With introduction of three heavy manipulations therapy at Dazhui （大椎 GV 14） for unclear enunciation case of acute cerebral infarction, acute attack case of chronic asthmatic bronchitis, amyotrophic lateral scleros...With introduction of three heavy manipulations therapy at Dazhui （大椎 GV 14） for unclear enunciation case of acute cerebral infarction, acute attack case of chronic asthmatic bronchitis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis case of motor neuron disease, ankylosing spondylitis case and chronic fatigue syndrome case, it is confirmed thatDazhui （大椎 GV 14） combined with three heavy manipulations therapy of blood-letting acupuncture, cupping and moxibust-ion has efficacy for external and endogenous wind, promoting and tonifying yang- qi, strengthening the body timely, removing wind and dampness, and relieving the pain and spasm in the clinical practice.展开更多
Plant regeneration is the first step to cotton biotechnology.We screened over 100 genotypes and found two genotypes,YZ-1 and Y668,which are very easy to regenerate.It takes about 5 to 6
Redacted by Specialty Committee of Heat-sensitive Moxibustion of WFCMS,Standardized Manipulations of Heat-sensitive Moxibustion(HSM).Therapy states the scope,normative references,terms and definitions,preoperative pre...Redacted by Specialty Committee of Heat-sensitive Moxibustion of WFCMS,Standardized Manipulations of Heat-sensitive Moxibustion(HSM).Therapy states the scope,normative references,terms and definitions,preoperative preparations,operation methods and procedure,indications and notice of HSM Therapy.展开更多
Transmission line manipulations in a power system are necessary for the execution of preventative or corrective main- tenance in a network, thus ensuring the stability of the system. In this study, primal-dual interio...Transmission line manipulations in a power system are necessary for the execution of preventative or corrective main- tenance in a network, thus ensuring the stability of the system. In this study, primal-dual interior-point methods are used to minimize costs and losses in the generation and transmission of the predispatch active power flow in a hydroelectric system with previously scheduled line manipulations for preventative maintenance, over a period of twenty-four hours. The matrix structure of this problem and the modification that it imposes on the system is also broached in this study. From the computational standpoint, the effort required to solve a problem with or without line manipulations is similar, and the reasons for this are also discussed in this study. Computational results sustain our findings.展开更多
The degree and characteristics of physical degradation of macro-DNA molecules by common laboratory manipulations are reported. With linearized lambda-phage viral DNA as the model DNA, fragmentation of macro-DNA by var...The degree and characteristics of physical degradation of macro-DNA molecules by common laboratory manipulations are reported. With linearized lambda-phage viral DNA as the model DNA, fragmentation of macro-DNA by various indispensable laboratory manipulations were investigated using a high sensitivity flow cytometric setup. Investigated manipulations included pipetting, vortexing, rocking, freeze-thawing, ultrasonication and ultrafiltration. “Exhaustive counting” of the intact lambda DNA molecules following such manipulations enabled a quantitative assessment of the resulting fragmentation, which also revealed the type of degradation reflected in the fragmentation patterns. The use of high sensitivity flow cytometry was especially suited to investigate the degradation of dilute DNA solutions that may not be suitable for analysis using traditional methods. Notable findings of this study included: the boarderline-size of DNA chains in terms of susceptibility to shear stresses by such manipulations;discernable instability of nicked DNAs;shattering-fragmentation of DNAs by freeze-thawing or ultrasonication;effectiveness of some protection media;marked “self-protection effect” of concentrated DNA solutions. These findings support and refine our traditional knowledge on how to maintain the physical integrity of macro-DNA molecules against inevitable laboratory manipulations.展开更多
The corpus of this research was selected from the novel White Deer Plain,focusing on the inter-characteristics of various sign text modalities(fiction,TV lines and TV series),involving the interaction between sign tex...The corpus of this research was selected from the novel White Deer Plain,focusing on the inter-characteristics of various sign text modalities(fiction,TV lines and TV series),involving the interaction between sign text interpreters such as authors,scriptwriters,directors,actors,censors,post-producers,audiences,etc.Sign manipulations were adopted in these processes.It can be said that these sign processes from linguistic signs to TV drama cross-media and multimedia composite signs are typical sign text.Therefore,the research about complexity of the sign process attracts authors’interest.There are relatively few studies on the analysis of Bai Jiaxuan and Lu Zilin in White Deer Plain from the perspective of semiotics.This paper will analyze the differences in the characterizing process between novels and TV series from the perspective of sign manipulations.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To determine the clinical effect,treatment times,and rheoencephalogram changes in vertebral artery type cervical spondylosis patients treated with innovative Tuina manipulations.METHODS:One hundred and twent...OBJECTIVE:To determine the clinical effect,treatment times,and rheoencephalogram changes in vertebral artery type cervical spondylosis patients treated with innovative Tuina manipulations.METHODS:One hundred and twenty six cervical spondylosis patients(vertebral artery type) were randomly divided into test and control groups.Patients in the test group were treated with innovative Tuina manipulations,while those in the control group were treated with the routine Tuina manipulations according to the textbook of Chinese Massage for Acupuncture and Moxibustion majors.The clinical effects,treatment times,clinical symptoms,and cerebral blood flow were measured.RESULTS:The response to the treatment was 100% in the test group and 88.71% in the control group.Patients in the test group required(7 ± 4) treatments before recovery,while those in the control group required(15 ± 7) treatments before recovery(P<0.05).The clinical symptoms exhibited greater improvement in the test group compared to the control group(P<0.05).There were no differences in cerebral blood flow between the two groups.CONCLUSION:Both innovative Tuina manipulations and routine Tuina manipulations produced satisfactory therapeutic results in vertebral artery type cervical spondylosis patients.However,the innovative manipulation was more effective in improving the functional symptoms,although there were no changes in the cerebral blood flow.展开更多
The source-sink ratio during grain filling is a critical factor that affects crop yield in wheat,and the main objective of this study was to determine the source-sink relations at both the canopy scale and the individ...The source-sink ratio during grain filling is a critical factor that affects crop yield in wheat,and the main objective of this study was to determine the source-sink relations at both the canopy scale and the individual culm level under two nitrogen(N)levels at the post-jointing stage.Nine widely-used cultivars were chosen for analyzing source-sink relations in southwestern China;and three typical cultivars of different plant types were subjected to artificial manipulation of the grain-filling source-sink ratio to supplement crop growth measurements.A field experiment was conducted over two consecutive seasons under two N rates(N+,150 kg ha^(-1);N-,60 kg ha^(-1)),and three manipulations were imposed after anthesis:control(Ct),removal of flag and penultimate leaves(Lr)and removal of spikelets on one side of each spike(Sr).The results showed that the single grain weights in the three cultivars were significantly decreased by Lr and increased by Sr,which demonstrated that wheat grain yield potential seems more source-limited than sink-limited during grain filling,but the source-sink balance was obviously changed by climatic variations and N deficient environments.Grain yield was highly associated with sink capacity(SICA),grain number,biomass,SPAD values,and leaf area index during grain filling,indicating a higher degree of source limitation with an increase in sink capacity.Therefore,source limitation should be taken into account by breeders when SICA is increased,especially under non-limiting conditions.Chuanmai 104,a half-compact type with a mid-sized spike and a long narrow upper leaf,showed relatively better performance in source-sink relations.Since this cultivar showed the characteristics of a lower reduction in grain weight after Lr,a larger increase after Sr,and a lower reduction in post-anthesis dry matter accumulation,then the greater current photosynthesis during grain filling contributed to the grain after source and sink manipulation.展开更多
Objective: To analyze the effects of twirling reinforcing and reducing manipulations on protein expression in parietal cortex of spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHRs), and elucidate the main mechanisms and differences...Objective: To analyze the effects of twirling reinforcing and reducing manipulations on protein expression in parietal cortex of spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHRs), and elucidate the main mechanisms and differences between two manipulations in hypertension treatment.Methods: Rats were randomly divided into the control, model, twirling reinforcing manipulation(TRFM),and twirling reducing manipulation(TRDM) groups. The control and model groups received catch and fixation stimulations once a day for 14 days. The TRFM and TRDM groups were intervened once a day for 20 min for 14 days. On days 0, 2, 6, 10, and 14 after acupuncture, rat systolic blood pressures(SBPs) were measured. Differential protein(DP) expression in the rat parietal cortices was detected. Thereafter, GO functional significance and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were performed.Results: Compared with the model group, SBP of rats in the TRDM and TRFM groups decreased on days 6 and 10 of acupuncture, respectively(P=.009;P <.001). Moreover, SBP of the TRDM group was significantly lower than that of the TRFM group on days 10 and 14 of acupuncture(P=.015;P=.013).Compared with control group, 601 and 1040 DPs were up-and downregulated, respectively, in the model group. Compared with model group, 44 and 28 up-and downregulated DPs were expressed, respectively,in the TRFM group. Compared with model group, expression of 616 and 427 up-and downregulated DPs,respectively, was found in the TRDM group. After combining the results of GO and KEGG enrichment analyses, five and one pathways were found to be related to the central antihypertensive mechanism of the parietal cortex during twirling reducing and reinforcing manipulations, respectively.Conclusion: TRDM showed a more effective antihypertensive effect on SHRs than TRFM;this antihypertensive effect was related to the regulation of different proteins and their biological functions.展开更多
Contactless acoustic manipulation of micro/nanoscale particles has attracted considerable attention owing to its near independence of the physical and chemical properties of the targets,making it universally applicabl...Contactless acoustic manipulation of micro/nanoscale particles has attracted considerable attention owing to its near independence of the physical and chemical properties of the targets,making it universally applicable to almost all biological systems.Thin-film bulk acoustic wave(BAW)resonators operating at gigahertz(GHz)frequencies have been demonstrated to generate localized high-speed microvortices through acoustic streaming effects.Benefitting from the strong drag forces of the high-speed vortices,BAW-enabled GHz acoustic streaming tweezers(AST)have been applied to the trapping and enrichment of particles ranging in size from micrometers to less than 100 nm.However,the behavior of particles in such 3D microvortex systems is still largely unknown.In this work,the particle behavior(trapping,enrichment,and separation)in GHz AST is studied by theoretical analyses,3D simulations,and microparticle tracking experiments.It is found that the particle motion in the vortices is determined mainly by the balance between the acoustic streaming drag force and the acoustic radiation force.This work can provide basic design principles for AST-based lab-on-a-chip systems for a variety of applications.展开更多
Acupuncture and moxibustion therapy non-specifically raises the pain threshold, relieves regional muscular tension, improves local blood circulation, accelerates elimination of algogenic substances such as acid metabo...Acupuncture and moxibustion therapy non-specifically raises the pain threshold, relieves regional muscular tension, improves local blood circulation, accelerates elimination of algogenic substances such as acid metabolites, and promotes neural regeneration and functional rehabilitation. However, the effects of acupuncture are synthetically influenced by multiple factors, which vary with acu-puncture point, intensity, and manipulation. The present study explored the analgesic effects and mechanisms of specific Sancai acupuncture manipulation for sciatica. Results revealed that Sancai acupuncture manipulation significantly reduced inflammatory factor interleukin-6 expression in the blood serum of rats with sciatica, exhibited anti-inflammatory effects and promoted rehabilitation of injured nerves. In addition, Sancai acupuncture manipulation exhibited superior curative effects over conventional acupuncture manipulation.展开更多
A 1-bit electronically controlled metasurface reflectarray is presented to achieve beam steering with multiple polarization manipulations. A metsurface unit cell loaded by two PIN diodes is designed. By switching the ...A 1-bit electronically controlled metasurface reflectarray is presented to achieve beam steering with multiple polarization manipulations. A metsurface unit cell loaded by two PIN diodes is designed. By switching the two PIN diodes between ON and OFF states, the isotropic and anisotropic reflections can be flexibly achieved. For either the isotropic reflection or the anisotropic reflection, the two operation states achieve the reflection coefficients with approximately equal magnitude and 180°out of phase, thus giving rise to the isotropic/anisotropic 1-bit metasurface unit cells. With the 1-bit unit cells, a 12-by-12 metasurface reflectarray is optimally designed and fabricated. Under either y-or x-polarized incident wave illumination, the reflectarray can achieve the co-polarized and cross-polarized beam scanning, respectively, with the peak gains of 20.08 d Bi and 17.26 d Bi within the scan range of about ±50°. With the right-handed circular polarization(RHCP) excitation, the left-handed circular polarization(LHCP) radiation with the peak gain of 16.98 d Bic can be achieved within the scan range of ±50°. Good agreement between the experimental results and the simulation results are observed for 2D beam steering and polarization manipulation capabilities.展开更多
After analyzing 262 corporations when their inner employees＇ shares （IES） become tradable from 1999 to 2003, we find that under-line items and probability of issuing stock dividend are significantly higher for firm...After analyzing 262 corporations when their inner employees＇ shares （IES） become tradable from 1999 to 2003, we find that under-line items and probability of issuing stock dividend are significantly higher for firms with IES than firms without IES. In the two years before IES become tradable, corporations with IES tend to manipulate profit through under-line items and are more probable to issue stock dividend.展开更多
Transformation optics(TO)or transformation acoustics(TA)theory provides an elegant framework for designing intricate wavematerial interaction devices.Combining TO or TA with emerging metamaterial technology,the propag...Transformation optics(TO)or transformation acoustics(TA)theory provides an elegant framework for designing intricate wavematerial interaction devices.Combining TO or TA with emerging metamaterial technology,the propagating waves inside metamaterials can be guided at will by mapping a preset spatial pattern onto a specific constituent parameter distribution,thus achieving desired functionalities.In this review,we mainly focus on recent progress in TO and TA,in terms of basic theory and representative applications.Firstly,we introduce the fundamental principles of TO and TA.Subsequently,we present some related spatial-transformation-based applications in electromagnetics,such as cloaks,beam manipulation devices and applications in nonlinear responses,and some typical applications in acoustics,namely underwater ultrasound invisibility,sound imaging lenses and parity-time symmetry.Furthermore,we discuss transformation-based devices for acoustic-electromagneticjoint control.Finally,we summarize current spatial-transformation-based wave modulations and outline some future opportunities in this research field.展开更多
Narrow space manipulations are crucial for equipment maintenance,as they eliminate the need for disassembly,thus reducing costs and increasing efficiency.Cable-driven flexible robots possess exceptional capabilities i...Narrow space manipulations are crucial for equipment maintenance,as they eliminate the need for disassembly,thus reducing costs and increasing efficiency.Cable-driven flexible robots possess exceptional capabilities in maneuvering through narrow spaces,thanks to their interaction compliance and distal dexterity.However,their inherent low stiffness causes a decline in the location accuracy of the robot and could even lead to manipulation failure.To address this challenge,this paper proposes a novel type of rigid-flexible coupling robot,which increases the stiffness of the robot while ensuring the reachability within a narrow space.To achieve high-accuracy location in a narrow space,kinematic and control methods are proposed.Specifically,the robot forward kinematics are uniformly represented,and the closed-form inverse kinematics solution is derived.Furthermore,in cases where the robot's structure fails to align with Pieper's solution,a two-stage search strategy is utilized to solve the inverse kinematics,resulting in a high success rate of 99.1%.Based on the proposed kinematics,a rigid-dominated control method is then proposed to facilitate localization and pose alignment of target objects in narrow spaces.The practical comparative experiments show that the proposed robot has the capability of high accuracy control in narrow spaces.展开更多
Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of tuina manipulations in treating different types of tic disorders(TD).Methods:Eligible TD patients were classified into three types,transient tic disorders(TTD),chronic mul...Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of tuina manipulations in treating different types of tic disorders(TD).Methods:Eligible TD patients were classified into three types,transient tic disorders(TTD),chronic multiple tic disorders(CMTD)and Tourette syndrome(TS),according to their disease duration and severity.The three types of children were treated with the same tuina manipulations.Changes in the Yale global tic severity scale(YGTSS)score,effective rate for tic,and cervical spine imaging examination results(including asymmetry of the lateral atlanto-dental interval,broadened anterior atlanto-dental interval,C2 spinous process deviation,occipito-atlanto-axial flexion/extension instability)were observed after 1-month and 3-month treatments respectively.Results:The YGTSS score changed significantly after 1-month and 3-month treatments compared with that before treatment(both P<0.01);the effective rate for TD was 46.6%and 86.7%respectively after 1-month and 3-month treatments;there were significant differences comparing the effective rate for tic between different types of TD after 1-month and 3-month treatments(all P<0.05);comparing the effective rate for tic after 1-month treatment with that after 3-month treatment for the same type,the intra-group differences were statistically significant[TTD group(P<0.01),CMTD group(P<0.01),TS group(P<0.05)];the abnormal parameter rates in neck imaging examination after 3-month treatment were significantly different from those before treatment(all P<0.01).Conclusion:Tuina manipulation is effective for TTD,CMTD and TS.It can correct the abnormal alterations of patients'cervical vertebrae,and its efficacy for TTD is most significant.展开更多
Single-cell biomechanics and electrophysiology measuring tools have transformed biological research over the last few decades,which enabling a comprehensive and nuanced understanding of cellular behavior and function....Single-cell biomechanics and electrophysiology measuring tools have transformed biological research over the last few decades,which enabling a comprehensive and nuanced understanding of cellular behavior and function.Despite their high-quality information content,these single-cell measuring techniques suffer from laborious manual processing by highly skilled workers and extremely low throughput(tens of cells per day).Recently,numerous researchers have automated the measurement of cell mechanical and electrical signals through robotic localization and control processes.While these efforts have demonstrated promising progress,critical challenges persist,including human dependency,learning complexity,in-situ measurement,and multidimensional signal acquisition.To identify key limitations and highlight emerging opportunities for innovation,in this review,we comprehensively summarize the key steps of robotic technologies in single-cell biomechanics and electrophysiology.We also discussed the prospects and challenges of robotics and automation in biological research.By bridging gaps between engineering,biology,and data science,this work aims to stimulate interdisciplinary research and accelerate the translation of robotic single-cell technologies into practical applications in the life sciences and medical fields.展开更多
Vortex-induced vibration(VIV)of an underwater manipulator in pulsating flow presents a notable engineering problem in precise control due to the velocity variation in the flow.This study investigates the VIV response ...Vortex-induced vibration(VIV)of an underwater manipulator in pulsating flow presents a notable engineering problem in precise control due to the velocity variation in the flow.This study investigates the VIV response of an underwater manipulator subjected to pulsating flow,focusing on how different postures affect the behavior of the system.The effects of pulsating parameters and manipulator arrangement on the hydrodynamic coefficient,vibration response,motion trajectory,and vortex shedding behaviors were analyzed.Results indicated that the cross flow vibration displacement in pulsating flow increased by 32.14%compared to uniform flow,inducing a shift in the motion trajectory from a crescent shape to a sideward vase shape.In the absence of interference between the upper and lower arms,the lift coefficient of the manipulator substantially increased with rising pulsating frequency,reaching a maximum increment of 67.0%.This increase in the lift coefficient led to a 67.05%rise in the vibration frequency of the manipulator in the in-line direction.As the pulsating amplitude increased,the drag coefficient of the underwater manipulator rose by 36.79%,but the vibration frequency in the cross-flow direction decreased by 56.26%.Additionally,when the upper and lower arms remained in a state of mutual interference,the cross-flow vibration amplitudes of the upper and lower arms were approximately 1.84 and 4.82 times higher in a circular-elliptical arrangement compared to an elliptical-circular arrangement,respectively.Consequently,the flow field shifted from a P+S pattern to a disordered pattern,disrupting the regularity of the motion trajectory.展开更多
文摘With introduction of three heavy manipulations therapy at Dazhui （大椎 GV 14） for unclear enunciation case of acute cerebral infarction, acute attack case of chronic asthmatic bronchitis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis case of motor neuron disease, ankylosing spondylitis case and chronic fatigue syndrome case, it is confirmed thatDazhui （大椎 GV 14） combined with three heavy manipulations therapy of blood-letting acupuncture, cupping and moxibust-ion has efficacy for external and endogenous wind, promoting and tonifying yang- qi, strengthening the body timely, removing wind and dampness, and relieving the pain and spasm in the clinical practice.
文摘Plant regeneration is the first step to cotton biotechnology.We screened over 100 genotypes and found two genotypes,YZ-1 and Y668,which are very easy to regenerate.It takes about 5 to 6
文摘Redacted by Specialty Committee of Heat-sensitive Moxibustion of WFCMS,Standardized Manipulations of Heat-sensitive Moxibustion(HSM).Therapy states the scope,normative references,terms and definitions,preoperative preparations,operation methods and procedure,indications and notice of HSM Therapy.
文摘Transmission line manipulations in a power system are necessary for the execution of preventative or corrective main- tenance in a network, thus ensuring the stability of the system. In this study, primal-dual interior-point methods are used to minimize costs and losses in the generation and transmission of the predispatch active power flow in a hydroelectric system with previously scheduled line manipulations for preventative maintenance, over a period of twenty-four hours. The matrix structure of this problem and the modification that it imposes on the system is also broached in this study. From the computational standpoint, the effort required to solve a problem with or without line manipulations is similar, and the reasons for this are also discussed in this study. Computational results sustain our findings.
文摘The degree and characteristics of physical degradation of macro-DNA molecules by common laboratory manipulations are reported. With linearized lambda-phage viral DNA as the model DNA, fragmentation of macro-DNA by various indispensable laboratory manipulations were investigated using a high sensitivity flow cytometric setup. Investigated manipulations included pipetting, vortexing, rocking, freeze-thawing, ultrasonication and ultrafiltration. “Exhaustive counting” of the intact lambda DNA molecules following such manipulations enabled a quantitative assessment of the resulting fragmentation, which also revealed the type of degradation reflected in the fragmentation patterns. The use of high sensitivity flow cytometry was especially suited to investigate the degradation of dilute DNA solutions that may not be suitable for analysis using traditional methods. Notable findings of this study included: the boarderline-size of DNA chains in terms of susceptibility to shear stresses by such manipulations;discernable instability of nicked DNAs;shattering-fragmentation of DNAs by freeze-thawing or ultrasonication;effectiveness of some protection media;marked “self-protection effect” of concentrated DNA solutions. These findings support and refine our traditional knowledge on how to maintain the physical integrity of macro-DNA molecules against inevitable laboratory manipulations.
文摘The corpus of this research was selected from the novel White Deer Plain,focusing on the inter-characteristics of various sign text modalities(fiction,TV lines and TV series),involving the interaction between sign text interpreters such as authors,scriptwriters,directors,actors,censors,post-producers,audiences,etc.Sign manipulations were adopted in these processes.It can be said that these sign processes from linguistic signs to TV drama cross-media and multimedia composite signs are typical sign text.Therefore,the research about complexity of the sign process attracts authors’interest.There are relatively few studies on the analysis of Bai Jiaxuan and Lu Zilin in White Deer Plain from the perspective of semiotics.This paper will analyze the differences in the characterizing process between novels and TV series from the perspective of sign manipulations.
基金Supported by the Fund of Capital Medical Development and Research(No.Ⅲ-11)the Subject Growth Fund of Guang'anmen Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(No.81392)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To determine the clinical effect,treatment times,and rheoencephalogram changes in vertebral artery type cervical spondylosis patients treated with innovative Tuina manipulations.METHODS:One hundred and twenty six cervical spondylosis patients(vertebral artery type) were randomly divided into test and control groups.Patients in the test group were treated with innovative Tuina manipulations,while those in the control group were treated with the routine Tuina manipulations according to the textbook of Chinese Massage for Acupuncture and Moxibustion majors.The clinical effects,treatment times,clinical symptoms,and cerebral blood flow were measured.RESULTS:The response to the treatment was 100% in the test group and 88.71% in the control group.Patients in the test group required(7 ± 4) treatments before recovery,while those in the control group required(15 ± 7) treatments before recovery(P<0.05).The clinical symptoms exhibited greater improvement in the test group compared to the control group(P<0.05).There were no differences in cerebral blood flow between the two groups.CONCLUSION:Both innovative Tuina manipulations and routine Tuina manipulations produced satisfactory therapeutic results in vertebral artery type cervical spondylosis patients.However,the innovative manipulation was more effective in improving the functional symptoms,although there were no changes in the cerebral blood flow.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31571590, 31972960)the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-3-22)the Key Project of Crop Breeding of Sichuan Province, China (2021YFYZ0005)
文摘The source-sink ratio during grain filling is a critical factor that affects crop yield in wheat,and the main objective of this study was to determine the source-sink relations at both the canopy scale and the individual culm level under two nitrogen(N)levels at the post-jointing stage.Nine widely-used cultivars were chosen for analyzing source-sink relations in southwestern China;and three typical cultivars of different plant types were subjected to artificial manipulation of the grain-filling source-sink ratio to supplement crop growth measurements.A field experiment was conducted over two consecutive seasons under two N rates(N+,150 kg ha^(-1);N-,60 kg ha^(-1)),and three manipulations were imposed after anthesis:control(Ct),removal of flag and penultimate leaves(Lr)and removal of spikelets on one side of each spike(Sr).The results showed that the single grain weights in the three cultivars were significantly decreased by Lr and increased by Sr,which demonstrated that wheat grain yield potential seems more source-limited than sink-limited during grain filling,but the source-sink balance was obviously changed by climatic variations and N deficient environments.Grain yield was highly associated with sink capacity(SICA),grain number,biomass,SPAD values,and leaf area index during grain filling,indicating a higher degree of source limitation with an increase in sink capacity.Therefore,source limitation should be taken into account by breeders when SICA is increased,especially under non-limiting conditions.Chuanmai 104,a half-compact type with a mid-sized spike and a long narrow upper leaf,showed relatively better performance in source-sink relations.Since this cultivar showed the characteristics of a lower reduction in grain weight after Lr,a larger increase after Sr,and a lower reduction in post-anthesis dry matter accumulation,then the greater current photosynthesis during grain filling contributed to the grain after source and sink manipulation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81774413 and 82074553)。
文摘Objective: To analyze the effects of twirling reinforcing and reducing manipulations on protein expression in parietal cortex of spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHRs), and elucidate the main mechanisms and differences between two manipulations in hypertension treatment.Methods: Rats were randomly divided into the control, model, twirling reinforcing manipulation(TRFM),and twirling reducing manipulation(TRDM) groups. The control and model groups received catch and fixation stimulations once a day for 14 days. The TRFM and TRDM groups were intervened once a day for 20 min for 14 days. On days 0, 2, 6, 10, and 14 after acupuncture, rat systolic blood pressures(SBPs) were measured. Differential protein(DP) expression in the rat parietal cortices was detected. Thereafter, GO functional significance and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were performed.Results: Compared with the model group, SBP of rats in the TRDM and TRFM groups decreased on days 6 and 10 of acupuncture, respectively(P=.009;P <.001). Moreover, SBP of the TRDM group was significantly lower than that of the TRFM group on days 10 and 14 of acupuncture(P=.015;P=.013).Compared with control group, 601 and 1040 DPs were up-and downregulated, respectively, in the model group. Compared with model group, 44 and 28 up-and downregulated DPs were expressed, respectively,in the TRFM group. Compared with model group, expression of 616 and 427 up-and downregulated DPs,respectively, was found in the TRDM group. After combining the results of GO and KEGG enrichment analyses, five and one pathways were found to be related to the central antihypertensive mechanism of the parietal cortex during twirling reducing and reinforcing manipulations, respectively.Conclusion: TRDM showed a more effective antihypertensive effect on SHRs than TRFM;this antihypertensive effect was related to the regulation of different proteins and their biological functions.
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFE0118700)the Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC No.62174119)+1 种基金Tianjin Applied Basic Research and Advanced Technology(17JCJQJC43600)the 111 Project(B07014).
文摘Contactless acoustic manipulation of micro/nanoscale particles has attracted considerable attention owing to its near independence of the physical and chemical properties of the targets,making it universally applicable to almost all biological systems.Thin-film bulk acoustic wave(BAW)resonators operating at gigahertz(GHz)frequencies have been demonstrated to generate localized high-speed microvortices through acoustic streaming effects.Benefitting from the strong drag forces of the high-speed vortices,BAW-enabled GHz acoustic streaming tweezers(AST)have been applied to the trapping and enrichment of particles ranging in size from micrometers to less than 100 nm.However,the behavior of particles in such 3D microvortex systems is still largely unknown.In this work,the particle behavior(trapping,enrichment,and separation)in GHz AST is studied by theoretical analyses,3D simulations,and microparticle tracking experiments.It is found that the particle motion in the vortices is determined mainly by the balance between the acoustic streaming drag force and the acoustic radiation force.This work can provide basic design principles for AST-based lab-on-a-chip systems for a variety of applications.
基金the Science and Technology Development Program of High Institutes of Liaoning Provincial Educational Department,No.2007T118
文摘Acupuncture and moxibustion therapy non-specifically raises the pain threshold, relieves regional muscular tension, improves local blood circulation, accelerates elimination of algogenic substances such as acid metabolites, and promotes neural regeneration and functional rehabilitation. However, the effects of acupuncture are synthetically influenced by multiple factors, which vary with acu-puncture point, intensity, and manipulation. The present study explored the analgesic effects and mechanisms of specific Sancai acupuncture manipulation for sciatica. Results revealed that Sancai acupuncture manipulation significantly reduced inflammatory factor interleukin-6 expression in the blood serum of rats with sciatica, exhibited anti-inflammatory effects and promoted rehabilitation of injured nerves. In addition, Sancai acupuncture manipulation exhibited superior curative effects over conventional acupuncture manipulation.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2021YFA1401001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.62371355)。
文摘A 1-bit electronically controlled metasurface reflectarray is presented to achieve beam steering with multiple polarization manipulations. A metsurface unit cell loaded by two PIN diodes is designed. By switching the two PIN diodes between ON and OFF states, the isotropic and anisotropic reflections can be flexibly achieved. For either the isotropic reflection or the anisotropic reflection, the two operation states achieve the reflection coefficients with approximately equal magnitude and 180°out of phase, thus giving rise to the isotropic/anisotropic 1-bit metasurface unit cells. With the 1-bit unit cells, a 12-by-12 metasurface reflectarray is optimally designed and fabricated. Under either y-or x-polarized incident wave illumination, the reflectarray can achieve the co-polarized and cross-polarized beam scanning, respectively, with the peak gains of 20.08 d Bi and 17.26 d Bi within the scan range of about ±50°. With the right-handed circular polarization(RHCP) excitation, the left-handed circular polarization(LHCP) radiation with the peak gain of 16.98 d Bic can be achieved within the scan range of ±50°. Good agreement between the experimental results and the simulation results are observed for 2D beam steering and polarization manipulation capabilities.
文摘After analyzing 262 corporations when their inner employees＇ shares （IES） become tradable from 1999 to 2003, we find that under-line items and probability of issuing stock dividend are significantly higher for firms with IES than firms without IES. In the two years before IES become tradable, corporations with IES tend to manipulate profit through under-line items and are more probable to issue stock dividend.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U23B2015 and 62288101)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2242023K5002)the 111 Project(Grant No.111-2-05)。
文摘Transformation optics(TO)or transformation acoustics(TA)theory provides an elegant framework for designing intricate wavematerial interaction devices.Combining TO or TA with emerging metamaterial technology,the propagating waves inside metamaterials can be guided at will by mapping a preset spatial pattern onto a specific constituent parameter distribution,thus achieving desired functionalities.In this review,we mainly focus on recent progress in TO and TA,in terms of basic theory and representative applications.Firstly,we introduce the fundamental principles of TO and TA.Subsequently,we present some related spatial-transformation-based applications in electromagnetics,such as cloaks,beam manipulation devices and applications in nonlinear responses,and some typical applications in acoustics,namely underwater ultrasound invisibility,sound imaging lenses and parity-time symmetry.Furthermore,we discuss transformation-based devices for acoustic-electromagneticjoint control.Finally,we summarize current spatial-transformation-based wave modulations and outline some future opportunities in this research field.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52188102,52090054,52205521)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.GZC20240539).
文摘Narrow space manipulations are crucial for equipment maintenance,as they eliminate the need for disassembly,thus reducing costs and increasing efficiency.Cable-driven flexible robots possess exceptional capabilities in maneuvering through narrow spaces,thanks to their interaction compliance and distal dexterity.However,their inherent low stiffness causes a decline in the location accuracy of the robot and could even lead to manipulation failure.To address this challenge,this paper proposes a novel type of rigid-flexible coupling robot,which increases the stiffness of the robot while ensuring the reachability within a narrow space.To achieve high-accuracy location in a narrow space,kinematic and control methods are proposed.Specifically,the robot forward kinematics are uniformly represented,and the closed-form inverse kinematics solution is derived.Furthermore,in cases where the robot's structure fails to align with Pieper's solution,a two-stage search strategy is utilized to solve the inverse kinematics,resulting in a high success rate of 99.1%.Based on the proposed kinematics,a rigid-dominated control method is then proposed to facilitate localization and pose alignment of target objects in narrow spaces.The practical comparative experiments show that the proposed robot has the capability of high accuracy control in narrow spaces.
文摘Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of tuina manipulations in treating different types of tic disorders(TD).Methods:Eligible TD patients were classified into three types,transient tic disorders(TTD),chronic multiple tic disorders(CMTD)and Tourette syndrome(TS),according to their disease duration and severity.The three types of children were treated with the same tuina manipulations.Changes in the Yale global tic severity scale(YGTSS)score,effective rate for tic,and cervical spine imaging examination results(including asymmetry of the lateral atlanto-dental interval,broadened anterior atlanto-dental interval,C2 spinous process deviation,occipito-atlanto-axial flexion/extension instability)were observed after 1-month and 3-month treatments respectively.Results:The YGTSS score changed significantly after 1-month and 3-month treatments compared with that before treatment(both P<0.01);the effective rate for TD was 46.6%and 86.7%respectively after 1-month and 3-month treatments;there were significant differences comparing the effective rate for tic between different types of TD after 1-month and 3-month treatments(all P<0.05);comparing the effective rate for tic after 1-month treatment with that after 3-month treatment for the same type,the intra-group differences were statistically significant[TTD group(P<0.01),CMTD group(P<0.01),TS group(P<0.05)];the abnormal parameter rates in neck imaging examination after 3-month treatment were significantly different from those before treatment(all P<0.01).Conclusion:Tuina manipulation is effective for TTD,CMTD and TS.It can correct the abnormal alterations of patients'cervical vertebrae,and its efficacy for TTD is most significant.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China[62525301,62127811,62433019]the New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZEthe financial support by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation[GZB20240797].
文摘Single-cell biomechanics and electrophysiology measuring tools have transformed biological research over the last few decades,which enabling a comprehensive and nuanced understanding of cellular behavior and function.Despite their high-quality information content,these single-cell measuring techniques suffer from laborious manual processing by highly skilled workers and extremely low throughput(tens of cells per day).Recently,numerous researchers have automated the measurement of cell mechanical and electrical signals through robotic localization and control processes.While these efforts have demonstrated promising progress,critical challenges persist,including human dependency,learning complexity,in-situ measurement,and multidimensional signal acquisition.To identify key limitations and highlight emerging opportunities for innovation,in this review,we comprehensively summarize the key steps of robotic technologies in single-cell biomechanics and electrophysiology.We also discussed the prospects and challenges of robotics and automation in biological research.By bridging gaps between engineering,biology,and data science,this work aims to stimulate interdisciplinary research and accelerate the translation of robotic single-cell technologies into practical applications in the life sciences and medical fields.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51905211)A Project of the“20 Regulations for New Universities”Funding Program of Jinan(No.202228116).
文摘Vortex-induced vibration(VIV)of an underwater manipulator in pulsating flow presents a notable engineering problem in precise control due to the velocity variation in the flow.This study investigates the VIV response of an underwater manipulator subjected to pulsating flow,focusing on how different postures affect the behavior of the system.The effects of pulsating parameters and manipulator arrangement on the hydrodynamic coefficient,vibration response,motion trajectory,and vortex shedding behaviors were analyzed.Results indicated that the cross flow vibration displacement in pulsating flow increased by 32.14%compared to uniform flow,inducing a shift in the motion trajectory from a crescent shape to a sideward vase shape.In the absence of interference between the upper and lower arms,the lift coefficient of the manipulator substantially increased with rising pulsating frequency,reaching a maximum increment of 67.0%.This increase in the lift coefficient led to a 67.05%rise in the vibration frequency of the manipulator in the in-line direction.As the pulsating amplitude increased,the drag coefficient of the underwater manipulator rose by 36.79%,but the vibration frequency in the cross-flow direction decreased by 56.26%.Additionally,when the upper and lower arms remained in a state of mutual interference,the cross-flow vibration amplitudes of the upper and lower arms were approximately 1.84 and 4.82 times higher in a circular-elliptical arrangement compared to an elliptical-circular arrangement,respectively.Consequently,the flow field shifted from a P+S pattern to a disordered pattern,disrupting the regularity of the motion trajectory.
