A knowledge based company is the microcosmic foundation of the knowledge economy, the design of its organization structure should amplify the company competence to be agile to the knowledge elements. This paper expoun...A knowledge based company is the microcosmic foundation of the knowledge economy, the design of its organization structure should amplify the company competence to be agile to the knowledge elements. This paper expounds an interior market network structure which is fit for the company intellectual capital operation, and analyses this organization pattern about the reasons of existence, the effectiveness of growing up in scale, the economies of knowledge distribution and the efficiency of operation, and it will provide some beneficial theoretical guidance about how can a company improve its competition competence in the knowledge environment through organization innovation.展开更多
To examine the interdependency and evolution of Pakistan’s stock market,we consider the cross-correlation coefficients of daily stock returns belonging to the blue chip Karachi stock exchange(KSE-100)index.Using the ...To examine the interdependency and evolution of Pakistan’s stock market,we consider the cross-correlation coefficients of daily stock returns belonging to the blue chip Karachi stock exchange(KSE-100)index.Using the minimum spanning tree network-based method,we extend the financial network literature by examining the topological properties of the network and generating six minimum spanning tree networks around three general elections in Pakistan.Our results reveal a star-like structure after the general elections of 2018 and before those in 2008,and a tree-like structure otherwise.We also highlight key nodes,the presence of different clusters,and compare the differences between the three elections.Additionally,the sectorial centrality measures reveal economic expansion in three industrial sectors—cement,oil and gas,and fertilizers.Moreover,a strong overall intermediary role of the fertilizer sector is observed.The results indicate a structural change in the stock market network due to general elections.Consequently,through this analysis,policy makers can focus on monitoring key nodes around general elections to estimate stock market stability,while local and international investors can form optimal diversification strategies.展开更多
The paper introduced the connotation of network marketing of fresh agricultural products and analyzed the fundaments of launching the C2C marketing of fresh agricultural products in China.The fundaments mainly cover t...The paper introduced the connotation of network marketing of fresh agricultural products and analyzed the fundaments of launching the C2C marketing of fresh agricultural products in China.The fundaments mainly cover the development of e-commerce,the transformation of consumption concept,the change of life style and the features of Chinese agricultural production.The developmental status of the C2C marketing of Chinese fresh vegetables and fresh fruits is introduced and the plights,including imperfect rural network infrastructure,inadequate talents specialized in network marketing of fresh agricultural products,uneven quality of agricultural products,immature logistics system,uncertainty existed in faced by the C2C marketing of fresh agricultural products and imperfect governmental protection system,are pointed out.In the end,the developmental trend of Chinese network marketing of fresh agricultural products on the basis of C2C mode is described.展开更多
In the application process of the Internet and network marketing, many Chinese companies are actively engaged in practice, and after an exploratory period of time, companies accumulated some experience in a representa...In the application process of the Internet and network marketing, many Chinese companies are actively engaged in practice, and after an exploratory period of time, companies accumulated some experience in a representative model. Such as： Chinese companies have a combination with traditional marketing and purchase advanced software model and then implemented through secondary development, they also change management ideas and systems, etc. These experiences and models can provide an effective and common reference for enterprise＇ s development of China＇ s e-commerce.展开更多
ZTE Corporation,a leading global provider of telecommunications equipment and network solutions,announced on July 30,2009 that it has been ranked as the second largest global CDMA network supplier with 25%
With the rapid development of China＇s reform and opening up and the socialist market economy, the development of Internet technology has promoted the prosperity of e-commerce, and further promoted the rapid developme...With the rapid development of China＇s reform and opening up and the socialist market economy, the development of Internet technology has promoted the prosperity of e-commerce, and further promoted the rapid development of China＇s economy. Data mining technology is an advanced science and technology, which has important implications for the e-commerce data processing. Through the summary of the data mining technology, this article puts forward the application of data mining technology in electronic commerce, in order to better promote the development of electronic commerce.展开更多
With the rapid development of the Internet, market has been increasingly competitive and competition means are various. Internet Marketing has become a new way for enterprises to grow. Data mining of enterprise networ...With the rapid development of the Internet, market has been increasingly competitive and competition means are various. Internet Marketing has become a new way for enterprises to grow. Data mining of enterprise network marketing has become the new darling of many business managers.The marketing data will become a key to develop a corporate marketing strategy as an important basis tool. However, many companies now make mistakes in marketing data. They can＇t fully exploit the marketing data.lt can affect the development of enterprise network marketing strategy. This paper is based on the concept of marketing data and outline the importance of data mining for network marketing, then analyze a significant impact on the entemrise network marketin~ strate^w made by marketinR data mininR.展开更多
This article describes the present situation of network sporting goods and analyzes the problem of sporting goods that exists on the network marketing, in addition, we propose marketing strategies, also, we have some ...This article describes the present situation of network sporting goods and analyzes the problem of sporting goods that exists on the network marketing, in addition, we propose marketing strategies, also, we have some suggestions on the sustainable developmem of the network marketing of sporting goods.展开更多
22 August 2012 -- ZTE Corporation, a publicly listed global provider of telecommunications equipment and network solutions, announced its interim results for the six months ended 30 June 2012. Based on both HKFRS and...22 August 2012 -- ZTE Corporation, a publicly listed global provider of telecommunications equipment and network solutions, announced its interim results for the six months ended 30 June 2012. Based on both HKFRS and PRC ASBE, ZTE recorded revenue of RMB 42.64 billion for the period, an increase of 15.2% year-on-year. Pre-tax profit in the period was RMB 656 million, a decrease of 48.5% year-on-year. Basic earnings per share for the period were RMB 0.07. During the reporting period,展开更多
ZTE gained the second largest share of the global optical networking market of any company for the second year in a row. ZTE gained 1.8 share points on 2010. In two years, the company moved from world No. 5 to world N...ZTE gained the second largest share of the global optical networking market of any company for the second year in a row. ZTE gained 1.8 share points on 2010. In two years, the company moved from world No. 5 to world No. 2 in the global optical network market, and its annual revenues now surpass $1.7 billion.展开更多
Maternal and baby＇s product is a special needed class in our country, and the safety of the product quality is very high. Mothers aged at 70s, 80s and 90s have the unique consumption idea and consumption behavior cha...Maternal and baby＇s product is a special needed class in our country, and the safety of the product quality is very high. Mothers aged at 70s, 80s and 90s have the unique consumption idea and consumption behavior characteristics which have profound significance for merchants. These all have significant influence to enterprise＇s marketing channel construction. Present market situation of Maternal and infant＇s products were summarized in this paper, then consumption psychology and behavior of the buyer are analyzed, and finally put forward the strategy of channel construction of network marketing of Maternal and infant＇s product＇s enterprise.展开更多
In the end of 2007, Air China Limited (hereinafter "Air China") and Shanghai Airlines, formally joined Star Alliance at a ceremony held in the new Terminal Three at Beijing Capital International Airport.... In the end of 2007, Air China Limited (hereinafter "Air China") and Shanghai Airlines, formally joined Star Alliance at a ceremony held in the new Terminal Three at Beijing Capital International Airport. With the addition of the two Chinese airlines, Star Alliance now has 19 member carriers operating 17,000 daily flights to 897 destinations in 160 countries.……展开更多
With the rapid development of Things of Internet and its related technologies such as Wireless Sensor Network and remote access system development, its application on agricultural and farming domain has become a new r...With the rapid development of Things of Internet and its related technologies such as Wireless Sensor Network and remote access system development, its application on agricultural and farming domain has become a new research direction. This paper discusses a practical and efficient system by applying mobile software development technologies and ZigBee communication network. To achieve a compact and flexible iOS-based client, this study takes advantage of Model-View-ViewModel pattern as well as Client/Server style. Several encryption technologies such as Message Digest algorithm and Rivest Shamir Adleman algorithm are combined to ensure information security. Compared to the common portable marketing system, the proposed system also provides accurate growth information which is collected by wireless sensor network, and proposes a more flexible design pattern for mobile client hence obtaining a better performance on iOS devices.展开更多
Two international conferences in November 2025 jointly outlined a profound transformation of climate governance.The Committee on Trade and Environment(CTE)of the World Trade Organization(WTO)held a conference in Genev...Two international conferences in November 2025 jointly outlined a profound transformation of climate governance.The Committee on Trade and Environment(CTE)of the World Trade Organization(WTO)held a conference in Geneva,Switzerland,on November 4,where the topic of cooperation on trade-related carbon standards aroused heated discussions.The Leaders'Summit of the 30th Conference of the Parties(COP)to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC)was held in Belém,Brazil,on November 7.At the meeting,the Open Coalition on Compliance Carbon Markets was officially launched with the initial membership of 11 economies including Brazil,China,and the EU.As the world's first transnational alliance on compliant carbon markets,the coalition aims to coordinate carbon pricing mechanisms,emission trading systems and related policies in various countries,and realize the interconnection of global compliance carbon market networks.展开更多
The inventive foundation of mobile cellular technologies was laid about 100 years ago. Wireless voice service was commercialised in the 1940s by AT&T. In Germany, public and non-cellular wireless service was estab...The inventive foundation of mobile cellular technologies was laid about 100 years ago. Wireless voice service was commercialised in the 1940s by AT&T. In Germany, public and non-cellular wireless service was established by Deutsche Bundespost in the late 1950s and the first analogue cellular network called C-Netz emerged in the mid-1980s. In China, the first mobile cellular networks called TACS-A and TACS-B were installed by Ministry of Post and Telecommunication in the late 1980s. While describing the events in Germany and China, this paper concentrates on discussing the related technologies and their impacts in the marketplace. A comparison summarises some important findings. Japan and Europe's Nordic countries were the first nations to commercialise the 1st generation analogous cellular technologies. There existed A- and B-Network in Germany and China, but the network nature of them is quite different. The market development in Germany and China was similar. The enlarged network capacity accommodated gradually more subscribers and prices related to the cellular services fell continuously. However, China's fee system was more complicated and has adopted the RPP regime, while Germany has been using the CPP billing. The article concludes that implications such as the relationship between science and technology, time lag between scientific discovery and technological applications and technology spillover from military to civilian area are the economic lessons learnt from the story of cellular origin.展开更多
The German Postal Reform I in 1989 introduced competition in the mobile cellular market. German cellular operators, DeTeMobil, Mannesmann, E-Plus and VIAG Interkom, built D1-, D2-, E1-and E2-Netze based on GSM standar...The German Postal Reform I in 1989 introduced competition in the mobile cellular market. German cellular operators, DeTeMobil, Mannesmann, E-Plus and VIAG Interkom, built D1-, D2-, E1-and E2-Netze based on GSM standards made in Europe. China Unicom was created in 1994 and China Telecom was separated from MPT in 1995. China Telecom and China Unicom competed in a duopoly from the mid-1990s onwards and the cellular services provided by them also rely on GSM standards. China Telecom additionally deployed XLT technology (PHS) from the late 1990s onwards. While DeTeMobil and Mannesmann conquered approximately 80%-90% of the market throughout the 1990s and were the two dominant market players in Germany, China’s cellular market was mainly controlled by China Mobile. In Germany, prices related to cellular technology continued the downwards trend as a major result of the process of deregulation, liberalisation and competition. In China, price wars had led to significant price reductions in the cellular market. Although network operators in both countries strived to deliver differentiated cellular services, the two national markets in the 1990s were visibly shaped by product homogeneity.展开更多
基金This paper is supported by the Philosophy and Social Science Foundation ofGuangxi （No.05FJY034）.
文摘A knowledge based company is the microcosmic foundation of the knowledge economy, the design of its organization structure should amplify the company competence to be agile to the knowledge elements. This paper expounds an interior market network structure which is fit for the company intellectual capital operation, and analyses this organization pattern about the reasons of existence, the effectiveness of growing up in scale, the economies of knowledge distribution and the efficiency of operation, and it will provide some beneficial theoretical guidance about how can a company improve its competition competence in the knowledge environment through organization innovation.
文摘To examine the interdependency and evolution of Pakistan’s stock market,we consider the cross-correlation coefficients of daily stock returns belonging to the blue chip Karachi stock exchange(KSE-100)index.Using the minimum spanning tree network-based method,we extend the financial network literature by examining the topological properties of the network and generating six minimum spanning tree networks around three general elections in Pakistan.Our results reveal a star-like structure after the general elections of 2018 and before those in 2008,and a tree-like structure otherwise.We also highlight key nodes,the presence of different clusters,and compare the differences between the three elections.Additionally,the sectorial centrality measures reveal economic expansion in three industrial sectors—cement,oil and gas,and fertilizers.Moreover,a strong overall intermediary role of the fertilizer sector is observed.The results indicate a structural change in the stock market network due to general elections.Consequently,through this analysis,policy makers can focus on monitoring key nodes around general elections to estimate stock market stability,while local and international investors can form optimal diversification strategies.
文摘The paper introduced the connotation of network marketing of fresh agricultural products and analyzed the fundaments of launching the C2C marketing of fresh agricultural products in China.The fundaments mainly cover the development of e-commerce,the transformation of consumption concept,the change of life style and the features of Chinese agricultural production.The developmental status of the C2C marketing of Chinese fresh vegetables and fresh fruits is introduced and the plights,including imperfect rural network infrastructure,inadequate talents specialized in network marketing of fresh agricultural products,uneven quality of agricultural products,immature logistics system,uncertainty existed in faced by the C2C marketing of fresh agricultural products and imperfect governmental protection system,are pointed out.In the end,the developmental trend of Chinese network marketing of fresh agricultural products on the basis of C2C mode is described.
文摘In the application process of the Internet and network marketing, many Chinese companies are actively engaged in practice, and after an exploratory period of time, companies accumulated some experience in a representative model. Such as： Chinese companies have a combination with traditional marketing and purchase advanced software model and then implemented through secondary development, they also change management ideas and systems, etc. These experiences and models can provide an effective and common reference for enterprise＇ s development of China＇ s e-commerce.
文摘ZTE Corporation,a leading global provider of telecommunications equipment and network solutions,announced on July 30,2009 that it has been ranked as the second largest global CDMA network supplier with 25%
文摘With the rapid development of China＇s reform and opening up and the socialist market economy, the development of Internet technology has promoted the prosperity of e-commerce, and further promoted the rapid development of China＇s economy. Data mining technology is an advanced science and technology, which has important implications for the e-commerce data processing. Through the summary of the data mining technology, this article puts forward the application of data mining technology in electronic commerce, in order to better promote the development of electronic commerce.
文摘With the rapid development of the Internet, market has been increasingly competitive and competition means are various. Internet Marketing has become a new way for enterprises to grow. Data mining of enterprise network marketing has become the new darling of many business managers.The marketing data will become a key to develop a corporate marketing strategy as an important basis tool. However, many companies now make mistakes in marketing data. They can＇t fully exploit the marketing data.lt can affect the development of enterprise network marketing strategy. This paper is based on the concept of marketing data and outline the importance of data mining for network marketing, then analyze a significant impact on the entemrise network marketin~ strate^w made by marketinR data mininR.
文摘This article describes the present situation of network sporting goods and analyzes the problem of sporting goods that exists on the network marketing, in addition, we propose marketing strategies, also, we have some suggestions on the sustainable developmem of the network marketing of sporting goods.
文摘22 August 2012 -- ZTE Corporation, a publicly listed global provider of telecommunications equipment and network solutions, announced its interim results for the six months ended 30 June 2012. Based on both HKFRS and PRC ASBE, ZTE recorded revenue of RMB 42.64 billion for the period, an increase of 15.2% year-on-year. Pre-tax profit in the period was RMB 656 million, a decrease of 48.5% year-on-year. Basic earnings per share for the period were RMB 0.07. During the reporting period,
文摘ZTE gained the second largest share of the global optical networking market of any company for the second year in a row. ZTE gained 1.8 share points on 2010. In two years, the company moved from world No. 5 to world No. 2 in the global optical network market, and its annual revenues now surpass $1.7 billion.
文摘Maternal and baby＇s product is a special needed class in our country, and the safety of the product quality is very high. Mothers aged at 70s, 80s and 90s have the unique consumption idea and consumption behavior characteristics which have profound significance for merchants. These all have significant influence to enterprise＇s marketing channel construction. Present market situation of Maternal and infant＇s products were summarized in this paper, then consumption psychology and behavior of the buyer are analyzed, and finally put forward the strategy of channel construction of network marketing of Maternal and infant＇s product＇s enterprise.
文摘 In the end of 2007, Air China Limited (hereinafter "Air China") and Shanghai Airlines, formally joined Star Alliance at a ceremony held in the new Terminal Three at Beijing Capital International Airport. With the addition of the two Chinese airlines, Star Alliance now has 19 member carriers operating 17,000 daily flights to 897 destinations in 160 countries.……
文摘With the rapid development of Things of Internet and its related technologies such as Wireless Sensor Network and remote access system development, its application on agricultural and farming domain has become a new research direction. This paper discusses a practical and efficient system by applying mobile software development technologies and ZigBee communication network. To achieve a compact and flexible iOS-based client, this study takes advantage of Model-View-ViewModel pattern as well as Client/Server style. Several encryption technologies such as Message Digest algorithm and Rivest Shamir Adleman algorithm are combined to ensure information security. Compared to the common portable marketing system, the proposed system also provides accurate growth information which is collected by wireless sensor network, and proposes a more flexible design pattern for mobile client hence obtaining a better performance on iOS devices.
文摘Two international conferences in November 2025 jointly outlined a profound transformation of climate governance.The Committee on Trade and Environment(CTE)of the World Trade Organization(WTO)held a conference in Geneva,Switzerland,on November 4,where the topic of cooperation on trade-related carbon standards aroused heated discussions.The Leaders'Summit of the 30th Conference of the Parties(COP)to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC)was held in Belém,Brazil,on November 7.At the meeting,the Open Coalition on Compliance Carbon Markets was officially launched with the initial membership of 11 economies including Brazil,China,and the EU.As the world's first transnational alliance on compliant carbon markets,the coalition aims to coordinate carbon pricing mechanisms,emission trading systems and related policies in various countries,and realize the interconnection of global compliance carbon market networks.
文摘The inventive foundation of mobile cellular technologies was laid about 100 years ago. Wireless voice service was commercialised in the 1940s by AT&T. In Germany, public and non-cellular wireless service was established by Deutsche Bundespost in the late 1950s and the first analogue cellular network called C-Netz emerged in the mid-1980s. In China, the first mobile cellular networks called TACS-A and TACS-B were installed by Ministry of Post and Telecommunication in the late 1980s. While describing the events in Germany and China, this paper concentrates on discussing the related technologies and their impacts in the marketplace. A comparison summarises some important findings. Japan and Europe's Nordic countries were the first nations to commercialise the 1st generation analogous cellular technologies. There existed A- and B-Network in Germany and China, but the network nature of them is quite different. The market development in Germany and China was similar. The enlarged network capacity accommodated gradually more subscribers and prices related to the cellular services fell continuously. However, China's fee system was more complicated and has adopted the RPP regime, while Germany has been using the CPP billing. The article concludes that implications such as the relationship between science and technology, time lag between scientific discovery and technological applications and technology spillover from military to civilian area are the economic lessons learnt from the story of cellular origin.
文摘The German Postal Reform I in 1989 introduced competition in the mobile cellular market. German cellular operators, DeTeMobil, Mannesmann, E-Plus and VIAG Interkom, built D1-, D2-, E1-and E2-Netze based on GSM standards made in Europe. China Unicom was created in 1994 and China Telecom was separated from MPT in 1995. China Telecom and China Unicom competed in a duopoly from the mid-1990s onwards and the cellular services provided by them also rely on GSM standards. China Telecom additionally deployed XLT technology (PHS) from the late 1990s onwards. While DeTeMobil and Mannesmann conquered approximately 80%-90% of the market throughout the 1990s and were the two dominant market players in Germany, China’s cellular market was mainly controlled by China Mobile. In Germany, prices related to cellular technology continued the downwards trend as a major result of the process of deregulation, liberalisation and competition. In China, price wars had led to significant price reductions in the cellular market. Although network operators in both countries strived to deliver differentiated cellular services, the two national markets in the 1990s were visibly shaped by product homogeneity.
