Cinnamon was a significant commodity in the spice trade along the Silk Road and was popular throughout Asia,Europe,and Africa,where it has been widely used in medicine,religion,and daily life from ancient times to the...Cinnamon was a significant commodity in the spice trade along the Silk Road and was popular throughout Asia,Europe,and Africa,where it has been widely used in medicine,religion,and daily life from ancient times to the present day.This paper examines the ancient literature related to cinnamon from a global perspective,exploring its origins,spread,and medicinal uses documented in various traditional medicine.It aims to uncover the exchange of medicinal knowledge among civilizations along the Silk Road and the contribution of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)to medical practices worldwide.The findings indicate that China and Southeast Asia were the primary sources of cinnamon used in the West during ancient times,with Persian and Arab traders playing a crucial role in its transmission from East to West.The common and unique applications of cinnamon in various medical traditions illustrate the dynamic flow of medicinal knowledge across regions and highlight the distinct strengths and characteristics of traditional medicines shaped by diverse cultural backgrounds.Taking cinnamon as an example,this study demonstrates how the westward spread of traditional Chinese medicines promoted the exchange and integration of medical knowledge among countries along the Silk Road.It contributes to understanding the patterns of medical knowledge dissemination between the ancient East and West,with medicines as the carrier for cultural exchange.展开更多
Objective:To explore multiple relationships in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)knowledge by comparing binary and multiple relationships during knowledge organization.Methods:Characteristics of binary and multiple sem...Objective:To explore multiple relationships in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)knowledge by comparing binary and multiple relationships during knowledge organization.Methods:Characteristics of binary and multiple semantic relationships as well as their associations are described.A method to classify multiple relationships based on the involvement of time is proposed and theoretically validated using examples from the ancient TCM classic Important Formulas Worth a Thousand Gold Pieces.The classification includes parallel multiple relationships,restricted multiple relationships,multiple relationships that involve time,and multiple relationships that involve time restriction.Next,construction of multiple semantic relationships for TCM concepts in each classification using Protege,an ontology editing tool is described.Results:Protege is superior to a binary relationship and less than ideal with multiple relationships during the constitution of concept relationships.Conclusion:When applied in TCM,the semantic relationships constructed by Protege are superior than those constructed by correlation and/or attribute relationships,but less ideal than those constructed by the human cognitive process.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To design a model to capture information on the state and trends of knowledge creation,at both an individual and an organizational level,in order to enhance knowledge management.METHODS:We designed a graph-t...OBJECTIVE:To design a model to capture information on the state and trends of knowledge creation,at both an individual and an organizational level,in order to enhance knowledge management.METHODS:We designed a graph-theoretic knowledge model,the expert knowledge map(EKM),based on literature-based annotation.A case study in the domain of Traditional Chinese Medicine research was used to illustrate the usefulness of the model.RESULTS:The EKM successfully captured various aspects of knowledge and enhanced knowledge management within the case-study organization through the provision of knowledge graphs,expert graphs,and expert-knowledge biography.CONCLUSION:Our model could help to reveal thehot topics,trends,and products of the research done by an organization.It can potentially be used to facilitate knowledge learning,sharing and decision-making among researchers,academicians,students,and administrators of organizations.展开更多
An ethnobotanical study was conducted in East Hararghe, Ethiopia to identify and investigate the use of various plants by the traditional healers and communities engaged in domestic, pesticide and medicinal use. A tot...An ethnobotanical study was conducted in East Hararghe, Ethiopia to identify and investigate the use of various plants by the traditional healers and communities engaged in domestic, pesticide and medicinal use. A total of 78 species were observed to be used by the local inhabitants in the region for the treatments of various ailments. Out of these, herbs constitute 49% followed by trees(36%) and shrubs only 15%. However, most frequently used plant parts were leaf and aerial parts(20) followed by seed(13), fruit(12), other parts(10), rhizome(7) and bark(1). Most of the plants were found to be used for medicinal, aromatic and food flavouring(spices, condiments) purposes. Out of 78 species recorded in the present study, 11 were reported to cure stomachache, seven for cold, cough and respiratory problem, six for diarrhoea and five species were found capable of curing fever. Fabaceae was the largest family contributing to medicinal plant use with seven species followed by Solanaceae, Myrtaceae,(5 spp.), and Zingiberaceae, Asteraceae, Liliaceae(4 spp. each). Some of the important plants utilized for taking care of variety of ailments are Azadirachta indica, Brassica nigra, Balanites aegyptiaca, Maytenus ovatus, Rosmarinus officinalis and Trigonella foenum graecum. Most of these medicinal and aromatic plants(MAPs) play a significant role in the household economy and were observed to be very popular among the people. Unpopular plants were left out of the study. This study provides useful and basic information on usage of different plants for conducting further studies aimed at conservation and documentation of traditional medicine system and economic welfare of rural peoples of the East Hararghe, Ethiopia. It also revealed that indigenous practices contributed to sustainable management of plants.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Disagreement exists regarding the need for knowledge about complementary and integrative health（CIH） strategies, as well as for the need to consider such strategies in clinical nursing practice. OBJECT...BACKGROUND： Disagreement exists regarding the need for knowledge about complementary and integrative health（CIH） strategies, as well as for the need to consider such strategies in clinical nursing practice. OBJECTIVE： This study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude and use of CIH strategies among nurses in Iran. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS： A cross-sectional study of nurses working in two hospitals of Zabol University of Medical Sciences, in southeast Iran, was conducted from October 2014 to April 2015. The questionnaire, developed specifically for this research, was used to assess the knowledge, attitude and use of CIH by nurses. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to interpret the survey responses.RESULTS： Most nurses（n=95, 60.5%） have average knowledge about CIH strategies with most holding a positive attitude about use（n=81, 51.6%）. The majority（n=90, 57.3%） of nurses, however, never applied CIH methods. Where CIH was used, massage was most often clinically applied（n=129, 82.2%） and a large percentage believed it useful for treating illness（n=136, 87.9%）. Other CIH methods commonly used included prayer and herbal medicine.CONCLUSION： Nurses have positive attitudes about CIH though knowledge was typically weak. Educational programs should carefully consider how knowledge about CIH methods could be strengthened within curricula.展开更多
Aquatic medicine knowledge graph is an effective means to realize intelligent aquaculture.Graph completion technology is key to improving the quality of knowledge graph construction.However,the difficulty of semantic ...Aquatic medicine knowledge graph is an effective means to realize intelligent aquaculture.Graph completion technology is key to improving the quality of knowledge graph construction.However,the difficulty of semantic discrimination among similar entities and inconspicuous semantic features result in low accuracy when completing aquatic medicine knowledge graph with complex relationships.In this study,an aquatic medicine knowledge graph completion method(TransH+HConvAM)is proposed.Firstly,TransH is applied to split the vector plane between entities and relations,ameliorating the poor completion effect caused by low semantic resolution of entities.Then,hybrid convolution is introduced to obtain the global interaction of triples based on the complete interaction between head/tail entities and relations,which improves the semantic features of triples and enhances the completion effect of complex relationships in the graph.Experiments are conducted to verify the performance of the proposed method.The MR,MRR and Hit@10 of the TransH+HConvAM are found to be 674,0.339,and 0.361,respectively.This study shows that the model effectively overcomes the poor completion effect of complex relationships and improves the construction quality of the aquatic medicine knowledge graph,providing technical support for intelligent aquaculture.展开更多
In recent years, with the improvement of medical technology, the nursing industry has attracted more and more attention. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) nursing has attracted more and more attention from the public...In recent years, with the improvement of medical technology, the nursing industry has attracted more and more attention. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) nursing has attracted more and more attention from the public due to its excellent nursing effect, including TCM nursing related to gynecology. However, the current status of TCM gynecological care is not optimistic, and the theoretical knowledge reserve of nursing staff on TCM gynecological care is still very weak. The purpose of this paper was to accept the specific concept of TCM gynecological care, briefly describe the current status of the use of theoretical knowledge in TCM gynecological care, and analyze the important role of theoretical knowledge in TCM gynecological care, so as to promote the improvement of TCM gynecological theoretical knowledge for nursing staff, motivate nursing staff to learn TCM gynecological nursing knowledge, cultivate more excellent TCM gynecological nursing talents, and promote Chinese traditional medicine.展开更多
As a crucial component of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the traditional knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine(TKTCM)holds significant value in health care,economy,science and technology,culture,and ecology.How...As a crucial component of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the traditional knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine(TKTCM)holds significant value in health care,economy,science and technology,culture,and ecology.However,it currently faces a dual predicament:misappropriation and unauthorized use by foreign entities,coupled with inadequate preservation and protection domestically.The existing legal framework is incapable of providing comprehensive and systematic protection,making the establishment of a sui generis protection system imperative.This sui generis protection system should address four core issues:defending against foreign misappropriation and bio-piracy,protecting the rights of TKTCM holders while regulating knowledge access and utilization,reconciling the interests of rights holders and broader public interests,and establishing effective integration with the current legal system.Accordingly,we propose that a sui generis protection system for TKTcM should comprise four key mechanisms:a defensive mechanism to block improper foreign patent applications,a rights protection mechanism for knowledge holders,an interest balance mechanism to mediate between holders'rights and societal public interests,and an integrative mechanism to ensure synergy with existing legal frameworks.Through these mechanisms,the system aims to promote the protection,preservation,innovation,and development of TKTcM.展开更多
文摘Cinnamon was a significant commodity in the spice trade along the Silk Road and was popular throughout Asia,Europe,and Africa,where it has been widely used in medicine,religion,and daily life from ancient times to the present day.This paper examines the ancient literature related to cinnamon from a global perspective,exploring its origins,spread,and medicinal uses documented in various traditional medicine.It aims to uncover the exchange of medicinal knowledge among civilizations along the Silk Road and the contribution of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)to medical practices worldwide.The findings indicate that China and Southeast Asia were the primary sources of cinnamon used in the West during ancient times,with Persian and Arab traders playing a crucial role in its transmission from East to West.The common and unique applications of cinnamon in various medical traditions illustrate the dynamic flow of medicinal knowledge across regions and highlight the distinct strengths and characteristics of traditional medicines shaped by diverse cultural backgrounds.Taking cinnamon as an example,this study demonstrates how the westward spread of traditional Chinese medicines promoted the exchange and integration of medical knowledge among countries along the Silk Road.It contributes to understanding the patterns of medical knowledge dissemination between the ancient East and West,with medicines as the carrier for cultural exchange.
文摘Objective:To explore multiple relationships in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)knowledge by comparing binary and multiple relationships during knowledge organization.Methods:Characteristics of binary and multiple semantic relationships as well as their associations are described.A method to classify multiple relationships based on the involvement of time is proposed and theoretically validated using examples from the ancient TCM classic Important Formulas Worth a Thousand Gold Pieces.The classification includes parallel multiple relationships,restricted multiple relationships,multiple relationships that involve time,and multiple relationships that involve time restriction.Next,construction of multiple semantic relationships for TCM concepts in each classification using Protege,an ontology editing tool is described.Results:Protege is superior to a binary relationship and less than ideal with multiple relationships during the constitution of concept relationships.Conclusion:When applied in TCM,the semantic relationships constructed by Protege are superior than those constructed by correlation and/or attribute relationships,but less ideal than those constructed by the human cognitive process.
基金Supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology Support Projects(No.12116BAI14A21)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To design a model to capture information on the state and trends of knowledge creation,at both an individual and an organizational level,in order to enhance knowledge management.METHODS:We designed a graph-theoretic knowledge model,the expert knowledge map(EKM),based on literature-based annotation.A case study in the domain of Traditional Chinese Medicine research was used to illustrate the usefulness of the model.RESULTS:The EKM successfully captured various aspects of knowledge and enhanced knowledge management within the case-study organization through the provision of knowledge graphs,expert graphs,and expert-knowledge biography.CONCLUSION:Our model could help to reveal thehot topics,trends,and products of the research done by an organization.It can potentially be used to facilitate knowledge learning,sharing and decision-making among researchers,academicians,students,and administrators of organizations.
基金the Oromiya region community (local people) for their immense support
文摘An ethnobotanical study was conducted in East Hararghe, Ethiopia to identify and investigate the use of various plants by the traditional healers and communities engaged in domestic, pesticide and medicinal use. A total of 78 species were observed to be used by the local inhabitants in the region for the treatments of various ailments. Out of these, herbs constitute 49% followed by trees(36%) and shrubs only 15%. However, most frequently used plant parts were leaf and aerial parts(20) followed by seed(13), fruit(12), other parts(10), rhizome(7) and bark(1). Most of the plants were found to be used for medicinal, aromatic and food flavouring(spices, condiments) purposes. Out of 78 species recorded in the present study, 11 were reported to cure stomachache, seven for cold, cough and respiratory problem, six for diarrhoea and five species were found capable of curing fever. Fabaceae was the largest family contributing to medicinal plant use with seven species followed by Solanaceae, Myrtaceae,(5 spp.), and Zingiberaceae, Asteraceae, Liliaceae(4 spp. each). Some of the important plants utilized for taking care of variety of ailments are Azadirachta indica, Brassica nigra, Balanites aegyptiaca, Maytenus ovatus, Rosmarinus officinalis and Trigonella foenum graecum. Most of these medicinal and aromatic plants(MAPs) play a significant role in the household economy and were observed to be very popular among the people. Unpopular plants were left out of the study. This study provides useful and basic information on usage of different plants for conducting further studies aimed at conservation and documentation of traditional medicine system and economic welfare of rural peoples of the East Hararghe, Ethiopia. It also revealed that indigenous practices contributed to sustainable management of plants.
文摘BACKGROUND： Disagreement exists regarding the need for knowledge about complementary and integrative health（CIH） strategies, as well as for the need to consider such strategies in clinical nursing practice. OBJECTIVE： This study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude and use of CIH strategies among nurses in Iran. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS： A cross-sectional study of nurses working in two hospitals of Zabol University of Medical Sciences, in southeast Iran, was conducted from October 2014 to April 2015. The questionnaire, developed specifically for this research, was used to assess the knowledge, attitude and use of CIH by nurses. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to interpret the survey responses.RESULTS： Most nurses（n=95, 60.5%） have average knowledge about CIH strategies with most holding a positive attitude about use（n=81, 51.6%）. The majority（n=90, 57.3%） of nurses, however, never applied CIH methods. Where CIH was used, massage was most often clinically applied（n=129, 82.2%） and a large percentage believed it useful for treating illness（n=136, 87.9%）. Other CIH methods commonly used included prayer and herbal medicine.CONCLUSION： Nurses have positive attitudes about CIH though knowledge was typically weak. Educational programs should carefully consider how knowledge about CIH methods could be strengthened within curricula.
基金supported by the Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture(Dalian Ocean University)Ministry of Education(No.2021-MOEKLECA-KF-05)the National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Science(No.61802046)。
文摘Aquatic medicine knowledge graph is an effective means to realize intelligent aquaculture.Graph completion technology is key to improving the quality of knowledge graph construction.However,the difficulty of semantic discrimination among similar entities and inconspicuous semantic features result in low accuracy when completing aquatic medicine knowledge graph with complex relationships.In this study,an aquatic medicine knowledge graph completion method(TransH+HConvAM)is proposed.Firstly,TransH is applied to split the vector plane between entities and relations,ameliorating the poor completion effect caused by low semantic resolution of entities.Then,hybrid convolution is introduced to obtain the global interaction of triples based on the complete interaction between head/tail entities and relations,which improves the semantic features of triples and enhances the completion effect of complex relationships in the graph.Experiments are conducted to verify the performance of the proposed method.The MR,MRR and Hit@10 of the TransH+HConvAM are found to be 674,0.339,and 0.361,respectively.This study shows that the model effectively overcomes the poor completion effect of complex relationships and improves the construction quality of the aquatic medicine knowledge graph,providing technical support for intelligent aquaculture.
文摘In recent years, with the improvement of medical technology, the nursing industry has attracted more and more attention. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) nursing has attracted more and more attention from the public due to its excellent nursing effect, including TCM nursing related to gynecology. However, the current status of TCM gynecological care is not optimistic, and the theoretical knowledge reserve of nursing staff on TCM gynecological care is still very weak. The purpose of this paper was to accept the specific concept of TCM gynecological care, briefly describe the current status of the use of theoretical knowledge in TCM gynecological care, and analyze the important role of theoretical knowledge in TCM gynecological care, so as to promote the improvement of TCM gynecological theoretical knowledge for nursing staff, motivate nursing staff to learn TCM gynecological nursing knowledge, cultivate more excellent TCM gynecological nursing talents, and promote Chinese traditional medicine.
文摘As a crucial component of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the traditional knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine(TKTCM)holds significant value in health care,economy,science and technology,culture,and ecology.However,it currently faces a dual predicament:misappropriation and unauthorized use by foreign entities,coupled with inadequate preservation and protection domestically.The existing legal framework is incapable of providing comprehensive and systematic protection,making the establishment of a sui generis protection system imperative.This sui generis protection system should address four core issues:defending against foreign misappropriation and bio-piracy,protecting the rights of TKTCM holders while regulating knowledge access and utilization,reconciling the interests of rights holders and broader public interests,and establishing effective integration with the current legal system.Accordingly,we propose that a sui generis protection system for TKTcM should comprise four key mechanisms:a defensive mechanism to block improper foreign patent applications,a rights protection mechanism for knowledge holders,an interest balance mechanism to mediate between holders'rights and societal public interests,and an integrative mechanism to ensure synergy with existing legal frameworks.Through these mechanisms,the system aims to promote the protection,preservation,innovation,and development of TKTcM.
