In this study,the wave motion in elastodynamics for unbounded media is modeled using an unsplit-field perfectly matched layer(PML)formulation that is solved by employing an isogeometric analysis(IGA).In the adopted co...In this study,the wave motion in elastodynamics for unbounded media is modeled using an unsplit-field perfectly matched layer(PML)formulation that is solved by employing an isogeometric analysis(IGA).In the adopted combination,the non-uniform rational B-spline(NURBS)functions are employed as basis functions.Moreover,the unbounded and artificial domains,defined in the PML method,are contained in a single patch domain.Based on the proposed scheme,the approximation of the geometry problem is set in a new scheme in which the PML’s absorbing and attenuation properties and the description of traveling waves can be represented.This includes a higher continuity and smoother approximation of the computed domain.As high-order NURBS basis functions are non-interpolatory,a penalty method is present to apply a time-dependent displacement load.The performance of the NURBS-based PML is analyzed through numerical examples for 1D and 2D domains,considering homogeneous and heterogeneous media.Further,we verify the long-time numerical stability of the present method.The developed method can be used to simulate hypothetical stratified domains commonly encountered in soil-structure interaction analyses.展开更多
AIM:To compare analysis of the impact of high altitude on corneal endothelial cells,and the prognosis in patients with cataract surgeries.METHODS:Totally 265 plateau patients with cataract surgeries performed between ...AIM:To compare analysis of the impact of high altitude on corneal endothelial cells,and the prognosis in patients with cataract surgeries.METHODS:Totally 265 plateau patients with cataract surgeries performed between January 2019 and July 2022(average altitude=3000 m),and 524 plain patients with cataract surgeries performed between January 2020 and July 2022 were included.The propensity score matching(PSM)method was applied to match the basic information of patients in both regions on a 1:1 basis.Corneal endothelial cell density(ECD),coefficient of variation(CV),hexagonal cell ratio(HEX),duration of surgery,and pre-and postoperative visual acuity(VA)were compared retrospectively,and correlation tests were done.RESULTS:Totally 223 pairs have been matched successfully.The HEX in the plateau group was higher than that in the plain group(61.95%±6.191%vs 44.91%±6.829%,P<0.001).For ECD and CV,no significant differences were observed between both groups(P>0.1).The pre-and postoperative VA of patients with cataract surgeries in the plateau group were lower(1.40±0.610 vs 0.71±0.514,P<0.001&0.68±0.479 vs 0.18±0.259,P<0.001),and the duration of surgery was longer than those in the plain group(27.06±14.900 min vs 16.03±8.033 min,P<0.001).No significant associations were found between the post-operative VA and the corneal endothelial parameters(P>0.05),while the post-operative VA was significantly related to the pre-operative VA and the duration of surgery(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The relative hypoxic environment of the plateau does not promote the apoptosis of corneal endothelial cells,but may lead to the compensatory increase of their functions.In plateau patients,no significant associations are found between the poor VA and the corneal endothelial functions early after cataract surgeries.展开更多
Objective The objective of our study was to evaluate the vaccine effectiveness(VE)of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine(RV5)among<5-year-old children in three provinces of China during 2020-2024 via a propensity sco...Objective The objective of our study was to evaluate the vaccine effectiveness(VE)of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine(RV5)among<5-year-old children in three provinces of China during 2020-2024 via a propensity score-matched test-negative case-control study.Methods Electronic health records and immunization information systems were used to obtain data on acute gastroenteritis(AGE)cases tested for rotavirus(RV)infection.RV-positive cases were propensity score matched with RV-negative controls for age,visit month,and province.Results The study included 27,472 children with AGE aged 8 weeks to 4 years at the time of AGE diagnosis;7.98%(2,192)were RV-positive.The VE(95%confidence interval,CI)of 1-2 and 3 doses of RV5 against any medically attended RV infection(inpatient or outpatient)was 57.6%(39.8%,70.2%)and 67.2%(60.3%,72.9%),respectively.Among children who received the 3rd dose before turning 5 months of age,3-dose VE decreased from 70.4%(53.9%,81.1%)(<5 months since the 3rd dose)to 63.0%(49.1%,73.0%)(≥1 year since the 3rd dose).The three-dose VE rate was 69.4%(41.3%,84.0%)for RVGE hospitalization and 57.5%(38.9%,70.5%)for outpatient-only medically attended RVGE.Conclusion Three-dose RV5 VE against rotavirus gastroenteritis(RVGE)in children aged<5 years was higher than 1-2-dose VE.Three-dose VE decreased with time since the 3rd dose in children who received the 3rd dose before turning five months of age,but remained above 60%for at least one year.VE was higher for RVGE hospitalizations than for medically attended outpatient visits.展开更多
BACKGROUND Retrocecal appendicitis,the most common anatomical type,presents diagnostic and surgical challenges.Single-port laparoscopic appendectomy(SPLA)has been proposed as an alternative to multi-port laparoscopic ...BACKGROUND Retrocecal appendicitis,the most common anatomical type,presents diagnostic and surgical challenges.Single-port laparoscopic appendectomy(SPLA)has been proposed as an alternative to multi-port laparoscopic appendectomy(MPLA)with advancements in minimally invasive surgery.However,few studies have compared the perioperative outcomes between the SPLA and MPLA for retrocecal appendicitis.AIM To compare the efficacy and safety between the SPLA and MPLA in treating retrocecal appendicitis,focusing on perioperative outcomes.METHODS This retrospective study analyzed data from 1041 patients who underwent SPLA or MPLA at Konyang University Hospital between October 2011 and February 2023.Propensity score matching(PSM)was used to minimize selection bias,resulting in 235 patients in each group.Additionally,non-inferiority tests,post-hoc analysis,and multivariable regression analysis were performed to validate the results and assess factors affecting postoperative outcomes.RESULTS After PSM,SPLA showed shorter operation time(43.8±15.8 minutes vs 51.6±18.7 minutes;P<0.001)and lower estimated blood loss(EBL,6.5±7.8 mL vs 8.6±8.3 mL;P<0.001)than MPLA.No significant differences were observed in complications,pain scores,or length of hospital stay.SPLA was not inferior to MPLA in the main outcomes,except for the complication rate,where statistical power was insufficient.Multivariable regression confirmed SPLA as an independent factor for operation time and EBL.CONCLUSION SPLA is more feasible than MPLA for retrocecal appendicitis,offering advantages in operation time and estimated blood loss.This study supports SPLA as a viable alternative that enhances postoperative recovery.展开更多
BACKGROUND Patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)are at an increased risk of bacterial pneumonia,contributing to significant morbidity and mortality.While previous studies have identified various risk factors,i...BACKGROUND Patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)are at an increased risk of bacterial pneumonia,contributing to significant morbidity and mortality.While previous studies have identified various risk factors,including medications and comorbidities,the independent contribution of IBD to pneumonia risk remains unclear.We hypothesized that the increased pneumonia risk is primarily driven by factors other than IBD itself.AIM To investigate the relative contributions of IBD,comorbidities,and medications to pneumonia risk in patients with IBD.METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the All of Us Research Program database(2010-2022).We matched 2810 participants with IBD 1:1 with controls using four propensity score models:(1)Demographics/Lifestyle only;(2)Plus comorbidities;(3)Plus medications;and(4)All factors combined.Then we used Cox proportional hazards models to assess pneumonia risk and logistic regression to evaluate risk factors.RESULTS In the primary analysis of 5620 matched participants,IBD was not independently associated with increased pneumonia risk[hazard ratio(HR)=1.07,95%CI:0.84-1.35]when matched for all factors.However,participants with IBD had significantly higher risk(HR=2.08,95%CI:1.56-2.78)when matched only for demographics and lifestyle factors.Within the IBD cohort,a high comorbidity burden(Charlson Comorbidity Index≥10)[odds ratio(OR)=12.20,95%CI:6.69-23.00]and systemic steroid use(OR=2.26,95%CI:1.21-4.64)were independently associated with increased pneumonia risk.CONCLUSION Comorbidities and systemic steroids,rather than IBD itself,drive pneumonia risk.Management should focus on these factors and prioritize vaccination in high-risk patients.展开更多
Constructing a protective layer on Zn anode surface with high lattice matching to Zn(002)can facilitate preferential growth along the(002)crystal plane and suppress dendritic growth as well as interface side reactions...Constructing a protective layer on Zn anode surface with high lattice matching to Zn(002)can facilitate preferential growth along the(002)crystal plane and suppress dendritic growth as well as interface side reactions.Whereas most of protective layers are complex and costly,making commercial applications challenging.Herein,we introduce a facile method involving the addition of CuCl_(2) electrolyte additives to conventional electrolyte systems,which,through rapid displacement reactions and controlled electrochemical cycling,forms a CuZn_(5) alloy layer with 97.2%lattice matching to the(002)plane(CuZn_(5)@Zn),thus regulating the(002)plane epitaxial deposition.As a result,the symmetric cells with CuZn_(5)@Zn demonstrate an ultra-long cycle life of 3600 h at 1 mA cm^(-2).Under extreme conditions of high current density(20 m A cm^(-2))and high zinc utilization(DOD_(Zn)=50%),stable cycling performance is maintained for 220 and 350 h,respectively.Furthermore,the CuZn_(5)@Zn||NH_(4)V_(4)O_(10)full cell maintains a capacity of 120 m A h g^(-1)even after 10,000 cycles at a high current density of 10 A g^(-1).This work presents a facile and efficient strategy for constructing stable metal anode materials,with implications for the development of next-generation rechargeable batteries.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)are vulnerable to community-acquired pneumonia(CAP),which have a high mortality rate.We aimed to investigate the value of heparin-binding protein(HBP)as a prognostic marke...BACKGROUND:Patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)are vulnerable to community-acquired pneumonia(CAP),which have a high mortality rate.We aimed to investigate the value of heparin-binding protein(HBP)as a prognostic marker of mortality in patients with DM and CAP.METHODS:This retrospective study included CAP patients who were tested for HBP at intensive care unit(ICU)admission from January 2019 to April 2020.Patients were allocated to the DM or non-DM group and paired with propensity score matching.Baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes up to 90 days were evaluated.The primary outcome was the 10-day mortality.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves,Kaplan-Meier analysis,and Cox regression were used for statistical analysis.RESULTS:Among 152 enrolled patients,60 pairs were successfully matched.There was no significant difference in 10-day mortality,while more patients in the DM group died within 28 d(P=0.024)and 90 d(P=0.008).In the DM group,HBP levels at ICU admission were higher in 10-day non-survivors than in 10-day survivors(median 182.21[IQR:55.43-300]ng/ml vs.median 66.40[IQR:34.13-107.85]ng/mL,P=0.019),and HBP levels could predict the 10-day mortality with an area under the ROC curve of 0.747.The cut-off value,sensitivity,and specificity were 160.6 ng/mL,66.7%,and 90.2%,respectively.Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that HBP was an independent prognostic factor for 10-day(HR 7.196,95%CI:1.596-32.455,P=0.01),28-day(HR 4.381,95%CI:1.449-13.245,P=0.009),and 90-day mortality(HR 4.581,95%CI:1.637-12.819,P=0.004)in patients with DM.CONCLUSION:Plasma HBP at ICU admission was associated with the 10-day,28-day,and 90-day mortality,and might be a prognostic factor in patients with DM and CAP.展开更多
BACKGROUND Endoscopic resection(ER)and laparoscopic resection(LR)have been widely used for the treatment of non-metastatic gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors(gGISTs)(2-5 cm),but there are no selection criteria fo...BACKGROUND Endoscopic resection(ER)and laparoscopic resection(LR)have been widely used for the treatment of non-metastatic gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors(gGISTs)(2-5 cm),but there are no selection criteria for their application.AIM To provide a reference for the development of standardized treatment strategies for gGISTs.METHODS Clinical baseline characteristics,histopathological results,and short-term and long-term outcomes of patients who treated with ER or LR for gGISTs of 2-5 cm in Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province from January 2014 to August 2022 were retrospectively reviewed.Propensity score matching(PSM)was employed to achieve balance in baseline characteristics of the two groups.RESULTS Among 206 patients,135 were in the ER group and 71 in the LR group.The ER group had significantly smaller tumors[3.5 cm(3.0-4.0 cm)vs 4.2 cm(3.3-5.0 cm),P<0.001]and different tumor locations(P=0.048).After PSM,59 pairs of patients were balanced.After matching,the baseline characteristics of the ER and LR groups did not differ significantly from each other.Compared with LR,ER had faster recovery of diet(P=0.046)and fewer postoperative symptoms(P=0.040).LR achieved a higher complete resection rate(P<0.001)and shorter operation time(P<0.001).No significant differences were observed in postoperative hospital stay(P=0.478),hospital costs(P=0.469),complication rates(P>0.999),pathological features(mitosis,P=0.262;National Institutes of Health risk classification,P=0.145),recurrence rates(P=0.476),or mortality rates(P=0.611).CONCLUSION Both ER and LR are safe and effective treatments for gGISTs.ER has less postoperative pain and faster recovery,while LR has a higher rate of complete resection.展开更多
The nonsplitting perfectly matched layer （NPML） absorbing boundary condition （ABC） was first provided by Wang and Tang （2003） for the finite-difference simulation of elastic wave propagation in solids. In this p...The nonsplitting perfectly matched layer （NPML） absorbing boundary condition （ABC） was first provided by Wang and Tang （2003） for the finite-difference simulation of elastic wave propagation in solids. In this paper, the method is developed to extend the NPML to simulating elastic wave propagation in poroelastic media. Biot＇s equations are discretized and approximated to a staggered-grid by applying a fourth-order accurate central difference in space and a second-order accurate central difference in time. A cylindrical twolayer seismic model and a borehole model are chosen to validate the effectiveness of the NPML. The results show that the numerical solutions agree well with the solutions of the discrete wavenumber （DW） method.展开更多
Reverse-time migration in finite space requires effective boundary processing technology to eliminate the artificial truncation boundary effect in the migration result.On the basis of the elastic velocity-stress equat...Reverse-time migration in finite space requires effective boundary processing technology to eliminate the artificial truncation boundary effect in the migration result.On the basis of the elastic velocity-stress equations in vertical transversely isotropic media and the idea of the conventional split perfectly matched layer（PML）,the PML wave equations in reverse-time migration are derived in this paper and then the high order staggered grid discrete schemes are subsequently given.Aiming at the＂reflections＂from the boundary to the computational domain,as well as the effect of seismic event＇s abrupt changes at the two ends of the seismic array,the PML arrangement in reverse-time migration is given.The synthetic and real elastic,prestack,multi-component,reverse-time depth migration results demonstrate that this method has much better absorbing effects than other methods and the joint migration produces good imaging results.展开更多
The perfectly matched layer （PML） is a highly efficient absorbing boundary condition used for the numerical modeling of seismic wave equation. The article focuses on the application of this technique to finite-eleme...The perfectly matched layer （PML） is a highly efficient absorbing boundary condition used for the numerical modeling of seismic wave equation. The article focuses on the application of this technique to finite-element time-domain numerical modeling of elastic wave equation. However, the finite-element time-domain scheme is based on the second- order wave equation in displacement formulation. Thus, the first-order PML in velocity-stress formulation cannot be directly applied to this scheme. In this article, we derive the finite- element matrix equations of second-order PML in displacement formulation, and accomplish the implementation of PML in finite-element time-domain modeling of elastic wave equation. The PML has an approximate zero reflection coefficients for bulk and surface waves in the finite-element modeling of P-SV and SH wave propagation in the 2D homogeneous elastic media. The numerical experiments using a two-layer model with irregular topography validate the efficiency of PML in the modeling of seismic wave propagation in geological models with complex structures and heterogeneous media.展开更多
Based on the principle of the neuron MOS device,a novel matched filter structure which is easily realized by neuron MOS is presented and the details of circuit performance is analyzed.Compared to the conventional stru...Based on the principle of the neuron MOS device,a novel matched filter structure which is easily realized by neuron MOS is presented and the details of circuit performance is analyzed.Compared to the conventional structure,the number of circuit elements is decreased greatly for the same function.The test chip is fabricated in 0.35μm process,and the measured result shows that the system structure is feasible and effective.展开更多
As an efficient artificial truncating boundary condition, conformal perfectly matched layer (CPML) is a kind of multilayer anisotropic absorbing media. To reduce computing effort of CPML, this article proposes a layer...As an efficient artificial truncating boundary condition, conformal perfectly matched layer (CPML) is a kind of multilayer anisotropic absorbing media. To reduce computing effort of CPML, this article proposes a layer-oriented element integration algorithm. In this algorithm, the relative dielectric constant and permeability are considered as constants for each the very thin monolayer of CPML, and the element integration of multilayer along the normal direction is substituted by the element integration of m...展开更多
Study of radiation properties of mismatched microstrip termination is carried out in warm ionized electron plasma medium. Linearised hydrodynamic theory coupled with vector wave technique is used to investigate radiat...Study of radiation properties of mismatched microstrip termination is carried out in warm ionized electron plasma medium. Linearised hydrodynamic theory coupled with vector wave technique is used to investigate radiation patterns and radiated power of a microstrip mismatched termination in one component electron plasma media for different plasma to source frequencies .These properties are used to compare the performance of an open circuit discontinuity with those of matched microstrip termination. Matched terminations are found more suitable for applications at higher frequencies than an open circuit discontinuity in the plasma medium though in free space they are less suitable.展开更多
When simulating seismic wave propagation in free space, it is essential to introduce absorbing boundary conditions to eliminate reflections from artificially trtmcated boundaries. In this paper, a damping factor refer...When simulating seismic wave propagation in free space, it is essential to introduce absorbing boundary conditions to eliminate reflections from artificially trtmcated boundaries. In this paper, a damping factor referred to as the Gaussian dmping factor is proposed. The Gaussian damping factor is based on the idea of perfectly matched layers （PMLs）. This work presents a detailed analysis of the theoretical foundations and advantages of the Gaussian damping factor. Additionally, numerical experiments for the simulation of seismic waves are presented based on two numerical models： a homogeneous model and a multi-layer model. The results show that the proposed factor works better. The Gaussian damping factor achieves a higher Signal-to-Noise Ratio （SNR） than previously used factors when using same number of PMLs, and requires less PMLs than other methods to achieve an identical SNR.展开更多
AIM: To compare shortand long-term outcomes of laparoscopy-assisted and open distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed by comparing the outcomes of 54 patients who underwent l...AIM: To compare shortand long-term outcomes of laparoscopy-assisted and open distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed by comparing the outcomes of 54 patients who underwent laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) with those of 54 patients who underwent open distal gastrectomy (ODG) between October 2004 and October 2007. The patients' demographic data (age and gender), date of surgery, extent of lymphadenectomy, and differentiation and tumor-node-metastasis stage of the tumor were examined. The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative recovery, complications, pathological findings, and follow-up data were compared between the two groups.RESULTS: The mean operative time was significantly longer in the LADG group than in the ODG group (259.3 ± 46.2 min vs 199.8 ± 40.85 min; P < 0.05), whereas intraoperative blood loss and postoperative complications were significantly lower (160.2 ± 85.9 mL vs 257.8 ± 151.0 mL; 13.0% vs 24.1%, respectively, P < 0.05). In addition, the time to first flatus, time to initiate oral intake, and postoperative hospital stay were significantly shorter in the LADG group than in the ODG group (3.9 ± 1.4 d vs 4.4 ± 1.5 d; 4.6 ± 1.2 d vs 5.6 ± 2.1 d; and 9.5 ± 2.7 d vs 11.1 ± 4.1 d, respectively; P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the LADG group and ODG group with regard to the number of harvested lymph nodes. The median followup was 60 mo (range, 5-97 mo). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year disease-free survival rates were 94.3%, 90.2%, and 76.7%, respectively, in the LADG group and 89.5%, 84.7%, and 82.3%, respectively, in the ODG group. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 98.0%, 91.9%, and 81.1%, respectively, in the LADG group and 91.5%, 86.9%, and 82.1%, respectively, in the ODG group. There was no significant difference between the two groups with regard to the survival rate. CONCLUSION: LADG is suitable and minimally invasive for treating distal gastric cancer and can achieve similar long-term results to ODG.展开更多
We present a high-resolution seismic catalog for the 2021 M_(S)6.4/M_(W)6.1 Yangbi sequence.The catalog has a time range of 2021-05-01 to 2021-05-28,and contains~8,000 well located events.It captures the features of t...We present a high-resolution seismic catalog for the 2021 M_(S)6.4/M_(W)6.1 Yangbi sequence.The catalog has a time range of 2021-05-01 to 2021-05-28,and contains~8,000 well located events.It captures the features of the whole foreshock sequence and the early aftershocks.We designed a detection strategy incorporating both an artificial intelligent(AI)picker and a matched filter algorithm.Here,we adopt a hybrid AI method incorporating convolutional and recurrent neural network(CNN&RNN)for event detection and phase picking respectively(i.e.CERP),a light-weight AI picker that can be trained with small volume of data.CERP is first trained with detections from a STA/LTA and Kurtosis-based method called PAL,and then construct a rather complete template set of~4,000 events.Finally,the matched filter algorithm MESS augments the initial detections and measures differential travel times with cross-correlation,which finally results in precise relocation.This process gives 9,026 detections,among which 7,943 events can be well relocated.The catalog shows as expected power-law distribution of frequency magnitude and reveals detailed pattern of seismicity evolution.The main features are:(1)the foreshock sequence images simple fault geometry with consistent strike,but also show a variable event depth along strike;(2)the mainshock ruptures the same fault of the foreshock sequence and activate conjugate faults further to the southeast;(3)complex seismicity are developed in the post-seismic period,indicating complex triggering mechanisms.Thus,our catalog provides a reliable basis for further investigations,such as b-value studies,rupture process,and triggering relations.展开更多
The perfectly matched layer(PML) is an effective technique for truncating unbounded domains with minimal spurious reflections. A fluid parabolic equation(PE) model applying PML technique was previously used to analyze...The perfectly matched layer(PML) is an effective technique for truncating unbounded domains with minimal spurious reflections. A fluid parabolic equation(PE) model applying PML technique was previously used to analyze the sound propagation problem in a range-dependent waveguide(Lu and Zhu, 2007). However, Lu and Zhu only considered a standard fluid PE to demonstrate the capability of the PML and did not take improved one-way models into consideration. They applied a [1/1] Padé approximant to the parabolic equation. The higher-order PEs are more accurate than standard ones when a very large angle propagation is considered. As for range-dependent problems, the techniques to handle the vertical interface between adjacent regions are mainly energy conserving and single-scattering. In this paper, the PML technique is generalized to the higher order elastic PE, as is to the higher order fluid PE. The correction of energy conserving is used in range-dependent waveguides. Simulation is made in both acoustic cases and seismo-acoustic cases. Range-independent and range-dependent waveguides are both adopted to test the accuracy and efficiency of this method. The numerical results illustrate that a PML is much more effective than an artificial absorbing layer(ABL) both in acoustic and seismo-acoustic sound propagation modeling.展开更多
Objective:The number of immediate breast reconstruction(IBR)procedures has been increasing in China.This study aimed to investigate the oncological safety of IBR,and to compare the survival and surgical outcomes betwe...Objective:The number of immediate breast reconstruction(IBR)procedures has been increasing in China.This study aimed to investigate the oncological safety of IBR,and to compare the survival and surgical outcomes between implant-based and autologous reconstruction.Methods:Data from patients diagnosed with invasive breast cancer who underwent immediate total breast reconstruction between 2001 and 2016 were retrospectively reviewed.Long-term breast cancer-specific survival(BCSS),disease-free survival(DFS),and locoregional recurrence-free survival(LRFS)were evaluated.Patient satisfaction with the breast was compared between the implantbased and autologous groups.BCSS,DFS,and LRFS were compared between groups after propensity score matching(PSM).Results:A total of 784 IBR procedures were identified,of which 584 were performed on patients with invasive breast cancer(implantbased,n=288;autologous,n=296).With a median follow-up of 71.3 months,the 10-year estimates of BCSS,DFS,and LRFS were 88.9%[95%confidence interval(CI)(85.1%–93.0%)],79.6%[95%CI(74.7%–84.8%)],and 94.0%[95%CI(90.3%–97.8%)],respectively.A total of 124 patients completed the Breast-Q questionnaire,and no statistically significant differences were noted between groups(P=0.823).After PSM with 27 variables,no statistically significant differences in BCSS,DFS,and LRFS were found between the implant-based(n=177)and autologous(n=177)groups.Further stratification according to staging,histological grade,lymph node status,and lymph-venous invasion status revealed no significant survival differences between groups.Conclusions:Both immediate implant-based and autologous reconstruction were reasonable choices with similar long-term oncological outcomes and patient-reported satisfaction among patients with invasive breast cancer in China.展开更多
The uniaxial perfectly matched layer (PML) method uses rectangular domain to define the PML problem and thus provides greater flexibility and efficiency in deal- ing with problems involving anisotropic scatterers.In t...The uniaxial perfectly matched layer (PML) method uses rectangular domain to define the PML problem and thus provides greater flexibility and efficiency in deal- ing with problems involving anisotropic scatterers.In this paper an adaptive uniaxial PML technique for solving the time harmonic Helmholtz scattering problem is devel- oped.The PML parameters such as the thickness of the layer and the fictitious medium property are determined through sharp a posteriori error estimates.The adaptive finite element method based on a posteriori error estimate is proposed to solve the PML equa- tion which produces automatically a coarse mesh size away from the fixed domain and thus makes the total computational costs insensitive to the thickness of the PML absorb- ing layer.Numerical experiments are included to illustrate the competitive behavior of the proposed adaptive method.In particular,it is demonstrated that the PML layer can be chosen as close to one wave-length from the scatterer and still yields good accuracy and efficiency in approximating the far fields.展开更多
文摘In this study,the wave motion in elastodynamics for unbounded media is modeled using an unsplit-field perfectly matched layer(PML)formulation that is solved by employing an isogeometric analysis(IGA).In the adopted combination,the non-uniform rational B-spline(NURBS)functions are employed as basis functions.Moreover,the unbounded and artificial domains,defined in the PML method,are contained in a single patch domain.Based on the proposed scheme,the approximation of the geometry problem is set in a new scheme in which the PML’s absorbing and attenuation properties and the description of traveling waves can be represented.This includes a higher continuity and smoother approximation of the computed domain.As high-order NURBS basis functions are non-interpolatory,a penalty method is present to apply a time-dependent displacement load.The performance of the NURBS-based PML is analyzed through numerical examples for 1D and 2D domains,considering homogeneous and heterogeneous media.Further,we verify the long-time numerical stability of the present method.The developed method can be used to simulate hypothetical stratified domains commonly encountered in soil-structure interaction analyses.
文摘AIM:To compare analysis of the impact of high altitude on corneal endothelial cells,and the prognosis in patients with cataract surgeries.METHODS:Totally 265 plateau patients with cataract surgeries performed between January 2019 and July 2022(average altitude=3000 m),and 524 plain patients with cataract surgeries performed between January 2020 and July 2022 were included.The propensity score matching(PSM)method was applied to match the basic information of patients in both regions on a 1:1 basis.Corneal endothelial cell density(ECD),coefficient of variation(CV),hexagonal cell ratio(HEX),duration of surgery,and pre-and postoperative visual acuity(VA)were compared retrospectively,and correlation tests were done.RESULTS:Totally 223 pairs have been matched successfully.The HEX in the plateau group was higher than that in the plain group(61.95%±6.191%vs 44.91%±6.829%,P<0.001).For ECD and CV,no significant differences were observed between both groups(P>0.1).The pre-and postoperative VA of patients with cataract surgeries in the plateau group were lower(1.40±0.610 vs 0.71±0.514,P<0.001&0.68±0.479 vs 0.18±0.259,P<0.001),and the duration of surgery was longer than those in the plain group(27.06±14.900 min vs 16.03±8.033 min,P<0.001).No significant associations were found between the post-operative VA and the corneal endothelial parameters(P>0.05),while the post-operative VA was significantly related to the pre-operative VA and the duration of surgery(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The relative hypoxic environment of the plateau does not promote the apoptosis of corneal endothelial cells,but may lead to the compensatory increase of their functions.In plateau patients,no significant associations are found between the poor VA and the corneal endothelial functions early after cataract surgeries.
基金the Study on Vaccine Application Evaluation Strategies and Capacity Building (INV-006373)the National Key R&D Program of China(2024YFC2310604)
文摘Objective The objective of our study was to evaluate the vaccine effectiveness(VE)of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine(RV5)among<5-year-old children in three provinces of China during 2020-2024 via a propensity score-matched test-negative case-control study.Methods Electronic health records and immunization information systems were used to obtain data on acute gastroenteritis(AGE)cases tested for rotavirus(RV)infection.RV-positive cases were propensity score matched with RV-negative controls for age,visit month,and province.Results The study included 27,472 children with AGE aged 8 weeks to 4 years at the time of AGE diagnosis;7.98%(2,192)were RV-positive.The VE(95%confidence interval,CI)of 1-2 and 3 doses of RV5 against any medically attended RV infection(inpatient or outpatient)was 57.6%(39.8%,70.2%)and 67.2%(60.3%,72.9%),respectively.Among children who received the 3rd dose before turning 5 months of age,3-dose VE decreased from 70.4%(53.9%,81.1%)(<5 months since the 3rd dose)to 63.0%(49.1%,73.0%)(≥1 year since the 3rd dose).The three-dose VE rate was 69.4%(41.3%,84.0%)for RVGE hospitalization and 57.5%(38.9%,70.5%)for outpatient-only medically attended RVGE.Conclusion Three-dose RV5 VE against rotavirus gastroenteritis(RVGE)in children aged<5 years was higher than 1-2-dose VE.Three-dose VE decreased with time since the 3rd dose in children who received the 3rd dose before turning five months of age,but remained above 60%for at least one year.VE was higher for RVGE hospitalizations than for medically attended outpatient visits.
文摘BACKGROUND Retrocecal appendicitis,the most common anatomical type,presents diagnostic and surgical challenges.Single-port laparoscopic appendectomy(SPLA)has been proposed as an alternative to multi-port laparoscopic appendectomy(MPLA)with advancements in minimally invasive surgery.However,few studies have compared the perioperative outcomes between the SPLA and MPLA for retrocecal appendicitis.AIM To compare the efficacy and safety between the SPLA and MPLA in treating retrocecal appendicitis,focusing on perioperative outcomes.METHODS This retrospective study analyzed data from 1041 patients who underwent SPLA or MPLA at Konyang University Hospital between October 2011 and February 2023.Propensity score matching(PSM)was used to minimize selection bias,resulting in 235 patients in each group.Additionally,non-inferiority tests,post-hoc analysis,and multivariable regression analysis were performed to validate the results and assess factors affecting postoperative outcomes.RESULTS After PSM,SPLA showed shorter operation time(43.8±15.8 minutes vs 51.6±18.7 minutes;P<0.001)and lower estimated blood loss(EBL,6.5±7.8 mL vs 8.6±8.3 mL;P<0.001)than MPLA.No significant differences were observed in complications,pain scores,or length of hospital stay.SPLA was not inferior to MPLA in the main outcomes,except for the complication rate,where statistical power was insufficient.Multivariable regression confirmed SPLA as an independent factor for operation time and EBL.CONCLUSION SPLA is more feasible than MPLA for retrocecal appendicitis,offering advantages in operation time and estimated blood loss.This study supports SPLA as a viable alternative that enhances postoperative recovery.
基金Supported by The Interdisciplinary Guided Network for Investigation,Translation and Equity for the All of Us Research Program,No.OT2 OD031915.
文摘BACKGROUND Patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)are at an increased risk of bacterial pneumonia,contributing to significant morbidity and mortality.While previous studies have identified various risk factors,including medications and comorbidities,the independent contribution of IBD to pneumonia risk remains unclear.We hypothesized that the increased pneumonia risk is primarily driven by factors other than IBD itself.AIM To investigate the relative contributions of IBD,comorbidities,and medications to pneumonia risk in patients with IBD.METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the All of Us Research Program database(2010-2022).We matched 2810 participants with IBD 1:1 with controls using four propensity score models:(1)Demographics/Lifestyle only;(2)Plus comorbidities;(3)Plus medications;and(4)All factors combined.Then we used Cox proportional hazards models to assess pneumonia risk and logistic regression to evaluate risk factors.RESULTS In the primary analysis of 5620 matched participants,IBD was not independently associated with increased pneumonia risk[hazard ratio(HR)=1.07,95%CI:0.84-1.35]when matched for all factors.However,participants with IBD had significantly higher risk(HR=2.08,95%CI:1.56-2.78)when matched only for demographics and lifestyle factors.Within the IBD cohort,a high comorbidity burden(Charlson Comorbidity Index≥10)[odds ratio(OR)=12.20,95%CI:6.69-23.00]and systemic steroid use(OR=2.26,95%CI:1.21-4.64)were independently associated with increased pneumonia risk.CONCLUSION Comorbidities and systemic steroids,rather than IBD itself,drive pneumonia risk.Management should focus on these factors and prioritize vaccination in high-risk patients.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB3807700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant no.52125405 and U22A20108)+4 种基金the support from the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2023AFB155)the opening project of State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology(Yanshan University)(opening project number:202401,202404)the Thailand Science Research and Innovation Fund Chulalongkorn University(INDF67620003)the National Science,Research and Innovation Fund(NSRF)via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources&Institutional Development,Research and Innovation(Grant no.B05F640153)the National Research Council of Thailand(NRCT)and Chulalongkorn University(N42A660383)。
文摘Constructing a protective layer on Zn anode surface with high lattice matching to Zn(002)can facilitate preferential growth along the(002)crystal plane and suppress dendritic growth as well as interface side reactions.Whereas most of protective layers are complex and costly,making commercial applications challenging.Herein,we introduce a facile method involving the addition of CuCl_(2) electrolyte additives to conventional electrolyte systems,which,through rapid displacement reactions and controlled electrochemical cycling,forms a CuZn_(5) alloy layer with 97.2%lattice matching to the(002)plane(CuZn_(5)@Zn),thus regulating the(002)plane epitaxial deposition.As a result,the symmetric cells with CuZn_(5)@Zn demonstrate an ultra-long cycle life of 3600 h at 1 mA cm^(-2).Under extreme conditions of high current density(20 m A cm^(-2))and high zinc utilization(DOD_(Zn)=50%),stable cycling performance is maintained for 220 and 350 h,respectively.Furthermore,the CuZn_(5)@Zn||NH_(4)V_(4)O_(10)full cell maintains a capacity of 120 m A h g^(-1)even after 10,000 cycles at a high current density of 10 A g^(-1).This work presents a facile and efficient strategy for constructing stable metal anode materials,with implications for the development of next-generation rechargeable batteries.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC2501800)Leader Project of Henan Province Health Young and Middle-aged Professor(HNSWJW2020013).
文摘BACKGROUND:Patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)are vulnerable to community-acquired pneumonia(CAP),which have a high mortality rate.We aimed to investigate the value of heparin-binding protein(HBP)as a prognostic marker of mortality in patients with DM and CAP.METHODS:This retrospective study included CAP patients who were tested for HBP at intensive care unit(ICU)admission from January 2019 to April 2020.Patients were allocated to the DM or non-DM group and paired with propensity score matching.Baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes up to 90 days were evaluated.The primary outcome was the 10-day mortality.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves,Kaplan-Meier analysis,and Cox regression were used for statistical analysis.RESULTS:Among 152 enrolled patients,60 pairs were successfully matched.There was no significant difference in 10-day mortality,while more patients in the DM group died within 28 d(P=0.024)and 90 d(P=0.008).In the DM group,HBP levels at ICU admission were higher in 10-day non-survivors than in 10-day survivors(median 182.21[IQR:55.43-300]ng/ml vs.median 66.40[IQR:34.13-107.85]ng/mL,P=0.019),and HBP levels could predict the 10-day mortality with an area under the ROC curve of 0.747.The cut-off value,sensitivity,and specificity were 160.6 ng/mL,66.7%,and 90.2%,respectively.Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that HBP was an independent prognostic factor for 10-day(HR 7.196,95%CI:1.596-32.455,P=0.01),28-day(HR 4.381,95%CI:1.449-13.245,P=0.009),and 90-day mortality(HR 4.581,95%CI:1.637-12.819,P=0.004)in patients with DM.CONCLUSION:Plasma HBP at ICU admission was associated with the 10-day,28-day,and 90-day mortality,and might be a prognostic factor in patients with DM and CAP.
基金Supported by The Medical Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province,China,No.2024KY1792The Health Science and Technology Program of Zhejiang Province,China,No.22PY101+2 种基金The Program of Taizhou Science and Technology Grant,China,No.22ywb08 and No.22ywb09The Scientific Research Fund Program of Enze Medical Center,China,No.22EZB12 and No.22EZC17The Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques and Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province,China,No.21SZDSYS15.
文摘BACKGROUND Endoscopic resection(ER)and laparoscopic resection(LR)have been widely used for the treatment of non-metastatic gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors(gGISTs)(2-5 cm),but there are no selection criteria for their application.AIM To provide a reference for the development of standardized treatment strategies for gGISTs.METHODS Clinical baseline characteristics,histopathological results,and short-term and long-term outcomes of patients who treated with ER or LR for gGISTs of 2-5 cm in Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province from January 2014 to August 2022 were retrospectively reviewed.Propensity score matching(PSM)was employed to achieve balance in baseline characteristics of the two groups.RESULTS Among 206 patients,135 were in the ER group and 71 in the LR group.The ER group had significantly smaller tumors[3.5 cm(3.0-4.0 cm)vs 4.2 cm(3.3-5.0 cm),P<0.001]and different tumor locations(P=0.048).After PSM,59 pairs of patients were balanced.After matching,the baseline characteristics of the ER and LR groups did not differ significantly from each other.Compared with LR,ER had faster recovery of diet(P=0.046)and fewer postoperative symptoms(P=0.040).LR achieved a higher complete resection rate(P<0.001)and shorter operation time(P<0.001).No significant differences were observed in postoperative hospital stay(P=0.478),hospital costs(P=0.469),complication rates(P>0.999),pathological features(mitosis,P=0.262;National Institutes of Health risk classification,P=0.145),recurrence rates(P=0.476),or mortality rates(P=0.611).CONCLUSION Both ER and LR are safe and effective treatments for gGISTs.ER has less postoperative pain and faster recovery,while LR has a higher rate of complete resection.
基金This research was supported by Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 403740043).
文摘The nonsplitting perfectly matched layer （NPML） absorbing boundary condition （ABC） was first provided by Wang and Tang （2003） for the finite-difference simulation of elastic wave propagation in solids. In this paper, the method is developed to extend the NPML to simulating elastic wave propagation in poroelastic media. Biot＇s equations are discretized and approximated to a staggered-grid by applying a fourth-order accurate central difference in space and a second-order accurate central difference in time. A cylindrical twolayer seismic model and a borehole model are chosen to validate the effectiveness of the NPML. The results show that the numerical solutions agree well with the solutions of the discrete wavenumber （DW） method.
基金supported by the 863 Program(Grant No.2006AA06Z202)Open Fund of the Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration of CNPC(Grant No.GPKL0802)+1 种基金CNPC Young Innovation Fund(Grant No.05E7028)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(Grant No.NCET-07-0845)
文摘Reverse-time migration in finite space requires effective boundary processing technology to eliminate the artificial truncation boundary effect in the migration result.On the basis of the elastic velocity-stress equations in vertical transversely isotropic media and the idea of the conventional split perfectly matched layer（PML）,the PML wave equations in reverse-time migration are derived in this paper and then the high order staggered grid discrete schemes are subsequently given.Aiming at the＂reflections＂from the boundary to the computational domain,as well as the effect of seismic event＇s abrupt changes at the two ends of the seismic array,the PML arrangement in reverse-time migration is given.The synthetic and real elastic,prestack,multi-component,reverse-time depth migration results demonstrate that this method has much better absorbing effects than other methods and the joint migration produces good imaging results.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Research(Grant No.41274138)the Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum(Beijing)(No.KYJJ2012-05-02)
文摘The perfectly matched layer （PML） is a highly efficient absorbing boundary condition used for the numerical modeling of seismic wave equation. The article focuses on the application of this technique to finite-element time-domain numerical modeling of elastic wave equation. However, the finite-element time-domain scheme is based on the second- order wave equation in displacement formulation. Thus, the first-order PML in velocity-stress formulation cannot be directly applied to this scheme. In this article, we derive the finite- element matrix equations of second-order PML in displacement formulation, and accomplish the implementation of PML in finite-element time-domain modeling of elastic wave equation. The PML has an approximate zero reflection coefficients for bulk and surface waves in the finite-element modeling of P-SV and SH wave propagation in the 2D homogeneous elastic media. The numerical experiments using a two-layer model with irregular topography validate the efficiency of PML in the modeling of seismic wave propagation in geological models with complex structures and heterogeneous media.
文摘Based on the principle of the neuron MOS device,a novel matched filter structure which is easily realized by neuron MOS is presented and the details of circuit performance is analyzed.Compared to the conventional structure,the number of circuit elements is decreased greatly for the same function.The test chip is fabricated in 0.35μm process,and the measured result shows that the system structure is feasible and effective.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (10477018) Science and Technology Innovation Foundation of North-western Polytechnical University (W016143)
文摘As an efficient artificial truncating boundary condition, conformal perfectly matched layer (CPML) is a kind of multilayer anisotropic absorbing media. To reduce computing effort of CPML, this article proposes a layer-oriented element integration algorithm. In this algorithm, the relative dielectric constant and permeability are considered as constants for each the very thin monolayer of CPML, and the element integration of multilayer along the normal direction is substituted by the element integration of m...
文摘Study of radiation properties of mismatched microstrip termination is carried out in warm ionized electron plasma medium. Linearised hydrodynamic theory coupled with vector wave technique is used to investigate radiation patterns and radiated power of a microstrip mismatched termination in one component electron plasma media for different plasma to source frequencies .These properties are used to compare the performance of an open circuit discontinuity with those of matched microstrip termination. Matched terminations are found more suitable for applications at higher frequencies than an open circuit discontinuity in the plasma medium though in free space they are less suitable.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 61072118)
文摘When simulating seismic wave propagation in free space, it is essential to introduce absorbing boundary conditions to eliminate reflections from artificially trtmcated boundaries. In this paper, a damping factor referred to as the Gaussian dmping factor is proposed. The Gaussian damping factor is based on the idea of perfectly matched layers （PMLs）. This work presents a detailed analysis of the theoretical foundations and advantages of the Gaussian damping factor. Additionally, numerical experiments for the simulation of seismic waves are presented based on two numerical models： a homogeneous model and a multi-layer model. The results show that the proposed factor works better. The Gaussian damping factor achieves a higher Signal-to-Noise Ratio （SNR） than previously used factors when using same number of PMLs, and requires less PMLs than other methods to achieve an identical SNR.
基金Supported by The key project Grant from the Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province,China,No.2011C13036-2
文摘AIM: To compare shortand long-term outcomes of laparoscopy-assisted and open distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed by comparing the outcomes of 54 patients who underwent laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) with those of 54 patients who underwent open distal gastrectomy (ODG) between October 2004 and October 2007. The patients' demographic data (age and gender), date of surgery, extent of lymphadenectomy, and differentiation and tumor-node-metastasis stage of the tumor were examined. The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative recovery, complications, pathological findings, and follow-up data were compared between the two groups.RESULTS: The mean operative time was significantly longer in the LADG group than in the ODG group (259.3 ± 46.2 min vs 199.8 ± 40.85 min; P < 0.05), whereas intraoperative blood loss and postoperative complications were significantly lower (160.2 ± 85.9 mL vs 257.8 ± 151.0 mL; 13.0% vs 24.1%, respectively, P < 0.05). In addition, the time to first flatus, time to initiate oral intake, and postoperative hospital stay were significantly shorter in the LADG group than in the ODG group (3.9 ± 1.4 d vs 4.4 ± 1.5 d; 4.6 ± 1.2 d vs 5.6 ± 2.1 d; and 9.5 ± 2.7 d vs 11.1 ± 4.1 d, respectively; P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the LADG group and ODG group with regard to the number of harvested lymph nodes. The median followup was 60 mo (range, 5-97 mo). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year disease-free survival rates were 94.3%, 90.2%, and 76.7%, respectively, in the LADG group and 89.5%, 84.7%, and 82.3%, respectively, in the ODG group. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 98.0%, 91.9%, and 81.1%, respectively, in the LADG group and 91.5%, 86.9%, and 82.1%, respectively, in the ODG group. There was no significant difference between the two groups with regard to the survival rate. CONCLUSION: LADG is suitable and minimally invasive for treating distal gastric cancer and can achieve similar long-term results to ODG.
基金supported jointly by National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFC1503400)National Natural Science Foundation of China projects(Nos.41774067,U2039204,and 42074046)+2 种基金Science for Earthquake Resilience(No.XH20082Y)US National Science Foundation(No.1941719)University of California at Riverside.
文摘We present a high-resolution seismic catalog for the 2021 M_(S)6.4/M_(W)6.1 Yangbi sequence.The catalog has a time range of 2021-05-01 to 2021-05-28,and contains~8,000 well located events.It captures the features of the whole foreshock sequence and the early aftershocks.We designed a detection strategy incorporating both an artificial intelligent(AI)picker and a matched filter algorithm.Here,we adopt a hybrid AI method incorporating convolutional and recurrent neural network(CNN&RNN)for event detection and phase picking respectively(i.e.CERP),a light-weight AI picker that can be trained with small volume of data.CERP is first trained with detections from a STA/LTA and Kurtosis-based method called PAL,and then construct a rather complete template set of~4,000 events.Finally,the matched filter algorithm MESS augments the initial detections and measures differential travel times with cross-correlation,which finally results in precise relocation.This process gives 9,026 detections,among which 7,943 events can be well relocated.The catalog shows as expected power-law distribution of frequency magnitude and reveals detailed pattern of seismicity evolution.The main features are:(1)the foreshock sequence images simple fault geometry with consistent strike,but also show a variable event depth along strike;(2)the mainshock ruptures the same fault of the foreshock sequence and activate conjugate faults further to the southeast;(3)complex seismicity are developed in the post-seismic period,indicating complex triggering mechanisms.Thus,our catalog provides a reliable basis for further investigations,such as b-value studies,rupture process,and triggering relations.
基金supported by the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Acoustics,Institute of Acoustics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.SKLA201303)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11104044,11234002,and 11474073)
文摘The perfectly matched layer(PML) is an effective technique for truncating unbounded domains with minimal spurious reflections. A fluid parabolic equation(PE) model applying PML technique was previously used to analyze the sound propagation problem in a range-dependent waveguide(Lu and Zhu, 2007). However, Lu and Zhu only considered a standard fluid PE to demonstrate the capability of the PML and did not take improved one-way models into consideration. They applied a [1/1] Padé approximant to the parabolic equation. The higher-order PEs are more accurate than standard ones when a very large angle propagation is considered. As for range-dependent problems, the techniques to handle the vertical interface between adjacent regions are mainly energy conserving and single-scattering. In this paper, the PML technique is generalized to the higher order elastic PE, as is to the higher order fluid PE. The correction of energy conserving is used in range-dependent waveguides. Simulation is made in both acoustic cases and seismo-acoustic cases. Range-independent and range-dependent waveguides are both adopted to test the accuracy and efficiency of this method. The numerical results illustrate that a PML is much more effective than an artificial absorbing layer(ABL) both in acoustic and seismo-acoustic sound propagation modeling.
基金supported by the Tianjin“Belt and Road”Technological Innovation and Cooperation Grant(Grant No.18PTZWHZ00050)the Special Foundation for Project and Team Development Grant(Grant No.XB202008).
文摘Objective:The number of immediate breast reconstruction(IBR)procedures has been increasing in China.This study aimed to investigate the oncological safety of IBR,and to compare the survival and surgical outcomes between implant-based and autologous reconstruction.Methods:Data from patients diagnosed with invasive breast cancer who underwent immediate total breast reconstruction between 2001 and 2016 were retrospectively reviewed.Long-term breast cancer-specific survival(BCSS),disease-free survival(DFS),and locoregional recurrence-free survival(LRFS)were evaluated.Patient satisfaction with the breast was compared between the implantbased and autologous groups.BCSS,DFS,and LRFS were compared between groups after propensity score matching(PSM).Results:A total of 784 IBR procedures were identified,of which 584 were performed on patients with invasive breast cancer(implantbased,n=288;autologous,n=296).With a median follow-up of 71.3 months,the 10-year estimates of BCSS,DFS,and LRFS were 88.9%[95%confidence interval(CI)(85.1%–93.0%)],79.6%[95%CI(74.7%–84.8%)],and 94.0%[95%CI(90.3%–97.8%)],respectively.A total of 124 patients completed the Breast-Q questionnaire,and no statistically significant differences were noted between groups(P=0.823).After PSM with 27 variables,no statistically significant differences in BCSS,DFS,and LRFS were found between the implant-based(n=177)and autologous(n=177)groups.Further stratification according to staging,histological grade,lymph node status,and lymph-venous invasion status revealed no significant survival differences between groups.Conclusions:Both immediate implant-based and autologous reconstruction were reasonable choices with similar long-term oncological outcomes and patient-reported satisfaction among patients with invasive breast cancer in China.
文摘The uniaxial perfectly matched layer (PML) method uses rectangular domain to define the PML problem and thus provides greater flexibility and efficiency in deal- ing with problems involving anisotropic scatterers.In this paper an adaptive uniaxial PML technique for solving the time harmonic Helmholtz scattering problem is devel- oped.The PML parameters such as the thickness of the layer and the fictitious medium property are determined through sharp a posteriori error estimates.The adaptive finite element method based on a posteriori error estimate is proposed to solve the PML equa- tion which produces automatically a coarse mesh size away from the fixed domain and thus makes the total computational costs insensitive to the thickness of the PML absorb- ing layer.Numerical experiments are included to illustrate the competitive behavior of the proposed adaptive method.In particular,it is demonstrated that the PML layer can be chosen as close to one wave-length from the scatterer and still yields good accuracy and efficiency in approximating the far fields.
