Anthracnose is a fungal disease caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, which is one of themain causes of mango rotting and deterioration, so it is important to control anthracnose.The calendula essential oil is a v...Anthracnose is a fungal disease caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, which is one of themain causes of mango rotting and deterioration, so it is important to control anthracnose.The calendula essential oil is a volatile constituent extracted from calendula officinalis,which has attracted attention from researchers worldwide because of its excellentantimicrobial and antioxidant activities. However, studies on the antifungal mechanism ofcalendula essential oil and its active constituents against C. gloeosporioides have not beenreported. Therefore, this paper preliminarily evaluated the anti-C. gloeosporioides activity ofcalendula officinalis essential oil and its main active constituent geraniol. We found thatgeraniol induced a reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst by modulating the expression of theNADPH oxidase subunit NoxR gene. Moreover, the activities of catalase (CAT), peroxidase(POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH) increased withincreasing geraniol concentration, which demonstrated that the pro-oxidant property ofgeraniol was one of the main reasons for its inhibition of C. gloeosporioides growth.Furthermore, we found that geraniol induced apoptosis in C. gloeosporioides in adose-dependent manner. In conclusion, these results provide a new reference for futureexploration of the antifungal mechanism of geraniol against C. gloeosporioides.展开更多
Mango farming significantly contributes to the economy,particularly in developing countries.However,mango trees are susceptible to various diseases caused by fungi,viruses,and bacteria,and diagnosing these diseases at...Mango farming significantly contributes to the economy,particularly in developing countries.However,mango trees are susceptible to various diseases caused by fungi,viruses,and bacteria,and diagnosing these diseases at an early stage is crucial to prevent their spread,which can lead to substantial losses.The development of deep learning models for detecting crop diseases is an active area of research in smart agriculture.This study focuses on mango plant diseases and employs the ConvNeXt and Vision Transformer(ViT)architectures.Two datasets were used.The first,MangoLeafBD,contains data for mango leaf diseases such as anthracnose,bacterial canker,gall midge,and powdery mildew.The second,SenMangoFruitDDS,includes data for mango fruit diseases such as Alternaria,Anthracnose,Black Mould Rot,Healthy,and Stem and Rot.Both datasets were obtained from publicly available sources.The proposed model achieved an accuracy of 99.87%on the MangoLeafBD dataset and 98.40%on the MangoFruitDDS dataset.The results demonstrate that ConvNeXt and ViT models can effectively diagnose mango diseases,enabling farmers to identify these conditions more efficiently.The system contributes to increased mango production and minimizes economic losses by reducing the time and effort needed for manual diagnostics.Additionally,the proposed system is integrated into a mobile application that utilizes the model as a backend to detect mango diseases instantly.展开更多
Mango(Mangifera indica L.)is a tropical fruit that is widely consumed as both fresh fruits and processed products around the world.The high incidence of mango allergy,on the other hand,has sparked widespread concern.T...Mango(Mangifera indica L.)is a tropical fruit that is widely consumed as both fresh fruits and processed products around the world.The high incidence of mango allergy,on the other hand,has sparked widespread concern.Therefore,a summary and analysis of the current status and issues in mango allergen research can guide in-depth study on the mechanism of mango allergy and reveal effective desensitization methods.We described the incidence of fruit allergy,as well as the mechanism and clinical symptoms of mango allergy,in this review.We also looked into the structural properties of mango allergens,the effect of processing methods on mango allergens,prediction methods for mango allergen epitopes,and the current state of research on mango cross-reactive allergens and preventive measures.Finally,the research directions and ideas for the future are proposed and discussed.展开更多
The growth rate method was adopted to measure the inhibitory effect of curcumin,tetrahydrocurcumin,demethoxycurcumin,and bisdemethoxycurcumin on the mycelial growth of Botrytis cinerea and Colletotrichum gloeosporioid...The growth rate method was adopted to measure the inhibitory effect of curcumin,tetrahydrocurcumin,demethoxycurcumin,and bisdemethoxycurcumin on the mycelial growth of Botrytis cinerea and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.The results showed that the four curcuminoids inhibited the mycelial growth of the two pathogens in a concentration-dependent manner.Bisdemethoxycurcumin at 600 mg/L exerted the strongest inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth of B.cinerea and C.gloeosporioides,with the relative inhibition rates of 98.19%and 100%,respectively;followed by demethoxycurcumin;curcumin exerted the worst inhibitory effect.Toxicity test results also showed that four curcuminoids all had a certain toxicity to B.cinerea and C.gloeosporioides,among which,bisdemethoxycurcumin exhibited the strongest toxicity,with the EC_(50)of 131.125 and 122.235 mg/L,respectively;while curcumin had the lowest toxicity,with the EC_(50)of 273.143 and 194.943 mg/L,respectively.展开更多
A study conducted on burgundy rabbits evaluated the effects of rations containing mango (Mangifera indica), avocado (Persea americana) and guava (Psidium guajava) powder. For this purpose, 36 rabbits (20 males and 16 ...A study conducted on burgundy rabbits evaluated the effects of rations containing mango (Mangifera indica), avocado (Persea americana) and guava (Psidium guajava) powder. For this purpose, 36 rabbits (20 males and 16 females) aged 60 to 70 days with an average weight of 1012 ± 133 g were divided randomly into 4 equal groups (T0, T1, T2 and T3) of 9 animals each according to body weight (bw). The rabbits were divided throughout the trial, the animals were fed, those of group T0 (control) with a standard feed without any type of leaf powder, while those of groups 1, 2 and 3 received the standard feed supplemented with Mangifera indica, Persea americana and Psidium guajava leaves powder at the rate of 0.5% respectively. After two months of treatment, the animals were fasted for 12 hours (20 h - 8 h) and sacrificed to evaluate carcass and digestive organ weights. The results revealed that the values of feed intake, live weight and weight gain were non-significantly (p > 0.05) increased in all animals regardless of the ration in reference to the control. The different leaves powder induced an increase in carcass yield in rabbits but this increase was only significant (p M. indica leaf powder (51.03 ± 0.24) as compared to the control (48.63 ± 0.74). Gut length was significantly increased in animals fed rations containing Psidium guajava and Persea americana leaves powder compared to the control. A significant increase in gut weight was observed in animals fed the Persea americana leaf supplemented ration. In general, mango leaf powder performed better than other types of powders.展开更多
[Objectives]The effects of stabilizers such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose,pectin,sodium alginate and xanthan gum on the stability of mango juice with skin were discussed using mango as the raw material.[Methods]Th...[Objectives]The effects of stabilizers such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose,pectin,sodium alginate and xanthan gum on the stability of mango juice with skin were discussed using mango as the raw material.[Methods]The formula and stability of mango beverage with skin were studied using mango juice with skin as the raw material.Four stabilizers,including pectin,sodium alginate and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose,were added to improve the stability of the juice.Based on single factor experiments and a response surface experiment,the stability model of mango juice was established to determine the best compound stabilizer.[Results]According to an orthogonal experiment on the stability of mango juice with skin,the optimum technical parameters were as follows:sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 0.20%,xanthan gum 0.08%,sodium alginate 0.18%,and pectin 0.14%,with which the optimal suspension stability was 69.12%.The optimum technical parameters from the response surface experiment were as follows:sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 0.199%,pectin 0.1185%,sodium alginate 0.163%,and xanthan gum 0.077%,with which the suspension stability was 70.32%.It was found that the stability of mango juice with skin obtained by the response surface experiment was better than that by the orthogonal experiment,and the order of factors affecting the stability of mango was sodium alginate(C)>sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(A)>pectin(D)>xanthan gum(B).[Conclusions]The formula of compound stabilizer for mango juice was optimized by the orthogonal experiment and the response surface method,providing a theoretical basis for the actual production of mango juice with skin.展开更多
Côte d’Ivoire is the third largest supplier of mangoes to the European market, after Brazil and Peru, and the leading exporter of mangoes to the African market. However, mango production is faced with the proble...Côte d’Ivoire is the third largest supplier of mangoes to the European market, after Brazil and Peru, and the leading exporter of mangoes to the African market. However, mango production is faced with the problem of fruit flies, which cause yields to fall. In order to combat fruit flies, a study was launched into the early detection of fruit flies at different phenological stages of the mango tree. The overall aim of the study is to help improve mango productivity through early detection of fruit flies at different phenological stages. Accordingly, a trapping system containing sexual attractants and insecticides was set up in the four cardinal directions of the mango orchard. Insects were collected once a week during the vegetative, flowering, mango development and mango ripening stages. Twelve fruit fly species in four genera and seven species were identified, with a high abundance of Bactrocera dorsalis ((265.64 ± 132.82) individuals) and Ceratitis cosyra ((171.87 ± 85.94) individuals). Fruit flies were most abundant at the maturity stage, with a high abundance of Bactrocera dorsalis species ((129.20 ± 46.15) individuals) and at the vegetative stage ((597.80 ± 214.07) individuals), and a high abundance of Ceratitis cosyra species at the flowering (111.26 ± 33.71) and mango development ((187.47 ± 62.64) individuals) stages. In conclusion, the phenological stages of mango influence the population of fruit flies in mango orchards.展开更多
The study evaluated the growth performance and carcass quality of COBB500 broilers fed two experimental rations incorporating feed and mango fine ED<sub>10</sub> for a batch of 83 birds, ED<sub>20<...The study evaluated the growth performance and carcass quality of COBB500 broilers fed two experimental rations incorporating feed and mango fine ED<sub>10</sub> for a batch of 83 birds, ED<sub>20</sub> (batch of 83 birds) in comparison with a commercial control ration CCD (84 birds). For this purpose, 250 day-old chicks of this breed were purchased in Korhogo and transported to Tengréla in Ivory Coast for rearing. The results show that substituting mango provender ans and mango seed flour for maize resulted in rations with costs per kgMS of 215.35FCFA, 2016.93FCFA and 320FCFA for the ED<sub>10</sub>, ED<sub>20</sub> and CCD rations respectively. The production costs per kg of chicken (FCPkgLW) of the CCD ration were significantly higher than those of the ED10 and ED<sub>20</sub> (p 0.05). ADGs were significantly different and decreasing from CCD, ED<sub>20</sub> to ED<sub>10</sub> (p 0.05). Average weights at 42nd day for ED<sub>20</sub> and CCD were homogeneous (p > 0.05) and significantly higher than for ED<sub>10</sub> (p 0.05). By day 49th the average weight of ED<sub>20</sub> had reached and exceeded that of CCD by day 42nd. PSLW, HCW and CCW were significantly different and decreasing from CCW, ED<sub>20</sub> to ED<sub>10</sub> (p 0.05). Average hot (HCY) and cooled (CCY) carcass yields of ED<sub>20</sub> and CCD rations were comparable (p > 0.05) and significantly higher than those of ED<sub>10</sub> ration (p = 0.009) and 0.003). Average drumstick and neck weights were significantly higher and lower for CCD, ED<sub>20</sub> and ED<sub>10</sub> (p 0.05). For all other parts of the cut, the average weights of the CCD ration were significantly higher (p 0.05) than those of the ED<sub>20</sub> and ED<sub>10</sub> rations, which were homogeneous (p 0.05). The incorporation of mango provender and mango seed flour in broiler rations offers the prospect of reduced production costs, less competition between man and animals over cereals, and lean meat production that is more appreciated than that of chickens fed conventional feed. As it stands, the ED<sub>20</sub> ration can be recommended as a growth diet for broilers. It would be necessary to determine the levels of anti-nutritional substances in mango feeds and to assess the in vivo digestibility of mango ingredients and the diets incorporating them.展开更多
The mango varieties Eldon, Haden, Paheri, Tommy Atkins, Zill and the accession SBMA-1 are among the 45 varieties and 47 accessions of mango identified in Burkina Faso. The aim of this study was to determine the physic...The mango varieties Eldon, Haden, Paheri, Tommy Atkins, Zill and the accession SBMA-1 are among the 45 varieties and 47 accessions of mango identified in Burkina Faso. The aim of this study was to determine the physico-chemical and nutritional parameters of these mango varieties and accessions for better valorization. Physicochemical and nutritional parameters were determined using standard methods. Results showed that the SBMA-1 accession recorded the highest mass (638.10 ± 106.67 g), pulp content (85.06% ± 3.93%), pulp/core (10.54 ± 1.97) and pulp/peel (12.03 ± 2.15) ratios, pH (3.61 ± 0.61) and titratable acidity content (0.99% ± 0.04%). The Paheri variety had the lowest mass (120.43 ± 25.97 g), the lowest water content (74.31% ± 0.07%) and the highest pH (5.11 ± 0.03);on the other hand, it recorded the highest ESS content (26.47% ± 0.06%) and the highest ESS/AT ratio (133.10 ± 7.25). Haden had the highest values for L* (55.41 ± 0.06);a* (10.94 ± 0.35) and ΔΕ (69.00 ± 0.12). The Eldon variety recorded the highest levels of total sugars (28.08% ± 5.8%), total protein (2.69% ± 1.14%) and the highest energy value (126.88 ± 25.55 kcal/100 g). The highest total fat content (0.50% ± 0.03%) was found in the Tommy Atkins variety. The Zill variety recorded the highest total ash content (0.95% ± 0.25%). The results also showed that the peel and pulp of the Zill variety had the highest levels of total phenolic compounds, at 5798.99 ± 16.95 mg EAG/100 g and 30.41 ± 0.1 mg EAG/100 g respectively. The present study is a contribution to knowledge of the nutritional characteristics of mango varieties produced in Burkina Faso. This could help guide the choice of mango varieties for orchard renewal, processing and fresh consumption.展开更多
The mango, a fruit of immense economic and dietary significance in numerous tropical and subtropical regions, plays a pivotal role in our agricultural landscape. Accurate identification is not just a necessity, but a ...The mango, a fruit of immense economic and dietary significance in numerous tropical and subtropical regions, plays a pivotal role in our agricultural landscape. Accurate identification is not just a necessity, but a crucial step for effective classification, sorting, and marketing. This study delves into the potential of machine learning for this task, comparing the performance of four models: MobileNetV2, Xception, VGG16, and ResNet50V2. These models were trained on a dataset of annotated mango images, and their performance was evaluated using precision, accuracy, F1 score, and recall, which are standard metrics for image classification. The Xception model, with its exceptional performance, outshone the other models on all performance indicators. It achieved a staggering accuracy of 99.47%, an F1 score of 99.43%, and a recall of 99.43%, showcasing its remarkable ability to accurately identify mango varieties. MobileNetV2 followed closely with performances of 98.95% accuracy, 98.85% F1 score, and 98.86% recall. ResNet50V2 also delivered satisfactory results with 97.39% accuracy, 97.08% F1 score, and 97.17% recall. VGG16, however, was the least effective, with a precision rate of 83.25%, an F1 score of 83.25%, and a recall of 85.47%. These results confirm the superiority of the Xception model in detecting mango varieties. Its advanced architecture allows it to capture more distinguishing features of mango images, leading to greater precision and reliability. Xception’s robustness in identifying true positives is another advantage, minimizing false positives and contributing to more accurate classification. This study highlights the promising potential of machine learning, particularly the Xception model, for accurately identifying mango varieties.展开更多
Mango seed and palm oils were modified by alcoholysis and esterification process, to form alkyd resin, which is generally used in surface coatings and adhesives. N-hexane was used to extract the mango seed oil, while,...Mango seed and palm oils were modified by alcoholysis and esterification process, to form alkyd resin, which is generally used in surface coatings and adhesives. N-hexane was used to extract the mango seed oil, while, palm oil was manually isolated by pressing method after heating to softness. Some physio-chemical properties, like, percentage yield, saponification value, acid value, iodine value, refractive index, etc., were carried out according to standards to determine the suitability of the oils in bio-resin synthesis. The colour intensity of the alkyd resins were tested using Gardner scale, elasticity by viscometer, hardness, chemical resistance, and other properties of the alkyd resin were tested according to standard. The Infra-Red (IR) spectra of the raw oils and their respective alkyd resins were determined before modification. Palm oil alkyd resin exhibited a characteristic straight chain of ester functional group at 1738.64 cm−1 and aromatic (C=C) ring of ester at 1730.09 cm−1 while, mango seed oil alkyd resin showed spectrum of strong peaks at 11698 cm−1 with stretching frequency to 1240 cm−1, 1221 cm−1, 1188 cm−1, indicating the presence of a carbon atom single bonded to oxygen. The hardness, glossy tests, drying time, chemical resistance, etc., of the sample alkyd resins compared well to the commercial grade alkyd resin.展开更多
Metal trace elements (MTE) are among the most harmful micropollutants of natural waters. Eliminating them helps improve the quality and safety of drinking water and protect human health. In this work, we used mango ke...Metal trace elements (MTE) are among the most harmful micropollutants of natural waters. Eliminating them helps improve the quality and safety of drinking water and protect human health. In this work, we used mango kernel powder (MKP) as bioadsorbent material for removal of Cr (VI) from water. Uv-visible spectroscopy was used to monitor and quantify Cr (VI) during processing using the Beer-Lambert formula. Some parameters such as pH, mango powder, mass and contact time were optimized to determine adsorption capacity and chromium removal rate. Adsorption kinetics, equilibrium, isotherms and thermodynamic parameters such as ΔG˚, ΔH˚, and ΔS˚, as well as FTIR were studied to better understand the Cr (VI) removal process by MKP. The adsorption capacity reached 94.87 mg/g, for an optimal contact time of 30 min at 298 K. The obtained results are in accordance with a pseudo-second order Freundlich adsorption isotherm model. Finally FTIR was used to monitor the evolution of absorption bands, while Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) were used to evaluate surface properties and morphology of the adsorbent.展开更多
An experiment was conducted to test the efficacy of a mechanical barrier around the tree trunk with one spray of Cypermethrin @ 1 ml/l and turmeric powder extract @ 15 g/500ml of water applied in integrated approaches...An experiment was conducted to test the efficacy of a mechanical barrier around the tree trunk with one spray of Cypermethrin @ 1 ml/l and turmeric powder extract @ 15 g/500ml of water applied in integrated approaches against mango mealybug on mango tree. There were 7 treatments including a control. The treatments were Mechanical barrier, Cypermethrin spray @ 1 ml/l, Turmeric powder spray @ 15 g/500ml of water, Cypermethrin spray + Turmeric spray, Cypermethrin spray + Mechanical barrier, Turmeric + Mechanical barrier and untreated control. Three-year-old mango plants grafted from a 5-year-old mango tree (Variety Amropali) and planted in pots were used in the experiment. The treatment, Cypermethrin spray + Mechanical barrier gave the highest reduction of mango mealybug population 87.06% to 93.90% followed by Turmeric spray + Mechanical barrier and showed 81.13% to 86.04% and Mechanical barrier alone showed 81.13% to 84.59% population reduction. Turmeric powder extract showed only (8.42% to 23.77%) population reduction of mango mealybug which was lowest compared to other treatments.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32202192)The special fund for Taishan Scholars project(tsqn202211195).
文摘Anthracnose is a fungal disease caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, which is one of themain causes of mango rotting and deterioration, so it is important to control anthracnose.The calendula essential oil is a volatile constituent extracted from calendula officinalis,which has attracted attention from researchers worldwide because of its excellentantimicrobial and antioxidant activities. However, studies on the antifungal mechanism ofcalendula essential oil and its active constituents against C. gloeosporioides have not beenreported. Therefore, this paper preliminarily evaluated the anti-C. gloeosporioides activity ofcalendula officinalis essential oil and its main active constituent geraniol. We found thatgeraniol induced a reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst by modulating the expression of theNADPH oxidase subunit NoxR gene. Moreover, the activities of catalase (CAT), peroxidase(POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH) increased withincreasing geraniol concentration, which demonstrated that the pro-oxidant property ofgeraniol was one of the main reasons for its inhibition of C. gloeosporioides growth.Furthermore, we found that geraniol induced apoptosis in C. gloeosporioides in adose-dependent manner. In conclusion, these results provide a new reference for futureexploration of the antifungal mechanism of geraniol against C. gloeosporioides.
基金funded by Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University and Researchers Supporting Project number(PNURSP2025R346)Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘Mango farming significantly contributes to the economy,particularly in developing countries.However,mango trees are susceptible to various diseases caused by fungi,viruses,and bacteria,and diagnosing these diseases at an early stage is crucial to prevent their spread,which can lead to substantial losses.The development of deep learning models for detecting crop diseases is an active area of research in smart agriculture.This study focuses on mango plant diseases and employs the ConvNeXt and Vision Transformer(ViT)architectures.Two datasets were used.The first,MangoLeafBD,contains data for mango leaf diseases such as anthracnose,bacterial canker,gall midge,and powdery mildew.The second,SenMangoFruitDDS,includes data for mango fruit diseases such as Alternaria,Anthracnose,Black Mould Rot,Healthy,and Stem and Rot.Both datasets were obtained from publicly available sources.The proposed model achieved an accuracy of 99.87%on the MangoLeafBD dataset and 98.40%on the MangoFruitDDS dataset.The results demonstrate that ConvNeXt and ViT models can effectively diagnose mango diseases,enabling farmers to identify these conditions more efficiently.The system contributes to increased mango production and minimizes economic losses by reducing the time and effort needed for manual diagnostics.Additionally,the proposed system is integrated into a mobile application that utilizes the model as a backend to detect mango diseases instantly.
基金supported by National Science and Technology Major Project of China (2019YFC1605002)National Natural Science Foundation of China (31872886)。
文摘Mango(Mangifera indica L.)is a tropical fruit that is widely consumed as both fresh fruits and processed products around the world.The high incidence of mango allergy,on the other hand,has sparked widespread concern.Therefore,a summary and analysis of the current status and issues in mango allergen research can guide in-depth study on the mechanism of mango allergy and reveal effective desensitization methods.We described the incidence of fruit allergy,as well as the mechanism and clinical symptoms of mango allergy,in this review.We also looked into the structural properties of mango allergens,the effect of processing methods on mango allergens,prediction methods for mango allergen epitopes,and the current state of research on mango cross-reactive allergens and preventive measures.Finally,the research directions and ideas for the future are proposed and discussed.
文摘The growth rate method was adopted to measure the inhibitory effect of curcumin,tetrahydrocurcumin,demethoxycurcumin,and bisdemethoxycurcumin on the mycelial growth of Botrytis cinerea and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.The results showed that the four curcuminoids inhibited the mycelial growth of the two pathogens in a concentration-dependent manner.Bisdemethoxycurcumin at 600 mg/L exerted the strongest inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth of B.cinerea and C.gloeosporioides,with the relative inhibition rates of 98.19%and 100%,respectively;followed by demethoxycurcumin;curcumin exerted the worst inhibitory effect.Toxicity test results also showed that four curcuminoids all had a certain toxicity to B.cinerea and C.gloeosporioides,among which,bisdemethoxycurcumin exhibited the strongest toxicity,with the EC_(50)of 131.125 and 122.235 mg/L,respectively;while curcumin had the lowest toxicity,with the EC_(50)of 273.143 and 194.943 mg/L,respectively.
文摘A study conducted on burgundy rabbits evaluated the effects of rations containing mango (Mangifera indica), avocado (Persea americana) and guava (Psidium guajava) powder. For this purpose, 36 rabbits (20 males and 16 females) aged 60 to 70 days with an average weight of 1012 ± 133 g were divided randomly into 4 equal groups (T0, T1, T2 and T3) of 9 animals each according to body weight (bw). The rabbits were divided throughout the trial, the animals were fed, those of group T0 (control) with a standard feed without any type of leaf powder, while those of groups 1, 2 and 3 received the standard feed supplemented with Mangifera indica, Persea americana and Psidium guajava leaves powder at the rate of 0.5% respectively. After two months of treatment, the animals were fasted for 12 hours (20 h - 8 h) and sacrificed to evaluate carcass and digestive organ weights. The results revealed that the values of feed intake, live weight and weight gain were non-significantly (p > 0.05) increased in all animals regardless of the ration in reference to the control. The different leaves powder induced an increase in carcass yield in rabbits but this increase was only significant (p M. indica leaf powder (51.03 ± 0.24) as compared to the control (48.63 ± 0.74). Gut length was significantly increased in animals fed rations containing Psidium guajava and Persea americana leaves powder compared to the control. A significant increase in gut weight was observed in animals fed the Persea americana leaf supplemented ration. In general, mango leaf powder performed better than other types of powders.
基金Supported by Doctoral Research Start-up Fund of Department of Science&Technology of Liaoning Province (2021-BS-250)Doctoral Research Start-up Fund of Liaoning Institute of Science and Technology (2307B16)College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of Liaoning Institute of Science and Technology (202311430048).
文摘[Objectives]The effects of stabilizers such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose,pectin,sodium alginate and xanthan gum on the stability of mango juice with skin were discussed using mango as the raw material.[Methods]The formula and stability of mango beverage with skin were studied using mango juice with skin as the raw material.Four stabilizers,including pectin,sodium alginate and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose,were added to improve the stability of the juice.Based on single factor experiments and a response surface experiment,the stability model of mango juice was established to determine the best compound stabilizer.[Results]According to an orthogonal experiment on the stability of mango juice with skin,the optimum technical parameters were as follows:sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 0.20%,xanthan gum 0.08%,sodium alginate 0.18%,and pectin 0.14%,with which the optimal suspension stability was 69.12%.The optimum technical parameters from the response surface experiment were as follows:sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 0.199%,pectin 0.1185%,sodium alginate 0.163%,and xanthan gum 0.077%,with which the suspension stability was 70.32%.It was found that the stability of mango juice with skin obtained by the response surface experiment was better than that by the orthogonal experiment,and the order of factors affecting the stability of mango was sodium alginate(C)>sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(A)>pectin(D)>xanthan gum(B).[Conclusions]The formula of compound stabilizer for mango juice was optimized by the orthogonal experiment and the response surface method,providing a theoretical basis for the actual production of mango juice with skin.
文摘Côte d’Ivoire is the third largest supplier of mangoes to the European market, after Brazil and Peru, and the leading exporter of mangoes to the African market. However, mango production is faced with the problem of fruit flies, which cause yields to fall. In order to combat fruit flies, a study was launched into the early detection of fruit flies at different phenological stages of the mango tree. The overall aim of the study is to help improve mango productivity through early detection of fruit flies at different phenological stages. Accordingly, a trapping system containing sexual attractants and insecticides was set up in the four cardinal directions of the mango orchard. Insects were collected once a week during the vegetative, flowering, mango development and mango ripening stages. Twelve fruit fly species in four genera and seven species were identified, with a high abundance of Bactrocera dorsalis ((265.64 ± 132.82) individuals) and Ceratitis cosyra ((171.87 ± 85.94) individuals). Fruit flies were most abundant at the maturity stage, with a high abundance of Bactrocera dorsalis species ((129.20 ± 46.15) individuals) and at the vegetative stage ((597.80 ± 214.07) individuals), and a high abundance of Ceratitis cosyra species at the flowering (111.26 ± 33.71) and mango development ((187.47 ± 62.64) individuals) stages. In conclusion, the phenological stages of mango influence the population of fruit flies in mango orchards.
文摘The study evaluated the growth performance and carcass quality of COBB500 broilers fed two experimental rations incorporating feed and mango fine ED<sub>10</sub> for a batch of 83 birds, ED<sub>20</sub> (batch of 83 birds) in comparison with a commercial control ration CCD (84 birds). For this purpose, 250 day-old chicks of this breed were purchased in Korhogo and transported to Tengréla in Ivory Coast for rearing. The results show that substituting mango provender ans and mango seed flour for maize resulted in rations with costs per kgMS of 215.35FCFA, 2016.93FCFA and 320FCFA for the ED<sub>10</sub>, ED<sub>20</sub> and CCD rations respectively. The production costs per kg of chicken (FCPkgLW) of the CCD ration were significantly higher than those of the ED10 and ED<sub>20</sub> (p 0.05). ADGs were significantly different and decreasing from CCD, ED<sub>20</sub> to ED<sub>10</sub> (p 0.05). Average weights at 42nd day for ED<sub>20</sub> and CCD were homogeneous (p > 0.05) and significantly higher than for ED<sub>10</sub> (p 0.05). By day 49th the average weight of ED<sub>20</sub> had reached and exceeded that of CCD by day 42nd. PSLW, HCW and CCW were significantly different and decreasing from CCW, ED<sub>20</sub> to ED<sub>10</sub> (p 0.05). Average hot (HCY) and cooled (CCY) carcass yields of ED<sub>20</sub> and CCD rations were comparable (p > 0.05) and significantly higher than those of ED<sub>10</sub> ration (p = 0.009) and 0.003). Average drumstick and neck weights were significantly higher and lower for CCD, ED<sub>20</sub> and ED<sub>10</sub> (p 0.05). For all other parts of the cut, the average weights of the CCD ration were significantly higher (p 0.05) than those of the ED<sub>20</sub> and ED<sub>10</sub> rations, which were homogeneous (p 0.05). The incorporation of mango provender and mango seed flour in broiler rations offers the prospect of reduced production costs, less competition between man and animals over cereals, and lean meat production that is more appreciated than that of chickens fed conventional feed. As it stands, the ED<sub>20</sub> ration can be recommended as a growth diet for broilers. It would be necessary to determine the levels of anti-nutritional substances in mango feeds and to assess the in vivo digestibility of mango ingredients and the diets incorporating them.
文摘The mango varieties Eldon, Haden, Paheri, Tommy Atkins, Zill and the accession SBMA-1 are among the 45 varieties and 47 accessions of mango identified in Burkina Faso. The aim of this study was to determine the physico-chemical and nutritional parameters of these mango varieties and accessions for better valorization. Physicochemical and nutritional parameters were determined using standard methods. Results showed that the SBMA-1 accession recorded the highest mass (638.10 ± 106.67 g), pulp content (85.06% ± 3.93%), pulp/core (10.54 ± 1.97) and pulp/peel (12.03 ± 2.15) ratios, pH (3.61 ± 0.61) and titratable acidity content (0.99% ± 0.04%). The Paheri variety had the lowest mass (120.43 ± 25.97 g), the lowest water content (74.31% ± 0.07%) and the highest pH (5.11 ± 0.03);on the other hand, it recorded the highest ESS content (26.47% ± 0.06%) and the highest ESS/AT ratio (133.10 ± 7.25). Haden had the highest values for L* (55.41 ± 0.06);a* (10.94 ± 0.35) and ΔΕ (69.00 ± 0.12). The Eldon variety recorded the highest levels of total sugars (28.08% ± 5.8%), total protein (2.69% ± 1.14%) and the highest energy value (126.88 ± 25.55 kcal/100 g). The highest total fat content (0.50% ± 0.03%) was found in the Tommy Atkins variety. The Zill variety recorded the highest total ash content (0.95% ± 0.25%). The results also showed that the peel and pulp of the Zill variety had the highest levels of total phenolic compounds, at 5798.99 ± 16.95 mg EAG/100 g and 30.41 ± 0.1 mg EAG/100 g respectively. The present study is a contribution to knowledge of the nutritional characteristics of mango varieties produced in Burkina Faso. This could help guide the choice of mango varieties for orchard renewal, processing and fresh consumption.
文摘The mango, a fruit of immense economic and dietary significance in numerous tropical and subtropical regions, plays a pivotal role in our agricultural landscape. Accurate identification is not just a necessity, but a crucial step for effective classification, sorting, and marketing. This study delves into the potential of machine learning for this task, comparing the performance of four models: MobileNetV2, Xception, VGG16, and ResNet50V2. These models were trained on a dataset of annotated mango images, and their performance was evaluated using precision, accuracy, F1 score, and recall, which are standard metrics for image classification. The Xception model, with its exceptional performance, outshone the other models on all performance indicators. It achieved a staggering accuracy of 99.47%, an F1 score of 99.43%, and a recall of 99.43%, showcasing its remarkable ability to accurately identify mango varieties. MobileNetV2 followed closely with performances of 98.95% accuracy, 98.85% F1 score, and 98.86% recall. ResNet50V2 also delivered satisfactory results with 97.39% accuracy, 97.08% F1 score, and 97.17% recall. VGG16, however, was the least effective, with a precision rate of 83.25%, an F1 score of 83.25%, and a recall of 85.47%. These results confirm the superiority of the Xception model in detecting mango varieties. Its advanced architecture allows it to capture more distinguishing features of mango images, leading to greater precision and reliability. Xception’s robustness in identifying true positives is another advantage, minimizing false positives and contributing to more accurate classification. This study highlights the promising potential of machine learning, particularly the Xception model, for accurately identifying mango varieties.
文摘Mango seed and palm oils were modified by alcoholysis and esterification process, to form alkyd resin, which is generally used in surface coatings and adhesives. N-hexane was used to extract the mango seed oil, while, palm oil was manually isolated by pressing method after heating to softness. Some physio-chemical properties, like, percentage yield, saponification value, acid value, iodine value, refractive index, etc., were carried out according to standards to determine the suitability of the oils in bio-resin synthesis. The colour intensity of the alkyd resins were tested using Gardner scale, elasticity by viscometer, hardness, chemical resistance, and other properties of the alkyd resin were tested according to standard. The Infra-Red (IR) spectra of the raw oils and their respective alkyd resins were determined before modification. Palm oil alkyd resin exhibited a characteristic straight chain of ester functional group at 1738.64 cm−1 and aromatic (C=C) ring of ester at 1730.09 cm−1 while, mango seed oil alkyd resin showed spectrum of strong peaks at 11698 cm−1 with stretching frequency to 1240 cm−1, 1221 cm−1, 1188 cm−1, indicating the presence of a carbon atom single bonded to oxygen. The hardness, glossy tests, drying time, chemical resistance, etc., of the sample alkyd resins compared well to the commercial grade alkyd resin.
文摘Metal trace elements (MTE) are among the most harmful micropollutants of natural waters. Eliminating them helps improve the quality and safety of drinking water and protect human health. In this work, we used mango kernel powder (MKP) as bioadsorbent material for removal of Cr (VI) from water. Uv-visible spectroscopy was used to monitor and quantify Cr (VI) during processing using the Beer-Lambert formula. Some parameters such as pH, mango powder, mass and contact time were optimized to determine adsorption capacity and chromium removal rate. Adsorption kinetics, equilibrium, isotherms and thermodynamic parameters such as ΔG˚, ΔH˚, and ΔS˚, as well as FTIR were studied to better understand the Cr (VI) removal process by MKP. The adsorption capacity reached 94.87 mg/g, for an optimal contact time of 30 min at 298 K. The obtained results are in accordance with a pseudo-second order Freundlich adsorption isotherm model. Finally FTIR was used to monitor the evolution of absorption bands, while Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) were used to evaluate surface properties and morphology of the adsorbent.
文摘An experiment was conducted to test the efficacy of a mechanical barrier around the tree trunk with one spray of Cypermethrin @ 1 ml/l and turmeric powder extract @ 15 g/500ml of water applied in integrated approaches against mango mealybug on mango tree. There were 7 treatments including a control. The treatments were Mechanical barrier, Cypermethrin spray @ 1 ml/l, Turmeric powder spray @ 15 g/500ml of water, Cypermethrin spray + Turmeric spray, Cypermethrin spray + Mechanical barrier, Turmeric + Mechanical barrier and untreated control. Three-year-old mango plants grafted from a 5-year-old mango tree (Variety Amropali) and planted in pots were used in the experiment. The treatment, Cypermethrin spray + Mechanical barrier gave the highest reduction of mango mealybug population 87.06% to 93.90% followed by Turmeric spray + Mechanical barrier and showed 81.13% to 86.04% and Mechanical barrier alone showed 81.13% to 84.59% population reduction. Turmeric powder extract showed only (8.42% to 23.77%) population reduction of mango mealybug which was lowest compared to other treatments.
