Coal direct liquefaction technology is a crucial contemporary coal chemical technology for efficient and clean use of coal resources. The development of direct coal liquefaction technology and the promotion of alterna...Coal direct liquefaction technology is a crucial contemporary coal chemical technology for efficient and clean use of coal resources. The development of direct coal liquefaction technology and the promotion of alternative energy sources are important measures to guarantee energy security and economic security. However, several challenges need to be addressed, including low conversion rate, inadequate oil yield, significant coking, demanding reaction conditions, and high energy consumption. Extensive research has been conducted on these issues, but further exploration is required in certain aspects such as pyrolysis of macromolecules during the liquefaction process, hydrogen activation, catalysts' performance and stability, solvent hydrogenation, as well as interactions between free radicals to understand their mechanisms better. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the design strategy for efficient catalysts in coal liquefaction, encompassing the mechanism of coal liquefaction, catalyst construction,and enhancement of catalytic conversion efficiency. It serves as a comprehensive guide for further research endeavors. Firstly, it systematically summarizes the conversion mechanism of direct coal liquefaction, provides detailed descriptions of various catalyst design strategies, and especially outlines the catalytic mechanism. Furthermore, it addresses the challenges and prospects associated with constructing efficient catalysts for direct coal liquefaction based on an understanding of their action mechanisms.展开更多
能量平衡失调被认为是一个影响人类疾病的重要驱动因素,单磷酸腺苷活化的蛋白激酶(AMP-activated protein kinase,AMPK)作为一种重要的能量传感器,在维持能量稳态中的核心作用使其成为预防和治疗疾病的一个关键靶点。铁死亡作为一种新...能量平衡失调被认为是一个影响人类疾病的重要驱动因素,单磷酸腺苷活化的蛋白激酶(AMP-activated protein kinase,AMPK)作为一种重要的能量传感器,在维持能量稳态中的核心作用使其成为预防和治疗疾病的一个关键靶点。铁死亡作为一种新型细胞死亡方式,与多种疾病的病理生理过程有关,而AMPK相关信号通路又是调控铁死亡的重要途径,明确AMPK具体通过何种通路诱导或抑制铁死亡,将为未来疾病治疗提供新思路,为新药研究提供新靶点。该文通过整理国内外相关文献,挖掘了AMPK调控铁死亡的相关信号通路,并对AMPK调控铁死亡相关信号通路在疾病中的应用进行了综述,旨在为后期研究提供参考。展开更多
Electroacupuncture（EA） has been widely used in pain relief. Clinical evidence has revealed its unique advantages and effectiveness in alleviating pain. Studies on EA and pain relief have revealed that EA displays gr...Electroacupuncture（EA） has been widely used in pain relief. Clinical evidence has revealed its unique advantages and effectiveness in alleviating pain. Studies on EA and pain relief have revealed that EA displays greater analgesic effects for different types of pain in comparison to manual acupuncture. Here, we reviewed the clinical application and mechanism of EA in treating osteoarthritic knee pain and its influence factors in curative effect.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22208273)Tianchi Talent Plan of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionPostdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF under Grant Number GZC20240428。
文摘Coal direct liquefaction technology is a crucial contemporary coal chemical technology for efficient and clean use of coal resources. The development of direct coal liquefaction technology and the promotion of alternative energy sources are important measures to guarantee energy security and economic security. However, several challenges need to be addressed, including low conversion rate, inadequate oil yield, significant coking, demanding reaction conditions, and high energy consumption. Extensive research has been conducted on these issues, but further exploration is required in certain aspects such as pyrolysis of macromolecules during the liquefaction process, hydrogen activation, catalysts' performance and stability, solvent hydrogenation, as well as interactions between free radicals to understand their mechanisms better. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the design strategy for efficient catalysts in coal liquefaction, encompassing the mechanism of coal liquefaction, catalyst construction,and enhancement of catalytic conversion efficiency. It serves as a comprehensive guide for further research endeavors. Firstly, it systematically summarizes the conversion mechanism of direct coal liquefaction, provides detailed descriptions of various catalyst design strategies, and especially outlines the catalytic mechanism. Furthermore, it addresses the challenges and prospects associated with constructing efficient catalysts for direct coal liquefaction based on an understanding of their action mechanisms.
文摘能量平衡失调被认为是一个影响人类疾病的重要驱动因素,单磷酸腺苷活化的蛋白激酶(AMP-activated protein kinase,AMPK)作为一种重要的能量传感器,在维持能量稳态中的核心作用使其成为预防和治疗疾病的一个关键靶点。铁死亡作为一种新型细胞死亡方式,与多种疾病的病理生理过程有关,而AMPK相关信号通路又是调控铁死亡的重要途径,明确AMPK具体通过何种通路诱导或抑制铁死亡,将为未来疾病治疗提供新思路,为新药研究提供新靶点。该文通过整理国内外相关文献,挖掘了AMPK调控铁死亡的相关信号通路,并对AMPK调控铁死亡相关信号通路在疾病中的应用进行了综述,旨在为后期研究提供参考。
基金Supported by the Project of Fujian Provincial Development and Reform Commission(No.2014-514)
文摘Electroacupuncture（EA） has been widely used in pain relief. Clinical evidence has revealed its unique advantages and effectiveness in alleviating pain. Studies on EA and pain relief have revealed that EA displays greater analgesic effects for different types of pain in comparison to manual acupuncture. Here, we reviewed the clinical application and mechanism of EA in treating osteoarthritic knee pain and its influence factors in curative effect.
