Supercapacitors are gaining popularity due to their high cycling stability,power density,and fast charge and discharge rates.Researchers are ex-ploring electrode materials,electrolytes,and separat-ors for cost-effecti...Supercapacitors are gaining popularity due to their high cycling stability,power density,and fast charge and discharge rates.Researchers are ex-ploring electrode materials,electrolytes,and separat-ors for cost-effective energy storage systems.Ad-vances in materials science have led to the develop-ment of hybrid nanomaterials,such as combining fil-amentous carbon forms with inorganic nanoparticles,to create new charge and energy transfer processes.Notable materials for electrochemical energy-stor-age applications include MXenes,2D transition met-al carbides,and nitrides,carbon black,carbon aerogels,activated carbon,carbon nanotubes,conducting polymers,carbon fibers,and nanofibers,and graphene,because of their thermal,electrical,and mechanical properties.Carbon materials mixed with conducting polymers,ceramics,metal oxides,transition metal oxides,metal hydroxides,transition metal sulfides,trans-ition metal dichalcogenide,metal sulfides,carbides,nitrides,and biomass materials have received widespread attention due to their remarkable performance,eco-friendliness,cost-effectiveness,and renewability.This article explores the development of carbon-based hybrid materials for future supercapacitors,including electric double-layer capacitors,pseudocapacitors,and hy-brid supercapacitors.It investigates the difficulties that influence structural design,manufacturing(electrospinning,hydro-thermal/solvothermal,template-assisted synthesis,electrodeposition,electrospray,3D printing)techniques and the latest car-bon-based hybrid materials research offer practical solutions for producing high-performance,next-generation supercapacitors.展开更多
This review presents a comprehensive overview of recent advances in supercapacitor electrode materials,with a particular emphasis on the synergistic interactions between electrode materials and electrolytes.Beyond the...This review presents a comprehensive overview of recent advances in supercapacitor electrode materials,with a particular emphasis on the synergistic interactions between electrode materials and electrolytes.Beyond the conventional categorization of materials such as carbon-based materials,conducting polymers,and metal oxides,we focus on emerging nanostructured systems including MXenes,transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs),black phosphorus,and quantum dots.We highlight how engineering the electrode–electrolyte interface—through the use of ionic liquids,gelbased,and solid-state electrolytes—can enhance device performance by expanding voltage windows,improving cycling stability,and suppressing selfdischarge.展开更多
Developing innovative catalysts continues to be a pivotal interest within the heterogeneous catalysis area.The carbonaceous material ND@G,featuring a sp^(2)/sp^(3)hybrid architecture,comprises a nanodiamond(ND)core st...Developing innovative catalysts continues to be a pivotal interest within the heterogeneous catalysis area.The carbonaceous material ND@G,featuring a sp^(2)/sp^(3)hybrid architecture,comprises a nanodiamond(ND)core structure encased within an ultrathin graphitic nanoshell(G),and has been widely exploited as a metal-free catalyst or a support for metal catalyst.Its unique curved zero-dimensional structure/surface and tunable defective surface characteristics endow it with outstanding performance in different heterogeneous catalytic systems.The present review summarized the construction of the diverse types of ND@G and a wide-ranging valorization of structure-activity relation with its catalytic mechanism in various reactions.The recent advancements in the impact of active sites’architecture and the interaction between metal and support(preventing the as-formed metal species migration and agglomeration based on ND@G)on the catalytic performance of supported metal catalysts are particularly highlighted.The current challenges and outlooks/opportunities confronted by ND@G materials in catalysis are prospected by virtue of its fundamental physicochemical characterizations and potential catalytic estimation.This in-depth analysis seeks to pave the way for effective utilizing the ND@G in catalytic processes.Based on our knowledge,we also identify the challenges along with this area and offer some perspectives on how to overcome them.展开更多
High-performance lithium-ion batteries and sodium-ion batteries have been developed utilizing a hybrid anode material composed of zinc sulfide/sulfurized polyacrylonitrile.The in situ-generated zinc sulfide nanopartic...High-performance lithium-ion batteries and sodium-ion batteries have been developed utilizing a hybrid anode material composed of zinc sulfide/sulfurized polyacrylonitrile.The in situ-generated zinc sulfide nanoparticles serve as catalytic agents,significantly enhancing conductivity,shortening diffusion paths,and accelerating reaction kinetics.Simultaneously,the sulfurized polyacrylonitrile fibers form a three-dimensional matrix that not only provides a continuous network for rapid electron transfer but also prevents zinc sulfide nanoparticle aggregation and mitigates volume changes during charge-discharge cycles.Moreover,the heterointerface structure at the junction of zinc sulfide nanoparticles and the sulfurized polyacrylonitrile matrix increases the availability of active sites and facilitates both ion adsorption and electron transfer.As an anode material for lithium-ion batteries,the zinc sulfide/sulfurized polyacrylonitrile hybrid demonstrates a high reversible capacity of 1178 mAh g^(-1)after 100 cycles at a current density of 0.2 A g^(-1),maintaining a capacity of 788 mAh g^(-1)after 200 cycles at 1 A g^(-1).It also exhibits excellent sodium storage capabilities,retaining a capacity of 625 mAh g^(-1)after 150 cycles at 0.2 A g^(-1).Furthermore,ex-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,7Li solid-state magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance,and in situ Raman are employed to investigate the reaction mechanisms of the zinc sulfide/sulfurized polyacrylonitrile hybrid anode,providing valuable insights that pave the way for the advancement of hybrid anode materials in lithium-ion batteries and sodium-ion batteries.展开更多
Poly (EA-MAn-APTES)/silica hybrid materials were successfully prepared fromEthyl acrylate (EA), maleic anhydride (MAn) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) in the presence of acoupling agent 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTE...Poly (EA-MAn-APTES)/silica hybrid materials were successfully prepared fromEthyl acrylate (EA), maleic anhydride (MAn) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) in the presence of acoupling agent 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES),by free-radical solution polymerization and insitu sol-gel process. The mass fraction of TEOS varied from 0 to 25%. The hybrid materials werecharacterized by the methods of FT-IR spectra, solvent extraction, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) andthermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measuring apparatus to get their structures, gel contents,morphologies, particle sizes and thermal performances. The results show that the covalent bonds arebetween organic and inorganic phases, gel contents in the hybrid materials are much higher, theSiO_2 phase is well dispersed in the polymer matrix, silicon dioxide exist at nanoscale in thecomposites and have excellent thermal stability.展开更多
The increasingly severe electromagnetic microwave pollution raises higher requirements for the development of efficient microwave absorption(MA)materials.Metal sulfides are regarded as potential robust MA materials be...The increasingly severe electromagnetic microwave pollution raises higher requirements for the development of efficient microwave absorption(MA)materials.Metal sulfides are regarded as potential robust MA materials because of their unique optical,thermal,electrical,and magnetic properties,as well as the controllable microstructures.However,due to the limited MA performances of unary metal sulfides,morphology regulations and foreign materials hybridizations are adopted as effective strategies to improve their MA performances.Recent years witnessed the fast research progresses on the metal sulfides based MA materials and thus,a systematic literature survey on the materials design,fabrication,characterizations,MA behaviors,and the mechanisms behind is,highly desirable to summarize the rapid progress of this hot research area so as to provide guidance for the future development trend.This review firstly reviewed the research background,research progress,and basic principles of MA materials.Subsequently,the present synthetic methods and performance improvement strategies of metal sulfides based MA materials are systematically introduced.Then,by comparing the MA properties of one-dimensional,two-dimensional,and three-dimensional metal sulfides based composites,the influence of dimensionality and morphology on the MA properties are analyzed.By summarizing the research process of metal sulfides/dielectrics composites,metal sulfides/magnets composites,and metal sulfides/dielectrics/magnets composites MA materials,the influence of foreign materials hybridizations on the loss mechanisms and impedance matching conditions of metal sulfides based composites are revealed.Finally,the challenges and development prospects of metal sulfides based MA materials are presented.This review would provide a comprehensive understanding and insightful guidance for the exploration and development of efficient MA materials with thin thickness,light weight,wide absorption bandwidth,and strong absorption intensity.展开更多
Naturally derived nanocellulose with unique physiochemical properties and giant potentials as renewable smart nanomaterials opens up endless novel advanced functional materials for multi-sensing applications.However,i...Naturally derived nanocellulose with unique physiochemical properties and giant potentials as renewable smart nanomaterials opens up endless novel advanced functional materials for multi-sensing applications.However,integrating inorganic functional two-dimensional carbon materials such as graphene has realized hybrid organic-inorganic nanocomposite materials with precisely tailored properties and multi-sensing abilities.Altogether,the affinity,stability,dispersibility,modification,and functionalization are some of the key merits permitting their synergistic interfacial interactions,which exhibited highly advanced multifunctional hybrid nanocomposites with desirable properties.Moreover,the high performance of such hybrids could be achievable through green and straightforward approaches.In this context,the review covered the most advanced nanocellulose-graphene hybrids,focusing on their synthetization,functionalization,fabrication,and multi-sensing applications.These hybrid films exhibited great potentials as a multifunctional sensing platform for numerous mechanical,environmental,and human bio-signals detections,mimicking,and in-situ monitoring.展开更多
Nanocarbon materials play a critical role in the development of new or improved technologies and devices for sustainable production and use of renewable energy. This perspective paper defines some of the trends and ou...Nanocarbon materials play a critical role in the development of new or improved technologies and devices for sustainable production and use of renewable energy. This perspective paper defines some of the trends and outlooks in this exciting area, with the effort of evidencing some of the possibilities offered from the growing level of knowledge, as testified from the exponentially rising number of publications, and putting bases for a more rational design of these nanomaterials. The basic members of the new carbon family are fullerene, graphene, and carbon nanotube. Derived from them are carbon quantum dots, nanohorn, nanofiber, nano ribbon, nanocapsulate, nanocage and other nanomorphologies. Second generation nanocarbons are those which have been modified by surface functionalization or doping with heteroatoms to create specific tailored properties. The third generation of nanocarbons is the nanoarchitectured supramolecular hybrids or composites of the first and second genera- tion nanocarbons, or with organic or inorganic species. The advantages of the new carbon materials, relating to the field of sustainable energy, are discussed, evidencing the unique properties that they offer for developing next generation solar devices and energy storage solutions.展开更多
Photoluminescent hybrid materials containing carboxymethyl cellulose and lanthanide ions（Eu3＋, Tb3＋）were prepared by a facile method under ambient conditions. Lanthanide ions were covalently grafted to the cellulo...Photoluminescent hybrid materials containing carboxymethyl cellulose and lanthanide ions（Eu3＋, Tb3＋）were prepared by a facile method under ambient conditions. Lanthanide ions were covalently grafted to the cellulose framework through coordination with the carboxylic groups of the cellulose. Hybrid materials were fabricated as hydrogel and aerogel. As shown by SEM and pore parameters, aerogel materials which were obtained by supercritical CO2 drying show hierarchical porous structure. The photoluminescence spectrum of the hybrid materials shows the characteristic red emission of Eu3＋ ion and green emission of Tb3＋. Further luminescent investigations reveal that these hybrid materials can detect Fe3＋ with relative selectivity and high sensitivity, which suggests that the hybrid materials could be a promising luminescent probe for selectively sensing Fe3＋ ion.展开更多
Hybrid materials of vanadium nitride and porous carbon nanoparticles(VN/PCNPs) were fabricated by a facile pyrolysis process of vanadium pentoxide(V_2O_5) xerogel and melamine at relatively low temperature of 800 ...Hybrid materials of vanadium nitride and porous carbon nanoparticles(VN/PCNPs) were fabricated by a facile pyrolysis process of vanadium pentoxide(V_2O_5) xerogel and melamine at relatively low temperature of 800 °C for supercapacitor application. The effects of the feed ratio of V_2O_5 to melamine(r), and nitrogen flow rate on the microstructure and electrochemical performance were also investigated. It was found that the size of the as-synthesized nanoparticles is about 20 nm. Both r value and N_2 flow rate have enormous impacts on morphology and microstructure of the nanoparticle, which correspondingly determined the electrochemical performance of the material. The VN/C hybrid nanoparticles exhibited high capacitive properties, and a maximum specific capacitance of 255.0 Fg^(-1) was achieved at a current density of 1.0 Ag^(-1) in 2 M KOH aqueous electrolyte and the potential range from 0 to -1.15 V. In addition,symmetrical supercapacitor fabricated with the as-synthesized VN/PCNPs presents a high specific capacitance of 43.5 F g^(-1) at 0.5 A g^(-1) based on the entire cell, and an energy density of 8.0 Wh kg^(-1) when the power density was 575 W kg^(-1). Even when the power density increased to 2831.5 W kg^(-1), the energy density still remained 6.1 Wh kg^(-1).展开更多
Mesoporous poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride)/silica hybrid materials have been prepared. The synthesis was achieved by the HCl-catalyzed sol-gel reactions of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and styrene-maleic anhydrid...Mesoporous poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride)/silica hybrid materials have been prepared. The synthesis was achieved by the HCl-catalyzed sol-gel reactions of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer in the presence of 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES) as a coupling agent and citric acid as a nonsurfactant template or pore-forming agent, followed by ethanol extraction. Characterization results from nitrogen sorption isotherms and powder X-ray diffraction indicate that polymer-modified mesoporous materials with large specific surface areas (e.g. 900 m(2)/g) and pore volumes (e.g. 0.6 cm(3)/g) could be prepared. As the citric acid concentration is increased, the specific surface areas, pore volumes and pore diameters of the hybrid materials increase.展开更多
The characteristic evaluation of aluminum oxide （A1203）/carbon nanotubes （CNTs） hybrid composites for micro-electrical discharge machining （EDM） was described. Alumina matrix composites reinforced with CNTs were...The characteristic evaluation of aluminum oxide （A1203）/carbon nanotubes （CNTs） hybrid composites for micro-electrical discharge machining （EDM） was described. Alumina matrix composites reinforced with CNTs were fabricated by a catalytic chemical vapor deposition method. A1203 composites with different CNT concentrations were synthesized. The electrical characteristic of A1203/CNTs composites was examined. These composites were machined by the EDM process according to the various EDM parameters, and the characteristics of machining were analyzed using field emission scanning electron microscope （FESEM）. The electrical conductivity has a increasing tendency as the CNTs content is increased and has a critical point at 5% A1203 （volume fraction）. In the machining accuracy, many tangles of CNT in A1203/CNTs composites cause violent spark. Thus, it causes the poor dimensional accuracy and circularity. The results show that conductivity of the materials and homogeneous distribution of CNTs in the matrix are important factors for micro-EDM of A1203/CNTs hybrid composites.展开更多
The unique luminescent performance of lanthanide complexes/clay minerals hybrid materials has been fascinating many researchers for recent decades.It not only retains the excellent luminescent characteristics of lanth...The unique luminescent performance of lanthanide complexes/clay minerals hybrid materials has been fascinating many researchers for recent decades.It not only retains the excellent luminescent characteristics of lanthanide complexes but also improves the poor stability of the complexes.In this article,we introduce the luminescence mechanism of lanthanide complexes and point out the necessity of their combination with clay minerals.After the analysis of the structure and interlayer environment differences of 1:1-type and 2:1-type clay minerals,the intercalation methods(covalent grafting and ion exchange)appropriate for different clay minerals are summarized with examples.Based on the luminescence characteristics of the hybrid materials,the applications of these materials as luminescent probes in recognition of specific metal cations and molecules,detection of pH value,and temperature are reviewed.Finally,the current problems in the preparation of lanthanide complexes/clay minerals hybrid luminescent materials and shortcomings that need improvement in their performance are analyzed,and the application prospect is forecast.展开更多
By employing a rational approach,we prepared a novel kind of luminescent europium-centered hybrid material named Eu(tta)_(3)NCP-TiO_(2).The resulting material was characterized by FT-IR spectra,SEM,X-ray diffraction,t...By employing a rational approach,we prepared a novel kind of luminescent europium-centered hybrid material named Eu(tta)_(3)NCP-TiO_(2).The resulting material was characterized by FT-IR spectra,SEM,X-ray diffraction,thermogravimetric analysis,and photoluminescence spectra.The hybrid material features the combined advantages of the europium complex and the titania host,exhibiting not only good thermostability,but also long luminescence lifetime.Owing to the excellent luminescence of this material,the application in detecting organic small molecule solvents and metal ions was explored systematically.Significantly,Eu(tta)_(3)NCP-TiO_(2) exhibits superior detection for nitrobenzene molecule and Cu^(2+) ion in DMF(N,N-dimethylformamide) medium.Furthermore,the limit of detection(LOD) of Eu(tta)_(3)NCP-TiO_(2) for nitrobenzene and Cu^(2+) ion can be counted as 5.593× 10^(-5) and 9.566 ×10^(-5) mol/L,respectively.The results demonstrate that Eu(tta)_(3)NCP-TiO_(2) can serve as an efficient fluorescence probe for the detection of sensing of nitrobenzene and Cu^(2+) ion.展开更多
Ethyl methacrylate (EMA) doped with luminescent ternary terbium complex (Tb(acac) 3·dam) with acetylacetone (Hacac) and diantipylmethane (dam) was incorporated into the microporous silica gel. With the polymeriz...Ethyl methacrylate (EMA) doped with luminescent ternary terbium complex (Tb(acac) 3·dam) with acetylacetone (Hacac) and diantipylmethane (dam) was incorporated into the microporous silica gel. With the polymerization of EMA, the hybrid material containing Tb(acac) 3·dam was obtained. The hybrid material exhibited good toughness and transparency and higher thermal stability than that of the pure complex and pure polymer matrix. In the range of doping concentration of Tb(acac) 3·dam (0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0% and 5.0%), emission intensity increases with the increasing of corresponding doping concentration and concentration quenching effect has not taken place.展开更多
We describe the sol-gel synthesis of a new family of organic-inorganic hybrid materials, in which various vinyl polymers are covalently bonded to and uniformly distributed in inorganic oxide matrices. The materials ca...We describe the sol-gel synthesis of a new family of organic-inorganic hybrid materials, in which various vinyl polymers are covalently bonded to and uniformly distributed in inorganic oxide matrices. The materials can be tailored to have both good toughness and hardness while maintaining excellent optical transparency. Doping the sol-gel metal oxides with optically active compounds such as D-glucose results in new optical rotatory composite materials. Removal of the dopant compounds from the composites affords mesoporous oxide materials; which represents a new, nonsurfactant-templated route to mesoporous molecular sieves. We have successfully immobilized a series of enzymes and other bioactive agents in mesoporous materials. Catalytical activities of the enzyme encapsulated in mesoporous materials were found to be much higher than those encapsulated in microporous materials.展开更多
This paper presents a hybrid graded element model for the transient heat conduction problem in functionally graded materials （FGMs）. First, a Laplace transform approach is used to handle the time variable. Then, a f...This paper presents a hybrid graded element model for the transient heat conduction problem in functionally graded materials （FGMs）. First, a Laplace transform approach is used to handle the time variable. Then, a fundamental solution in Laplace space for FGMs is constructed. Next, a hybrid graded element is formulated based on the obtained fundamental solution and a frame field. As a result, the graded properties of FGMs are naturally reflected by using the fundamental solution to interpolate the intra-element field. Further, Stefest＇s algorithm is employed to convert the results in Laplace space back into the time-space domain. Finally, the performance of the proposed method is assessed by several benchmark examples. The results demonstrate well the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method.展开更多
A novel covalently bonded Eu3＋-based silica hybrid material was designed and its spectrophotometric anion sensing property was studied. The fluorescent receptor （europium complex） was covalently grafted to the sili...A novel covalently bonded Eu3＋-based silica hybrid material was designed and its spectrophotometric anion sensing property was studied. The fluorescent receptor （europium complex） was covalently grafted to the silica matrix via a sol-gel approach. FTIR, UV-vis spectra, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, X-ray diffraction （XRD） and photoluminescent spectra were characterized, and the results revealed that the hybrid material with nanosphere structure displayed excellent photophysical property. In addition, the selective anion sensing property of the hybrid material was studied by UV-vis and fluorescence spectra. The results showed that the hybrid material exhibited a smart response with fluoride anions.展开更多
An inorganicDorganic hybrid crystalline material(SiMo_(12)O_(40))[Cu(2,2'-bipy)_(2)]_(2)·2H_(2)O(Complex 1,2,2'-bipy=2,2'-bipyridine)was synthesized for the first time by using 2,2'-bipy and trans...An inorganicDorganic hybrid crystalline material(SiMo_(12)O_(40))[Cu(2,2'-bipy)_(2)]_(2)·2H_(2)O(Complex 1,2,2'-bipy=2,2'-bipyridine)was synthesized for the first time by using 2,2'-bipy and transition metal copper to convert Waugh-type polyoxometalate[MnMo_(9)O_(3)_(2)]_(6-)into a Keggin polyoxometalate structure[SiMo_(12)O_(40)]^(4-)under hydrothermal conditions in glass vials.Single crystal tests and a series of characterizations were carried out on Complex 1.The structure of Complex 1 is composed of[SiMo_(12)O_(40)]^(4-)and[Cu^(Ⅱ)(2,2'-bipy)_(2)]^(2+).The five-coordinated Cu is connected to two 2,2'-bipy through CuDN bonds,forming an approximately square structure.Astonishingly,Complex 1 exhibited good photocatalytic performance for methylene blue degradation and electrocatalytic nitrite reduction properties simultaneously.展开更多
The MWCNT-Ti02 hybrid materials were prepared by a simply mixing method and used as a counter electrode （CE） for dye-sensitized solar cells. Compared with the platinum CE, MWCNT-TiO2 CE has the similar redox voltage...The MWCNT-Ti02 hybrid materials were prepared by a simply mixing method and used as a counter electrode （CE） for dye-sensitized solar cells. Compared with the platinum CE, MWCNT-TiO2 CE has the similar redox voltage and current response in the cyclic voltammetry. The electrochemical catalytic activity was characterized by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and Tafel curve, including the equivalent circuit, the exchange current density, the limiting diffusion current density, and the diffusion coefficient of triiodide/iodide redox species. The results indicate that the reduction process from triiodide to iodide is determined by the kinetic-controlled and diffusion-limited processes. The device performance is optimal based on the MWCNT-TiO2 （mass ratio of 2：1） CE, such as the open-circuit voltage of 0.72 V, the short-circuit photocurrent density of 15.71 mA/cm2, the fill factor of 0.68, and the photon-to-electron conversion efficiency of 7.69%.展开更多
文摘Supercapacitors are gaining popularity due to their high cycling stability,power density,and fast charge and discharge rates.Researchers are ex-ploring electrode materials,electrolytes,and separat-ors for cost-effective energy storage systems.Ad-vances in materials science have led to the develop-ment of hybrid nanomaterials,such as combining fil-amentous carbon forms with inorganic nanoparticles,to create new charge and energy transfer processes.Notable materials for electrochemical energy-stor-age applications include MXenes,2D transition met-al carbides,and nitrides,carbon black,carbon aerogels,activated carbon,carbon nanotubes,conducting polymers,carbon fibers,and nanofibers,and graphene,because of their thermal,electrical,and mechanical properties.Carbon materials mixed with conducting polymers,ceramics,metal oxides,transition metal oxides,metal hydroxides,transition metal sulfides,trans-ition metal dichalcogenide,metal sulfides,carbides,nitrides,and biomass materials have received widespread attention due to their remarkable performance,eco-friendliness,cost-effectiveness,and renewability.This article explores the development of carbon-based hybrid materials for future supercapacitors,including electric double-layer capacitors,pseudocapacitors,and hy-brid supercapacitors.It investigates the difficulties that influence structural design,manufacturing(electrospinning,hydro-thermal/solvothermal,template-assisted synthesis,electrodeposition,electrospray,3D printing)techniques and the latest car-bon-based hybrid materials research offer practical solutions for producing high-performance,next-generation supercapacitors.
基金supported by the Technology Innovation Program of the Ministry of Trade,Industry and Energy(MOTIE)(project No.RS-2023-00266568)。
文摘This review presents a comprehensive overview of recent advances in supercapacitor electrode materials,with a particular emphasis on the synergistic interactions between electrode materials and electrolytes.Beyond the conventional categorization of materials such as carbon-based materials,conducting polymers,and metal oxides,we focus on emerging nanostructured systems including MXenes,transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs),black phosphorus,and quantum dots.We highlight how engineering the electrode–electrolyte interface—through the use of ionic liquids,gelbased,and solid-state electrolytes—can enhance device performance by expanding voltage windows,improving cycling stability,and suppressing selfdischarge.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22202217)the National Natural Science Foundation of Gansu(24JRRA046)+1 种基金the Department of Science&Technology of Shandong Province for their assistance(2023CXGC010607)the Joint Fund of Shandong Energy Institute and Enterprise(SEI U202308)。
文摘Developing innovative catalysts continues to be a pivotal interest within the heterogeneous catalysis area.The carbonaceous material ND@G,featuring a sp^(2)/sp^(3)hybrid architecture,comprises a nanodiamond(ND)core structure encased within an ultrathin graphitic nanoshell(G),and has been widely exploited as a metal-free catalyst or a support for metal catalyst.Its unique curved zero-dimensional structure/surface and tunable defective surface characteristics endow it with outstanding performance in different heterogeneous catalytic systems.The present review summarized the construction of the diverse types of ND@G and a wide-ranging valorization of structure-activity relation with its catalytic mechanism in various reactions.The recent advancements in the impact of active sites’architecture and the interaction between metal and support(preventing the as-formed metal species migration and agglomeration based on ND@G)on the catalytic performance of supported metal catalysts are particularly highlighted.The current challenges and outlooks/opportunities confronted by ND@G materials in catalysis are prospected by virtue of its fundamental physicochemical characterizations and potential catalytic estimation.This in-depth analysis seeks to pave the way for effective utilizing the ND@G in catalytic processes.Based on our knowledge,we also identify the challenges along with this area and offer some perspectives on how to overcome them.
基金supported by“regional innovation mega project”program through the Korea Innovation Foundation funded by Ministry of Science and ICT(Project Number:2023-DD-UP-0026)the Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning(KETEP)and the Ministry of Trade,Industry&Energy(MOTIE)(No.RS-2024-00509401,RS-2023-00217581)“Regional Innovation Strategy(RIS)”through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(MOE)(2021RIS-001).
文摘High-performance lithium-ion batteries and sodium-ion batteries have been developed utilizing a hybrid anode material composed of zinc sulfide/sulfurized polyacrylonitrile.The in situ-generated zinc sulfide nanoparticles serve as catalytic agents,significantly enhancing conductivity,shortening diffusion paths,and accelerating reaction kinetics.Simultaneously,the sulfurized polyacrylonitrile fibers form a three-dimensional matrix that not only provides a continuous network for rapid electron transfer but also prevents zinc sulfide nanoparticle aggregation and mitigates volume changes during charge-discharge cycles.Moreover,the heterointerface structure at the junction of zinc sulfide nanoparticles and the sulfurized polyacrylonitrile matrix increases the availability of active sites and facilitates both ion adsorption and electron transfer.As an anode material for lithium-ion batteries,the zinc sulfide/sulfurized polyacrylonitrile hybrid demonstrates a high reversible capacity of 1178 mAh g^(-1)after 100 cycles at a current density of 0.2 A g^(-1),maintaining a capacity of 788 mAh g^(-1)after 200 cycles at 1 A g^(-1).It also exhibits excellent sodium storage capabilities,retaining a capacity of 625 mAh g^(-1)after 150 cycles at 0.2 A g^(-1).Furthermore,ex-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,7Li solid-state magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance,and in situ Raman are employed to investigate the reaction mechanisms of the zinc sulfide/sulfurized polyacrylonitrile hybrid anode,providing valuable insights that pave the way for the advancement of hybrid anode materials in lithium-ion batteries and sodium-ion batteries.
文摘Poly (EA-MAn-APTES)/silica hybrid materials were successfully prepared fromEthyl acrylate (EA), maleic anhydride (MAn) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) in the presence of acoupling agent 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES),by free-radical solution polymerization and insitu sol-gel process. The mass fraction of TEOS varied from 0 to 25%. The hybrid materials werecharacterized by the methods of FT-IR spectra, solvent extraction, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) andthermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measuring apparatus to get their structures, gel contents,morphologies, particle sizes and thermal performances. The results show that the covalent bonds arebetween organic and inorganic phases, gel contents in the hybrid materials are much higher, theSiO_2 phase is well dispersed in the polymer matrix, silicon dioxide exist at nanoscale in thecomposites and have excellent thermal stability.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51572157,21902085 and 51702188)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2019QF012)+1 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.2018JC036 and 2018JC046)Shandong Key Research and Development Program(No.2019JZZY010312)。
文摘The increasingly severe electromagnetic microwave pollution raises higher requirements for the development of efficient microwave absorption(MA)materials.Metal sulfides are regarded as potential robust MA materials because of their unique optical,thermal,electrical,and magnetic properties,as well as the controllable microstructures.However,due to the limited MA performances of unary metal sulfides,morphology regulations and foreign materials hybridizations are adopted as effective strategies to improve their MA performances.Recent years witnessed the fast research progresses on the metal sulfides based MA materials and thus,a systematic literature survey on the materials design,fabrication,characterizations,MA behaviors,and the mechanisms behind is,highly desirable to summarize the rapid progress of this hot research area so as to provide guidance for the future development trend.This review firstly reviewed the research background,research progress,and basic principles of MA materials.Subsequently,the present synthetic methods and performance improvement strategies of metal sulfides based MA materials are systematically introduced.Then,by comparing the MA properties of one-dimensional,two-dimensional,and three-dimensional metal sulfides based composites,the influence of dimensionality and morphology on the MA properties are analyzed.By summarizing the research process of metal sulfides/dielectrics composites,metal sulfides/magnets composites,and metal sulfides/dielectrics/magnets composites MA materials,the influence of foreign materials hybridizations on the loss mechanisms and impedance matching conditions of metal sulfides based composites are revealed.Finally,the challenges and development prospects of metal sulfides based MA materials are presented.This review would provide a comprehensive understanding and insightful guidance for the exploration and development of efficient MA materials with thin thickness,light weight,wide absorption bandwidth,and strong absorption intensity.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFB1104300).
文摘Naturally derived nanocellulose with unique physiochemical properties and giant potentials as renewable smart nanomaterials opens up endless novel advanced functional materials for multi-sensing applications.However,integrating inorganic functional two-dimensional carbon materials such as graphene has realized hybrid organic-inorganic nanocomposite materials with precisely tailored properties and multi-sensing abilities.Altogether,the affinity,stability,dispersibility,modification,and functionalization are some of the key merits permitting their synergistic interfacial interactions,which exhibited highly advanced multifunctional hybrid nanocomposites with desirable properties.Moreover,the high performance of such hybrids could be achievable through green and straightforward approaches.In this context,the review covered the most advanced nanocellulose-graphene hybrids,focusing on their synthetization,functionalization,fabrication,and multi-sensing applications.These hybrid films exhibited great potentials as a multifunctional sensing platform for numerous mechanical,environmental,and human bio-signals detections,mimicking,and in-situ monitoring.
基金the financial support by MOST (2011CBA00504)NSFC (21133010, 50921004, 212111074) of China
文摘Nanocarbon materials play a critical role in the development of new or improved technologies and devices for sustainable production and use of renewable energy. This perspective paper defines some of the trends and outlooks in this exciting area, with the effort of evidencing some of the possibilities offered from the growing level of knowledge, as testified from the exponentially rising number of publications, and putting bases for a more rational design of these nanomaterials. The basic members of the new carbon family are fullerene, graphene, and carbon nanotube. Derived from them are carbon quantum dots, nanohorn, nanofiber, nano ribbon, nanocapsulate, nanocage and other nanomorphologies. Second generation nanocarbons are those which have been modified by surface functionalization or doping with heteroatoms to create specific tailored properties. The third generation of nanocarbons is the nanoarchitectured supramolecular hybrids or composites of the first and second genera- tion nanocarbons, or with organic or inorganic species. The advantages of the new carbon materials, relating to the field of sustainable energy, are discussed, evidencing the unique properties that they offer for developing next generation solar devices and energy storage solutions.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21161023,21661034)
文摘Photoluminescent hybrid materials containing carboxymethyl cellulose and lanthanide ions（Eu3＋, Tb3＋）were prepared by a facile method under ambient conditions. Lanthanide ions were covalently grafted to the cellulose framework through coordination with the carboxylic groups of the cellulose. Hybrid materials were fabricated as hydrogel and aerogel. As shown by SEM and pore parameters, aerogel materials which were obtained by supercritical CO2 drying show hierarchical porous structure. The photoluminescence spectrum of the hybrid materials shows the characteristic red emission of Eu3＋ ion and green emission of Tb3＋. Further luminescent investigations reveal that these hybrid materials can detect Fe3＋ with relative selectivity and high sensitivity, which suggests that the hybrid materials could be a promising luminescent probe for selectively sensing Fe3＋ ion.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51203071, 51363014 and 51463012)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2014M552509, 2015T81064)+2 种基金Natural Science Funds of the Gansu Province (2015GS05123)Program for Hongliu Distinguished Young Scholars in Lanzhou University of Technology (J201402)University Scientific Research Project of Gansu Province (2014B-025)
文摘Hybrid materials of vanadium nitride and porous carbon nanoparticles(VN/PCNPs) were fabricated by a facile pyrolysis process of vanadium pentoxide(V_2O_5) xerogel and melamine at relatively low temperature of 800 °C for supercapacitor application. The effects of the feed ratio of V_2O_5 to melamine(r), and nitrogen flow rate on the microstructure and electrochemical performance were also investigated. It was found that the size of the as-synthesized nanoparticles is about 20 nm. Both r value and N_2 flow rate have enormous impacts on morphology and microstructure of the nanoparticle, which correspondingly determined the electrochemical performance of the material. The VN/C hybrid nanoparticles exhibited high capacitive properties, and a maximum specific capacitance of 255.0 Fg^(-1) was achieved at a current density of 1.0 Ag^(-1) in 2 M KOH aqueous electrolyte and the potential range from 0 to -1.15 V. In addition,symmetrical supercapacitor fabricated with the as-synthesized VN/PCNPs presents a high specific capacitance of 43.5 F g^(-1) at 0.5 A g^(-1) based on the entire cell, and an energy density of 8.0 Wh kg^(-1) when the power density was 575 W kg^(-1). Even when the power density increased to 2831.5 W kg^(-1), the energy density still remained 6.1 Wh kg^(-1).
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 29874002) and the Outstanding Young Scientist Award from National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 29825504)
文摘Mesoporous poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride)/silica hybrid materials have been prepared. The synthesis was achieved by the HCl-catalyzed sol-gel reactions of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer in the presence of 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES) as a coupling agent and citric acid as a nonsurfactant template or pore-forming agent, followed by ethanol extraction. Characterization results from nitrogen sorption isotherms and powder X-ray diffraction indicate that polymer-modified mesoporous materials with large specific surface areas (e.g. 900 m(2)/g) and pore volumes (e.g. 0.6 cm(3)/g) could be prepared. As the citric acid concentration is increased, the specific surface areas, pore volumes and pore diameters of the hybrid materials increase.
基金Project(2010-0008-277) supported by Program of Establishment of an Infrastructure for Public Usepartly by NCRC (National Core Research Center) through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education
文摘The characteristic evaluation of aluminum oxide （A1203）/carbon nanotubes （CNTs） hybrid composites for micro-electrical discharge machining （EDM） was described. Alumina matrix composites reinforced with CNTs were fabricated by a catalytic chemical vapor deposition method. A1203 composites with different CNT concentrations were synthesized. The electrical characteristic of A1203/CNTs composites was examined. These composites were machined by the EDM process according to the various EDM parameters, and the characteristics of machining were analyzed using field emission scanning electron microscope （FESEM）. The electrical conductivity has a increasing tendency as the CNTs content is increased and has a critical point at 5% A1203 （volume fraction）. In the machining accuracy, many tangles of CNT in A1203/CNTs composites cause violent spark. Thus, it causes the poor dimensional accuracy and circularity. The results show that conductivity of the materials and homogeneous distribution of CNTs in the matrix are important factors for micro-EDM of A1203/CNTs hybrid composites.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51872269,42072053)。
文摘The unique luminescent performance of lanthanide complexes/clay minerals hybrid materials has been fascinating many researchers for recent decades.It not only retains the excellent luminescent characteristics of lanthanide complexes but also improves the poor stability of the complexes.In this article,we introduce the luminescence mechanism of lanthanide complexes and point out the necessity of their combination with clay minerals.After the analysis of the structure and interlayer environment differences of 1:1-type and 2:1-type clay minerals,the intercalation methods(covalent grafting and ion exchange)appropriate for different clay minerals are summarized with examples.Based on the luminescence characteristics of the hybrid materials,the applications of these materials as luminescent probes in recognition of specific metal cations and molecules,detection of pH value,and temperature are reviewed.Finally,the current problems in the preparation of lanthanide complexes/clay minerals hybrid luminescent materials and shortcomings that need improvement in their performance are analyzed,and the application prospect is forecast.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21473133,21173164)。
文摘By employing a rational approach,we prepared a novel kind of luminescent europium-centered hybrid material named Eu(tta)_(3)NCP-TiO_(2).The resulting material was characterized by FT-IR spectra,SEM,X-ray diffraction,thermogravimetric analysis,and photoluminescence spectra.The hybrid material features the combined advantages of the europium complex and the titania host,exhibiting not only good thermostability,but also long luminescence lifetime.Owing to the excellent luminescence of this material,the application in detecting organic small molecule solvents and metal ions was explored systematically.Significantly,Eu(tta)_(3)NCP-TiO_(2) exhibits superior detection for nitrobenzene molecule and Cu^(2+) ion in DMF(N,N-dimethylformamide) medium.Furthermore,the limit of detection(LOD) of Eu(tta)_(3)NCP-TiO_(2) for nitrobenzene and Cu^(2+) ion can be counted as 5.593× 10^(-5) and 9.566 ×10^(-5) mol/L,respectively.The results demonstrate that Eu(tta)_(3)NCP-TiO_(2) can serve as an efficient fluorescence probe for the detection of sensing of nitrobenzene and Cu^(2+) ion.
文摘Ethyl methacrylate (EMA) doped with luminescent ternary terbium complex (Tb(acac) 3·dam) with acetylacetone (Hacac) and diantipylmethane (dam) was incorporated into the microporous silica gel. With the polymerization of EMA, the hybrid material containing Tb(acac) 3·dam was obtained. The hybrid material exhibited good toughness and transparency and higher thermal stability than that of the pure complex and pure polymer matrix. In the range of doping concentration of Tb(acac) 3·dam (0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0% and 5.0%), emission intensity increases with the increasing of corresponding doping concentration and concentration quenching effect has not taken place.
基金This work has been supported by the US National Institutes of Health (No. RO1-DE09848 to YW) and Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC Nos. 29674001 and 19810760343 to KYQ and YW).
文摘We describe the sol-gel synthesis of a new family of organic-inorganic hybrid materials, in which various vinyl polymers are covalently bonded to and uniformly distributed in inorganic oxide matrices. The materials can be tailored to have both good toughness and hardness while maintaining excellent optical transparency. Doping the sol-gel metal oxides with optically active compounds such as D-glucose results in new optical rotatory composite materials. Removal of the dopant compounds from the composites affords mesoporous oxide materials; which represents a new, nonsurfactant-templated route to mesoporous molecular sieves. We have successfully immobilized a series of enzymes and other bioactive agents in mesoporous materials. Catalytical activities of the enzyme encapsulated in mesoporous materials were found to be much higher than those encapsulated in microporous materials.
文摘This paper presents a hybrid graded element model for the transient heat conduction problem in functionally graded materials （FGMs）. First, a Laplace transform approach is used to handle the time variable. Then, a fundamental solution in Laplace space for FGMs is constructed. Next, a hybrid graded element is formulated based on the obtained fundamental solution and a frame field. As a result, the graded properties of FGMs are naturally reflected by using the fundamental solution to interpolate the intra-element field. Further, Stefest＇s algorithm is employed to convert the results in Laplace space back into the time-space domain. Finally, the performance of the proposed method is assessed by several benchmark examples. The results demonstrate well the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21401040,21301047)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(B2014208160,B2014208091)
文摘A novel covalently bonded Eu3＋-based silica hybrid material was designed and its spectrophotometric anion sensing property was studied. The fluorescent receptor （europium complex） was covalently grafted to the silica matrix via a sol-gel approach. FTIR, UV-vis spectra, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, X-ray diffraction （XRD） and photoluminescent spectra were characterized, and the results revealed that the hybrid material with nanosphere structure displayed excellent photophysical property. In addition, the selective anion sensing property of the hybrid material was studied by UV-vis and fluorescence spectra. The results showed that the hybrid material exhibited a smart response with fluoride anions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21971221,21401162 and 22201244)Yangzhou University Interdisciplinary Research Foundation for Chemistry Discipline of Targeted Support(No.yzuxk202010)?Qing Lan Project?in Colleges and Universities of Jiangsu Province,the High-Level Entrepreneurial and Innovative Talents Program of Yangzhou University and the Lvyangjinfeng Talent Program of Yangzhou,and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M722688)。
文摘An inorganicDorganic hybrid crystalline material(SiMo_(12)O_(40))[Cu(2,2'-bipy)_(2)]_(2)·2H_(2)O(Complex 1,2,2'-bipy=2,2'-bipyridine)was synthesized for the first time by using 2,2'-bipy and transition metal copper to convert Waugh-type polyoxometalate[MnMo_(9)O_(3)_(2)]_(6-)into a Keggin polyoxometalate structure[SiMo_(12)O_(40)]^(4-)under hydrothermal conditions in glass vials.Single crystal tests and a series of characterizations were carried out on Complex 1.The structure of Complex 1 is composed of[SiMo_(12)O_(40)]^(4-)and[Cu^(Ⅱ)(2,2'-bipy)_(2)]^(2+).The five-coordinated Cu is connected to two 2,2'-bipy through CuDN bonds,forming an approximately square structure.Astonishingly,Complex 1 exhibited good photocatalytic performance for methylene blue degradation and electrocatalytic nitrite reduction properties simultaneously.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21173042)National Basic Research Program of China(No.2013CB932902)+2 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.3207043401)Science&Technology Support Project of Jiangsu(No.BE2013118)Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Material&Environmental Engineering(No.JHCG201012)
文摘The MWCNT-Ti02 hybrid materials were prepared by a simply mixing method and used as a counter electrode （CE） for dye-sensitized solar cells. Compared with the platinum CE, MWCNT-TiO2 CE has the similar redox voltage and current response in the cyclic voltammetry. The electrochemical catalytic activity was characterized by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and Tafel curve, including the equivalent circuit, the exchange current density, the limiting diffusion current density, and the diffusion coefficient of triiodide/iodide redox species. The results indicate that the reduction process from triiodide to iodide is determined by the kinetic-controlled and diffusion-limited processes. The device performance is optimal based on the MWCNT-TiO2 （mass ratio of 2：1） CE, such as the open-circuit voltage of 0.72 V, the short-circuit photocurrent density of 15.71 mA/cm2, the fill factor of 0.68, and the photon-to-electron conversion efficiency of 7.69%.
