dismutase activities,along with inflammation regulation.CMM significantly reduced reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation,preserved mitochondrial function,inhibited the BAX/BCL-2 apoptotic pathway,and protected hepatocytes.Furthermore,CMM reprogrammed pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages into anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages by suppressing NF-κB pathway activation,which significantly decreased the secretion of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6.In the HIRI mouse model,CMM demonstrated robust hepatocyte protection and inhibition of inflammation.Additionally,RNA-seq analysis revealed that CMM modulated key inflammatory and antioxidant pathways,including cytokine signaling and glutathione metabolism.These findings underscore the potential of CMM to interrupt the oxidative stress-inflammation feedback loop,indicating its promise as an innovative treatment for HIRI.
文摘Aim To prepare the sustained release melatonin tablet with HPMC matrix and study its pharmacokinetics and bioavailatility. Methods HPMC was used as matrix to formulate the sustained release tablet. The influences of the size of melatonin, type and amount of HPMC, drug loading, type and amount of additives, and compressing pressure were investigated. Plasma concentration of melatonin in dogs after intravenous injection of two doses and oral administration of sustained release tablets and unmodified release capsules was detected by HPLC using fluorescence detector. Results The drug release from sustained release tablets was influenced by the size of melatonin, type and amount of HPMC, drug loading, and type and amount of additives. Melatonin was found to fit two compartment model after intravenous injection, AUC was proportional to doses, and t(1/2β) of two doses has no significant difference. Relative bioavailability of melatonin sustained release tablet to normal capsule was 83.8%, and absolute bioavailability was 3.75% for sustained release tablet and 4.49% for capsule. Conclusion The melatonin sustained release tablet was well formulated. The absolute bioavilability for oral administration of either sustained release tablet or unmodified release capsule of melatonin was less than 5%. The bioavailability of melatonin sustained release tablet was lower than that of unmodified release capsule, but MRT of sustained release tablet was significantly longer than that of capsule.
