Driven by advancements in mobile internet technology,images have become a crucial data medium.Ensuring the security of image information during transmission has thus emerged as an urgent challenge.This study proposes ...Driven by advancements in mobile internet technology,images have become a crucial data medium.Ensuring the security of image information during transmission has thus emerged as an urgent challenge.This study proposes a novel image encryption algorithm specifically designed for grayscale image security.This research introduces a new Cantor diagonal matrix permutation method.The proposed permutation method uses row and column index sequences to control the Cantor diagonal matrix,where the row and column index sequences are generated by a spatiotemporal chaotic system named coupled map lattice(CML).The high initial value sensitivity of the CML system makes the permutation method highly sensitive and secure.Additionally,leveraging fractal theory,this study introduces a chaotic fractal matrix and applies this matrix in the diffusion process.This chaotic fractal matrix exhibits selfsimilarity and irregularity.Using the Cantor diagonal matrix and chaotic fractal matrix,this paper introduces a fast image encryption algorithm involving two diffusion steps and one permutation step.Moreover,the algorithm achieves robust security with only a single encryption round,ensuring high operational efficiency.Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm features an expansive key space,robust security,high sensitivity,high efficiency,and superior statistical properties for the ciphered images.Thus,the proposed algorithm not only provides a practical solution for secure image transmission but also bridges fractal theory with image encryption techniques,thereby opening new research avenues in chaotic cryptography and advancing the development of information security technology.展开更多
In this paper,we consider the maximal positive definite solution of the nonlinear matrix equation.By using the idea of Algorithm 2.1 in ZHANG(2013),a new inversion-free method with a stepsize parameter is proposed to ...In this paper,we consider the maximal positive definite solution of the nonlinear matrix equation.By using the idea of Algorithm 2.1 in ZHANG(2013),a new inversion-free method with a stepsize parameter is proposed to obtain the maximal positive definite solution of nonlinear matrix equation X+A^(*)X|^(-α)A=Q with the case 0<α≤1.Based on this method,a new iterative algorithm is developed,and its convergence proof is given.Finally,two numerical examples are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
We read with the great interest the study by Ababneh et al in which inducedmesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes were shown to exhibit a stronger andmore sustained anti-proliferative effect by inducing a senescence-l...We read with the great interest the study by Ababneh et al in which inducedmesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes were shown to exhibit a stronger andmore sustained anti-proliferative effect by inducing a senescence-like state withoutapoptosis.The results obtained by the authors highlight the features of theeffects of senescent drift induction in surrounding tissues.In the light of thesefindings,the role of the properties of extracellular matrix and cellular glycocalyxin responses of human tumors to therapy remain uninvestigated.These extracellularbarriers appear to be significant obstacles to effective cancer therapy,especiallyin relation to the use of unique properties of tumor microenvironment forthe immunotherapy-resistant cancer treatment.展开更多
The effect of adding hydroxycinnamic acids(caffeic acid,sinapic acid,p-coumaric acid and chlorogenic acid)in Cabernet Sauvignon dry red wine before and after fermentation was investigated,taking into account the color...The effect of adding hydroxycinnamic acids(caffeic acid,sinapic acid,p-coumaric acid and chlorogenic acid)in Cabernet Sauvignon dry red wine before and after fermentation was investigated,taking into account the color parameters,anthocyanin content,and overall polyphenol levels in the wine samples.The copigmentation effect of malvidin-3-Oglucoside and sinapic acid was further explored in model solution and through theoretical calculations.The results indicated that the addition of hydroxycinnamic acids significantly enhanced the wine's color with sinapic acid(before the fermentation)showing the most pronounced color protection effect.Compared to control samples,the addition of hydroxycinnamic acids resulted in a 36%increase in total phenolic content and a 28% increase in total anthocyanin content.Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the interaction between sinapic acid and malvidin-3-O-glucoside was spontaneous and exothermic.Theoretical studies identified hydrogen bonding(HB)and dispersion forces as the main primary stabilizing forces,with the carboxyl group of sinapic acid playing a critical role while the anthocyanin backbone also influenced the interaction.展开更多
The fast solution of linear equations has always been one of the hot spots in scientific computing.A kind of the diagonal matrix splitting iteration methods are provided,which is different from the classical matrix sp...The fast solution of linear equations has always been one of the hot spots in scientific computing.A kind of the diagonal matrix splitting iteration methods are provided,which is different from the classical matrix splitting methods.Taking the decomposition of the diagonal elements for coefficient matrix as the key point,some new preconditioners are constructed.Taking the tri-diagonal coefficient matrix as an example,the convergence domains and optimal relaxation factor of the new method are analyzed theoretically.The presented new iteration methods are applied to solve linear algebraic equations,even 2D and 3D diffusion problems with the fully implicit discretization.The results of numerical experiments are matched with the theoretical analysis,and show that the iteration numbers are reduced greatly.The superiorities of presented iteration methods exceed some classical iteration methods dramatically.展开更多
This study investigates the anisotropic thermal conductivity of aluminum matrix composites reinforced with graphene nano-plates(GNPs)and in situ ZrB_(2) nanoparticles,while simultaneously maintaining high strength and...This study investigates the anisotropic thermal conductivity of aluminum matrix composites reinforced with graphene nano-plates(GNPs)and in situ ZrB_(2) nanoparticles,while simultaneously maintaining high strength and toughness.A discontinuous layered GNPs-ZrB_(2)/AA6111 composite was prepared using in situ melt reactions and semi-solid stirring casting technology,combined with hot rolling deformation processing.Microstructural analysis revealed that the GNPs were aligned parallel to the rolling direction-transverse direction(RD-TD)plane,whereas the ZrB_(2) nanoparticles aggregated into cluster strips,collectively forming a discontinuous layered structure.This multilayer arrangement maximized the in-plane thermal conductivity of the GNPs.The tightly bonded GNP/Al interfaces with the locking of CuAl_(2) nanoparticles ensured that the GNPs fully exploited their high thermal conductivity.Therefore,the GNPs-ZrB_(2)/AA6111 composite achieved high in-plane thermal conductivity(230 W/(m·K)),which is higher than that of the matrix(206 W/(m·K)).The improved in-plane thermal conductivity is primarily attributed to the exceptionally high intrinsic in-plane thermal conductivity of the GNPs and their two-dimensional layered structure.However,the composite exhibited pronounced thermal conductivity anisotropy in the in-plane and through-plane directions.The reduced through-plane thermal conductivity is predominantly caused by the intrinsically low through-plane thermal conductivity of the GNPs and the increased interfacial thermal resistance from the additional grain boundaries.展开更多
Peripheral nerve injury causes severe neuroinflammation and has become a global medical challenge.Previous research has demonstrated that porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel exhibits excellent biological prop...Peripheral nerve injury causes severe neuroinflammation and has become a global medical challenge.Previous research has demonstrated that porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel exhibits excellent biological properties and tissue specificity,highlighting its potential as a biomedical material for the repair of severe peripheral nerve injury;however,its role in modulating neuroinflammation post-peripheral nerve injury remains unknown.Here,we aimed to characterize the anti-inflammatory properties of porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel and their underlying molecular mechanisms.Using peripheral nerve injury model rats treated with porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel,we evaluated structural and functional recovery,macrophage phenotype alteration,specific cytokine expression,and changes in related signaling molecules in vivo.Similar parameters were evaluated in vitro using monocyte/macrophage cell lines stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and cultured on porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel-coated plates in complete medium.These comprehensive analyses revealed that porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel attenuated the activation of excessive inflammation at the early stage of peripheral nerve injury and increased the proportion of the M2 subtype in monocytes/macrophages.Additionally,porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel negatively regulated the Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88/nuclear factor-κB axis both in vivo and in vitro.Our findings suggest that the efficacious anti-inflammatory properties of porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel induce M2 macrophage polarization via suppression of the Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88/nuclear factor-κB pathway,providing new insights into the therapeutic mechanism of porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel in peripheral nerve injury.展开更多
The development of shape-customizable and bulk flexible electrochemical devices through processing technologies as versatile as those used for plastics promises to revolutionize the future of battery technology.Howeve...The development of shape-customizable and bulk flexible electrochemical devices through processing technologies as versatile as those used for plastics promises to revolutionize the future of battery technology.However,this pursuit has been fundamentally hindered by the absence of transformative battery materials capable of delivering the necessary electrochemical functions,robust interface adhesion,and,crucially,the suitable rheological properties required for on-demand shaping.In this work,we introduce a concept of a multifunctional plasticine electrode matrix(PEM)featuring nano-interpenetrating networks(nano-IPN)to address this challenge.Utilizing the nonflammable liquid-electrolyte hydration combined with conductive nanomaterials,we have realized a PEM in the form of a multifunctional nanocomposite that integrates ion and electron conduction,component binding,non-flammability,and plasticine-like moldability.With this PEM,we have successfully fabricated a variety of bulk-flexible electrodes with high mass loading of active material(AM)(>70 wt%)using industry-friendly extrusion and compression molding techniques.Moreover,these high AM-loading composite electrodes achieve an unparalleled bulk conformability and flexibility,remaining structurally intact even under severe mechanical stress.Ultimately,we have successfully produced shape-patternable and flexible batteries via extrusion molding.This study underscores the potential of the PEM to revolutionize battery microstructures,interfaces,manufacturing processes,and performance characteristics.展开更多
Polymer matrix composites with high dielectric constants and low dielectric losses are in high demand for flexible electronics.However,simultaneously satisfying these requirements poses a significant scientific challe...Polymer matrix composites with high dielectric constants and low dielectric losses are in high demand for flexible electronics.However,simultaneously satisfying these requirements poses a significant scientific challenge owing to the intrinsic trade-off relationship.Herein,we utilized the in situ controllable reduction of graphene oxide(GO)within a poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene)(P(VDF-Tr FE-CFE))matrix to regulate the dielectric properties.The as-obtained composite exhibited a high relative dielectric constant of 1415coupled with a low loss tangent of 0.380 at 100 Hz.Experimental and theoretical studies indicate that the increased degree of electron conjugation and conductivity of the reduced GO(RGO)are responsible for the high-k.The constrained reduction degree of GO,combined with its homogeneous dispersion in the polymer matrix,effectively suppresses long-range charge carrier migration,thereby minimizing dielectric loss.This novel strategy could be successfully applied to both organic and aqueous systems.Furthermore,a high-performance flexible capacitive proximity sensor was exemplified by the optimization of both the dielectric layer and electrode pattern,exhibiting excellent sensitivity and stability.The fundamental mechanisms elucidated in this study provide crucial design principles for developing dielectric PMCs with tailored properties,thereby opening new avenues for advanced flexible electronic applications.展开更多
Objective:Osteoarthritis(OA)is a degenerative joint disease characterized by extracellular matrix(ECM)degradation,chondrocyte apoptosis,and chronic inflammation.Cartilage destruction and ECM degeneration contribute to...Objective:Osteoarthritis(OA)is a degenerative joint disease characterized by extracellular matrix(ECM)degradation,chondrocyte apoptosis,and chronic inflammation.Cartilage destruction and ECM degeneration contribute to joint function loss and disability.Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)up-regulates the expression of MMP-13,which degrades collagen Ⅱ.Our previous study found that 5,7,3',4'-tetramethoxyflavone(TMF)exhibited protective effects on OA chondrocytes.This study aims to investigate the protective role of TMF in inhibiting ECM degradation by mediating the Sirt1/STAT3 signaling pathway.Methods:Rat OA models were established by the injection of monosodium iodoacetate(MIA).Hematoxylin&eosin(HE)staining and immunohistochemistry(IHC)analysis were performed.IL-1β stimulated C28/I2 cells were used as OA-like chondrocyte cell model.Western blotting assays were used to determine the protein expression.Results:The expression of MMP-13 was upregulated while type Ⅱ collagen expression is downregulated,and the phosphorylation level of STAT3 is increased in rat OA models.TMF reverses the STAT3-mediated expression of MMP-13 and type v collagen.Activation of STAT3 or inhibition of Sirt1 function attenuates the inhibitory effect of TMF on ECM degradation.Conclusion:TMF can inhibit ECM degradation mediated by the STAT3 signal pathway by activating Sirt1 expression in OA cell and animal models.展开更多
Micro-and nano-to millimeter-scale magnetic matrix materials have gained widespread application due to their exceptional magnetic properties and favorable cost-effectiveness.With the rapid progress in condensed matter...Micro-and nano-to millimeter-scale magnetic matrix materials have gained widespread application due to their exceptional magnetic properties and favorable cost-effectiveness.With the rapid progress in condensed matter physics,materials science,and mineral separation technologies,these materials are now poised for new opportunities in theoretical research and development.This review provides a comprehensive analysis of these matrices,encompassing their structure,size,shape,composition,properties,and multifaceted applications.These materials,primarily composed of alloys of transition state metasl such as iron(Fe),cobalt(Co),titanium(Ti),and nickel(Ni),exhibit unique attributes like high magnetization rates,low eleastic modulus,and high saturation magnetic field strengths.Furthermore,the studies also delve into the complex mechanical interactions involved in the separation of magnetic particles using magnetic separator matrices,including magnetic,gravitational,centrifugal,and van der Waals forces.The review outlines how size and shape effects influence the magnetic behavior of matrices,offering new perspectives for innovative applications of magnetic matrices in various domains of materials science and magnetic separation.展开更多
Increased matrix stiffness of nucleus pulposus(NP)tissue is a main feature of intervertebral disc degeneration(IVDD)and affects various functions of nucleus pulposus cells(NPCs).Glycolysis is the main energy source fo...Increased matrix stiffness of nucleus pulposus(NP)tissue is a main feature of intervertebral disc degeneration(IVDD)and affects various functions of nucleus pulposus cells(NPCs).Glycolysis is the main energy source for NPC survival,but the effects and underlying mechanisms of increased extracellular matrix(ECM)stiffness on NPC glycolysis remain unknown.In this study,hydrogels with different stiffness were established to mimic the mechanical environment of NPCs.Notably,increased matrix stiffness in degenerated NP tissues from IVDD patients was accompanied with impaired glycolysis,and NPCs cultured on rigid substrates exhibited a reduction in glycolysis.展开更多
Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury(IIRI)is a complex and severe pathophysiological process characterized by oxidative stress,inflammation,and apoptosis.In recent years,the critical roles of extracellular matrix(EC...Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury(IIRI)is a complex and severe pathophysiological process characterized by oxidative stress,inflammation,and apoptosis.In recent years,the critical roles of extracellular matrix(ECM)genes and microRNAs(miRNAs)in IIRI have garnered widespread attention.This review aims to systematically summarize the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of ECM gene sets and miRNA regulatory networks in IIRI.First,we review the molecular mechanisms of IIRI,focusing on the dual role of the ECM in tissue injury and repair processes.The expression changes and functions of ECM components such as collagen,elastin,and matrix metalloproteinases during IIRI progression are deeply analyzed.Second,we systematically summarize the regulatory roles of miRNAs in IIRI,particularly the mechanisms and functions of miRNAs such as miR-125b and miR-200a in regulating inflammation,apoptosis,and ECM remodeling.Additionally,this review discusses potential diagnostic biomarkers and treatment strategies based on ECM genes and miRNAs.We extensively evaluate the prospects of miRNA-targeted therapy and ECM component modulation in preventing and treating IIRI,emphasizing the clinical translational potential of these emerging therapies.In conclusion,the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of ECM gene sets and miRNA regulatory networks in IIRI provides new directions for further research,necessitating additional clinical and basic studies to validate and expand these findings for improving clinical outcomes in IIRI patients.展开更多
Stem cells play a key role in tissue regeneration due to their self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation,which are continuously regulated by signals from the extracellular matrix(ECM)microenvironment.Therefore...Stem cells play a key role in tissue regeneration due to their self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation,which are continuously regulated by signals from the extracellular matrix(ECM)microenvironment.Therefore,the unique biological and physical characteristics of the ECM are important determinants of stem cell behavior.Although the acellular ECM of specific tissues and organs(such as the skin,heart,cartilage,and lung)can mimic the natural microenvironment required for stem cell differentiation,the lack of donor sources restricts their development.With the rapid development of adipose tissue engineering,decellularized adipose matrix(DAM)has attracted much attention due to its wide range of sources and good regeneration capacity.Protocols for DAM preparation involve various physical,chemical,and biological methods.Different combinations of these methods may have different impacts on the structure and composition of DAM,which in turn interfere with the growth and differentiation of stem cells.This is a narrative review about DAM.We summarize the methods for decellularizing and sterilizing adipose tissue,and the impact of these methods on the biological and physical properties of DAM.In addition,we also analyze the application of different forms of DAM with or without stem cells in tissue regeneration(such as adipose tissue),repair(such as wounds,cartilage,bone,and nerves),in vitro bionic systems,clinical trials,and other disease research.展开更多
Aneurysms and dissections represent some of the most serious cardiovascular diseases.The prevailing theory posits that mechanical overloading of the vessel wall is the underlying cause.Inspired by Barkhordarian et al,...Aneurysms and dissections represent some of the most serious cardiovascular diseases.The prevailing theory posits that mechanical overloading of the vessel wall is the underlying cause.Inspired by Barkhordarian et al,the authors present matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)and their inhibitors in immunohistological analyses as contributing factors in the pathophysiology of aortic aneurysms(AA).Data analysis of MMP-1,MMP-9,tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases(TIMPs),including TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 expression reveals a varied distribution between the adventitia and media and a non-uniform expression of the investigated markers.These elements,as key components of the extracellular matrix(ECM),indicate that the formation of AA is not solely driven by endoluminal pressure loading of the aortic wall.Instead,degenerative processes within ECM elements contribute significantly.Importantly,AA do not necessarily imply dissection.Tissue destruction,allowing blood flow entry,arises from reduced oxygen supply to the media,primarily due to incomplete capillarization or neocapillarization.展开更多
1.Introduction The strength-ductility trade-offdilemma has long been a per-sistent challenge in Al matrix composites(AMCs)[1,2].This is-sue primarily arises from the agglomeration of reinforcements at the grain bounda...1.Introduction The strength-ductility trade-offdilemma has long been a per-sistent challenge in Al matrix composites(AMCs)[1,2].This is-sue primarily arises from the agglomeration of reinforcements at the grain boundaries(GBs),which restricts local plastic flow dur-ing the plastic deformation and leads to stress concentration[3,4].Recently,the development of concepts aimed at achieving hetero-geneous grain has emerged as a promising approach for enhanc-ing comprehensive mechanical properties[5,6].展开更多
Abnormal accumulation of collagen fibrils is a hallmark feature of oral submucous fibrosis(OSF).However,the precise characteristics and underlying mechanisms remain unclear,impeding the advancement of potential therap...Abnormal accumulation of collagen fibrils is a hallmark feature of oral submucous fibrosis(OSF).However,the precise characteristics and underlying mechanisms remain unclear,impeding the advancement of potential therapeutic approaches.Here,we observed that collagen Ⅰ,the main component of the extracellular matrix,first accumulated in the lamina propria and subsequently in the submucosa of OSF specimens as the disease progressed.Using RNA-seq and Immunofluorescence in OSF specimens,we screened the cartilage oligomeric matrix protein(COMP)responsible for the abnormal collagen accumulation.Genetic COMP deficiency reduced arecoline-stimulated collagen I deposition significantly in vivo.In comparison,both COMP and collagen Ⅰ were upregulated under arecoline stimulation in wild-type mice.Human oral buccal mucosal fibroblasts(hBMFs)also exhibited increased secretion of COMP and collagen I after stimulation in vitro.COMP knockdown in hBMFs downregulates arecoline-stimulated collagen Ⅰ secretion.We further demonstrated that hBMFs present heterogeneous responses to arecoline stimulation,of which COMP-positive fibroblasts secrete more collagen Ⅰ.Since COMP is a molecular bridge with Fibril-associated collagens with Interrupted Triple helices(FACIT)in the collagen network,we further screened and identified collagen XIV,a FACIT member,co-localizing with both COMP and collagen Ⅰ.Collagen XIV expression increased under arecoline stimulation in wild-type mice,whereas it was hardly expressed in the Comp^(-/-) mice,even with under stimulation.In summary,we found that COMP may mediates abnormal collagen Ⅰ deposition by functions with collagen XIV during the progression of OSF,suggesting its potential to be targeted in treating OSF.展开更多
The symmetric,positive semidefinite,and positive definite real solutions of the matrix equation XA=YAD from an inverse problem of vibration theory are considered.When D=T the necessary and sufficient conditions fo...The symmetric,positive semidefinite,and positive definite real solutions of the matrix equation XA=YAD from an inverse problem of vibration theory are considered.When D=T the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of such solutions and their general forms are derived.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62376106)The Science and Technology Development Plan of Jilin Province(20250102212JC).
文摘Driven by advancements in mobile internet technology,images have become a crucial data medium.Ensuring the security of image information during transmission has thus emerged as an urgent challenge.This study proposes a novel image encryption algorithm specifically designed for grayscale image security.This research introduces a new Cantor diagonal matrix permutation method.The proposed permutation method uses row and column index sequences to control the Cantor diagonal matrix,where the row and column index sequences are generated by a spatiotemporal chaotic system named coupled map lattice(CML).The high initial value sensitivity of the CML system makes the permutation method highly sensitive and secure.Additionally,leveraging fractal theory,this study introduces a chaotic fractal matrix and applies this matrix in the diffusion process.This chaotic fractal matrix exhibits selfsimilarity and irregularity.Using the Cantor diagonal matrix and chaotic fractal matrix,this paper introduces a fast image encryption algorithm involving two diffusion steps and one permutation step.Moreover,the algorithm achieves robust security with only a single encryption round,ensuring high operational efficiency.Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm features an expansive key space,robust security,high sensitivity,high efficiency,and superior statistical properties for the ciphered images.Thus,the proposed algorithm not only provides a practical solution for secure image transmission but also bridges fractal theory with image encryption techniques,thereby opening new research avenues in chaotic cryptography and advancing the development of information security technology.
基金Supported in part by Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi(2023GXNSFAA026246)in part by the Central Government's Guide to Local Science and Technology Development Fund(GuikeZY23055044)in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62363003)。
文摘In this paper,we consider the maximal positive definite solution of the nonlinear matrix equation.By using the idea of Algorithm 2.1 in ZHANG(2013),a new inversion-free method with a stepsize parameter is proposed to obtain the maximal positive definite solution of nonlinear matrix equation X+A^(*)X|^(-α)A=Q with the case 0<α≤1.Based on this method,a new iterative algorithm is developed,and its convergence proof is given.Finally,two numerical examples are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
文摘We read with the great interest the study by Ababneh et al in which inducedmesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes were shown to exhibit a stronger andmore sustained anti-proliferative effect by inducing a senescence-like state withoutapoptosis.The results obtained by the authors highlight the features of theeffects of senescent drift induction in surrounding tissues.In the light of thesefindings,the role of the properties of extracellular matrix and cellular glycocalyxin responses of human tumors to therapy remain uninvestigated.These extracellularbarriers appear to be significant obstacles to effective cancer therapy,especiallyin relation to the use of unique properties of tumor microenvironment forthe immunotherapy-resistant cancer treatment.
基金supported by the Key R&D Program of Shaanxi Province,China(2024NC-YBXM-146)the Xi’an Agricultural Technology Research and Development Project,China(24NYGG0048)+1 种基金the Key R&D Program of Xianyang,China(L2024-ZDYF-ZDYF-NY-0028)the National Foreign Expert Project of China(G2023172002L)。
文摘The effect of adding hydroxycinnamic acids(caffeic acid,sinapic acid,p-coumaric acid and chlorogenic acid)in Cabernet Sauvignon dry red wine before and after fermentation was investigated,taking into account the color parameters,anthocyanin content,and overall polyphenol levels in the wine samples.The copigmentation effect of malvidin-3-Oglucoside and sinapic acid was further explored in model solution and through theoretical calculations.The results indicated that the addition of hydroxycinnamic acids significantly enhanced the wine's color with sinapic acid(before the fermentation)showing the most pronounced color protection effect.Compared to control samples,the addition of hydroxycinnamic acids resulted in a 36%increase in total phenolic content and a 28% increase in total anthocyanin content.Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the interaction between sinapic acid and malvidin-3-O-glucoside was spontaneous and exothermic.Theoretical studies identified hydrogen bonding(HB)and dispersion forces as the main primary stabilizing forces,with the carboxyl group of sinapic acid playing a critical role while the anthocyanin backbone also influenced the interaction.
基金The National Natural Science Foundations of China (12202219)the Natural Science Foundations of Ningxia (2024AAC02009, 2023AAC05001)the Ningxia Youth Top Talents Training Project。
文摘The fast solution of linear equations has always been one of the hot spots in scientific computing.A kind of the diagonal matrix splitting iteration methods are provided,which is different from the classical matrix splitting methods.Taking the decomposition of the diagonal elements for coefficient matrix as the key point,some new preconditioners are constructed.Taking the tri-diagonal coefficient matrix as an example,the convergence domains and optimal relaxation factor of the new method are analyzed theoretically.The presented new iteration methods are applied to solve linear algebraic equations,even 2D and 3D diffusion problems with the fully implicit discretization.The results of numerical experiments are matched with the theoretical analysis,and show that the iteration numbers are reduced greatly.The superiorities of presented iteration methods exceed some classical iteration methods dramatically.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52471156,U20A20274,and 52071158)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2024M751173 and 2024M752703)+1 种基金the Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent,China(No.2024ZB229)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,China(No.24KJB430012).
文摘This study investigates the anisotropic thermal conductivity of aluminum matrix composites reinforced with graphene nano-plates(GNPs)and in situ ZrB_(2) nanoparticles,while simultaneously maintaining high strength and toughness.A discontinuous layered GNPs-ZrB_(2)/AA6111 composite was prepared using in situ melt reactions and semi-solid stirring casting technology,combined with hot rolling deformation processing.Microstructural analysis revealed that the GNPs were aligned parallel to the rolling direction-transverse direction(RD-TD)plane,whereas the ZrB_(2) nanoparticles aggregated into cluster strips,collectively forming a discontinuous layered structure.This multilayer arrangement maximized the in-plane thermal conductivity of the GNPs.The tightly bonded GNP/Al interfaces with the locking of CuAl_(2) nanoparticles ensured that the GNPs fully exploited their high thermal conductivity.Therefore,the GNPs-ZrB_(2)/AA6111 composite achieved high in-plane thermal conductivity(230 W/(m·K)),which is higher than that of the matrix(206 W/(m·K)).The improved in-plane thermal conductivity is primarily attributed to the exceptionally high intrinsic in-plane thermal conductivity of the GNPs and their two-dimensional layered structure.However,the composite exhibited pronounced thermal conductivity anisotropy in the in-plane and through-plane directions.The reduced through-plane thermal conductivity is predominantly caused by the intrinsically low through-plane thermal conductivity of the GNPs and the increased interfacial thermal resistance from the additional grain boundaries.
基金supported by the Shenzhen Hong Kong Joint Funding Project,No.SGDX20230116093645007(to LY)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee International Cooperation Project,No.GJHZ20200731095608025(to LY)+7 种基金Shenzhen Development and Reform Commission’s Intelligent Diagnosis,Treatment and Prevention of Adolescent Spinal Health Public Service Platform,No.S2002Q84500835(to LY)Shenzhen Medical Research Fund,No.B2303005(to LY)Team-based Medical Science Research Program,No.2024YZZ02(to LY)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China,No.LWQ20H170001(to RL)Basic Research Project of Shenzhen Science and Technology from Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission,No.JCYJ20210324103010029(to BY)Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital Clinical Research Fund of Guangdong Province High-level Hospital Construction Project,Nos.2023yjlcyj029(to BY),2023yjlcyj021(to LL)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,No.2022A1515110679(to LL)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.2022M722203(to GL).
文摘Peripheral nerve injury causes severe neuroinflammation and has become a global medical challenge.Previous research has demonstrated that porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel exhibits excellent biological properties and tissue specificity,highlighting its potential as a biomedical material for the repair of severe peripheral nerve injury;however,its role in modulating neuroinflammation post-peripheral nerve injury remains unknown.Here,we aimed to characterize the anti-inflammatory properties of porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel and their underlying molecular mechanisms.Using peripheral nerve injury model rats treated with porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel,we evaluated structural and functional recovery,macrophage phenotype alteration,specific cytokine expression,and changes in related signaling molecules in vivo.Similar parameters were evaluated in vitro using monocyte/macrophage cell lines stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and cultured on porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel-coated plates in complete medium.These comprehensive analyses revealed that porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel attenuated the activation of excessive inflammation at the early stage of peripheral nerve injury and increased the proportion of the M2 subtype in monocytes/macrophages.Additionally,porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel negatively regulated the Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88/nuclear factor-κB axis both in vivo and in vitro.Our findings suggest that the efficacious anti-inflammatory properties of porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel induce M2 macrophage polarization via suppression of the Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88/nuclear factor-κB pathway,providing new insights into the therapeutic mechanism of porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel in peripheral nerve injury.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52473248,52203123,52125301,22279070 and U21A20170)the State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering(Grant No:sklpme 2023-1-05 and sklpme 2024-2-04)+2 种基金the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2019YFA0705703)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2023NSFSC0991 and 2025ZNSFSC1411)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.This research was partially sponsored by the Double First-Class Construction Funds of Sichuan University.
文摘The development of shape-customizable and bulk flexible electrochemical devices through processing technologies as versatile as those used for plastics promises to revolutionize the future of battery technology.However,this pursuit has been fundamentally hindered by the absence of transformative battery materials capable of delivering the necessary electrochemical functions,robust interface adhesion,and,crucially,the suitable rheological properties required for on-demand shaping.In this work,we introduce a concept of a multifunctional plasticine electrode matrix(PEM)featuring nano-interpenetrating networks(nano-IPN)to address this challenge.Utilizing the nonflammable liquid-electrolyte hydration combined with conductive nanomaterials,we have realized a PEM in the form of a multifunctional nanocomposite that integrates ion and electron conduction,component binding,non-flammability,and plasticine-like moldability.With this PEM,we have successfully fabricated a variety of bulk-flexible electrodes with high mass loading of active material(AM)(>70 wt%)using industry-friendly extrusion and compression molding techniques.Moreover,these high AM-loading composite electrodes achieve an unparalleled bulk conformability and flexibility,remaining structurally intact even under severe mechanical stress.Ultimately,we have successfully produced shape-patternable and flexible batteries via extrusion molding.This study underscores the potential of the PEM to revolutionize battery microstructures,interfaces,manufacturing processes,and performance characteristics.
基金financially supported by the Innovation and Technology Commission of the Hong Kong SAR Government(No.MRP/020/21)Hong Kong Polytechnic University(No.847A)+1 种基金RI-Wear Seed Fund of Poly U(1-CD8J)Start-up Fund of Poly U(1-BD49)。
文摘Polymer matrix composites with high dielectric constants and low dielectric losses are in high demand for flexible electronics.However,simultaneously satisfying these requirements poses a significant scientific challenge owing to the intrinsic trade-off relationship.Herein,we utilized the in situ controllable reduction of graphene oxide(GO)within a poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene)(P(VDF-Tr FE-CFE))matrix to regulate the dielectric properties.The as-obtained composite exhibited a high relative dielectric constant of 1415coupled with a low loss tangent of 0.380 at 100 Hz.Experimental and theoretical studies indicate that the increased degree of electron conjugation and conductivity of the reduced GO(RGO)are responsible for the high-k.The constrained reduction degree of GO,combined with its homogeneous dispersion in the polymer matrix,effectively suppresses long-range charge carrier migration,thereby minimizing dielectric loss.This novel strategy could be successfully applied to both organic and aqueous systems.Furthermore,a high-performance flexible capacitive proximity sensor was exemplified by the optimization of both the dielectric layer and electrode pattern,exhibiting excellent sensitivity and stability.The fundamental mechanisms elucidated in this study provide crucial design principles for developing dielectric PMCs with tailored properties,thereby opening new avenues for advanced flexible electronic applications.
基金Project Supported by Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(20212ACB206002)。
文摘Objective:Osteoarthritis(OA)is a degenerative joint disease characterized by extracellular matrix(ECM)degradation,chondrocyte apoptosis,and chronic inflammation.Cartilage destruction and ECM degeneration contribute to joint function loss and disability.Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)up-regulates the expression of MMP-13,which degrades collagen Ⅱ.Our previous study found that 5,7,3',4'-tetramethoxyflavone(TMF)exhibited protective effects on OA chondrocytes.This study aims to investigate the protective role of TMF in inhibiting ECM degradation by mediating the Sirt1/STAT3 signaling pathway.Methods:Rat OA models were established by the injection of monosodium iodoacetate(MIA).Hematoxylin&eosin(HE)staining and immunohistochemistry(IHC)analysis were performed.IL-1β stimulated C28/I2 cells were used as OA-like chondrocyte cell model.Western blotting assays were used to determine the protein expression.Results:The expression of MMP-13 was upregulated while type Ⅱ collagen expression is downregulated,and the phosphorylation level of STAT3 is increased in rat OA models.TMF reverses the STAT3-mediated expression of MMP-13 and type v collagen.Activation of STAT3 or inhibition of Sirt1 function attenuates the inhibitory effect of TMF on ECM degradation.Conclusion:TMF can inhibit ECM degradation mediated by the STAT3 signal pathway by activating Sirt1 expression in OA cell and animal models.
基金Project(52174245)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2021J01640)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,ChinaProject(BGRIMM-KJSKL2022-03)supported by Open Foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing,China。
文摘Micro-and nano-to millimeter-scale magnetic matrix materials have gained widespread application due to their exceptional magnetic properties and favorable cost-effectiveness.With the rapid progress in condensed matter physics,materials science,and mineral separation technologies,these materials are now poised for new opportunities in theoretical research and development.This review provides a comprehensive analysis of these matrices,encompassing their structure,size,shape,composition,properties,and multifaceted applications.These materials,primarily composed of alloys of transition state metasl such as iron(Fe),cobalt(Co),titanium(Ti),and nickel(Ni),exhibit unique attributes like high magnetization rates,low eleastic modulus,and high saturation magnetic field strengths.Furthermore,the studies also delve into the complex mechanical interactions involved in the separation of magnetic particles using magnetic separator matrices,including magnetic,gravitational,centrifugal,and van der Waals forces.The review outlines how size and shape effects influence the magnetic behavior of matrices,offering new perspectives for innovative applications of magnetic matrices in various domains of materials science and magnetic separation.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.82002345 to J.D and 81902179 to L.S)the Gusu Talent Program(No.Qngg2022008 and GSWS2021027 to J.D)the Preliminary Research Project of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University(No.SDFEYBS1905 to J.D).
文摘Increased matrix stiffness of nucleus pulposus(NP)tissue is a main feature of intervertebral disc degeneration(IVDD)and affects various functions of nucleus pulposus cells(NPCs).Glycolysis is the main energy source for NPC survival,but the effects and underlying mechanisms of increased extracellular matrix(ECM)stiffness on NPC glycolysis remain unknown.In this study,hydrogels with different stiffness were established to mimic the mechanical environment of NPCs.Notably,increased matrix stiffness in degenerated NP tissues from IVDD patients was accompanied with impaired glycolysis,and NPCs cultured on rigid substrates exhibited a reduction in glycolysis.
基金Supported by Health Science and Technology Programme of Zhejiang Province,No.2022KY1391.
文摘Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury(IIRI)is a complex and severe pathophysiological process characterized by oxidative stress,inflammation,and apoptosis.In recent years,the critical roles of extracellular matrix(ECM)genes and microRNAs(miRNAs)in IIRI have garnered widespread attention.This review aims to systematically summarize the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of ECM gene sets and miRNA regulatory networks in IIRI.First,we review the molecular mechanisms of IIRI,focusing on the dual role of the ECM in tissue injury and repair processes.The expression changes and functions of ECM components such as collagen,elastin,and matrix metalloproteinases during IIRI progression are deeply analyzed.Second,we systematically summarize the regulatory roles of miRNAs in IIRI,particularly the mechanisms and functions of miRNAs such as miR-125b and miR-200a in regulating inflammation,apoptosis,and ECM remodeling.Additionally,this review discusses potential diagnostic biomarkers and treatment strategies based on ECM genes and miRNAs.We extensively evaluate the prospects of miRNA-targeted therapy and ECM component modulation in preventing and treating IIRI,emphasizing the clinical translational potential of these emerging therapies.In conclusion,the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of ECM gene sets and miRNA regulatory networks in IIRI provides new directions for further research,necessitating additional clinical and basic studies to validate and expand these findings for improving clinical outcomes in IIRI patients.
文摘Stem cells play a key role in tissue regeneration due to their self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation,which are continuously regulated by signals from the extracellular matrix(ECM)microenvironment.Therefore,the unique biological and physical characteristics of the ECM are important determinants of stem cell behavior.Although the acellular ECM of specific tissues and organs(such as the skin,heart,cartilage,and lung)can mimic the natural microenvironment required for stem cell differentiation,the lack of donor sources restricts their development.With the rapid development of adipose tissue engineering,decellularized adipose matrix(DAM)has attracted much attention due to its wide range of sources and good regeneration capacity.Protocols for DAM preparation involve various physical,chemical,and biological methods.Different combinations of these methods may have different impacts on the structure and composition of DAM,which in turn interfere with the growth and differentiation of stem cells.This is a narrative review about DAM.We summarize the methods for decellularizing and sterilizing adipose tissue,and the impact of these methods on the biological and physical properties of DAM.In addition,we also analyze the application of different forms of DAM with or without stem cells in tissue regeneration(such as adipose tissue),repair(such as wounds,cartilage,bone,and nerves),in vitro bionic systems,clinical trials,and other disease research.
文摘Aneurysms and dissections represent some of the most serious cardiovascular diseases.The prevailing theory posits that mechanical overloading of the vessel wall is the underlying cause.Inspired by Barkhordarian et al,the authors present matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)and their inhibitors in immunohistological analyses as contributing factors in the pathophysiology of aortic aneurysms(AA).Data analysis of MMP-1,MMP-9,tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases(TIMPs),including TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 expression reveals a varied distribution between the adventitia and media and a non-uniform expression of the investigated markers.These elements,as key components of the extracellular matrix(ECM),indicate that the formation of AA is not solely driven by endoluminal pressure loading of the aortic wall.Instead,degenerative processes within ECM elements contribute significantly.Importantly,AA do not necessarily imply dissection.Tissue destruction,allowing blood flow entry,arises from reduced oxygen supply to the media,primarily due to incomplete capillarization or neocapillarization.
基金support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U23A20546 and 52271010)the Chinese National Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.52025015)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City(No.21JCZDJC00510).
文摘1.Introduction The strength-ductility trade-offdilemma has long been a per-sistent challenge in Al matrix composites(AMCs)[1,2].This is-sue primarily arises from the agglomeration of reinforcements at the grain boundaries(GBs),which restricts local plastic flow dur-ing the plastic deformation and leads to stress concentration[3,4].Recently,the development of concepts aimed at achieving hetero-geneous grain has emerged as a promising approach for enhanc-ing comprehensive mechanical properties[5,6].
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China grant(81974150).
文摘Abnormal accumulation of collagen fibrils is a hallmark feature of oral submucous fibrosis(OSF).However,the precise characteristics and underlying mechanisms remain unclear,impeding the advancement of potential therapeutic approaches.Here,we observed that collagen Ⅰ,the main component of the extracellular matrix,first accumulated in the lamina propria and subsequently in the submucosa of OSF specimens as the disease progressed.Using RNA-seq and Immunofluorescence in OSF specimens,we screened the cartilage oligomeric matrix protein(COMP)responsible for the abnormal collagen accumulation.Genetic COMP deficiency reduced arecoline-stimulated collagen I deposition significantly in vivo.In comparison,both COMP and collagen Ⅰ were upregulated under arecoline stimulation in wild-type mice.Human oral buccal mucosal fibroblasts(hBMFs)also exhibited increased secretion of COMP and collagen I after stimulation in vitro.COMP knockdown in hBMFs downregulates arecoline-stimulated collagen Ⅰ secretion.We further demonstrated that hBMFs present heterogeneous responses to arecoline stimulation,of which COMP-positive fibroblasts secrete more collagen Ⅰ.Since COMP is a molecular bridge with Fibril-associated collagens with Interrupted Triple helices(FACIT)in the collagen network,we further screened and identified collagen XIV,a FACIT member,co-localizing with both COMP and collagen Ⅰ.Collagen XIV expression increased under arecoline stimulation in wild-type mice,whereas it was hardly expressed in the Comp^(-/-) mice,even with under stimulation.In summary,we found that COMP may mediates abnormal collagen Ⅰ deposition by functions with collagen XIV during the progression of OSF,suggesting its potential to be targeted in treating OSF.
文摘The symmetric,positive semidefinite,and positive definite real solutions of the matrix equation XA=YAD from an inverse problem of vibration theory are considered.When D=T the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of such solutions and their general forms are derived.
