Semantic translation and communicative translation are two strategies in Newmark's translation theory.This article begins with a discussion on Newmark's two translation methods,and aims at providing a theoreti...Semantic translation and communicative translation are two strategies in Newmark's translation theory.This article begins with a discussion on Newmark's two translation methods,and aims at providing a theoretical basis for the combined application of both methods in translation of tour guide manuals.展开更多
Based on the xu-argument, this study investigated the use of translation continuation tasks in commercial translation instruction. Forty-four second-year Business English majors at a Chinese university participated in...Based on the xu-argument, this study investigated the use of translation continuation tasks in commercial translation instruction. Forty-four second-year Business English majors at a Chinese university participated in the study. They were divided into equal-sized control and experimental groups. Members of the experimental group were asked to read Chinese-English parallel texts from a user manual, while those of the control group were asked to read the Chinese text only.Subsequently, both groups were required to translate the continued Chinese text into English. The results indicated the following: 1) the experimental group’s translated text was of significantly higher quality than that of the control group;and 2) the experimental group’s translations were well-aligned with the original text in their use of terminology, sentence structure, and stylistic features. The study concludes by suggesting that translation continuation tasks can improve commercial translation instruction and hence should be further applied in practice.展开更多
Primarily project procedure manuals are intended to enforce company polices or procedures. These manuals are important pieces for successful project management in the construction industry,because construction project...Primarily project procedure manuals are intended to enforce company polices or procedures. These manuals are important pieces for successful project management in the construction industry,because construction projects are operated virtually. Even though subcontractors are responsible for field works,a general contractor is still responsible for providing quality project management services for project owners. The more subcontractors involved,the harder it is to monitor and control them, due to the different management processes and procedures they use. More than 36 procedure manuals in the building and industrial construction were reviewed to create process maps of various management services. According to surveys, larger contractors have a broader use of procedure manuals than smaller contractors. The full-scale manuals cover project administration, schedule, cost, contract administration, quality, or safety to home office operations. The small-scale manuals cover from site mobilization, to startup and closeout. Small-scale operation manuals are often used by medium to small contractors. This paper presents suggestions for integrated procedure manuals for construction management firms based on studies of multiple construction procedure manuals. A framework for integrating procedure manuals is presented. The proposed framework can be used to keep uniformity across management procedures and phases. In addition, it can be used to implement a project management system. It can be used to forecast or evaluate management activities through replicability of the management responses.展开更多
To translate the instruction manuals not only demands the translators offer necessary and complete information of the products,but also take into consideration the typology of the instruction manuals and regard transl...To translate the instruction manuals not only demands the translators offer necessary and complete information of the products,but also take into consideration the typology of the instruction manuals and regard translation process as an interpersonal action.Based upon the functionalist approaches,this paper is dealing with the specific translation process of instruction manuals.Through analyzing the application of the text typology and translating as interpersonal action into translation,it is found that functionalist approaches are of great guidance to the instruction manual-translating.This offers a new perspective of the translation of instruction manuals.展开更多
Digital technologies have become an integral part of complete denture restoration.With advancement in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing(CAD/CAM),tools such as intraoral scanning,facial scanning,3D...Digital technologies have become an integral part of complete denture restoration.With advancement in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing(CAD/CAM),tools such as intraoral scanning,facial scanning,3D printing,and numerical control machining are reshaping the workflow of complete denture restoration.Unlike conventional methods that rely heavily on clinical experience and manual techniques,digital technologies offer greater precision,predictability,and efficacy.They also streamline the process by reducing the number of patient visits and improving overall comfort.Despite these improvements,the clinical application of digital complete denture restoration still faces challenges that require further standardization.The major issues include appropriate case selection,establishing consistent digital workflows,and evaluating long-term outcomes.To address these challenges and provide clinical guidance for practitioners,this expert consensus outlines the principles,advantages,and limitations of digital complete denture technology.The aim of this review was to offer practical recommendations on indications,clinical procedures and precautions,evaluation metrics,and outcome assessment to support digital restoration of complete denture in clinical practice.展开更多
Objective Previous studies indicated a close correlation between manual acupuncture(MA)analgesia and the mobilization of extracellular adenosine triphosphate(ATP)at the acupoints.This study attempted to investigate wh...Objective Previous studies indicated a close correlation between manual acupuncture(MA)analgesia and the mobilization of extracellular adenosine triphosphate(ATP)at the acupoints.This study attempted to investigate whether this relationship is altered with the manipulation patterns of MA.Additionally,we further testified whether these two events parallelly varied with different frequencies of electroacupuncture(EA).Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:blank group,model group,MA group,and EA group.MA group was further divided into four sub-groups:standard MA,sham MA,lifting-thrusting MA,and shallow MA.Similarly,EA group was categorized based on current frequency into 2 Hz,2–100 Hz,100 Hz,and ARL67156+100 Hz sub-groups.For the behavioral tests,each group comprised 4–8 rats;for extracellular ATP assessment,each group consisted of 3–6 rats.Complete Freund’s adjuvant(CFA)was injected into the left ankle joint cavity to create an acute adjuvant arthritis(AA)model.A 20-minute session of either MA at left Zusanli(ST36)or EA at bilateral ST36 was administered on AA rats.Thermal hyperalgesia of the hind paw was determined.Extracellular ATP in the interstitial space at ST36(inters.ATP)was extracted using microdialysis and quantified via a luciferase-luciferin assay.Results Modeling induced tenderness at ST36(P<0.001)and higher ATP mobilization(P<0.05)in response to MA.Both standard MA(P<0.001)and lifting-thrusting manipulation(P<0.001)exhibited a remarkable analgesic effect,which was not observed with sham MA,deep insertion plus retention.Verum MA(P<0.001)rather than sham intervention,significantly elevated inters.ATP levels.Notably,shallow MA,penetrating the skin layer and needling with twirling-rotating,demonstrated analgesia and increasing inters.ATP level(P<0.05).Regarding EA,treatments at frequencies of 2 Hz(P<0.01),2–100 Hz(P<0.05),and 100 Hz(P<0.05)significantly alleviated pain.Only the 2–100 Hz(P<0.05)and 100 Hz(P<0.01)interventions,particularly in the latter,potentiated ATP mobilization.Preventing ATP hydrolysis dampened the analgesic effects of the standard MA and 100 Hz EA.Conclusion There is a general correlation between ATP mobilization at the acupoint and the analgesic effect of MA and EA.However,the underlying mechanisms related to shallow MA and 2 Hz EA remain to be elucidated.展开更多
Cataract surgery is still the most common surgery performed worldwide.It has evolved tremendously in terms of incision,from 12 mm to 1.8 mm,in terms of capsulotomy from envelope type to automated capsulorhexis,and fro...Cataract surgery is still the most common surgery performed worldwide.It has evolved tremendously in terms of incision,from 12 mm to 1.8 mm,in terms of capsulotomy from envelope type to automated capsulorhexis,and from rigid intraocular lens to foldable intraocular lenses.Manual small incision cataract surgery(MSICS)remains a valuable technique,particularly in rural and underserved areas,due to its cost-effectiveness and simplicity.Its low logistics and favorable outcomes are particularly useful for managing the cataract backlog in developing countries.This review highlights the history and evolution of MSICS,and the reasons for the advent and popularity of this technique,especially in developing countries.It reviews the various recent modifications of the technique,for example,from a superior incision approach to temporal incision to customized MSICS,2 mm MSICS,and astigmatism-correcting MSICS.It provides an overview of its applicability in complicated scenarios(viz.,small pupil,compromised cornea,pseudoexfoliation,subluxated cataract,etc.).It briefly reviews the clinical trials on MSICS and its comparison with phacoemulsification.Finally,the review emphasizes why every ophthalmic surgeon must know MSICS,its relevance in postgraduate teaching,and the role of MSICS simulators for the same.Overall,the review presents a comprehensive picture of the present status of this technique in the surgical armamentarium of ophthalmology.展开更多
Discovery of spermatozoa during the 17^(th) century led to developing technologies for semen analysis in the early 1900s,and then,standard techniques were implemented during the 20^(th) century.Semen analysis has a pi...Discovery of spermatozoa during the 17^(th) century led to developing technologies for semen analysis in the early 1900s,and then,standard techniques were implemented during the 20^(th) century.Semen analysis has a pivotal role in the male infertility evaluation,and azoospermia is an important finding.Azoospermia is identified in 15%of infertile men.However,the accurate laboratory assessment of azoospermia poses certain technical challenges.Laboratories currently perform semen assessment with great variability;thus,a standard method should be used.Planning suitable management and determining the cause of infertility require a precise evaluation of azoospermia.This review aims to address the definition of azoospermia and highlight laboratory methods in the assessments of azoospermia.Basic methods such as centrifugation,repeat pellet analysis,and staining and advanced methods such as genetic testing and biomarkers have been discussed.These methods have helped in standardizing the protocol for accurate azoospermia assessments with less variability.展开更多
Background: Osteopathic manual treatment (OMT) has been reported to have positive initial results for subjects with chronic non-specific back pain in a rural safety-net hospital. However, the effects of OMT following ...Background: Osteopathic manual treatment (OMT) has been reported to have positive initial results for subjects with chronic non-specific back pain in a rural safety-net hospital. However, the effects of OMT following initial treatment have not been reported. Objective: To determine the effects of OMT for patients with chronic non-specific back pain in a rural safety-net hospital setting for an initial post-clinical and follow-up visit. Methods: A longitudinal, rolling admission, eleven-year study of cohort study with a primary complaint of chronic, non-specific back pain that had plateaued in improvement for a minimum of six months. One hundred and fifty-one subjects completed the first two study visits necessary for data collection, and fifty-nine subjects completed the follow-up visit after six months. Results: A two-way, mixed model, repeated measures ANOVA with pre- post1 and post2 (follow-up) treatment as the within variable and sex as the between subject variable showed a significant main effect from pre- to follow-up, (F (1, 57) = 21.171, P ηP2= 0.426), but not a significant interaction between time and sex (F (1, 57) = 0.279, P ηP2= 0.002). Conclusions: The results of this study support the hypothesis that OMT has a continued benefit in pain reduction and functional improvement beyond the initial treatment period. The rural, safety-net hospital setting made this study unique relative to the sample population.展开更多
[Objectives]This meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)manual therapies(Tuina,Daoyin,acupotomology)for idiopathic scoliosis(IS),with dual focus on radiographic outcomes(Cobb angle,ve...[Objectives]This meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)manual therapies(Tuina,Daoyin,acupotomology)for idiopathic scoliosis(IS),with dual focus on radiographic outcomes(Cobb angle,vertebral rotation)and patient-centered metrics(pain,disability,quality of life).[Methods]This study systematically searched PubMed,Cochrane Library,EMBASE,Web of Science,CNKI,Wanfang,and VIP databases(from inception to July 2025)for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)comparing TCM manual therapies against controls(bracing,exercise,sham,or no intervention).Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed methodological quality using the PEDro scale.Meta-analyses employed random-effects models(Stata 18)to calculate Hedges'g with 95%confidence intervals(CI).Heterogeneity was quantified via I 2 statistics,and subgroup analyses examined intervention types(standalone versus combined)and control groups.[Results]Radiographic outcomes:TCM therapies significantly reduced Cobb angle(Hedges'g=-0.93;95%CI:-1.37,-0.49;p<0.001)and vertebral torsion rotation(VTR;g=-0.71;95%CI:-0.91,-0.51;p<0.001)versus controls;patient-centered outcomes:substantial pain reduction(VAS:g=-1.47;95%CI:-2.64,-0.30;p=0.01)and disability improvement(ODI:g=-1.10;95%CI:-1.57,-0.64;p<0.001)were observed.Quality of life(SRS-22)showed non-significant gains(g=2.01;95%CI:-0.43,4.45;p=0.11).[Conclusions]TCM manual therapies significantly improve spinal alignment and reduce pain/disability in IS patients,particularly when integrated with exercise regimens.While results support their role as complementary interventions,standardization of protocols and long-term efficacy studies are needed for clinical implementation.展开更多
The problems noted in the structures built on wooden foundation piles in a lake environment required various works to strengthen over time.This work mainly consists of the recovery of the foundation mass by micropiles...The problems noted in the structures built on wooden foundation piles in a lake environment required various works to strengthen over time.This work mainly consists of the recovery of the foundation mass by micropiles due to the increase in loads on the structures,or the recovery of the foundation mass by injection,which is carried out when voids form between the ground and the wooden foundation elements.The high cost of foundation reinforcement methods led the National Agency for the Development of Tourist Heritage in Benin(ANPT)to replace the wooden foundation piles with reinforced concrete piles in the implementation of the project“reinventing the lakeside city of Ganvié”.This article presents an artisanal technology for the creation of reinforced concrete foundation piles in a lake environment.On-site examples made it possible to evaluate the performance of this artisanal implementation technique.The installation of these piles is carried out following manual drilling,followed by the installation of reinforcement and the pouring of concrete on site.The implementation of reinforced concrete foundation piles in place of the wooden ones studied in this article only impacted the infrastructure of the homes of the lakeside town of Ganviébut not the superstructure,which preserved the old traditional wooden architecture and thatched roofs.Thus,the ambition to move this city of Ganviéfrom the stage of a lake village to that of a floating city is very successful.This will contribute to improving the environment and living conditions of the populations and will promote economic development through tourism.展开更多
The detection of surface defects in concrete bridges using deep learning is of significant importance for reducing operational risks,saving maintenance costs,and driving the intelligent transformation of bridge defect...The detection of surface defects in concrete bridges using deep learning is of significant importance for reducing operational risks,saving maintenance costs,and driving the intelligent transformation of bridge defect detection.In contrast to the subjective and inefficient manual visual inspection,deep learning-based algorithms for concrete defect detection exhibit remarkable advantages,emerging as a focal point in recent research.This paper comprehensively analyzes the research progress of deep learning algorithms in the field of surface defect detection in concrete bridges in recent years.It introduces the early detection methods for surface defects in concrete bridges and the development of deep learning.Subsequently,it provides an overview of deep learning-based concrete bridge surface defect detection research from three aspects:image classification,object detection,and semantic segmentation.The paper summarizes the strengths and weaknesses of existing methods and the challenges they face.Additionally,it analyzes and prospects the development trends of surface defect detection in concrete bridges.展开更多
Prolonged grief disorder(PGD)is characterized by intense and persistent grief that significantly impairs daily functioning.For bereaved parents,the loss of a child represents an unparalleled emotional challenge,placin...Prolonged grief disorder(PGD)is characterized by intense and persistent grief that significantly impairs daily functioning.For bereaved parents,the loss of a child represents an unparalleled emotional challenge,placing them at heightened risk of developing PGD.This review traces the evolution of PGD from early con-ceptualization to current definitions in the International Classification of Diseases,11th revision,and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,5th Edition,Text Revision.Building on this historical foundation,the analysis examined the prevalence,risk factors,and diagnostic criteria of PGD in bereaved parents,with particular attention to sex differences,the nature of the loss,and the time elapsed since the child’s death.Furthermore,this review examines the multidimensional consequences of PGD on parents,including its emotional,physiological,and functional effects.Evidence-based treatments for PGD,such as psychotherapeutic approaches and emerging interventions,are also discussed.By synthesizing existing research,this review provides a comprehensive under-standing of PGD among bereaved parents,highlights the unique challenges they face,and offers practical insights and recommendations for clinicians working with this population.展开更多
Smart grid substation operations often take place in hazardous environments and pose significant threats to the safety of power personnel.Relying solely on manual supervision can lead to inadequate oversight.In respon...Smart grid substation operations often take place in hazardous environments and pose significant threats to the safety of power personnel.Relying solely on manual supervision can lead to inadequate oversight.In response to the demand for technology to identify improper operations in substation work scenarios,this paper proposes a substation safety action recognition technology to avoid the misoperation and enhance the safety management.In general,this paper utilizes a dual-branch transformer network to extract spatial and temporal information from the video dataset of operational behaviors in complex substation environments.Firstly,in order to capture the spatial-temporal correlation of people's behaviors in smart grid substation,we devise a sparse attention module and a segmented linear attention module that are embedded into spatial branch transformer and temporal branch transformer respectively.To avoid the redundancy of spatial and temporal information,we fuse the temporal and spatial features using a tensor decomposition fusion module by a decoupled manner.Experimental results indicate that our proposed method accurately detects improper operational behaviors in substation work scenarios,outperforming other existing methods in terms of detection and recognition accuracy.展开更多
This study focuses on metaphorical terminology in scientific and technical texts,with reference to the English translation practice of a fire extinguisher product operation manual.The research demonstrates that the tr...This study focuses on metaphorical terminology in scientific and technical texts,with reference to the English translation practice of a fire extinguisher product operation manual.The research demonstrates that the translation methods for metaphorical terminology in fire extinguisher product manuals are crucial for Chinese products to gain international recognition.The English translation process must adhere to scientificity,rigor,and readability as fundamental principles,while adopting“literal translation”and“substitution translation”as the primary translation methods.Only by doing so can we facilitate the deep integration of Chinese products into international trade and promote their globalization.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of robot-assisted percutaneous coronary intervention(R-PCI)compared to traditional manual percutaneous coronary intervention(M-PCI).METHODS This prospective,multicent...OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of robot-assisted percutaneous coronary intervention(R-PCI)compared to traditional manual percutaneous coronary intervention(M-PCI).METHODS This prospective,multicenter,randomized controlled,non-inferior clinical trial enrolled patients with coronary heart disease who met the inclusion criteria and had indications for elective percutaneous coronary intervention.Participants were randomly assigned to either the R-PCI group or the M-PCI group.Primary endpoints were clinical and technical success rates.Clinical success was defined as visually estimated residual post-percutaneous coronary intervention stenosis<30% with no 30-day major adverse cardiac events.Technical success in the R-PCI group was defined as successful completion of percutaneous coronary intervention using the ETcath200 robot-assisted system,without conversion to M-PCI in the event of a guidewire or balloon/stent catheter that was unable to cross the vessel or was poorly supported by the catheter.Secondary endpoints included total procedure time,percutaneous coronary intervention procedure time,fluoroscopy time,contrast volume,operator radiation exposure,air kerma,and dose-area product.RESULTS The trial enrolled 152 patients(R-PCI:73 patients,M-PCI:79 patients).Lesions were predominantly B2/C type(73.6%).Both groups achieved 100% clinical success rate.No major adverse cardiac events occurred during the 30-day follow-up.The R-PCI group had a technical success rate of 100%.The R-PCI group had longer total procedure and fluoroscopy times,but lower operator radiation exposure.The percutaneous coronary intervention procedure time,contrast volume,air kerma,and dose-area product were similar between the two groups.CONCLUSIONS For certain complex lesions,performing percutaneous coronary intervention using the ETcath200 robot-assisted system is safe and effective and does not result in conversion to M-PCI.展开更多
肌筋膜疼痛综合征（myofascial pain syndrome,MPS）是临床上的常见病和多发病,国外学者Travell及Simons在《Travell and Simons＇Myof-ascial Pain and Dysfunction–The Trigger Point Manual》一书中对激痛点理论进行了详细描述,代表...肌筋膜疼痛综合征（myofascial pain syndrome,MPS）是临床上的常见病和多发病,国外学者Travell及Simons在《Travell and Simons＇Myof-ascial Pain and Dysfunction–The Trigger Point Manual》一书中对激痛点理论进行了详细描述,代表了MPS的临床诊断和治疗的基础,然而由于很难确定激痛点,临床治疗很难收到满意的疗效。展开更多
Comparing and analyzing the difference between automatic-observed and manual-observed wind speed based on the wind speed parallel observations in two methods, we find that many elements can influence the difference be...Comparing and analyzing the difference between automatic-observed and manual-observed wind speed based on the wind speed parallel observations in two methods, we find that many elements can influence the difference between automatic-observed and manual-observed wind speed, including the levels of speed wind, observation instruments and different regions. According to these elements, correction has been conducted, and find that the correction according to the level of wind speed has the best correction effect.展开更多
文摘Semantic translation and communicative translation are two strategies in Newmark's translation theory.This article begins with a discussion on Newmark's two translation methods,and aims at providing a theoretical basis for the combined application of both methods in translation of tour guide manuals.
文摘Based on the xu-argument, this study investigated the use of translation continuation tasks in commercial translation instruction. Forty-four second-year Business English majors at a Chinese university participated in the study. They were divided into equal-sized control and experimental groups. Members of the experimental group were asked to read Chinese-English parallel texts from a user manual, while those of the control group were asked to read the Chinese text only.Subsequently, both groups were required to translate the continued Chinese text into English. The results indicated the following: 1) the experimental group’s translated text was of significantly higher quality than that of the control group;and 2) the experimental group’s translations were well-aligned with the original text in their use of terminology, sentence structure, and stylistic features. The study concludes by suggesting that translation continuation tasks can improve commercial translation instruction and hence should be further applied in practice.
文摘Primarily project procedure manuals are intended to enforce company polices or procedures. These manuals are important pieces for successful project management in the construction industry,because construction projects are operated virtually. Even though subcontractors are responsible for field works,a general contractor is still responsible for providing quality project management services for project owners. The more subcontractors involved,the harder it is to monitor and control them, due to the different management processes and procedures they use. More than 36 procedure manuals in the building and industrial construction were reviewed to create process maps of various management services. According to surveys, larger contractors have a broader use of procedure manuals than smaller contractors. The full-scale manuals cover project administration, schedule, cost, contract administration, quality, or safety to home office operations. The small-scale manuals cover from site mobilization, to startup and closeout. Small-scale operation manuals are often used by medium to small contractors. This paper presents suggestions for integrated procedure manuals for construction management firms based on studies of multiple construction procedure manuals. A framework for integrating procedure manuals is presented. The proposed framework can be used to keep uniformity across management procedures and phases. In addition, it can be used to implement a project management system. It can be used to forecast or evaluate management activities through replicability of the management responses.
文摘To translate the instruction manuals not only demands the translators offer necessary and complete information of the products,but also take into consideration the typology of the instruction manuals and regard translation process as an interpersonal action.Based upon the functionalist approaches,this paper is dealing with the specific translation process of instruction manuals.Through analyzing the application of the text typology and translating as interpersonal action into translation,it is found that functionalist approaches are of great guidance to the instruction manual-translating.This offers a new perspective of the translation of instruction manuals.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(82325012)General project of State Key Laboratory of Oral&Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration(2024MS05).
文摘Digital technologies have become an integral part of complete denture restoration.With advancement in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing(CAD/CAM),tools such as intraoral scanning,facial scanning,3D printing,and numerical control machining are reshaping the workflow of complete denture restoration.Unlike conventional methods that rely heavily on clinical experience and manual techniques,digital technologies offer greater precision,predictability,and efficacy.They also streamline the process by reducing the number of patient visits and improving overall comfort.Despite these improvements,the clinical application of digital complete denture restoration still faces challenges that require further standardization.The major issues include appropriate case selection,establishing consistent digital workflows,and evaluating long-term outcomes.To address these challenges and provide clinical guidance for practitioners,this expert consensus outlines the principles,advantages,and limitations of digital complete denture technology.The aim of this review was to offer practical recommendations on indications,clinical procedures and precautions,evaluation metrics,and outcome assessment to support digital restoration of complete denture in clinical practice.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China:8247464082174488+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai:22ZR1461500Shanghai Key Laboratory for Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function:21DZ2271800。
文摘Objective Previous studies indicated a close correlation between manual acupuncture(MA)analgesia and the mobilization of extracellular adenosine triphosphate(ATP)at the acupoints.This study attempted to investigate whether this relationship is altered with the manipulation patterns of MA.Additionally,we further testified whether these two events parallelly varied with different frequencies of electroacupuncture(EA).Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:blank group,model group,MA group,and EA group.MA group was further divided into four sub-groups:standard MA,sham MA,lifting-thrusting MA,and shallow MA.Similarly,EA group was categorized based on current frequency into 2 Hz,2–100 Hz,100 Hz,and ARL67156+100 Hz sub-groups.For the behavioral tests,each group comprised 4–8 rats;for extracellular ATP assessment,each group consisted of 3–6 rats.Complete Freund’s adjuvant(CFA)was injected into the left ankle joint cavity to create an acute adjuvant arthritis(AA)model.A 20-minute session of either MA at left Zusanli(ST36)or EA at bilateral ST36 was administered on AA rats.Thermal hyperalgesia of the hind paw was determined.Extracellular ATP in the interstitial space at ST36(inters.ATP)was extracted using microdialysis and quantified via a luciferase-luciferin assay.Results Modeling induced tenderness at ST36(P<0.001)and higher ATP mobilization(P<0.05)in response to MA.Both standard MA(P<0.001)and lifting-thrusting manipulation(P<0.001)exhibited a remarkable analgesic effect,which was not observed with sham MA,deep insertion plus retention.Verum MA(P<0.001)rather than sham intervention,significantly elevated inters.ATP levels.Notably,shallow MA,penetrating the skin layer and needling with twirling-rotating,demonstrated analgesia and increasing inters.ATP level(P<0.05).Regarding EA,treatments at frequencies of 2 Hz(P<0.01),2–100 Hz(P<0.05),and 100 Hz(P<0.05)significantly alleviated pain.Only the 2–100 Hz(P<0.05)and 100 Hz(P<0.01)interventions,particularly in the latter,potentiated ATP mobilization.Preventing ATP hydrolysis dampened the analgesic effects of the standard MA and 100 Hz EA.Conclusion There is a general correlation between ATP mobilization at the acupoint and the analgesic effect of MA and EA.However,the underlying mechanisms related to shallow MA and 2 Hz EA remain to be elucidated.
文摘Cataract surgery is still the most common surgery performed worldwide.It has evolved tremendously in terms of incision,from 12 mm to 1.8 mm,in terms of capsulotomy from envelope type to automated capsulorhexis,and from rigid intraocular lens to foldable intraocular lenses.Manual small incision cataract surgery(MSICS)remains a valuable technique,particularly in rural and underserved areas,due to its cost-effectiveness and simplicity.Its low logistics and favorable outcomes are particularly useful for managing the cataract backlog in developing countries.This review highlights the history and evolution of MSICS,and the reasons for the advent and popularity of this technique,especially in developing countries.It reviews the various recent modifications of the technique,for example,from a superior incision approach to temporal incision to customized MSICS,2 mm MSICS,and astigmatism-correcting MSICS.It provides an overview of its applicability in complicated scenarios(viz.,small pupil,compromised cornea,pseudoexfoliation,subluxated cataract,etc.).It briefly reviews the clinical trials on MSICS and its comparison with phacoemulsification.Finally,the review emphasizes why every ophthalmic surgeon must know MSICS,its relevance in postgraduate teaching,and the role of MSICS simulators for the same.Overall,the review presents a comprehensive picture of the present status of this technique in the surgical armamentarium of ophthalmology.
文摘Discovery of spermatozoa during the 17^(th) century led to developing technologies for semen analysis in the early 1900s,and then,standard techniques were implemented during the 20^(th) century.Semen analysis has a pivotal role in the male infertility evaluation,and azoospermia is an important finding.Azoospermia is identified in 15%of infertile men.However,the accurate laboratory assessment of azoospermia poses certain technical challenges.Laboratories currently perform semen assessment with great variability;thus,a standard method should be used.Planning suitable management and determining the cause of infertility require a precise evaluation of azoospermia.This review aims to address the definition of azoospermia and highlight laboratory methods in the assessments of azoospermia.Basic methods such as centrifugation,repeat pellet analysis,and staining and advanced methods such as genetic testing and biomarkers have been discussed.These methods have helped in standardizing the protocol for accurate azoospermia assessments with less variability.
文摘Background: Osteopathic manual treatment (OMT) has been reported to have positive initial results for subjects with chronic non-specific back pain in a rural safety-net hospital. However, the effects of OMT following initial treatment have not been reported. Objective: To determine the effects of OMT for patients with chronic non-specific back pain in a rural safety-net hospital setting for an initial post-clinical and follow-up visit. Methods: A longitudinal, rolling admission, eleven-year study of cohort study with a primary complaint of chronic, non-specific back pain that had plateaued in improvement for a minimum of six months. One hundred and fifty-one subjects completed the first two study visits necessary for data collection, and fifty-nine subjects completed the follow-up visit after six months. Results: A two-way, mixed model, repeated measures ANOVA with pre- post1 and post2 (follow-up) treatment as the within variable and sex as the between subject variable showed a significant main effect from pre- to follow-up, (F (1, 57) = 21.171, P ηP2= 0.426), but not a significant interaction between time and sex (F (1, 57) = 0.279, P ηP2= 0.002). Conclusions: The results of this study support the hypothesis that OMT has a continued benefit in pain reduction and functional improvement beyond the initial treatment period. The rural, safety-net hospital setting made this study unique relative to the sample population.
文摘[Objectives]This meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)manual therapies(Tuina,Daoyin,acupotomology)for idiopathic scoliosis(IS),with dual focus on radiographic outcomes(Cobb angle,vertebral rotation)and patient-centered metrics(pain,disability,quality of life).[Methods]This study systematically searched PubMed,Cochrane Library,EMBASE,Web of Science,CNKI,Wanfang,and VIP databases(from inception to July 2025)for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)comparing TCM manual therapies against controls(bracing,exercise,sham,or no intervention).Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed methodological quality using the PEDro scale.Meta-analyses employed random-effects models(Stata 18)to calculate Hedges'g with 95%confidence intervals(CI).Heterogeneity was quantified via I 2 statistics,and subgroup analyses examined intervention types(standalone versus combined)and control groups.[Results]Radiographic outcomes:TCM therapies significantly reduced Cobb angle(Hedges'g=-0.93;95%CI:-1.37,-0.49;p<0.001)and vertebral torsion rotation(VTR;g=-0.71;95%CI:-0.91,-0.51;p<0.001)versus controls;patient-centered outcomes:substantial pain reduction(VAS:g=-1.47;95%CI:-2.64,-0.30;p=0.01)and disability improvement(ODI:g=-1.10;95%CI:-1.57,-0.64;p<0.001)were observed.Quality of life(SRS-22)showed non-significant gains(g=2.01;95%CI:-0.43,4.45;p=0.11).[Conclusions]TCM manual therapies significantly improve spinal alignment and reduce pain/disability in IS patients,particularly when integrated with exercise regimens.While results support their role as complementary interventions,standardization of protocols and long-term efficacy studies are needed for clinical implementation.
文摘The problems noted in the structures built on wooden foundation piles in a lake environment required various works to strengthen over time.This work mainly consists of the recovery of the foundation mass by micropiles due to the increase in loads on the structures,or the recovery of the foundation mass by injection,which is carried out when voids form between the ground and the wooden foundation elements.The high cost of foundation reinforcement methods led the National Agency for the Development of Tourist Heritage in Benin(ANPT)to replace the wooden foundation piles with reinforced concrete piles in the implementation of the project“reinventing the lakeside city of Ganvié”.This article presents an artisanal technology for the creation of reinforced concrete foundation piles in a lake environment.On-site examples made it possible to evaluate the performance of this artisanal implementation technique.The installation of these piles is carried out following manual drilling,followed by the installation of reinforcement and the pouring of concrete on site.The implementation of reinforced concrete foundation piles in place of the wooden ones studied in this article only impacted the infrastructure of the homes of the lakeside town of Ganviébut not the superstructure,which preserved the old traditional wooden architecture and thatched roofs.Thus,the ambition to move this city of Ganviéfrom the stage of a lake village to that of a floating city is very successful.This will contribute to improving the environment and living conditions of the populations and will promote economic development through tourism.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province-International Science and Technology Cooperation Program Project (No.2020KW-001)the Contract for Xi'an Municipal Science and Technology Plan Project-Xi'an City Strong Foundation Innovation Plan (No.21XJZZ0074)the Key Project of Graduate Student Innovation Fund at Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications (No.CXJJZL2023013)。
文摘The detection of surface defects in concrete bridges using deep learning is of significant importance for reducing operational risks,saving maintenance costs,and driving the intelligent transformation of bridge defect detection.In contrast to the subjective and inefficient manual visual inspection,deep learning-based algorithms for concrete defect detection exhibit remarkable advantages,emerging as a focal point in recent research.This paper comprehensively analyzes the research progress of deep learning algorithms in the field of surface defect detection in concrete bridges in recent years.It introduces the early detection methods for surface defects in concrete bridges and the development of deep learning.Subsequently,it provides an overview of deep learning-based concrete bridge surface defect detection research from three aspects:image classification,object detection,and semantic segmentation.The paper summarizes the strengths and weaknesses of existing methods and the challenges they face.Additionally,it analyzes and prospects the development trends of surface defect detection in concrete bridges.
文摘Prolonged grief disorder(PGD)is characterized by intense and persistent grief that significantly impairs daily functioning.For bereaved parents,the loss of a child represents an unparalleled emotional challenge,placing them at heightened risk of developing PGD.This review traces the evolution of PGD from early con-ceptualization to current definitions in the International Classification of Diseases,11th revision,and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,5th Edition,Text Revision.Building on this historical foundation,the analysis examined the prevalence,risk factors,and diagnostic criteria of PGD in bereaved parents,with particular attention to sex differences,the nature of the loss,and the time elapsed since the child’s death.Furthermore,this review examines the multidimensional consequences of PGD on parents,including its emotional,physiological,and functional effects.Evidence-based treatments for PGD,such as psychotherapeutic approaches and emerging interventions,are also discussed.By synthesizing existing research,this review provides a comprehensive under-standing of PGD among bereaved parents,highlights the unique challenges they face,and offers practical insights and recommendations for clinicians working with this population.
文摘Smart grid substation operations often take place in hazardous environments and pose significant threats to the safety of power personnel.Relying solely on manual supervision can lead to inadequate oversight.In response to the demand for technology to identify improper operations in substation work scenarios,this paper proposes a substation safety action recognition technology to avoid the misoperation and enhance the safety management.In general,this paper utilizes a dual-branch transformer network to extract spatial and temporal information from the video dataset of operational behaviors in complex substation environments.Firstly,in order to capture the spatial-temporal correlation of people's behaviors in smart grid substation,we devise a sparse attention module and a segmented linear attention module that are embedded into spatial branch transformer and temporal branch transformer respectively.To avoid the redundancy of spatial and temporal information,we fuse the temporal and spatial features using a tensor decomposition fusion module by a decoupled manner.Experimental results indicate that our proposed method accurately detects improper operational behaviors in substation work scenarios,outperforming other existing methods in terms of detection and recognition accuracy.
文摘This study focuses on metaphorical terminology in scientific and technical texts,with reference to the English translation practice of a fire extinguisher product operation manual.The research demonstrates that the translation methods for metaphorical terminology in fire extinguisher product manuals are crucial for Chinese products to gain international recognition.The English translation process must adhere to scientificity,rigor,and readability as fundamental principles,while adopting“literal translation”and“substitution translation”as the primary translation methods.Only by doing so can we facilitate the deep integration of Chinese products into international trade and promote their globalization.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC3602500)Beijing High-level Public Health Technical Talents Construction Project(Discipline Leader-03-24)Beijing Hospitals Authority’s Ascent Plan(DFL20240601).
文摘OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of robot-assisted percutaneous coronary intervention(R-PCI)compared to traditional manual percutaneous coronary intervention(M-PCI).METHODS This prospective,multicenter,randomized controlled,non-inferior clinical trial enrolled patients with coronary heart disease who met the inclusion criteria and had indications for elective percutaneous coronary intervention.Participants were randomly assigned to either the R-PCI group or the M-PCI group.Primary endpoints were clinical and technical success rates.Clinical success was defined as visually estimated residual post-percutaneous coronary intervention stenosis<30% with no 30-day major adverse cardiac events.Technical success in the R-PCI group was defined as successful completion of percutaneous coronary intervention using the ETcath200 robot-assisted system,without conversion to M-PCI in the event of a guidewire or balloon/stent catheter that was unable to cross the vessel or was poorly supported by the catheter.Secondary endpoints included total procedure time,percutaneous coronary intervention procedure time,fluoroscopy time,contrast volume,operator radiation exposure,air kerma,and dose-area product.RESULTS The trial enrolled 152 patients(R-PCI:73 patients,M-PCI:79 patients).Lesions were predominantly B2/C type(73.6%).Both groups achieved 100% clinical success rate.No major adverse cardiac events occurred during the 30-day follow-up.The R-PCI group had a technical success rate of 100%.The R-PCI group had longer total procedure and fluoroscopy times,but lower operator radiation exposure.The percutaneous coronary intervention procedure time,contrast volume,air kerma,and dose-area product were similar between the two groups.CONCLUSIONS For certain complex lesions,performing percutaneous coronary intervention using the ETcath200 robot-assisted system is safe and effective and does not result in conversion to M-PCI.
文摘肌筋膜疼痛综合征（myofascial pain syndrome,MPS）是临床上的常见病和多发病,国外学者Travell及Simons在《Travell and Simons＇Myof-ascial Pain and Dysfunction–The Trigger Point Manual》一书中对激痛点理论进行了详细描述,代表了MPS的临床诊断和治疗的基础,然而由于很难确定激痛点,临床治疗很难收到满意的疗效。
基金Supported by Meteorological Data Sharing Center Project (2005DKA31700-01,GX07-01-01)2009 Specific Research in Non-profit Sector (200906041-053)
文摘Comparing and analyzing the difference between automatic-observed and manual-observed wind speed based on the wind speed parallel observations in two methods, we find that many elements can influence the difference between automatic-observed and manual-observed wind speed, including the levels of speed wind, observation instruments and different regions. According to these elements, correction has been conducted, and find that the correction according to the level of wind speed has the best correction effect.
