Land use and protection has become a global hot spot.How to use land resources is an important topic for the future socio-economic sustainable development.This paper analyzes the land use changes of Mata lake of Shand...Land use and protection has become a global hot spot.How to use land resources is an important topic for the future socio-economic sustainable development.This paper analyzes the land use changes of Mata lake of Shandong province in China,from 1985's to 2000's using multi-temporal remotely sensed data including TM in the 1985s,ETM+in the 2000s and ancillary data such as soil use map,water map etc.The remote sensing imageries were calibrated,registered and geo-referenced,then classified by multi-source information data and remote sensing image interpretation expert system based on knowledge base.Five land use types were extracted from remote sensing imageries,that is,water body,agriculture land,rural settlement,bare land and none-use land.The total precision is 80.7% and Kappa index is 0.825.The analysis result of the remote sensing shows that during the past 15 years,water resource dropped off very promptly from 51.77 km2 to 16.65 km2 and bare land reduced greatly more than 60% in Mata lake region.With the development of the economy and agriculture areas,more and more water body and bare land converted to agriculture land use and rural settlement areas.Since last years,the Mata lake has been affected by natural factor,human activity and increasing population.So its land use pattern greatly changed from 1985 to 2000.The information of land use changes provided scientific supports for land planning and environmental protection.展开更多
本文研究并比较了基于MMAe赋权的模型平均下,Wald置信区间,MATA置信区间,及Bootstrap置信区间的覆盖率、区间长度、左右错误率等各方面的表现性能。不同信噪比水平下的模拟显示,Wald置信区间在低信噪比时有更好的覆盖率,高信噪比下,三...本文研究并比较了基于MMAe赋权的模型平均下,Wald置信区间,MATA置信区间,及Bootstrap置信区间的覆盖率、区间长度、左右错误率等各方面的表现性能。不同信噪比水平下的模拟显示,Wald置信区间在低信噪比时有更好的覆盖率,高信噪比下,三者覆盖率相近,MATA置信区间相对长度更短。在与MMA等其他模型平均方法的横向比较中,MMAe的赋权在Wald、MATA及Bootstrap三种置信区间的构建下,均比其他赋权方式在更低的样本量下更早达到名义覆盖率。最后在实例中考察MMAe在不同置信区间下的表现,与模拟表现一致。This article studies and compares the performance of models based on MMAe weighting in terms of coverage, interval length, left and right error rates under average, Wald confidence interval, MATA confidence interval, and Bootstrap confidence interval. Simulations at different levels of signal show that the Wald confidence interval has better coverage at low signal, while at high signal, the three’s confidence interval has similar coverage, and the MATA confidence interval is relatively shorter in length. In the horizontal comparison with other model averaging methods such as MMA, the weighting of MMAe reached nominal coverage earlier than other weighting methods at lower sample sizes under the construction of Wald, MATA, and Bootstrap confidence intervals. Finally, the performance of MMAe at different confidence intervals was examined in the example, which was consistent with the simulation results.展开更多
背景:浮肩损伤在创伤疾病中较罕见,关于其治疗方法存在较多争议,至今仍无权威性的临床指导供学者达成共识。目的:对采取保守与手术治疗浮肩损伤的疗效进行系统评价。方法:通过计算机检索CNKI数据库,Web of Science数据库,以"floati...背景:浮肩损伤在创伤疾病中较罕见,关于其治疗方法存在较多争议,至今仍无权威性的临床指导供学者达成共识。目的:对采取保守与手术治疗浮肩损伤的疗效进行系统评价。方法:通过计算机检索CNKI数据库,Web of Science数据库,以"floating shoulder"或"浮肩损伤"为关键词。收集所有相关对照试验,并评价纳入研究的方法学质量。采用RevMan4.2软件进行Meta分析,观察森林图显示的分析特征和结果。结果与结论:无论保守还是手术治疗均可取得满意的治疗效果;两种治疗方法相比较,在疗效获优方面,手术治疗稍占优势;在总体疗效优良方面,保守与手术治疗两者效果相当。展开更多
基金Minist ry of Land and Resources and Geological Survey of China Foundation(121201050511)
文摘Land use and protection has become a global hot spot.How to use land resources is an important topic for the future socio-economic sustainable development.This paper analyzes the land use changes of Mata lake of Shandong province in China,from 1985's to 2000's using multi-temporal remotely sensed data including TM in the 1985s,ETM+in the 2000s and ancillary data such as soil use map,water map etc.The remote sensing imageries were calibrated,registered and geo-referenced,then classified by multi-source information data and remote sensing image interpretation expert system based on knowledge base.Five land use types were extracted from remote sensing imageries,that is,water body,agriculture land,rural settlement,bare land and none-use land.The total precision is 80.7% and Kappa index is 0.825.The analysis result of the remote sensing shows that during the past 15 years,water resource dropped off very promptly from 51.77 km2 to 16.65 km2 and bare land reduced greatly more than 60% in Mata lake region.With the development of the economy and agriculture areas,more and more water body and bare land converted to agriculture land use and rural settlement areas.Since last years,the Mata lake has been affected by natural factor,human activity and increasing population.So its land use pattern greatly changed from 1985 to 2000.The information of land use changes provided scientific supports for land planning and environmental protection.
文摘本文研究并比较了基于MMAe赋权的模型平均下,Wald置信区间,MATA置信区间,及Bootstrap置信区间的覆盖率、区间长度、左右错误率等各方面的表现性能。不同信噪比水平下的模拟显示,Wald置信区间在低信噪比时有更好的覆盖率,高信噪比下,三者覆盖率相近,MATA置信区间相对长度更短。在与MMA等其他模型平均方法的横向比较中,MMAe的赋权在Wald、MATA及Bootstrap三种置信区间的构建下,均比其他赋权方式在更低的样本量下更早达到名义覆盖率。最后在实例中考察MMAe在不同置信区间下的表现,与模拟表现一致。This article studies and compares the performance of models based on MMAe weighting in terms of coverage, interval length, left and right error rates under average, Wald confidence interval, MATA confidence interval, and Bootstrap confidence interval. Simulations at different levels of signal show that the Wald confidence interval has better coverage at low signal, while at high signal, the three’s confidence interval has similar coverage, and the MATA confidence interval is relatively shorter in length. In the horizontal comparison with other model averaging methods such as MMA, the weighting of MMAe reached nominal coverage earlier than other weighting methods at lower sample sizes under the construction of Wald, MATA, and Bootstrap confidence intervals. Finally, the performance of MMAe at different confidence intervals was examined in the example, which was consistent with the simulation results.
文摘背景:浮肩损伤在创伤疾病中较罕见,关于其治疗方法存在较多争议,至今仍无权威性的临床指导供学者达成共识。目的:对采取保守与手术治疗浮肩损伤的疗效进行系统评价。方法:通过计算机检索CNKI数据库,Web of Science数据库,以"floating shoulder"或"浮肩损伤"为关键词。收集所有相关对照试验,并评价纳入研究的方法学质量。采用RevMan4.2软件进行Meta分析,观察森林图显示的分析特征和结果。结果与结论:无论保守还是手术治疗均可取得满意的治疗效果;两种治疗方法相比较,在疗效获优方面,手术治疗稍占优势;在总体疗效优良方面,保守与手术治疗两者效果相当。
