Introduction: The use of radioactive radiations in healthcare facilities must comply with radioprotection safety rules in order to avoid threatening the health of workers and patients. This study aimed to assess the w...Introduction: The use of radioactive radiations in healthcare facilities must comply with radioprotection safety rules in order to avoid threatening the health of workers and patients. This study aimed to assess the working conditions, the protective measures and the medical monitoring of workers directly involved in X-ray work at hospitals in Douala, Cameroon. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out during the 1st quarter of 2018, across various state and private health facilities of the city of Douala. Sampling was non-random, based on convenience and all the willing participants that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Quantitative analyses were conducted using EPI INFO 7.0 software and the results were presented in both univariate and bivariate forms. Results: The sample consisted of 56 men and 31 women with a mean age of 34.75 ± 8.77 years. X-ray technicians were over-represented (41.38%). Day/night shift work was the main work pattern (68.96%). The distribution of work zones A&B was known by 87.5% of the participants. Hazard warning signs were effective in work zones A and B (75.86%), and the walls of the premises were also reinforced in these work zones (88.51%), but the use of radiation dosimeters was rare (9.20%). Radiation aprons (94.30%) and hand-held dosimeters (63.20%) were the most commonly used personal protective equipment. The majority of the participants did not benefit from medical follow-up by an occupational health specialist (62.1%). Conclusion: The implementation of radiation protection measures remains a significant concern in Douala based health facilities, and requires stricter administrative controls and sanctions to prevent serious health consequences for exposed staff.展开更多
The emergence of two-dimensional nanomaterials,especially MXene,significantly overcomes the limitations of flexible pressure sensors regarding their sensing abilities,mechanical properties,and electromagnetic shieldin...The emergence of two-dimensional nanomaterials,especially MXene,significantly overcomes the limitations of flexible pressure sensors regarding their sensing abilities,mechanical properties,and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness.This advancement underscores their great potential for use in wearable and medical monitoring devices.However,single-layer MXene is highly prone to oxidation when exposed to air and tends to stack between layers.Combining MXene with other functional materials to create heterojunction structures effectively addresses the stacking problem while also providing the resulting composites with excellent electrical conductivity,mechanical flexibility,and electromagnetic shielding capabilities,which are essential for enhancing sensor performance.This review systematically outlines various microstructural designs and improvement strategies aimed at boosting the sensing efficiency of different flexible pressure sensors based on MXene.It offers a comprehensive analysis of their significance in medical monitoring,anticipates future challenges and opportunities,and serves as an important reference for advancing precision and personalized approaches in medical monitoring.展开更多
It has been shown that remote monitoring of pulmonary activity can be achieved using ultra-wideband (UWB) systems, which shows promise in home healthcare,rescue,and security applications.In this paper,we first present...It has been shown that remote monitoring of pulmonary activity can be achieved using ultra-wideband (UWB) systems, which shows promise in home healthcare,rescue,and security applications.In this paper,we first present a multi-ray propagation model for UWB signal,which is traveling through the human thorax and is reflected on the air/dry-skin/fat/muscle interfaces,A geometry-based statistical channel model is then developed for simulating the reception of UWB signals in the indoor propagation environment.This model enables replication of time-varying multipath profiles due to the displacement of a human chest.Subsequently, a UWB distributed cognitive radar system (UWB-DCRS) is developed for the robust detection of chest cavity motion and the accurate estimation of respiration rate.The analytical framework can serve as a basis in the planning and evaluation of future rheasurement programs.We also provide a case study on how the antenna beamwidth affects the estimation of respiration rate based on the proposed propagation models and system architecture.展开更多
This paper presents a human body communication(HBC)transceiver for wireless body network applications.The transceiver employs on frequency shift keying(FSK)modulation and op-erates in 40 MHz-60 MHz which is the resona...This paper presents a human body communication(HBC)transceiver for wireless body network applications.The transceiver employs on frequency shift keying(FSK)modulation and op-erates in 40 MHz-60 MHz which is the resonant frequency of the human body as an antenna.It achieves high performance and stability through establish passive microstrip line and via models and active device-models.The proposed transceiver is designed and fabricated by FR4 printed cir-cuit board(PCB)process,the transceiver has the ability of configurable data rate up to 2 Mbps and it achieves-86 dBm receiving sensitivity at 2 Mbps data rate.Meanwhile,the transceiver out-put power dynamics range is 34 dB.Furthermore,with a visual interaction interface,the transceiv-er can be agility use in a variety of scenarios.Its measurements are verified on human body.The result shows that the transceiver has ability to send data from person to person by relying on hu-man body antenna radiation.The transceiver shows great prospect in wireless body area networks(WBAN)for telemedicine and emergency communication.展开更多
Background:In China,an indigenously developed electronic medication monitor(EMM)was designed and used in 138 counties from three provinces.Previous studies showed positive results on accuracy,effectiveness,acceptabili...Background:In China,an indigenously developed electronic medication monitor(EMM)was designed and used in 138 counties from three provinces.Previous studies showed positive results on accuracy,effectiveness,acceptability,and feasibility,but also found some ineffective implementations.In this paper,we assessed the effect of implementation of EMMs on treatment outcomes.Methods:The longitudinal ecological method was used at the county level with aggregate secondary programmatic data.All the notified TB cases in 138 counties were involved in this study from April 2017 to June 2019,and rifampicinresistant cases were excluded.We fitted a multilevel model to assess the relative change in the quarterly treatment success rate with increasing quarterly EMM coverage rate,in which a mixed effects maximum likelihood regression using random intercept model was applied,by adjusting for seasonal trends,population size,sociodemographic and clinical characteristics,and clustering within counties.展开更多
With the prevalence of cardiovascular disease,it is imperative that medical monitoring and treatment become more instantaneous and comfortable for patients.Recently,wearable and implantable optoelectronic devices can ...With the prevalence of cardiovascular disease,it is imperative that medical monitoring and treatment become more instantaneous and comfortable for patients.Recently,wearable and implantable optoelectronic devices can be seamlessly integrated into human body to enable physiological monitoring and treatment in an imperceptible and spatiotemporally unconstrained manner,opening countless possibilities for the intelligent healthcare paradigm.To achieve biointegrated cardiac healthcare,researchers have focused on novel strategies for the construction of flexible/stretchable optoelectronic devices and systems.Here,we overview the progress of biointegrated flexible and stretchable optoelectronics for wearable and implantable cardiac healthcare devices.Firstly,the device design is addressed,including the mechanical design,interface adhesion,and encapsulation strategies.Next,the practical applications of optoelectronic devices for cardiac physiological monitoring,cardiac optogenetics,and nongenetic stimulation are presented.Finally,an outlook on biointegrated flexible and stretchable optoelectronic devices and systems for intelligent cardiac healthcare is discussed.展开更多
文摘Introduction: The use of radioactive radiations in healthcare facilities must comply with radioprotection safety rules in order to avoid threatening the health of workers and patients. This study aimed to assess the working conditions, the protective measures and the medical monitoring of workers directly involved in X-ray work at hospitals in Douala, Cameroon. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out during the 1st quarter of 2018, across various state and private health facilities of the city of Douala. Sampling was non-random, based on convenience and all the willing participants that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Quantitative analyses were conducted using EPI INFO 7.0 software and the results were presented in both univariate and bivariate forms. Results: The sample consisted of 56 men and 31 women with a mean age of 34.75 ± 8.77 years. X-ray technicians were over-represented (41.38%). Day/night shift work was the main work pattern (68.96%). The distribution of work zones A&B was known by 87.5% of the participants. Hazard warning signs were effective in work zones A and B (75.86%), and the walls of the premises were also reinforced in these work zones (88.51%), but the use of radiation dosimeters was rare (9.20%). Radiation aprons (94.30%) and hand-held dosimeters (63.20%) were the most commonly used personal protective equipment. The majority of the participants did not benefit from medical follow-up by an occupational health specialist (62.1%). Conclusion: The implementation of radiation protection measures remains a significant concern in Douala based health facilities, and requires stricter administrative controls and sanctions to prevent serious health consequences for exposed staff.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62205091)the Fundamental Research Foundation for Universities of Heilongjiang Province(No.2022-KYYWF-0121)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province Project(No.LH2022F028)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFF1206100)。
文摘The emergence of two-dimensional nanomaterials,especially MXene,significantly overcomes the limitations of flexible pressure sensors regarding their sensing abilities,mechanical properties,and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness.This advancement underscores their great potential for use in wearable and medical monitoring devices.However,single-layer MXene is highly prone to oxidation when exposed to air and tends to stack between layers.Combining MXene with other functional materials to create heterojunction structures effectively addresses the stacking problem while also providing the resulting composites with excellent electrical conductivity,mechanical flexibility,and electromagnetic shielding capabilities,which are essential for enhancing sensor performance.This review systematically outlines various microstructural designs and improvement strategies aimed at boosting the sensing efficiency of different flexible pressure sensors based on MXene.It offers a comprehensive analysis of their significance in medical monitoring,anticipates future challenges and opportunities,and serves as an important reference for advancing precision and personalized approaches in medical monitoring.
文摘It has been shown that remote monitoring of pulmonary activity can be achieved using ultra-wideband (UWB) systems, which shows promise in home healthcare,rescue,and security applications.In this paper,we first present a multi-ray propagation model for UWB signal,which is traveling through the human thorax and is reflected on the air/dry-skin/fat/muscle interfaces,A geometry-based statistical channel model is then developed for simulating the reception of UWB signals in the indoor propagation environment.This model enables replication of time-varying multipath profiles due to the displacement of a human chest.Subsequently, a UWB distributed cognitive radar system (UWB-DCRS) is developed for the robust detection of chest cavity motion and the accurate estimation of respiration rate.The analytical framework can serve as a basis in the planning and evaluation of future rheasurement programs.We also provide a case study on how the antenna beamwidth affects the estimation of respiration rate based on the proposed propagation models and system architecture.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFC2001002)the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(No.62173318)+1 种基金Shenzhen Basic Research Project(No.JCYJ20180507182231907,PIFI 2020 FYB0001)CAS Key Lab of Health Informatics.
文摘This paper presents a human body communication(HBC)transceiver for wireless body network applications.The transceiver employs on frequency shift keying(FSK)modulation and op-erates in 40 MHz-60 MHz which is the resonant frequency of the human body as an antenna.It achieves high performance and stability through establish passive microstrip line and via models and active device-models.The proposed transceiver is designed and fabricated by FR4 printed cir-cuit board(PCB)process,the transceiver has the ability of configurable data rate up to 2 Mbps and it achieves-86 dBm receiving sensitivity at 2 Mbps data rate.Meanwhile,the transceiver out-put power dynamics range is 34 dB.Furthermore,with a visual interaction interface,the transceiv-er can be agility use in a variety of scenarios.Its measurements are verified on human body.The result shows that the transceiver has ability to send data from person to person by relying on hu-man body antenna radiation.The transceiver shows great prospect in wireless body area networks(WBAN)for telemedicine and emergency communication.
文摘Background:In China,an indigenously developed electronic medication monitor(EMM)was designed and used in 138 counties from three provinces.Previous studies showed positive results on accuracy,effectiveness,acceptability,and feasibility,but also found some ineffective implementations.In this paper,we assessed the effect of implementation of EMMs on treatment outcomes.Methods:The longitudinal ecological method was used at the county level with aggregate secondary programmatic data.All the notified TB cases in 138 counties were involved in this study from April 2017 to June 2019,and rifampicinresistant cases were excluded.We fitted a multilevel model to assess the relative change in the quarterly treatment success rate with increasing quarterly EMM coverage rate,in which a mixed effects maximum likelihood regression using random intercept model was applied,by adjusting for seasonal trends,population size,sociodemographic and clinical characteristics,and clustering within counties.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFB3609000)the Strategic Priority Research Program of CAS(XDB0520101)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A6002 and 22173109)the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(YSBR-053)the CAS-Croucher Scheme for Joint Laboratoriesthe CAS Cooperation Project(121111KYSB20200036).
文摘With the prevalence of cardiovascular disease,it is imperative that medical monitoring and treatment become more instantaneous and comfortable for patients.Recently,wearable and implantable optoelectronic devices can be seamlessly integrated into human body to enable physiological monitoring and treatment in an imperceptible and spatiotemporally unconstrained manner,opening countless possibilities for the intelligent healthcare paradigm.To achieve biointegrated cardiac healthcare,researchers have focused on novel strategies for the construction of flexible/stretchable optoelectronic devices and systems.Here,we overview the progress of biointegrated flexible and stretchable optoelectronics for wearable and implantable cardiac healthcare devices.Firstly,the device design is addressed,including the mechanical design,interface adhesion,and encapsulation strategies.Next,the practical applications of optoelectronic devices for cardiac physiological monitoring,cardiac optogenetics,and nongenetic stimulation are presented.Finally,an outlook on biointegrated flexible and stretchable optoelectronic devices and systems for intelligent cardiac healthcare is discussed.
