Purpose： This study aimed to examine the extent to which the quality physical education teaching （QPET） practices contributed to improving 4th- and 5th-grade students＇ manipulative skill competency. Methods： Part...Purpose： This study aimed to examine the extent to which the quality physical education teaching （QPET） practices contributed to improving 4th- and 5th-grade students＇ manipulative skill competency. Methods： Participants were 9 elementary physical education （PE） teachers and their 4th- and 5th-grade students （n = 2709 3420）. The students＇ skill competency was assessed with 3 manipulative skills using PE metrics assessment rubrics. The PE teachers＇ levels of QPET were assessed by coding 63 videotaped lessons using the assessing quality teaching rubrics （AQTR）, which consisted of 4 essential dimensions including task design, task presentation, class management, and instructional guidance. Codes were confirmed through inter-rater reliability （82.4%, 84.5%, and 94%）. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, multiple R2 regression models, and independent sample t tests. Results： This study indicated that the 4 essential dimensions of QPET were all significant contributors to students＇ manipulative skill competency. These predictors were significantly higher for boys than for girls in soccer and striking skills, while they were significantly higher for girls than for boys in throwing skill competency. Of the 4 essential dimensions of QPET, task presentation played the most significant role in contributing to all 3 skill competencies for both boys and girls. Further, students who experienced high QPET were significantly more skillfully competent than those students who did not have this experience. Conclusion： It was concluded that the QPET practices played a significantly critical role in contributing to students＇ manipulative skill competency.展开更多
A simple treatment plan for manual therapists is presented based on current evidence-based literature, it is designed to lessen chronic pain and inflammation in the Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). A chronic continuous...A simple treatment plan for manual therapists is presented based on current evidence-based literature, it is designed to lessen chronic pain and inflammation in the Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). A chronic continuous or intermittent gastrointestinal tract dysfunction, IBS appears due to dysregulation of brain-gut-microbe communication. An overview of its management using Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) is described. In IBS OMT focuses on the nervous and circulatory systems, spine, viscera, thoracic and pelvic diaphragms in order to restore homeostatic balance, normalize autonomic activity in the intestine, promote lymphatic flow and address somatic dysfunction. Lymphatic and venous congestion is treated by the Lymphatic Pump Techniques and stimulation of Chapman’s Reflex Points. The food itself, food allergies and intolerance could contribute to symptom onset or even cause IBS. Furthermore the “microbiota” greatly impacts on the bi-directional brain-gut axis communication. This paper also provides appropriate dietary modifications for patients with IBS.展开更多
BACKGROUND A patient with type Ⅲ Kummell’s disease had a ruptured posterior cortex of the fractured vertebral body, which caused spinal cord compression. An open surgery was considered the best choice of operation. ...BACKGROUND A patient with type Ⅲ Kummell’s disease had a ruptured posterior cortex of the fractured vertebral body, which caused spinal cord compression. An open surgery was considered the best choice of operation. However, the patient and her family refused open surgery and instead demanded a minimally invasive surgical treatment such as percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP). After preoperative discussion, we finally adopted the novel therapy of traditional Chinese medicine manipulative reduction(TCMMR) combined with PVP.CASE SUMMARY A patient with type Ⅲ Kummell’s disease exhibiting bone block-induced spinal cord compression was admitted to our hospital. She suffered from a variety of medical disorders but refused open surgery, and instead asked for PVP surgery. TCMMR, in parallel with PVP, was used to restore the height of the compressed vertebral body and reduce the symptoms of spinal cord compression by the bone block in order to strengthen the vertebral body and prevent further collapse. The surgery was very successful. The height of the compressed vertebra was restored, and the symptom of spinal cord compression by bone block was reduced successfully via TCMMR. The fractured vertebra was solidified by the PVP. The pain visual analog score declined from preoperative 7 scores to postoperative 2 scores, and the Frankel spinal cord scale increased from preoperative D degree to postoperative E degree.CONCLUSION The new method has advantages in treating patients with type Ⅲ Kummell’s disease who cannot be treated with open surgery.展开更多
Background：Improving motor skill competency and enhancing health-related physical fitnes are desired learning outcomes for school-aged children.Achieving motor skill competency and a healthy level of physical fitnes ...Background：Improving motor skill competency and enhancing health-related physical fitnes are desired learning outcomes for school-aged children.Achieving motor skill competency and a healthy level of physical fitnes lay a foundation for being a physically active person across a lifetime.The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between levels of manipulative skill competency and physical fitnes for elementary school boys and girls.Methods：In this study,565 fourth-grade students and their 9 physical education teachers were voluntary participants.The students were assessed in 4 basic specialized manipulative skills and 4 fitnes components during regular physical education lessons.Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics,univariate analyses,and multiple R2 liner regression methods.Results：Boys were more proficien at the manipulative skills than girls,while girls had significan higher percentages for meeting the healthy fitnes zone for the fitnes tests than boys.Four manipulative skills significant y predicted progressive aerobic cardiovascular endurance run（PACER）,push-up,and trunk lifts tests at p〈0.05 level,but not curl-up test for both boys and girls.Boys and girls in the skill-competent group significant y outperformed their counterparts in the skill-incompetent group on PACER,push-up,and trunk lifts tests at p〈0.05 level,with an exception of curl-up test.Conclusion：The more competent in manipulative skills,the higher healthy level in cardiovascular endurance,upper-body muscular strength and endurance,and fl xibility the students demonstrated.Demonstrating manipulative skill competence and maintaining a healthy level of physical fitnes are 2 major desired learning outcomes for elementary school students to be able to achieve.展开更多
Research indicates that, despite physiotherapists’ comprehensive training in the basic sciences, manipulative (currently “musculoskeletal”) therapy is still dominated in the clinical setting by its original, now ob...Research indicates that, despite physiotherapists’ comprehensive training in the basic sciences, manipulative (currently “musculoskeletal”) therapy is still dominated in the clinical setting by its original, now obsolete, structure-based “biomedical” model. This is further inexplicable in the light of evidence that not only the underlying “philosophy” but also several of the fundamental requirements of the clinical process itself which has the structural-mechanical model as its basis, have been shown to be flawed or at least irrelevant. The apparent inability of the profession to fully abandon outmoded “concepts” (and embrace the acknowledged science-based “best practice” biopsychosocial model) may have potentially undesirable consequences for both patients and therapists engaged in the management of (chronic) musculoskeletal pain and disability.展开更多
The simple obesity is a common clinical disease and its incidence is increasing year by year.With the increasing pace of work,increasing pressure,and changing eating habits,the incidence of simple obesity tends to be ...The simple obesity is a common clinical disease and its incidence is increasing year by year.With the increasing pace of work,increasing pressure,and changing eating habits,the incidence of simple obesity tends to be younger.Among the treatment protocols for this disease,TCM manipulative(Tuina)therapy has remarkable curative effect and few adverse reactions,and has been well recognized.Modern research has also proposed a variety of treatment protocols with different characteristics and good curative effects.This paper reviews the related literature on simple obesity and its manipulative therapy in the past ten years,and summarizes its disease name,etiology and pathogenesis,manipulation and related therapies,so as to provide new ideas and new angles for the treatment of the simple obesity.展开更多
The experimental research, presented in the study, focuses on track tests with the aim of highlighting changes in lap times after manipulative treatment of drainage of the glymphatic system and stimulation of the symp...The experimental research, presented in the study, focuses on track tests with the aim of highlighting changes in lap times after manipulative treatment of drainage of the glymphatic system and stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system. Introduction: The experimental research, presented in this study, focuses on analyzing the potential effects of a manipulative treatment on the performance of a professional driver. The main objective is to evaluate the change in lap times after the application of the treatment, trying to understand whether it can actually positively influence the driver’s performance. The study stands an important opportunity to extend knowledge, regarding the use of manipulative therapies in the context of optimized driving skills. The results obtained could provide useful insights and contribute to improving the performance of professional drivers by offering new perspectives and strategies to improve their performance. Leveraging a rigorous scientific approach and a sample of highly skilled drivers, the research aims to provide concrete evidence on the effectiveness of manipulative treatment in driving skills. Monitoring lap times before and after the intervention also capture any temporary or long-term effects of the treatment, ensuring a thorough and reliable analysis of the results. Materials and methods: 15 professional drivers, aged 18 to 36 years, with at least 10 years of experience as drivers, participated in this study. The test consisted of analyzing lap times before and after treatment.展开更多
Objective: to study and analyze the specific value of sodium hyaluronate combined with joint manipulative release on analgesia in patients with scapulohumeral periarthritis. Methods: in our hospital from December 2018...Objective: to study and analyze the specific value of sodium hyaluronate combined with joint manipulative release on analgesia in patients with scapulohumeral periarthritis. Methods: in our hospital from December 2018 to December 2019, with the consent of the medical ethics committee of our hospital, 60 patients with scapulohumeral periarthritis were collected and each patient was ranked according to the time of admission. The odd number of 30 patients was in the study group, which was treated with sodium hyaluronate combined with joint manipulative release. And the even number of 30 patients was in the reference group, which was injected subacromial articular cavity with sodium hyaluronate combined with conventional treatment. Study and analyze the pain feeling of patients in the process of treatment. Results: after the intervention, the pain of the study group was lower than that of the reference group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: sodium hyaluronate combined with joint manipulative release has a positive effect on analgesia in patients with scapulohumeral periarthritis, which is worthy of clinical application.展开更多
The derangement of the atlantoaxial joint is one of main cervical sources of dizziness and headache, which were based on the observation on the anatomy of the upper cervical vertebrae, analysis of X-ray film of the at...The derangement of the atlantoaxial joint is one of main cervical sources of dizziness and headache, which were based on the observation on the anatomy of the upper cervical vertebrae, analysis of X-ray film of the atlantoaxial joint, and the manipulative treatment in 35 patients with cervical spondylosis. The clinical diagnosis of derangement consists of: dizziness, headache, prominence and tenderness on one side of the affected vertebra, deviation of the dens for 1 mm-4 mm on the open-mouth X-ray film, abnormal movement of the atlantoaxial joint on head-rotated open-mouth X-ray film. An accurate and delicate adjustment is the most effective treatment.展开更多
The Gadfly written by Irish authoress Ethel Lilian Voynich remains silent with her work in the Western world. However, after its translation and publication in China in the 1950s by LI Liang-min, it becomes a revoluti...The Gadfly written by Irish authoress Ethel Lilian Voynich remains silent with her work in the Western world. However, after its translation and publication in China in the 1950s by LI Liang-min, it becomes a revolutionary canon and enjoys the equal popularity with some Soviet progressive revolutionary fictions which were prevailing in China. The Gadfly has enormous influence and appeal in China. It was an indubitable canon in readers＇ heart at that time. But the translated version that people read is an abridgement, which includes more than 60 deletions. It is indicated from the analysis that the canonization of The Gadfly in China is far from a casual phenomenon. Instead, it is the result of the manipulation of the prevailing ideology and poetics.展开更多
Objective:To elucidate how spinal manipulative therapy(SMT)exerts its analgesic effects through regulating brain function in lumbar disc herniation(LDH)patients by utilizing resting-state functional magnetic resonance...Objective:To elucidate how spinal manipulative therapy(SMT)exerts its analgesic effects through regulating brain function in lumbar disc herniation(LDH)patients by utilizing resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-f MRI).Methods:From September 2021 to September 2023,we enrolled LDH patients(LDH group,n=31)and age-and sex-matched healthy controls(HCs,n=28).LDH group underwent rs-f MRI at 2 distinct time points(TPs):prior to the initiation of SMT(TP1)and subsequent to the completion of the SMT sessions(TP2).SMT was administered once every other day for 30 min per session,totally 14 treatment sessions over a span of 4 weeks.HCs did not receive SMT treatment and underwent only one f MRI scan.Additionally,participants in LDH group completed clinical questionnaires on pain using the Visual Analog Scale(VAS)and the Japanese Orthopedic Association(JOA)score,whereas HCs did not undergo clinical scale assessments.The effects on the brain were jointly characterized using the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations(ALFF)and regional homogeneity(Re Ho).Correlation analyses were conducted between specific brain regions and clinical scales.Results:Following SMT treatment,pain symptoms in LDH patients were notably alleviated and accompanied by evident activation of effects in the brain.In comparison to TP1,TP2 exhibited the most significant increase in ALFF values for Temporal_Sup_R and the most notable decrease in ALFF values for Paracentral_Lobule_L(voxelwise P<0.005;clusters>30;FDR correction).Additionally,the most substantial enhancement in Re Ho values was observed for the Cuneus_R,while the most prominent reduction was noted for the Olfactory_R(voxelwise P<0.005;clusters>30;FDR correction).Moreover,a comparative analysis revealed that,in contrast to HCs,LDH patients at TP1 exhibited the most significant increase in ALFF values for Temporal_Pole_Sup_L and the most notable decrease in ALFF values for Frontal_Mid_L(voxelwise P<0.005;clusters>30;FDR correction).Furthermore,the most significant enhancement in Re Ho values was observed for Postcentral_L,while the most prominent reduction was identified for Para Hippocampal_L(voxelwise P<0.005;clusters>30;FDR correction).Notably,correlation analysis with clinical scales revealed a robust positive correlation between the Cuneus_R score and the rate of change in the VAS score(r=0.9333,P<0.0001).Conclusions:Long-term chronic lower back pain in patients with LDH manifests significant activation of the"AUN-DMN-S1-SAN"neural circuitry.The visual network,represented by the Cuneus_R,is highly likely to be a key brain network in which the analgesic efficacy of SMT becomes effective in treating LDH patients.(Trial registration No.NCT 06277739)展开更多
Objective：To summarize and critically assess the efficacy of Eastern and Western manipulative therapies for the treatment of neck pain in adults. Methods：A search of Pub Med/MEDLINE, the Cochrane Central Register of...Objective：To summarize and critically assess the efficacy of Eastern and Western manipulative therapies for the treatment of neck pain in adults. Methods：A search of Pub Med/MEDLINE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Clinical Trials.gov, EMBASE, etc. from their inception date to January 2014 with Chinese, Japanese, and Korean databases. Two reviewers independently selected randomized controlled trials（RCTs） with negative control or blank control, extracted data and assessed methodological quality. Meta-analysis and levels of evidence were performed by Revman5.1 and Grades of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation（GRADE） approach. Results：Nineteen clinical trials with adequate randomization were included in this review, 11 of them had a low risk of bias. The primary outcome for shortterm pain had no significant differences, however, the secondary outcome, only the Numerical Pain Rating Scale（NPRS） score of intermediate-term [n=916, pooled mean differences（MD） =–0.29, P=0.02], the Neck Disability Index（NDI） score of short-term（n=1,145, pooled MD=–2.10, P〈0.01）, and intermediate-term（n=987, pooled MD=–1.45, P=0.01） were significantly reduced with moderate quality evidence. However, it supported the minimally clinically important difference（MCID） of the Visual Analogue Scale and NPRS pain score to be 13 mm, while NDI was 3.5 points. The meta-analysis only suggested a trend in favor of manipulative therapy rather than clinical significance. Conclusions：The results do not support the existing evidences for the clinical value of Eastern or Western manipulative therapy for neck pain of short-term follow-up according to MCIDs. The limitations of our review related to blinding, allocation concealment and small sample size.展开更多
Single-cell biomechanics and electrophysiology measuring tools have transformed biological research over the last few decades,which enabling a comprehensive and nuanced understanding of cellular behavior and function....Single-cell biomechanics and electrophysiology measuring tools have transformed biological research over the last few decades,which enabling a comprehensive and nuanced understanding of cellular behavior and function.Despite their high-quality information content,these single-cell measuring techniques suffer from laborious manual processing by highly skilled workers and extremely low throughput(tens of cells per day).Recently,numerous researchers have automated the measurement of cell mechanical and electrical signals through robotic localization and control processes.While these efforts have demonstrated promising progress,critical challenges persist,including human dependency,learning complexity,in-situ measurement,and multidimensional signal acquisition.To identify key limitations and highlight emerging opportunities for innovation,in this review,we comprehensively summarize the key steps of robotic technologies in single-cell biomechanics and electrophysiology.We also discussed the prospects and challenges of robotics and automation in biological research.By bridging gaps between engineering,biology,and data science,this work aims to stimulate interdisciplinary research and accelerate the translation of robotic single-cell technologies into practical applications in the life sciences and medical fields.展开更多
Vortex-induced vibration(VIV)of an underwater manipulator in pulsating flow presents a notable engineering problem in precise control due to the velocity variation in the flow.This study investigates the VIV response ...Vortex-induced vibration(VIV)of an underwater manipulator in pulsating flow presents a notable engineering problem in precise control due to the velocity variation in the flow.This study investigates the VIV response of an underwater manipulator subjected to pulsating flow,focusing on how different postures affect the behavior of the system.The effects of pulsating parameters and manipulator arrangement on the hydrodynamic coefficient,vibration response,motion trajectory,and vortex shedding behaviors were analyzed.Results indicated that the cross flow vibration displacement in pulsating flow increased by 32.14%compared to uniform flow,inducing a shift in the motion trajectory from a crescent shape to a sideward vase shape.In the absence of interference between the upper and lower arms,the lift coefficient of the manipulator substantially increased with rising pulsating frequency,reaching a maximum increment of 67.0%.This increase in the lift coefficient led to a 67.05%rise in the vibration frequency of the manipulator in the in-line direction.As the pulsating amplitude increased,the drag coefficient of the underwater manipulator rose by 36.79%,but the vibration frequency in the cross-flow direction decreased by 56.26%.Additionally,when the upper and lower arms remained in a state of mutual interference,the cross-flow vibration amplitudes of the upper and lower arms were approximately 1.84 and 4.82 times higher in a circular-elliptical arrangement compared to an elliptical-circular arrangement,respectively.Consequently,the flow field shifted from a P+S pattern to a disordered pattern,disrupting the regularity of the motion trajectory.展开更多
Soft robotic manipulators represent a rapidly evolving field characterized by inherent compliance,adaptability,and safe interactions within unstructured environments.Over the past decade(2015-2025),significant advance...Soft robotic manipulators represent a rapidly evolving field characterized by inherent compliance,adaptability,and safe interactions within unstructured environments.Over the past decade(2015-2025),significant advancements have trans-formed their capabilities through novel designs inspired by biological systems,advanced modeling frameworks,sophisti-cated control strategies,and integration into diverse real-world applications.Recent innovations in multifunctional mate-rials and emerging actuation technologies have markedly expanded manipulator performance,reliability,and dexterity.Concurrently,developments in modeling have progressed from simplified geometric methods toward highly accurate physics-based and hybrid data-driven approaches,substantially improving real-time prediction and controllability.Coupled with these developments,adaptive and robust control strategies-including learning-based techniques-have enabled unprec-edented autonomy and precision in challenging application domains such as Minimally Invasive Surgery(MIS),precision agriculture,deep-sea exploration,disaster recovery,and space missions.Despite these remarkable strides,key challenges remain,notably regarding scalability,long-term material durability,robust integrated sensing,and standardized evaluation procedures.This review comprehensively synthesizes recent advances,critically evaluates state-of-the-art methodologies,and systematically identifies existing gaps to provide a clear roadmap and targeted research directions,guiding future developments toward the broader adoption and optimal utilization of soft robotic manipulators.展开更多
The safe driving and operation of trains is a necessary condition for ensuring the safe operation of trains.In particular,heavy-haul trains are characterized by the difficulty in driving and operation.Considering the ...The safe driving and operation of trains is a necessary condition for ensuring the safe operation of trains.In particular,heavy-haul trains are characterized by the difficulty in driving and operation.Considering the uncertainties in train driving and operation,this paper analyzes the relationship between the safety of heavy-haul electric locomotive hauled trains and driving and operation.It studies the auxiliary intelligent driving safety operation control methods.Through K-means to identify the characteristics of drivers'driving manipulation,the hidden Markov model adaptively adjusts the train driving and operation sequence,and conducts auxiliary driving reconstruction for heavy-haul locomotive driving and operation.Based on the train running curve and the locomotive traction/braking characteristics,it smoothly controls the exertion of the traction/braking force of heavy-haul locomotives,thereby optimizing the driving safety control of heavy-haul trains in the vehicle-environment-track system.Finally,the train operation simulation and optimized driving verification are carried out by simulating some track sections.The results show that the proposed method can correct and pre-optimize driving operations,improving the smoothness of heavy-haul trains by approximately 10%.It verifies the effectiveness of the proposed train assisted driving control reconstruction method,facilitating the smooth and safe operation of heavy-haul trains.展开更多
Octopuses,due to their flexible arms,marvelous adaptability,and powerful suckers,are able to effortlessly grasp and disengage various objects in the marine surrounding without causing devastation.However,manipulating ...Octopuses,due to their flexible arms,marvelous adaptability,and powerful suckers,are able to effortlessly grasp and disengage various objects in the marine surrounding without causing devastation.However,manipulating delicate objects such as soft and fragile foods underwater require gentle contact and stable adhesion,which poses a serious challenge to now available soft grippers.Inspired by the sucker infundibulum structure and flexible tentacles of octopus,herein we developed a hydraulically actuated hydrogel soft gripper with adaptive maneuverability by coupling multiple hydrogen bond-mediated supramolecular hydrogels and vat polymerization three-dimensional printing,in which hydrogel bionic sucker is composed of a tunable curvature membrane,a negative pressure cavity,and a pneumatic chamber.The design of the sucker structure with the alterable curvature membrane is conducive to realize the reliable and gentle switchable adhesion of the hydrogel soft gripper.As a proof-of-concept,the adaptive hydrogel soft gripper is capable of implement diversified underwater tasks,including gingerly grasping fragile foods like egg yolks and tofu,as well as underwater robots and vehicles that station-keeping and crawling based on switchable adhesion.This study therefore provides a transformative strategy for the design of novel soft grippers that will render promising utilities for underwater exploration soft robotics.展开更多
Trajectory tracking for nonlinear robotic systems remains a fundamental yet challenging problem in control engineering,particularly when both precision and efficiency must be ensured.Conventional control methods are o...Trajectory tracking for nonlinear robotic systems remains a fundamental yet challenging problem in control engineering,particularly when both precision and efficiency must be ensured.Conventional control methods are often effective for stabilization but may not directly optimize long-term performance.To address this limitation,this study develops an integrated framework that combines optimal control principles with reinforcement learning for a single-link robotic manipulator.The proposed scheme adopts an actor–critic structure,where the critic network approximates the value function associated with the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation,and the actor network generates near-optimal control signals in real time.This dual adaptation enables the controller to refine its policy online without explicit system knowledge.Stability of the closed-loop system is analyzed through Lyapunov theory,ensuring boundedness of the tracking error.Numerical simulations on the single-link manipulator demonstrate that themethod achieves accurate trajectory followingwhile maintaining lowcontrol effort.The results further showthat the actor–critic learning mechanism accelerates convergence of the control policy compared with conventional optimization-based strategies.This work highlights the potential of reinforcement learning integrated with optimal control for robotic manipulators and provides a foundation for future extensions to more complex multi-degree-of-freedom systems.The proposed controller is further validated in a physics-based virtual Gazebo environment,demonstrating stable adaptation and real-time feasibility.展开更多
Military image encryption plays a vital role in ensuring the secure transmission of sensitive visual information from unauthorized access.This paper proposes a new Tri-independent keying method for encrypting military...Military image encryption plays a vital role in ensuring the secure transmission of sensitive visual information from unauthorized access.This paper proposes a new Tri-independent keying method for encrypting military images.The proposed encryption method is based on multilevel security stages of pixel-level scrambling,bitlevel manipulation,and block-level shuffling operations.For having a vast key space,the input password is hashed by the Secure Hash Algorithm 256-bit(SHA-256)for generating independently deterministic keys used in the multilevel stages.A piecewise pixel-level scrambling function is introduced to perform a dual flipping process controlled with an adaptive key for obscuring the spatial relationships between the adjacent pixels.Adynamicmasking scheme is presented for conducting a bit-level manipulation based on distinct keys that change over image regions,providing completely different encryption results on identical regions.To handle the global correlation between large-scale patterns,a chaotic index-map system is employed for shuffling image regions randomly across the image domain based on a logistic map seeded with a private key.Experimental results on a dataset of military images show the effectiveness of the proposed encryption method in producing excellent quantitative and qualitative results.The proposed method obtains uniform histogram distributions,high entropy values around the ideal(≈8 bits),Number of Pixel Change Rate(NPCR)values above 99.5%,and low Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio(PSNR)over all encrypted images.This validates the robustness of the proposed method against cryptanalytic attacks,verifying its ability to serve as a practical basis for secure image transmission in defense systems.展开更多
Halide perovskite materials have received considerable attention for solar cells,LEDs,lasers etc.owing to their controllable physicochemical properties and structural advantages.However,little research has focused on ...Halide perovskite materials have received considerable attention for solar cells,LEDs,lasers etc.owing to their controllable physicochemical properties and structural advantages.However,little research has focused on energy storage and conversion applications,such as use as anodes in lithium-ion batteries.In this paper,all-inorganic lead-free halide perovskite Cs_(3)Bi_(2)Cl_(9)powders were synthesized by the grinding method,and the lattice was successfully adjusted via introducing Mn^(2+).The characterization results show that Mn-ion substitution can cause local lattice distortion to restructure the lattice,which will cause a mixed arrangement of[BiCl_(6)]octahedra to improve the performance of the anode material.This new material can provide a feasible solution for solving the problem of low specific capacity anode materials caused by unstable crystal structures,and also indicates that such perovskites with unique crystal structures and lattice tunability have broad application prospects in lithium-ion batteries.展开更多
文摘Purpose： This study aimed to examine the extent to which the quality physical education teaching （QPET） practices contributed to improving 4th- and 5th-grade students＇ manipulative skill competency. Methods： Participants were 9 elementary physical education （PE） teachers and their 4th- and 5th-grade students （n = 2709 3420）. The students＇ skill competency was assessed with 3 manipulative skills using PE metrics assessment rubrics. The PE teachers＇ levels of QPET were assessed by coding 63 videotaped lessons using the assessing quality teaching rubrics （AQTR）, which consisted of 4 essential dimensions including task design, task presentation, class management, and instructional guidance. Codes were confirmed through inter-rater reliability （82.4%, 84.5%, and 94%）. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, multiple R2 regression models, and independent sample t tests. Results： This study indicated that the 4 essential dimensions of QPET were all significant contributors to students＇ manipulative skill competency. These predictors were significantly higher for boys than for girls in soccer and striking skills, while they were significantly higher for girls than for boys in throwing skill competency. Of the 4 essential dimensions of QPET, task presentation played the most significant role in contributing to all 3 skill competencies for both boys and girls. Further, students who experienced high QPET were significantly more skillfully competent than those students who did not have this experience. Conclusion： It was concluded that the QPET practices played a significantly critical role in contributing to students＇ manipulative skill competency.
文摘A simple treatment plan for manual therapists is presented based on current evidence-based literature, it is designed to lessen chronic pain and inflammation in the Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). A chronic continuous or intermittent gastrointestinal tract dysfunction, IBS appears due to dysregulation of brain-gut-microbe communication. An overview of its management using Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) is described. In IBS OMT focuses on the nervous and circulatory systems, spine, viscera, thoracic and pelvic diaphragms in order to restore homeostatic balance, normalize autonomic activity in the intestine, promote lymphatic flow and address somatic dysfunction. Lymphatic and venous congestion is treated by the Lymphatic Pump Techniques and stimulation of Chapman’s Reflex Points. The food itself, food allergies and intolerance could contribute to symptom onset or even cause IBS. Furthermore the “microbiota” greatly impacts on the bi-directional brain-gut axis communication. This paper also provides appropriate dietary modifications for patients with IBS.
文摘BACKGROUND A patient with type Ⅲ Kummell’s disease had a ruptured posterior cortex of the fractured vertebral body, which caused spinal cord compression. An open surgery was considered the best choice of operation. However, the patient and her family refused open surgery and instead demanded a minimally invasive surgical treatment such as percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP). After preoperative discussion, we finally adopted the novel therapy of traditional Chinese medicine manipulative reduction(TCMMR) combined with PVP.CASE SUMMARY A patient with type Ⅲ Kummell’s disease exhibiting bone block-induced spinal cord compression was admitted to our hospital. She suffered from a variety of medical disorders but refused open surgery, and instead asked for PVP surgery. TCMMR, in parallel with PVP, was used to restore the height of the compressed vertebral body and reduce the symptoms of spinal cord compression by the bone block in order to strengthen the vertebral body and prevent further collapse. The surgery was very successful. The height of the compressed vertebra was restored, and the symptom of spinal cord compression by bone block was reduced successfully via TCMMR. The fractured vertebra was solidified by the PVP. The pain visual analog score declined from preoperative 7 scores to postoperative 2 scores, and the Frankel spinal cord scale increased from preoperative D degree to postoperative E degree.CONCLUSION The new method has advantages in treating patients with type Ⅲ Kummell’s disease who cannot be treated with open surgery.
基金funded by U.S.Department of Education,Carol White Physical Education Program grant(CFDA 84.215F)
文摘Background：Improving motor skill competency and enhancing health-related physical fitnes are desired learning outcomes for school-aged children.Achieving motor skill competency and a healthy level of physical fitnes lay a foundation for being a physically active person across a lifetime.The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between levels of manipulative skill competency and physical fitnes for elementary school boys and girls.Methods：In this study,565 fourth-grade students and their 9 physical education teachers were voluntary participants.The students were assessed in 4 basic specialized manipulative skills and 4 fitnes components during regular physical education lessons.Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics,univariate analyses,and multiple R2 liner regression methods.Results：Boys were more proficien at the manipulative skills than girls,while girls had significan higher percentages for meeting the healthy fitnes zone for the fitnes tests than boys.Four manipulative skills significant y predicted progressive aerobic cardiovascular endurance run（PACER）,push-up,and trunk lifts tests at p〈0.05 level,but not curl-up test for both boys and girls.Boys and girls in the skill-competent group significant y outperformed their counterparts in the skill-incompetent group on PACER,push-up,and trunk lifts tests at p〈0.05 level,with an exception of curl-up test.Conclusion：The more competent in manipulative skills,the higher healthy level in cardiovascular endurance,upper-body muscular strength and endurance,and fl xibility the students demonstrated.Demonstrating manipulative skill competence and maintaining a healthy level of physical fitnes are 2 major desired learning outcomes for elementary school students to be able to achieve.
文摘Research indicates that, despite physiotherapists’ comprehensive training in the basic sciences, manipulative (currently “musculoskeletal”) therapy is still dominated in the clinical setting by its original, now obsolete, structure-based “biomedical” model. This is further inexplicable in the light of evidence that not only the underlying “philosophy” but also several of the fundamental requirements of the clinical process itself which has the structural-mechanical model as its basis, have been shown to be flawed or at least irrelevant. The apparent inability of the profession to fully abandon outmoded “concepts” (and embrace the acknowledged science-based “best practice” biopsychosocial model) may have potentially undesirable consequences for both patients and therapists engaged in the management of (chronic) musculoskeletal pain and disability.
基金Supported by Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (82174525)National Training Program for College Students’Innovation and Entrepreneurship (202110199019)Jilin Provincial Training Program for College Students’Innovation and Entrepreneurship (S202110199117X)
文摘The simple obesity is a common clinical disease and its incidence is increasing year by year.With the increasing pace of work,increasing pressure,and changing eating habits,the incidence of simple obesity tends to be younger.Among the treatment protocols for this disease,TCM manipulative(Tuina)therapy has remarkable curative effect and few adverse reactions,and has been well recognized.Modern research has also proposed a variety of treatment protocols with different characteristics and good curative effects.This paper reviews the related literature on simple obesity and its manipulative therapy in the past ten years,and summarizes its disease name,etiology and pathogenesis,manipulation and related therapies,so as to provide new ideas and new angles for the treatment of the simple obesity.
文摘The experimental research, presented in the study, focuses on track tests with the aim of highlighting changes in lap times after manipulative treatment of drainage of the glymphatic system and stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system. Introduction: The experimental research, presented in this study, focuses on analyzing the potential effects of a manipulative treatment on the performance of a professional driver. The main objective is to evaluate the change in lap times after the application of the treatment, trying to understand whether it can actually positively influence the driver’s performance. The study stands an important opportunity to extend knowledge, regarding the use of manipulative therapies in the context of optimized driving skills. The results obtained could provide useful insights and contribute to improving the performance of professional drivers by offering new perspectives and strategies to improve their performance. Leveraging a rigorous scientific approach and a sample of highly skilled drivers, the research aims to provide concrete evidence on the effectiveness of manipulative treatment in driving skills. Monitoring lap times before and after the intervention also capture any temporary or long-term effects of the treatment, ensuring a thorough and reliable analysis of the results. Materials and methods: 15 professional drivers, aged 18 to 36 years, with at least 10 years of experience as drivers, participated in this study. The test consisted of analyzing lap times before and after treatment.
文摘Objective: to study and analyze the specific value of sodium hyaluronate combined with joint manipulative release on analgesia in patients with scapulohumeral periarthritis. Methods: in our hospital from December 2018 to December 2019, with the consent of the medical ethics committee of our hospital, 60 patients with scapulohumeral periarthritis were collected and each patient was ranked according to the time of admission. The odd number of 30 patients was in the study group, which was treated with sodium hyaluronate combined with joint manipulative release. And the even number of 30 patients was in the reference group, which was injected subacromial articular cavity with sodium hyaluronate combined with conventional treatment. Study and analyze the pain feeling of patients in the process of treatment. Results: after the intervention, the pain of the study group was lower than that of the reference group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: sodium hyaluronate combined with joint manipulative release has a positive effect on analgesia in patients with scapulohumeral periarthritis, which is worthy of clinical application.
文摘The derangement of the atlantoaxial joint is one of main cervical sources of dizziness and headache, which were based on the observation on the anatomy of the upper cervical vertebrae, analysis of X-ray film of the atlantoaxial joint, and the manipulative treatment in 35 patients with cervical spondylosis. The clinical diagnosis of derangement consists of: dizziness, headache, prominence and tenderness on one side of the affected vertebra, deviation of the dens for 1 mm-4 mm on the open-mouth X-ray film, abnormal movement of the atlantoaxial joint on head-rotated open-mouth X-ray film. An accurate and delicate adjustment is the most effective treatment.
文摘The Gadfly written by Irish authoress Ethel Lilian Voynich remains silent with her work in the Western world. However, after its translation and publication in China in the 1950s by LI Liang-min, it becomes a revolutionary canon and enjoys the equal popularity with some Soviet progressive revolutionary fictions which were prevailing in China. The Gadfly has enormous influence and appeal in China. It was an indubitable canon in readers＇ heart at that time. But the translated version that people read is an abridgement, which includes more than 60 deletions. It is indicated from the analysis that the canonization of The Gadfly in China is far from a casual phenomenon. Instead, it is the result of the manipulation of the prevailing ideology and poetics.
基金Supported by the General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82274672)the"Pioneer"and"Leading Goose"R&D Program of Zhejiang Province(No.2022C03123)the Scientific Research Project of the Zhejiang Provincial Department of Education(No.Y202351266)。
文摘Objective:To elucidate how spinal manipulative therapy(SMT)exerts its analgesic effects through regulating brain function in lumbar disc herniation(LDH)patients by utilizing resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-f MRI).Methods:From September 2021 to September 2023,we enrolled LDH patients(LDH group,n=31)and age-and sex-matched healthy controls(HCs,n=28).LDH group underwent rs-f MRI at 2 distinct time points(TPs):prior to the initiation of SMT(TP1)and subsequent to the completion of the SMT sessions(TP2).SMT was administered once every other day for 30 min per session,totally 14 treatment sessions over a span of 4 weeks.HCs did not receive SMT treatment and underwent only one f MRI scan.Additionally,participants in LDH group completed clinical questionnaires on pain using the Visual Analog Scale(VAS)and the Japanese Orthopedic Association(JOA)score,whereas HCs did not undergo clinical scale assessments.The effects on the brain were jointly characterized using the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations(ALFF)and regional homogeneity(Re Ho).Correlation analyses were conducted between specific brain regions and clinical scales.Results:Following SMT treatment,pain symptoms in LDH patients were notably alleviated and accompanied by evident activation of effects in the brain.In comparison to TP1,TP2 exhibited the most significant increase in ALFF values for Temporal_Sup_R and the most notable decrease in ALFF values for Paracentral_Lobule_L(voxelwise P<0.005;clusters>30;FDR correction).Additionally,the most substantial enhancement in Re Ho values was observed for the Cuneus_R,while the most prominent reduction was noted for the Olfactory_R(voxelwise P<0.005;clusters>30;FDR correction).Moreover,a comparative analysis revealed that,in contrast to HCs,LDH patients at TP1 exhibited the most significant increase in ALFF values for Temporal_Pole_Sup_L and the most notable decrease in ALFF values for Frontal_Mid_L(voxelwise P<0.005;clusters>30;FDR correction).Furthermore,the most significant enhancement in Re Ho values was observed for Postcentral_L,while the most prominent reduction was identified for Para Hippocampal_L(voxelwise P<0.005;clusters>30;FDR correction).Notably,correlation analysis with clinical scales revealed a robust positive correlation between the Cuneus_R score and the rate of change in the VAS score(r=0.9333,P<0.0001).Conclusions:Long-term chronic lower back pain in patients with LDH manifests significant activation of the"AUN-DMN-S1-SAN"neural circuitry.The visual network,represented by the Cuneus_R,is highly likely to be a key brain network in which the analgesic efficacy of SMT becomes effective in treating LDH patients.(Trial registration No.NCT 06277739)
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81373666)Municipal Hospitals Cutting-Edge Technologies Emerging Joint Project(No.SHDC12013113)+3 种基金Municipal Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Chinese Medicine Key Project(No.14401970400)National Research Projects of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.201407001-2)Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Foundation(No.2012L032A)Special Project of Scientific Research Base by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.JDZX2012118),China
文摘Objective：To summarize and critically assess the efficacy of Eastern and Western manipulative therapies for the treatment of neck pain in adults. Methods：A search of Pub Med/MEDLINE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Clinical Trials.gov, EMBASE, etc. from their inception date to January 2014 with Chinese, Japanese, and Korean databases. Two reviewers independently selected randomized controlled trials（RCTs） with negative control or blank control, extracted data and assessed methodological quality. Meta-analysis and levels of evidence were performed by Revman5.1 and Grades of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation（GRADE） approach. Results：Nineteen clinical trials with adequate randomization were included in this review, 11 of them had a low risk of bias. The primary outcome for shortterm pain had no significant differences, however, the secondary outcome, only the Numerical Pain Rating Scale（NPRS） score of intermediate-term [n=916, pooled mean differences（MD） =–0.29, P=0.02], the Neck Disability Index（NDI） score of short-term（n=1,145, pooled MD=–2.10, P〈0.01）, and intermediate-term（n=987, pooled MD=–1.45, P=0.01） were significantly reduced with moderate quality evidence. However, it supported the minimally clinically important difference（MCID） of the Visual Analogue Scale and NPRS pain score to be 13 mm, while NDI was 3.5 points. The meta-analysis only suggested a trend in favor of manipulative therapy rather than clinical significance. Conclusions：The results do not support the existing evidences for the clinical value of Eastern or Western manipulative therapy for neck pain of short-term follow-up according to MCIDs. The limitations of our review related to blinding, allocation concealment and small sample size.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China[62525301,62127811,62433019]the New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZEthe financial support by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation[GZB20240797].
文摘Single-cell biomechanics and electrophysiology measuring tools have transformed biological research over the last few decades,which enabling a comprehensive and nuanced understanding of cellular behavior and function.Despite their high-quality information content,these single-cell measuring techniques suffer from laborious manual processing by highly skilled workers and extremely low throughput(tens of cells per day).Recently,numerous researchers have automated the measurement of cell mechanical and electrical signals through robotic localization and control processes.While these efforts have demonstrated promising progress,critical challenges persist,including human dependency,learning complexity,in-situ measurement,and multidimensional signal acquisition.To identify key limitations and highlight emerging opportunities for innovation,in this review,we comprehensively summarize the key steps of robotic technologies in single-cell biomechanics and electrophysiology.We also discussed the prospects and challenges of robotics and automation in biological research.By bridging gaps between engineering,biology,and data science,this work aims to stimulate interdisciplinary research and accelerate the translation of robotic single-cell technologies into practical applications in the life sciences and medical fields.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51905211)A Project of the“20 Regulations for New Universities”Funding Program of Jinan(No.202228116).
文摘Vortex-induced vibration(VIV)of an underwater manipulator in pulsating flow presents a notable engineering problem in precise control due to the velocity variation in the flow.This study investigates the VIV response of an underwater manipulator subjected to pulsating flow,focusing on how different postures affect the behavior of the system.The effects of pulsating parameters and manipulator arrangement on the hydrodynamic coefficient,vibration response,motion trajectory,and vortex shedding behaviors were analyzed.Results indicated that the cross flow vibration displacement in pulsating flow increased by 32.14%compared to uniform flow,inducing a shift in the motion trajectory from a crescent shape to a sideward vase shape.In the absence of interference between the upper and lower arms,the lift coefficient of the manipulator substantially increased with rising pulsating frequency,reaching a maximum increment of 67.0%.This increase in the lift coefficient led to a 67.05%rise in the vibration frequency of the manipulator in the in-line direction.As the pulsating amplitude increased,the drag coefficient of the underwater manipulator rose by 36.79%,but the vibration frequency in the cross-flow direction decreased by 56.26%.Additionally,when the upper and lower arms remained in a state of mutual interference,the cross-flow vibration amplitudes of the upper and lower arms were approximately 1.84 and 4.82 times higher in a circular-elliptical arrangement compared to an elliptical-circular arrangement,respectively.Consequently,the flow field shifted from a P+S pattern to a disordered pattern,disrupting the regularity of the motion trajectory.
基金Open access funding provided by The Science,Technology&Innovation Funding Authority(STDF)in cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank(EKB).
文摘Soft robotic manipulators represent a rapidly evolving field characterized by inherent compliance,adaptability,and safe interactions within unstructured environments.Over the past decade(2015-2025),significant advancements have trans-formed their capabilities through novel designs inspired by biological systems,advanced modeling frameworks,sophisti-cated control strategies,and integration into diverse real-world applications.Recent innovations in multifunctional mate-rials and emerging actuation technologies have markedly expanded manipulator performance,reliability,and dexterity.Concurrently,developments in modeling have progressed from simplified geometric methods toward highly accurate physics-based and hybrid data-driven approaches,substantially improving real-time prediction and controllability.Coupled with these developments,adaptive and robust control strategies-including learning-based techniques-have enabled unprec-edented autonomy and precision in challenging application domains such as Minimally Invasive Surgery(MIS),precision agriculture,deep-sea exploration,disaster recovery,and space missions.Despite these remarkable strides,key challenges remain,notably regarding scalability,long-term material durability,robust integrated sensing,and standardized evaluation procedures.This review comprehensively synthesizes recent advances,critically evaluates state-of-the-art methodologies,and systematically identifies existing gaps to provide a clear roadmap and targeted research directions,guiding future developments toward the broader adoption and optimal utilization of soft robotic manipulators.
基金Project(U2034211)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(20232ACE01013)supported by the Major Scientific and Technological Research and Development Special Project of Jiangxi Province,China。
文摘The safe driving and operation of trains is a necessary condition for ensuring the safe operation of trains.In particular,heavy-haul trains are characterized by the difficulty in driving and operation.Considering the uncertainties in train driving and operation,this paper analyzes the relationship between the safety of heavy-haul electric locomotive hauled trains and driving and operation.It studies the auxiliary intelligent driving safety operation control methods.Through K-means to identify the characteristics of drivers'driving manipulation,the hidden Markov model adaptively adjusts the train driving and operation sequence,and conducts auxiliary driving reconstruction for heavy-haul locomotive driving and operation.Based on the train running curve and the locomotive traction/braking characteristics,it smoothly controls the exertion of the traction/braking force of heavy-haul locomotives,thereby optimizing the driving safety control of heavy-haul trains in the vehicle-environment-track system.Finally,the train operation simulation and optimized driving verification are carried out by simulating some track sections.The results show that the proposed method can correct and pre-optimize driving operations,improving the smoothness of heavy-haul trains by approximately 10%.It verifies the effectiveness of the proposed train assisted driving control reconstruction method,facilitating the smooth and safe operation of heavy-haul trains.
基金the financial support from the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB0470303)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFB4600101)+5 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52175201)the Research Program of Science and Technology Department of Gansu Province (24JRRA059, 24JRRA044, and 24YFFA014)the Science Fund of Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing at Yantai (AMGM2024F12)the Major Program (ZYFZFX-2) of the Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, CASthe Special Research Assistant Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciencesthe Oasis Scholar of Shihezi University
文摘Octopuses,due to their flexible arms,marvelous adaptability,and powerful suckers,are able to effortlessly grasp and disengage various objects in the marine surrounding without causing devastation.However,manipulating delicate objects such as soft and fragile foods underwater require gentle contact and stable adhesion,which poses a serious challenge to now available soft grippers.Inspired by the sucker infundibulum structure and flexible tentacles of octopus,herein we developed a hydraulically actuated hydrogel soft gripper with adaptive maneuverability by coupling multiple hydrogen bond-mediated supramolecular hydrogels and vat polymerization three-dimensional printing,in which hydrogel bionic sucker is composed of a tunable curvature membrane,a negative pressure cavity,and a pneumatic chamber.The design of the sucker structure with the alterable curvature membrane is conducive to realize the reliable and gentle switchable adhesion of the hydrogel soft gripper.As a proof-of-concept,the adaptive hydrogel soft gripper is capable of implement diversified underwater tasks,including gingerly grasping fragile foods like egg yolks and tofu,as well as underwater robots and vehicles that station-keeping and crawling based on switchable adhesion.This study therefore provides a transformative strategy for the design of novel soft grippers that will render promising utilities for underwater exploration soft robotics.
基金supported in part by the National Science and Technology Council under Grant NSTC 114-2221-E-027-104.
文摘Trajectory tracking for nonlinear robotic systems remains a fundamental yet challenging problem in control engineering,particularly when both precision and efficiency must be ensured.Conventional control methods are often effective for stabilization but may not directly optimize long-term performance.To address this limitation,this study develops an integrated framework that combines optimal control principles with reinforcement learning for a single-link robotic manipulator.The proposed scheme adopts an actor–critic structure,where the critic network approximates the value function associated with the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation,and the actor network generates near-optimal control signals in real time.This dual adaptation enables the controller to refine its policy online without explicit system knowledge.Stability of the closed-loop system is analyzed through Lyapunov theory,ensuring boundedness of the tracking error.Numerical simulations on the single-link manipulator demonstrate that themethod achieves accurate trajectory followingwhile maintaining lowcontrol effort.The results further showthat the actor–critic learning mechanism accelerates convergence of the control policy compared with conventional optimization-based strategies.This work highlights the potential of reinforcement learning integrated with optimal control for robotic manipulators and provides a foundation for future extensions to more complex multi-degree-of-freedom systems.The proposed controller is further validated in a physics-based virtual Gazebo environment,demonstrating stable adaptation and real-time feasibility.
文摘Military image encryption plays a vital role in ensuring the secure transmission of sensitive visual information from unauthorized access.This paper proposes a new Tri-independent keying method for encrypting military images.The proposed encryption method is based on multilevel security stages of pixel-level scrambling,bitlevel manipulation,and block-level shuffling operations.For having a vast key space,the input password is hashed by the Secure Hash Algorithm 256-bit(SHA-256)for generating independently deterministic keys used in the multilevel stages.A piecewise pixel-level scrambling function is introduced to perform a dual flipping process controlled with an adaptive key for obscuring the spatial relationships between the adjacent pixels.Adynamicmasking scheme is presented for conducting a bit-level manipulation based on distinct keys that change over image regions,providing completely different encryption results on identical regions.To handle the global correlation between large-scale patterns,a chaotic index-map system is employed for shuffling image regions randomly across the image domain based on a logistic map seeded with a private key.Experimental results on a dataset of military images show the effectiveness of the proposed encryption method in producing excellent quantitative and qualitative results.The proposed method obtains uniform histogram distributions,high entropy values around the ideal(≈8 bits),Number of Pixel Change Rate(NPCR)values above 99.5%,and low Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio(PSNR)over all encrypted images.This validates the robustness of the proposed method against cryptanalytic attacks,verifying its ability to serve as a practical basis for secure image transmission in defense systems.
基金supported by the Foundation of Yunnan Province(Nos.202301AU070021,202201BE070001-027)the Test Foundation of KUST(No.2022T20210208).
文摘Halide perovskite materials have received considerable attention for solar cells,LEDs,lasers etc.owing to their controllable physicochemical properties and structural advantages.However,little research has focused on energy storage and conversion applications,such as use as anodes in lithium-ion batteries.In this paper,all-inorganic lead-free halide perovskite Cs_(3)Bi_(2)Cl_(9)powders were synthesized by the grinding method,and the lattice was successfully adjusted via introducing Mn^(2+).The characterization results show that Mn-ion substitution can cause local lattice distortion to restructure the lattice,which will cause a mixed arrangement of[BiCl_(6)]octahedra to improve the performance of the anode material.This new material can provide a feasible solution for solving the problem of low specific capacity anode materials caused by unstable crystal structures,and also indicates that such perovskites with unique crystal structures and lattice tunability have broad application prospects in lithium-ion batteries.
