Remote sensing and web-based platforms have emerged as vital tools in the effective monitoring of mangrove ecosystems, which are crucial for coastal protection, biodiversity, and carbon sequestration. Utilizing satell...Remote sensing and web-based platforms have emerged as vital tools in the effective monitoring of mangrove ecosystems, which are crucial for coastal protection, biodiversity, and carbon sequestration. Utilizing satellite imagery and aerial data, remote sensing allows researchers to assess the health and extent of mangrove forests over large areas and time periods, providing insights into changes due to environmental stressors like climate change, urbanization, and deforestation. Coupled with web-based platforms, this technology facilitates real-time data sharing and collaborative research efforts among scientists, policymakers, and conservationists. Thus, there is a need to grow this research interest among experts working in this kind of ecosystem. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive literature review on the effective role of remote sensing and web-based platform in monitoring mangrove ecosystem. The research paper utilized the thematic approach to extract specific information to use in the discussion which helped realize the efficiency of digital monitoring for the environment. Web-based platforms and remote sensing represent a powerful tool for environmental monitoring, particularly in the context of forest ecosystems. They facilitate the accessibility of vital data, promote collaboration among stakeholders, support evidence-based policymaking, and engage communities in conservation efforts. As experts confront the urgent challenges posed by climate change and environmental degradation, leveraging technology through web-based platforms is essential for fostering a sustainable future for the forests of the world.展开更多
Mangroves of the Indus Delta are the world’s fifth largest assemblage, and the largest in the arid zone. Mangroves of Indus delta (PQA) provide immense benefits, products and unrecognized regulatory services. Product...Mangroves of the Indus Delta are the world’s fifth largest assemblage, and the largest in the arid zone. Mangroves of Indus delta (PQA) provide immense benefits, products and unrecognized regulatory services. Products of Direct Economic Value: Fish, Minerals and food. There are Products of Natural System (intangible) supplies of rich nutrients to support productivity. Coastal communities benefit in a multitude of ways from Mangrove ecosystems. Collectively, these benefits are known as ecosystem services. The ecological role of mangrove ecosystems in the Indus Deltaic area of Port Qasim Authority (PQA) is, economically and socially significant. The Mangroves are well known for their high biological productivity and their consequent importance provided to the coastal community in terms of services and products of direct and indirect value to the adjacent coastal waters. Mangrove Ecosystem services are regularly involved in the provisioning of food and services and the decomposition of organic wastes. They export organic matter, mainly in detritus form of leaf litter to the marine environment, thus providing a highly nutritious food source for themselves and for the Benthic and terrestrial animals found in the mangrove areas, as well as for those in neighboring estuarine and marine ecosystems. Apart from nutrient export, mangroves also contribute to offshore fisheries by acting as nurseries and shelters for many species of commercially important finfish and crustaceans. Degradation of Indus Deltaic mangrove in PQA would destabilize the economic potential and the livelihood of communities’ which include services and benefits offered by the mangrove ecosystem. Rehabilitation and conservation of mangroves ecosystem in PQA is essential for sustained biological productivity in the region.展开更多
Soils in mangrove ecosystems are home to diverse and unique microbes,which support many crucial ecosystem services.Despite their vulnerability,the impact of bridge construction on the soil microbiome in mangroves is p...Soils in mangrove ecosystems are home to diverse and unique microbes,which support many crucial ecosystem services.Despite their vulnerability,the impact of bridge construction on the soil microbiome in mangroves is poorly understood.This study assessed the bacterial community profiles and microbial biomass in mangrove soils under different bridge construction techniques:Sheet Pile Cofferdam(SP)and Steel Casing Pipe(SC),compared to the non-disturbed(ND)counterpart.Bridge construction significantly decreased the alpha diversity and caused biotic homogenization of soil bacterial communities,indicating a loss of microbial biodiversity due to human disturbance.Bridge construction also reduced the microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen.The assembly of soil bacterial communities was dominated by stochastic processes,and bridge construction increased the relative importance of stochasticity.However,the impacts on ecological networks varied with the construction technique,with SC soils showing higher network complexity and stability compared to the ND habitats.Changes in soil bacterial communities were primarily attributed to the shifts in soil pH and nutrient levels.This study identified the effects of sea-crossing bridge construction on the soil microbiome in mangrove ecosystems,aiding in careful planning and environmental impact assessments to minimize the negative effects of urbanization on mangrove ecosystems.展开更多
Background:Mangroves are important tropical carbon sinks,and their role in mitigating climate change is well documented across the globe.However,the ecosystem carbon stocks in the mangroves of India have not been stud...Background:Mangroves are important tropical carbon sinks,and their role in mitigating climate change is well documented across the globe.However,the ecosystem carbon stocks in the mangroves of India have not been studied comprehensively.Data from this region is very limited for providing sufficient insights and authentic evaluation of carbon stocks on a regional scale.In this study,we evaluated the ecosystem carbon stock and its spatial variation in mangroves of Kerala,southwest coast of India.Results:The mean biomass stored in mangrove vegetation of Kerala is 117.11±1.02 t/ha(ABG=80.22±0.80,BGB=36.89±0.23 t/ha).Six mangrove species were found distributed in the study area.Among the different species,Avicennia marina had the highest biomass(162.18 t/ha)and least biomass was observed in Sonneratia alba(0.61 t/ha).The mean ecosystem carbon stock of mangrove systems in Kerala was estimated to be 139.82 t/ha,equivalent to 513.13 t CO2 e/ha with the vegetation and soil storing 58.56 t C/ha and 81.26 t C/ha respectively.Conclusion:The present study reveals that Kerala mangroves store sizable volume of carbon and therefore need to be preserved and managed sustainably,to retain along with the increase in carbon storage.This features the need of broadening mangrove cover as well as restoring deteriorated land in the past 50 years.Although mangrove forests in this region are protected by the Kerala Forest Department,they have been frequently facing illegal encroachment,prawn cultivation,and coastal erosion.展开更多
Mangrove ecosystems play a critical role in supporting ecological service values and regulating the global carbon cycle.They have become one of the most highly vulnerable ecosystems in the Anthropocene under the long-...Mangrove ecosystems play a critical role in supporting ecological service values and regulating the global carbon cycle.They have become one of the most highly vulnerable ecosystems in the Anthropocene under the long-term influence of diverse human perturbations.Soil dissolved organic matter(DOM)is an active fraction within the carbon cycle in mangrove ecosystems.However,it remains unclear how human perturbations regulate DOM dynamics.展开更多
East Java's mangrove ecosystems are exceptionally susceptible to contamination by anthropogenic ac-tivities and degradable marine debris,including plastic.This study aimed to investigate the shapes and distributio...East Java's mangrove ecosystems are exceptionally susceptible to contamination by anthropogenic ac-tivities and degradable marine debris,including plastic.This study aimed to investigate the shapes and distribution of microplastics(MPs)in sediment,water,and wild crabs,as well as the correlation.Wild crabs,sediment,and water originated from ten distinct mangrove ecosystems dispersed throughout northern and southern East Java.The MPs were extracted using digestion and density separation methods.The research identified six discrete shapes of MPs in sediment and water:fiber,fragment,foam,film,pellet,and microbead.The identified MPs were distributed in varying concentrations across various sites.Fibers were prevalent in the majority of water,ranging from 2.5 to 24.90 particles.L^(-1),with the exception of Gedangan(GD)and Dubibir(DB),whose proportion was relatively low.For the sediments,the seven sites contained a greater proportion of fragments ranging from 1.53 to 1.69 particles.g^(-1) dw as compared to surface waters.Additionally,each wild crab contained 48 particles identified in the gills and digestive tracts(GIT).Fiber constituted more than 60%of the total MPs,making it the most prevalent shape in the wild crabs.However,this variety was not preferred.Correlation analysis revealed connec-tions between MPs found in sediment and their presence in crab gills and GIT(p<0.01).This highlights the potential hazards of biomagnification in East Java's mangrove ecosystems.Factor analysis revealed the influential factors that contribute to pollution in the marine protected areas,emphasizing the intricate nature of coastal contamination.This work enhances comprehension of the distribution and consequences of MPs in mangrove ecosystems,underscoring the necessity for comprehensive efforts to mitigate their effects.展开更多
We examined the impact of various coastal developments on mangrove cover along the Kilim River, Langkawi Island, Malaysia between 1996 and 2008. We analysed images from Systeme Probatoire d＇Observation de la Tarre （...We examined the impact of various coastal developments on mangrove cover along the Kilim River, Langkawi Island, Malaysia between 1996 and 2008. We analysed images from Systeme Probatoire d＇Observation de la Tarre （SPOT） of Kilim River using supervised classification and Principal Component Analysis （PCA）. Over 8% （176.83 ha] of mangrove cover was degraded along the Kilim River from its total area of 2153.07 ha during the past 14 years. We identified several causes of mangrove degradation, including mangrove clearing （38%）, mangrove conversion to commercial area （21%）, residential area （19%）, agriculture （12%）, aquaculture （12%） and wake current （6%）. Langkawi is one of the main tourism islands in Malaysia. Tthe pace of coastal development throughout the entire island including Kilim River had suppressed the mangroves propagation over the years. Long term monitoring of mangrove ecosystems is essentials to ensure the survival and sustainability of mangrove associated biodiversity.展开更多
Mangrove forests in southern Iran are of high ecological and economic importance.These forests are being threatened because of uncontrolled harvesting to provide fodder for livestock.The objective of this study is to ...Mangrove forests in southern Iran are of high ecological and economic importance.These forests are being threatened because of uncontrolled harvesting to provide fodder for livestock.The objective of this study is to provide recommendations for appropriate harvesting intensities by quantifying the effect of different harvesting intensities on vegetative and vigor characteristics of mangrove trees.This study was conducted using a randomized complete block design comprising four treatments(10.00%,20.00%,and 30.00% trimming,along with a control)replicated three times.Vegetative characteristics were measured before and after trimming(five-year period)and analyzed using generalized linear model statistical analysis.The growths of the average diameter of canopy,canopy area,canopy volume,canopy height,tree height,and collar diameter in the control treatment were all significantly higher than those in the trimming treatments.In addition,there was a decreasing trend in leaf fresh and dry mass,leaf area index,total area of canopy leaves,and health status of tree in the trimming treatments.For example,the percentage change in fresh and dry leaf mass in the control treatment was positive(29.87% and 38.31%,respectively),whereas the trimming treatments of 10.00%,20.00% and 30.00% had negative effects(-7.01% and -4.79%,-11.32% and -14.30%,and -15.84% and -17.29%,respectively).In addition,the changes in leaf area index in the control(4.95%)and 30.00% trimming(-24.57%)treatments were the highest and lowest,respectively.The percentage change in soil organic matter in the control,10.00%,20.00%,and 30.00% treatments were 22.94%,-9.90%,-16.91%,and -18.68%,respectively.The study demonstrated that gray mangrove trees were highly sensitive to canopy trimming,with even minimal trimming intensities negatively affecting vegetative growth and soil organic matter.Therefore,it is recommended that cutting and trimming of mangrove trees should be prevented even at low intensity to preserve mangrove ecosystem health and resilience against environmental stressors.展开更多
Continued innovation in screening methodologies remains important for the discovery of high-quality multiactive fungi,which have been of great significance to the development of new drugs.Mangrove-derived fungi,which ...Continued innovation in screening methodologies remains important for the discovery of high-quality multiactive fungi,which have been of great significance to the development of new drugs.Mangrove-derived fungi,which are well recognized as prolific sources of natural products,are worth sustained attention and further study.In this study,118 fungi,which mainly included Aspergillus spp.(34.62%)and Penicillium spp.(15.38%),were isolated from the mangrove ecosystem of the Maowei Sea,and 83.1%of the cultured fungi showed at least one bioactivity in four antibacterial and three antioxidant assays.To accurately evaluate the fungal bioactivities,the fungi with multiple bioactivities were successfully evaluated and screened by principal component analysis(PCA),and this analysis provided a dataset for comparing and selecting multibioactive fungi.Among the 118 mangrove-derived fungi tested in this study,Aspergillus spp.showed the best comprehensive activity.Fungi such as A.clavatonanicus,A.flavipes and A.citrinoterreus,which exhibited high comprehensive bioactivity as determined by the PCA,have great potential in the exploitation of natural products and the development of new drugs.This study demonstrated the first use of PCA as a time-saving,scientific method with a strong ability to evaluate and screen multiactive fungi,which indicated that this method can affect the discovery and development of new drugs.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to investigate the accumulation behavior of two typical PAHs, phenanthrene （PHE） and fluoranthene （FLA）, uptaken by the mangrove Kandelia candel in various treated sandy soils. The ex...The purpose of this study was to investigate the accumulation behavior of two typical PAHs, phenanthrene （PHE） and fluoranthene （FLA）, uptaken by the mangrove Kandelia candel in various treated sandy soils. The experiment lasted for three months. Soil and plant samples were collected after 3, 6, 9 and 13 weeks of the incubation and the levels of PAHs were analyzed using a GC/MS （HP6890-5975B）. The results showed that the root accumulations of PHE and FLA were elevated with the increase of the PAH concentrations in the soil. With prolonged exposure time, PHE and FLA concentrations of the roots increased significantly in comparison with the control. PHE and FLA concentrations of root after 13 weeks of treatment ranged from 0.28 to 4.36 #g.g-1 and 0.79 to 35.76 pg.g 1 respectively. The calculated mean values of the root concentration factors were 0.58 for PHE and 0.71 for FLA. This indicated that root accumulation of FLA was greater than PHE, which would result from the higher octanol-water partition coefficient （Kow） of FLA. These results underline the ability of mangroves to remove PAHs from contaminated marine substrates and hence their potential use in bioremediation and the removal of PAHs from the marine food chain.展开更多
Mangrove ecosystems are important for global carbon sequestration,with their soils storing approximately 1.71±0.17 Mg C ha−1 yr−1 of organic carbon.However,these ecosystems face challenge of degradation at a rate...Mangrove ecosystems are important for global carbon sequestration,with their soils storing approximately 1.71±0.17 Mg C ha−1 yr−1 of organic carbon.However,these ecosystems face challenge of degradation at a rate of nearly 42%as observed in the past decade in India.Moreover,degraded mangroves have become an integral part of the wetland ecosystems in Sundarbans.In this study,we investigate the geochemical interactions influencing soil carbon sequestration potential in degraded mangrove soils of the Indian Sundarbans.Soil samples were collected from three major estuaries:Bidyadhari,Hooghly and Matla up to 5 metre depths(at 1 m interval)with replications.Samples were analysed for total carbon(TC),soil organic carbon(SOC),major oxide compositions,trace element concentrations,and clay minerals.TC(0.67-0.94%)and SOC(0.58-0.73%)showed highest concentrations at 0-1 m soil depth due to greater organic inputs and declined with depth across all sites.Silicon dioxide(46%-51%)and aluminium oxide(18%-23%)were observed in higher concentrations across all sites which may contribute to clay-humus complexes with the potential to stabilize organic carbon.Trace elements showed stratified distributions influenced by redox cycling,tidal inputs,and anthropogenic inputs,particularly in Hooghly and Bidyadhari estuaries.Presence of Chromium(Cr),manganese(Mn)and zinc(Zn)indicated the potential to form insoluble oxides and hydroxides that could act as adsorption sites for organic carbon,thereby enhancing its stability.Secondary clay minerals like glauconite and argentopyrite indicated stable soil matrices that further supported carbon stabilization.This study emphasizes the geochemical characteristics of Sundarban degraded mangrove system in relation to carbon sequestration potential and factors influencing the soil carbon dynamics.展开更多
文摘Remote sensing and web-based platforms have emerged as vital tools in the effective monitoring of mangrove ecosystems, which are crucial for coastal protection, biodiversity, and carbon sequestration. Utilizing satellite imagery and aerial data, remote sensing allows researchers to assess the health and extent of mangrove forests over large areas and time periods, providing insights into changes due to environmental stressors like climate change, urbanization, and deforestation. Coupled with web-based platforms, this technology facilitates real-time data sharing and collaborative research efforts among scientists, policymakers, and conservationists. Thus, there is a need to grow this research interest among experts working in this kind of ecosystem. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive literature review on the effective role of remote sensing and web-based platform in monitoring mangrove ecosystem. The research paper utilized the thematic approach to extract specific information to use in the discussion which helped realize the efficiency of digital monitoring for the environment. Web-based platforms and remote sensing represent a powerful tool for environmental monitoring, particularly in the context of forest ecosystems. They facilitate the accessibility of vital data, promote collaboration among stakeholders, support evidence-based policymaking, and engage communities in conservation efforts. As experts confront the urgent challenges posed by climate change and environmental degradation, leveraging technology through web-based platforms is essential for fostering a sustainable future for the forests of the world.
文摘Mangroves of the Indus Delta are the world’s fifth largest assemblage, and the largest in the arid zone. Mangroves of Indus delta (PQA) provide immense benefits, products and unrecognized regulatory services. Products of Direct Economic Value: Fish, Minerals and food. There are Products of Natural System (intangible) supplies of rich nutrients to support productivity. Coastal communities benefit in a multitude of ways from Mangrove ecosystems. Collectively, these benefits are known as ecosystem services. The ecological role of mangrove ecosystems in the Indus Deltaic area of Port Qasim Authority (PQA) is, economically and socially significant. The Mangroves are well known for their high biological productivity and their consequent importance provided to the coastal community in terms of services and products of direct and indirect value to the adjacent coastal waters. Mangrove Ecosystem services are regularly involved in the provisioning of food and services and the decomposition of organic wastes. They export organic matter, mainly in detritus form of leaf litter to the marine environment, thus providing a highly nutritious food source for themselves and for the Benthic and terrestrial animals found in the mangrove areas, as well as for those in neighboring estuarine and marine ecosystems. Apart from nutrient export, mangroves also contribute to offshore fisheries by acting as nurseries and shelters for many species of commercially important finfish and crustaceans. Degradation of Indus Deltaic mangrove in PQA would destabilize the economic potential and the livelihood of communities’ which include services and benefits offered by the mangrove ecosystem. Rehabilitation and conservation of mangroves ecosystem in PQA is essential for sustained biological productivity in the region.
基金financially supported by the funding of Guangxi Xingang Transportation Investment Co.,Ltd.(Grant No.2022-0006).
文摘Soils in mangrove ecosystems are home to diverse and unique microbes,which support many crucial ecosystem services.Despite their vulnerability,the impact of bridge construction on the soil microbiome in mangroves is poorly understood.This study assessed the bacterial community profiles and microbial biomass in mangrove soils under different bridge construction techniques:Sheet Pile Cofferdam(SP)and Steel Casing Pipe(SC),compared to the non-disturbed(ND)counterpart.Bridge construction significantly decreased the alpha diversity and caused biotic homogenization of soil bacterial communities,indicating a loss of microbial biodiversity due to human disturbance.Bridge construction also reduced the microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen.The assembly of soil bacterial communities was dominated by stochastic processes,and bridge construction increased the relative importance of stochasticity.However,the impacts on ecological networks varied with the construction technique,with SC soils showing higher network complexity and stability compared to the ND habitats.Changes in soil bacterial communities were primarily attributed to the shifts in soil pH and nutrient levels.This study identified the effects of sea-crossing bridge construction on the soil microbiome in mangrove ecosystems,aiding in careful planning and environmental impact assessments to minimize the negative effects of urbanization on mangrove ecosystems.
基金The Kerala Council for Science,Technology,and Environment(KSCSTE),India,provided the funding for this whole work including surveys and wages.
文摘Background:Mangroves are important tropical carbon sinks,and their role in mitigating climate change is well documented across the globe.However,the ecosystem carbon stocks in the mangroves of India have not been studied comprehensively.Data from this region is very limited for providing sufficient insights and authentic evaluation of carbon stocks on a regional scale.In this study,we evaluated the ecosystem carbon stock and its spatial variation in mangroves of Kerala,southwest coast of India.Results:The mean biomass stored in mangrove vegetation of Kerala is 117.11±1.02 t/ha(ABG=80.22±0.80,BGB=36.89±0.23 t/ha).Six mangrove species were found distributed in the study area.Among the different species,Avicennia marina had the highest biomass(162.18 t/ha)and least biomass was observed in Sonneratia alba(0.61 t/ha).The mean ecosystem carbon stock of mangrove systems in Kerala was estimated to be 139.82 t/ha,equivalent to 513.13 t CO2 e/ha with the vegetation and soil storing 58.56 t C/ha and 81.26 t C/ha respectively.Conclusion:The present study reveals that Kerala mangroves store sizable volume of carbon and therefore need to be preserved and managed sustainably,to retain along with the increase in carbon storage.This features the need of broadening mangrove cover as well as restoring deteriorated land in the past 50 years.Although mangrove forests in this region are protected by the Kerala Forest Department,they have been frequently facing illegal encroachment,prawn cultivation,and coastal erosion.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC3105401)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42076168)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China(2021-J01047)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(20720210075)
文摘Mangrove ecosystems play a critical role in supporting ecological service values and regulating the global carbon cycle.They have become one of the most highly vulnerable ecosystems in the Anthropocene under the long-term influence of diverse human perturbations.Soil dissolved organic matter(DOM)is an active fraction within the carbon cycle in mangrove ecosystems.However,it remains unclear how human perturbations regulate DOM dynamics.
基金This study was funded by the Institute of Research and Community Services(LPPM),Universitas Brawijaya,through Hibah Penguatan Ekosistem Riset Guru Besar Funding No.1759.1.18/UN10.C20/2023.
文摘East Java's mangrove ecosystems are exceptionally susceptible to contamination by anthropogenic ac-tivities and degradable marine debris,including plastic.This study aimed to investigate the shapes and distribution of microplastics(MPs)in sediment,water,and wild crabs,as well as the correlation.Wild crabs,sediment,and water originated from ten distinct mangrove ecosystems dispersed throughout northern and southern East Java.The MPs were extracted using digestion and density separation methods.The research identified six discrete shapes of MPs in sediment and water:fiber,fragment,foam,film,pellet,and microbead.The identified MPs were distributed in varying concentrations across various sites.Fibers were prevalent in the majority of water,ranging from 2.5 to 24.90 particles.L^(-1),with the exception of Gedangan(GD)and Dubibir(DB),whose proportion was relatively low.For the sediments,the seven sites contained a greater proportion of fragments ranging from 1.53 to 1.69 particles.g^(-1) dw as compared to surface waters.Additionally,each wild crab contained 48 particles identified in the gills and digestive tracts(GIT).Fiber constituted more than 60%of the total MPs,making it the most prevalent shape in the wild crabs.However,this variety was not preferred.Correlation analysis revealed connec-tions between MPs found in sediment and their presence in crab gills and GIT(p<0.01).This highlights the potential hazards of biomagnification in East Java's mangrove ecosystems.Factor analysis revealed the influential factors that contribute to pollution in the marine protected areas,emphasizing the intricate nature of coastal contamination.This work enhances comprehension of the distribution and consequences of MPs in mangrove ecosystems,underscoring the necessity for comprehensive efforts to mitigate their effects.
基金funded by Mangrove Cluster Research under Institute of Oceanographic and Maritime Studies (INOCEM), International Islamic University Malaysia
文摘We examined the impact of various coastal developments on mangrove cover along the Kilim River, Langkawi Island, Malaysia between 1996 and 2008. We analysed images from Systeme Probatoire d＇Observation de la Tarre （SPOT） of Kilim River using supervised classification and Principal Component Analysis （PCA）. Over 8% （176.83 ha] of mangrove cover was degraded along the Kilim River from its total area of 2153.07 ha during the past 14 years. We identified several causes of mangrove degradation, including mangrove clearing （38%）, mangrove conversion to commercial area （21%）, residential area （19%）, agriculture （12%）, aquaculture （12%） and wake current （6%）. Langkawi is one of the main tourism islands in Malaysia. Tthe pace of coastal development throughout the entire island including Kilim River had suppressed the mangroves propagation over the years. Long term monitoring of mangrove ecosystems is essentials to ensure the survival and sustainability of mangrove associated biodiversity.
文摘Mangrove forests in southern Iran are of high ecological and economic importance.These forests are being threatened because of uncontrolled harvesting to provide fodder for livestock.The objective of this study is to provide recommendations for appropriate harvesting intensities by quantifying the effect of different harvesting intensities on vegetative and vigor characteristics of mangrove trees.This study was conducted using a randomized complete block design comprising four treatments(10.00%,20.00%,and 30.00% trimming,along with a control)replicated three times.Vegetative characteristics were measured before and after trimming(five-year period)and analyzed using generalized linear model statistical analysis.The growths of the average diameter of canopy,canopy area,canopy volume,canopy height,tree height,and collar diameter in the control treatment were all significantly higher than those in the trimming treatments.In addition,there was a decreasing trend in leaf fresh and dry mass,leaf area index,total area of canopy leaves,and health status of tree in the trimming treatments.For example,the percentage change in fresh and dry leaf mass in the control treatment was positive(29.87% and 38.31%,respectively),whereas the trimming treatments of 10.00%,20.00% and 30.00% had negative effects(-7.01% and -4.79%,-11.32% and -14.30%,and -15.84% and -17.29%,respectively).In addition,the changes in leaf area index in the control(4.95%)and 30.00% trimming(-24.57%)treatments were the highest and lowest,respectively.The percentage change in soil organic matter in the control,10.00%,20.00%,and 30.00% treatments were 22.94%,-9.90%,-16.91%,and -18.68%,respectively.The study demonstrated that gray mangrove trees were highly sensitive to canopy trimming,with even minimal trimming intensities negatively affecting vegetative growth and soil organic matter.Therefore,it is recommended that cutting and trimming of mangrove trees should be prevented even at low intensity to preserve mangrove ecosystem health and resilience against environmental stressors.
基金the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province(No.2020CXGC010703)the Key Project of the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2020 KB021)。
文摘Continued innovation in screening methodologies remains important for the discovery of high-quality multiactive fungi,which have been of great significance to the development of new drugs.Mangrove-derived fungi,which are well recognized as prolific sources of natural products,are worth sustained attention and further study.In this study,118 fungi,which mainly included Aspergillus spp.(34.62%)and Penicillium spp.(15.38%),were isolated from the mangrove ecosystem of the Maowei Sea,and 83.1%of the cultured fungi showed at least one bioactivity in four antibacterial and three antioxidant assays.To accurately evaluate the fungal bioactivities,the fungi with multiple bioactivities were successfully evaluated and screened by principal component analysis(PCA),and this analysis provided a dataset for comparing and selecting multibioactive fungi.Among the 118 mangrove-derived fungi tested in this study,Aspergillus spp.showed the best comprehensive activity.Fungi such as A.clavatonanicus,A.flavipes and A.citrinoterreus,which exhibited high comprehensive bioactivity as determined by the PCA,have great potential in the exploitation of natural products and the development of new drugs.This study demonstrated the first use of PCA as a time-saving,scientific method with a strong ability to evaluate and screen multiactive fungi,which indicated that this method can affect the discovery and development of new drugs.
基金Fujian Natural Science Fund under contract No.D002-002
文摘The purpose of this study was to investigate the accumulation behavior of two typical PAHs, phenanthrene （PHE） and fluoranthene （FLA）, uptaken by the mangrove Kandelia candel in various treated sandy soils. The experiment lasted for three months. Soil and plant samples were collected after 3, 6, 9 and 13 weeks of the incubation and the levels of PAHs were analyzed using a GC/MS （HP6890-5975B）. The results showed that the root accumulations of PHE and FLA were elevated with the increase of the PAH concentrations in the soil. With prolonged exposure time, PHE and FLA concentrations of the roots increased significantly in comparison with the control. PHE and FLA concentrations of root after 13 weeks of treatment ranged from 0.28 to 4.36 #g.g-1 and 0.79 to 35.76 pg.g 1 respectively. The calculated mean values of the root concentration factors were 0.58 for PHE and 0.71 for FLA. This indicated that root accumulation of FLA was greater than PHE, which would result from the higher octanol-water partition coefficient （Kow） of FLA. These results underline the ability of mangroves to remove PAHs from contaminated marine substrates and hence their potential use in bioremediation and the removal of PAHs from the marine food chain.
文摘Mangrove ecosystems are important for global carbon sequestration,with their soils storing approximately 1.71±0.17 Mg C ha−1 yr−1 of organic carbon.However,these ecosystems face challenge of degradation at a rate of nearly 42%as observed in the past decade in India.Moreover,degraded mangroves have become an integral part of the wetland ecosystems in Sundarbans.In this study,we investigate the geochemical interactions influencing soil carbon sequestration potential in degraded mangrove soils of the Indian Sundarbans.Soil samples were collected from three major estuaries:Bidyadhari,Hooghly and Matla up to 5 metre depths(at 1 m interval)with replications.Samples were analysed for total carbon(TC),soil organic carbon(SOC),major oxide compositions,trace element concentrations,and clay minerals.TC(0.67-0.94%)and SOC(0.58-0.73%)showed highest concentrations at 0-1 m soil depth due to greater organic inputs and declined with depth across all sites.Silicon dioxide(46%-51%)and aluminium oxide(18%-23%)were observed in higher concentrations across all sites which may contribute to clay-humus complexes with the potential to stabilize organic carbon.Trace elements showed stratified distributions influenced by redox cycling,tidal inputs,and anthropogenic inputs,particularly in Hooghly and Bidyadhari estuaries.Presence of Chromium(Cr),manganese(Mn)and zinc(Zn)indicated the potential to form insoluble oxides and hydroxides that could act as adsorption sites for organic carbon,thereby enhancing its stability.Secondary clay minerals like glauconite and argentopyrite indicated stable soil matrices that further supported carbon stabilization.This study emphasizes the geochemical characteristics of Sundarban degraded mangrove system in relation to carbon sequestration potential and factors influencing the soil carbon dynamics.
