To address the challenge of balancing thermal management and thermal runaway mitigation,it is crucial to explore effective methods for enhancing the safety of lithium-ion battery systems.Herein,an innovative hydrated ...To address the challenge of balancing thermal management and thermal runaway mitigation,it is crucial to explore effective methods for enhancing the safety of lithium-ion battery systems.Herein,an innovative hydrated salt composite phase change material(HSCPCM)with dual phase transition temperature zones has been proposed.This HSCPCM,denoted as SDMA10,combines hydrophilic modified expanded graphite,an acrylic emulsion coating,and eutectic hydrated salts to achieve leakage prevention,enhanced thermal stability,cycling stability,and superior phase change behavior.Battery modules incorporating SDMA10 demonstrate significant thermal control capabilities.Specifically,the cylindrical battery modules with SDMA10 can maintain maximum operating temperatures below 55°C at 4 C discharge rate,while prismatic battery modules can keep maximum operating temperatures below 65°C at 2 C discharge rate.In extreme battery overheating conditions simulated using heating plates,SDMA10 effectively suppresses thermal propagation.Even when the central heating plate reaches 300°C,the maximum temperature at the module edge heating plates remains below 85°C.Further,compared to organic composite phase change materials(CPCMs),the battery module with SDMA10 can further reduce the peak thermal runaway temperature by 93°C and delay the thermal runaway trigger time by 689 s,thereby significantly decreasing heat diffusion.Therefore,the designed HSCPCM integrates excellent latent heat storage and thermochemical storage capabilities,providing high thermal energy storage density within the thermal management and thermal runaway threshold temperature range.This research will offer a promising pathway for improving the thermal safety performance of battery packs in electric vehicles and other energy storage systems.展开更多
Journal Introduction″International Journal of Plant Engineering and Management″is in the charge of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People′s Republic of China,and organized by Northwestern Pol...Journal Introduction″International Journal of Plant Engineering and Management″is in the charge of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People′s Republic of China,and organized by Northwestern Polytechnical University.It is a kind of English aca-demic quarterly publication publicly issued at home and abroad.Plant engineering and management is a comprehensive interdisciplinary subject mainly reporting academic research on the application technology of equipment and industry management.It is of the characteristics of reporting both engineering and management while giving more priority to engineering as well as mechanics and electrics while giving priority to mechanics.Its contents involves technology,economy,management etc.展开更多
SCOPE Rice Science is an international peer-reviewed journal sponsored by China National Rice Research Institute and hosting by Elsevier B V.It publishes original research papers,reviews,experimental technique as well...SCOPE Rice Science is an international peer-reviewed journal sponsored by China National Rice Research Institute and hosting by Elsevier B V.It publishes original research papers,reviews,experimental technique as well as letters on rice science in English language.Some of the topics that may be included in each issue are:breeding and genetics,biotechnology,germplasm resources,agronomy,pest management,soil and fertilizer management and cereal chemistry.The full texts of Rice Science are available online at http://www.ricescience.org or http://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/rice-science.展开更多
Purpose-Interface management is the process of managing communications,responsibilities and coordination of project parties,phases or physical entities which are dependent on one another.Interface management is a cruc...Purpose-Interface management is the process of managing communications,responsibilities and coordination of project parties,phases or physical entities which are dependent on one another.Interface management is a crucial part of managing any construction project-but particularly important for high-speed railway projects that often have several contractual parties and stakeholders,very long project timelines and huge upfront cost overlays.This paper discusses how various project interfaces were managed during the design and construction of the civil engineering infrastructure for the High Speed Two(HS2)project in the United Kingdom.Design/methodology/approach-The paper uses the case study methodology.Key interfaces on the HS2 project are grouped into various categories and the paper discusses how they were managed within the Area North Integrated Project Team(IPT)of the HS2 project made up of contractor Balfour Beatty VINCI(BBV),the Mott MacDonald SYSTRA Design Joint Venture(DJV)and client HS2 Ltd.3 different case studies drawn from across the IPT are used,each of them highlighting different interfaces and how these interfaces were managed.Findings-The paper shows how innovative technical designs and modern methods of construction were used to address some of the unique and peculiar challenges of designing a brand-new railway in the United Kingdom.Addressing the contrasting and often competing requirements of different stakeholders,coupled with challenging physical constraints of the very limited land available for the project and the use of a rarely used Act of Parliament in the delivery of the project required different approach to interface management.Collaboration and proactive stakeholder engagement are necessary for successful interface management on megaprojects.The authors posit that adopting an integrated approach to engineering and construction management is an essential ingredient for the successful delivery of high-speed railway projects.Originality/value-With many high-speed railway projects around the world coming up in the next few years,understanding the context and challenges for each country will help engineering and design managers adopt appropriate approaches for their projects.The lessons learned on the HS2 project are also transferable to other mega infrastructure projects with complex project interfaces.展开更多
With the development of autonomous driving technologies,modern vehicles are confronted with two major challenges.On one hand,the rapid growth in electronic control units and data-intensive applications has led to a sh...With the development of autonomous driving technologies,modern vehicles are confronted with two major challenges.On one hand,the rapid growth in electronic control units and data-intensive applications has led to a sharp increase in invehicle data traffic,thereby demanding much higher communication bandwidth,lower latency,and enhanced security.On the other hand,ensuring driving safety calls for more advanced thermal management systems,as traditional point-type sensors face deployment challenges due to their limited monitoring range.展开更多
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)and the hydrogen hybrid power system are studied by the fuzzy-PID(FPID)controlmethod and the fuzzy-PID controlmethod by Artificial Bee Colony algorithm(ABCFPID),respectivel...The proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)and the hydrogen hybrid power system are studied by the fuzzy-PID(FPID)controlmethod and the fuzzy-PID controlmethod by Artificial Bee Colony algorithm(ABCFPID),respectively.The results reveal that compared with the FPID control method,the temperature overshoot of the PEMFC stack under the ABC-FPID control method is decreased by 0.6%.Moreover,the circulating water flow rate within the full operating envelope(about 3 min)is reduced by 19.46 L,which means the ABC-FPID control method is more effective in regulating the stack temperature.Then,the ABC-FPID control method is proposed to study the hydrogen hybrid power system,and the system output power matching,operating characteristic curve of the fuel cell,state of charge(SOC)of the lithium battery,system efficiency and hydrogen demand are obtained.The results indicate that the maximum system efficiency reaches 46.3%,the average system efficiency is 33.8%,and the average hydrogen demand is 0.192 kg/s.Overall,the ABC-FPID control method can efficiently ensure the stability of the fuel cell’s output power,and actively prompt the lithium battery to fulfill the function of“peak shaving and valley filling”under variable load power conditions.展开更多
Understanding the complex interactions between human activities and ecosystem functions is a prerequisite for achieving sustainable development.Since the implementation of the“Grain for Green”Project in 1999,ecosyst...Understanding the complex interactions between human activities and ecosystem functions is a prerequisite for achieving sustainable development.Since the implementation of the“Grain for Green”Project in 1999,ecosystem functions in China’s Loess Plateau have significantly improved.However,intensified human activities have also exacerbated the pressures on the region’s fragile ecological environment.This study investigates the spatiotemporal variations in the human activity intensity index(HAI)and net ecosystem benefits(NEB)from 2000 to 2020,using expert-based assessments and an enhanced cost-benefit evaluation framework.Results indicate that HAI increased by 16.7% and 16.6% at the grid and county levels,respectively.NEB exhibited pronounced spatial heterogeneity,with a total increase of USD 36.2 trillion at the grid scale.At the county level,the average NEB rose by 75%.The degree of trade-off was higher at the grid scale than at the county scale,while the synergistic areas initially expanded and then declined at both scales.Key areas for improvement and regions of lagging development were identified as priority zones for ecological management and spatial planning at both spatial resolutions.This study offers scientific insights and practical guidance for harmonizing ecological conservation with high-quality development in ecologically vulnerable regions.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the application effect of intelligent empowerment standardized airway management process in patients receiving mechanical ventilation.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clin...Objective:To investigate the application effect of intelligent empowerment standardized airway management process in patients receiving mechanical ventilation.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 79 EICU inpatients who underwent tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation treatment at our hospital from January 2023 to May 2025.The patients were divided into a control group(conventional airway management process,n=40)and a study group(intelligent empowerment standardized airway management process,n=39)based on the intervention protocols they received.Oral health scores,dental plaque index,oral odor,serum inflammatory markers[C-reactive protein(CRP),procalcitonin(PCT)],clinical pulmonary infection score(CPIS),as well as the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP),duration of mechanical ventilation,and length of stay in the EICU were assessed before and after treatment.Results:The baseline values of all indicators were consistent between the two groups before intervention(p>0.05).After corresponding interventions,both groups showed significant improvements in Beck oral health scores,dental plaque index,and oral odor,with more pronounced improvements observed in the study group(p<0.05).After the intervention,the research group showed a significant decrease in serum CRP and PCT levels,as well as CPIS scores(p<0.05).In contrast,the control group experienced an increase in these three indicators to a certain extent(p<0.05).Moreover,the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP),duration of mechanical ventilation,and length of stay in the EICU were all lower in the research group compared to the control group,while the nurse’s compliance rate with the protocol was higher in the research group(p<0.05).Conclusion:The standardized airway management protocol empowered by intelligent technology can significantly improve nursing compliance,benefit oral health status,reduce the risk of pulmonary infection and systemic inflammation levels,and promote rapid patient recovery,demonstrating considerable potential for widespread adoption.展开更多
To address the severe challenges of PM_(2.5) and ozone co-control during the"14^(th) Five-Year Plan"period and to enhance the precision and intelligence level of air environment governance,it is imperative t...To address the severe challenges of PM_(2.5) and ozone co-control during the"14^(th) Five-Year Plan"period and to enhance the precision and intelligence level of air environment governance,it is imperative to build an efficient comprehensive management platform for regional air quality.In this paper,the specific practice in Zibo City,Shandong Province is as an example to systematically analyze the top-level design,technical implementation,and innovative application of a comprehensive management platform for regional air quality integrating"perception monitoring,data fusion,research judgment of early warnings,analysis of sources,collaborative dispatching,and evaluation assessment".Through the construction of an"sky-air-ground"integrated three-dimensional monitoring network,the platform integrates multi-source heterogeneous environmental data,and employs big data,cloud computing,artificial intelligence,CALPUFF/CMAQ,and other numerical model technologies to achieve comprehensive perception,precise prediction,intelligent source tracing,and closed-loop management of air pollution.The platform innovatively establishes a full-process closed-loop management mechanism of"data-early warning-disposition-evaluation",and achieves a fundamental transformation from passive response to active anticipation and from experience-based judgment to data driving in environmental supervision.The application results show that this platform significantly improves the scientific decision-making ability and collaborative execution efficiency of air pollution governance in Zibo City,providing a replicable and scalable comprehensive solution for similar industrial cities to achieve the continuous improvement of air quality.展开更多
Yam(Dioscorea opposita)is an important economic crop,and the development of its the cultivation tecchnology is of great significance for increasing yield,improving quality,and reducing the occurrence of pests and dise...Yam(Dioscorea opposita)is an important economic crop,and the development of its the cultivation tecchnology is of great significance for increasing yield,improving quality,and reducing the occurrence of pests and diseases.With the progression of agricultural technology and changes in market demands,the cultivation tecchnology of yam is constantly innovating and improving.This paper reviewed recent research advances in yam cultivation tecchnology,covering aspects such as soil improvement,variety selection,technological innovations,green pest control,and harvesting and storage.The goal is to provide references for the sustainable development of the yam industry.展开更多
Objective:For patients with hypertension complicated with diabetes mellitus,their health risks are not a simple sum but present complex interactive effects.Clarifying the clinical characteristics of such patients is t...Objective:For patients with hypertension complicated with diabetes mellitus,their health risks are not a simple sum but present complex interactive effects.Clarifying the clinical characteristics of such patients is the key to solving this medical problem.Methods:From June 2023 to June 2024,this study conducted a comparative study on 100 patients with hypertension complicated with diabetes mellitus and 100 patients with hypertension alone.By retrospectively analyzing clinical data of patients,the differences in disease manifestations,complication occurrence,and treatment effects between the two groups were explored in depth,and the unique challenges and treatment difficulties faced by patients with hypertension complicated with diabetes mellitus were identified.Results:Hypertensive patients with concurrent diabetes had more difficult blood glucose and blood pressure control,and were more prone to severe complications such as cardiovascular lesions and renal damage.Conclusion:The clinical characteristics and treatment needs of patients with hypertension complicated with diabetes mellitus are different from those with hypertension alone,and disease management should be more refined and personalized.展开更多
[Objectives]To analyze the clinical characteristics,distribution of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome types,spectrum of comorbidities,and complications among inpatients with gout.[Methods]Data from 592 gout pa...[Objectives]To analyze the clinical characteristics,distribution of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome types,spectrum of comorbidities,and complications among inpatients with gout.[Methods]Data from 592 gout patients admitted in the Department of Rheumatology at Wuxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital between January 2018 and December 2024 were retrospectively collected.The data collected encompassed patient gender,age,TCM syndrome types,underlying comorbidities,infection status,and major complications,including renal insufficiency,interstitial lung disease,and osteoporosis.Descriptive statistical analyses were subsequently performed.[Results]Among the 592 inpatients,80.75%were male and 19.25%were female.A total of 94.76%patients had at least one underlying condition,with hypertension(80.74%),cerebral infarction(29.59%),heart disease(24.24%),and diabetes(21.56%)being the most prevalent.The primary TCM syndrome types identified were damp-heat obstruction syndrome(63.51%)and phlegm-stasis obstruction syndrome(21.11%).During hospitalization,20.94%of patients experienced concurrent infections,predominantly pulmonary infections(38.10%).The principal complications observed included renal insufficiency(32.09%),interstitial lung disease(18.75%),and osteoporosis(9.29%).[Conclusions]Inpatients diagnosed with gout often present with complex conditions and a high burden of comorbidities,predominantly cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,as well as metabolic disorders.Additionally,there is a high incidence of infections and renal insufficiency within this population.TCM syndrome types in these patients are primarily characterized by damp-heat obstruction.In clinical practice,a comprehensive management approach that incorporates multidisciplinary collaboration is recommended.Alongside the control of uric acid levels and joint inflammation,proactive screening and management of comorbidities and related complications are essential.展开更多
Invasive pests and pathogens cause immense damage globally,costing an estimated US$248 billion to the agricultural industry alone.Vehicles,such as farming and timber harvesting machinery and transportation trucks,can ...Invasive pests and pathogens cause immense damage globally,costing an estimated US$248 billion to the agricultural industry alone.Vehicles,such as farming and timber harvesting machinery and transportation trucks,can facilitate the rapid spread of biological invaders over distances far greater and more quickly than their natural dispersal ability.Understanding how frequent trips by these vehicles increase the spread of invasive agricultural and forestry pests can help inform effective biosecurity procedures before,during,or after an incursion.We used a case study of timber transport trucks in Aotearoa New Zealand to examine whether and how vehicles facilitate the spread of soil-borne pathogens between commercial forest plantations.Our results show that long-distance dispersal associated with truck movement facilitated the introduction of oomycete-like pathogens in 97% of forest sites within only one year,with pathogen loads within infected sites predicted at 84%of the sites’carrying capacity.Implementing preventative management strategies to reduce the transportation of infected soil by logging trucks,however,can reduce the spread by up to 50% after one year and reduce the pathogen load within infested sites by more than three times.Mitigating other human-assisted dispersal pathways can also help reduce spread.Reducing movement of forest visitors not involved in forestry activities,for instance,by closing forest sites to the public,can help to further reduce spread in addition to management related to harvesting activities.These results highlight the benefits of preventative management strategies in reducing the spread rate of novel soil pathogens through a high-intensity commercial forestry network but show that pest spread is still likely even with significant investment.展开更多
Cyprus has an extensive record in grape production and winemaking.Grapevine is essential for the economic and environmental sustainability of the agricultural sector,as it is in other Mediterranean regions.Intensive a...Cyprus has an extensive record in grape production and winemaking.Grapevine is essential for the economic and environmental sustainability of the agricultural sector,as it is in other Mediterranean regions.Intensive agriculture can overuse and exhaust natural resources,including soil and water.The current study evaluated how conservation strategies,including no tillage and semi-tillage(as a variation of strip tillage),affected grapevine growth and grape quality when compared to conventional tillage application.Two cultivars were used:Chardonnay and Maratheftiko(indigenous).Soil pH decreased,and EC increased after tillage applications,in both vineyards.Tillage lowered soil N levels through mineralization,but the vineyard with Maratheftiko cultivar had higher soil N and K levels than the vineyard with Chardonnay cultivar.No tillage reduced yield in Chardonnay;however,semi-tillage enhanced yield in Maratheftiko.There were no major changes in plant physiology,even though Maratheftiko had less variation in stomatal conductance values under the various tillage practices than Chardonnay.Tillage enhanced N and K content in Chardonnay vines during flowering,and increased N in Maratheftiko.Total phenols and antioxidant status of leaves varied,with tillage stimulating them,especially at the harvest stage.Furthermore,tillage raised grape juice total soluble solids,pH,and total phenols in both cultivars,while anthocyanins and tannins content were increased in Maratheftiko under no tillage.The results of this study may aid in the development of cultivation strategies to enable viticulture to address various environmental challenges due to climate change.展开更多
Heavy metal(HM)contamination severely impacts global agricultural production.HMs toxicity effectively damaged the physiological functions such as imbalanced redox homeostasis,altered antioxidant enzyme activity,damage...Heavy metal(HM)contamination severely impacts global agricultural production.HMs toxicity effectively damaged the physiological functions such as imbalanced redox homeostasis,altered antioxidant enzyme activity,damage root system architecture,hindered photosynthetic apparatus,cellular toxicity,restricted mineral accumulation,and changed the metabolite production.Using phytohormones may be a successful strategy for enhancing and stimulating plant tolerance to HMs toxicity without affecting the environment.Melatonin(MT),a novel plant growth regulator,and powerful antioxidant molecule,enhances plant resilience to HMs stress by enhancing seedling growth,protecting the photosynthetic system,increasing nutritional status,balanced redox homeostasis,and restricting HMs accumulation from root to shoot.In addition,MT enhances the activity of antioxidant enzymes and triggers the ascorbate-glutathione(AsA-GSH)cycle,which helps remove excessive ROS.MT improves RuBisCO activity to improve photosynthesis and reduce the breakdown of chlorophyll.To identify future research needs,it is crucial to understand the comprehensive and intricate regulatory mechanisms of exogenous and endogenous MT-mediated reduction of heavy metal toxicity in plants.Melatonin has several functions,and this review sheds light on those functions and the molecular processes by which it alleviates HMs toxicity.More research is needed to fully understand how melatonin affects plant tolerance to heavy metals stress.展开更多
Purpose-This study explores how managerial leadership and organizational innovation interact to enhance resilience and risk management in railway supply chains and how these capabilities contribute to sustained compet...Purpose-This study explores how managerial leadership and organizational innovation interact to enhance resilience and risk management in railway supply chains and how these capabilities contribute to sustained competitive advantage.It emphasizes the strategic importance of resilience in railway systems that face operational complexity,regulatory pressures and increasing exposure to systemic risks.Design/methodology/approach-A mixed-methods design was employed,integrating survey data from 186 railway organizations with six case studies involving railway operators,rolling stock manufacturers and supply chain partners across multiple regions.Constructs were measured using validated scales and hypothesized relationships were tested using Structural Equation Modeling(SEM).Case study interviews were analyzed thematically to provide contextual understanding of leadership practices and innovation strategies.Findings-The results confirm that transformational managerial leadership significantly predicts innovation adoption,which in turn strengthens resilience and risk management capabilities.Resilience emerged as a powerful driver of competitive advantage,reinforcing its role as a strategic capability rather than a reactive response to disruptions.Furthermore,innovation was shown to partially mediate the relationship between leadership and resilience,highlighting its function as the operational channel through which vision translates into capability.Originality/value-This study contributes to the literature by integrating the Resource-Based View(RBV)and Dynamic Capabilities(DC)framework into the context of railway supply chains.It is among the first to empirically validate the mediating role of innovation between leadership and resilience,offering both theoretical advancements and actionable strategies for building resilient and competitive railway systems.展开更多
Resilience plays a crucial role in maintaining desirable ecosystem states and is a key objective of sustainable ecosystem management.This study synthesizes the concepts and measurement approaches of terrestrial ecosys...Resilience plays a crucial role in maintaining desirable ecosystem states and is a key objective of sustainable ecosystem management.This study synthesizes the concepts and measurement approaches of terrestrial ecosystem resilience and expounded on its spatio-temporal changes and influencing factors based on the literature over the past 50 years.Arid regions exhibited the lowest levels of spatial resilience,and the global ecosystem resilience showed a downward trend.In the focal regions,ecological resilience in Amazonian and Southeast Asian rainforest regions declined primarily driven by human activities such as deforestation and cropland expansion.Precipitation and temperature exerted bidirectional influences the resilience of ecosystems,indicating that ecosystem responses to climatic factors were non-monotonic.Evidence concerning anthropogenic factors such as land management and deforestation on ecosystem resilience were predominantly negative.Overall,this study provides a comprehensive synthesis of large scale terrestrial ecosystem resilience assessments,offering valuable insights for ecosystem protection and restoration policy development.展开更多
The US opioid crisis has become a serious public health issue,causing tens of thousands of deaths and tremendous economic loss annually.Acupuncture,as a traditional non-pharmacological method of analgesia,has demonstr...The US opioid crisis has become a serious public health issue,causing tens of thousands of deaths and tremendous economic loss annually.Acupuncture,as a traditional non-pharmacological method of analgesia,has demonstrated extraor-dinary value in addressing this crisis.This paper systematically elucidates the causes and impacts of the US opioid crisis and deeply explores the neurobiological mechanisms of acupuncture analgesia,including the activation of the endogenous opioid system,neurotransmitter regulation,and anti-inflammatory and immune modulation via multiple pathways.By analyzing the clinical evidence for acupuncture in the management of acute and chronic pain,opioid dosage reduction,and addiction treatment,we demonstrate the feasibility and effi cacy of acupuncture as an alternative to opioid therapy.Research shows that acupuncture can not only eff ectively relieve various types of pain but also reduce opioid consumption and treat opioid dependence and addiction.However,the promotion of acupuncture in the US still faces multi-faceted challenges,including issues of standardization,limited insurance coverage,and insuffi cient high-quality evidence.Future eff orts should focus on strengthening multidisciplinary research collaboration,improving standardized treatment protocols,and integrating acupunc-ture into comprehensive pain management systems to provide a safer,more cost-eff ective,non-pharmacological alternative for resolving the opioid crisis.展开更多
In the conceptual design phase of the satellite thermal management system,components layout optimization and structural topology optimization of satellite panel can meet global and local thermal management requirement...In the conceptual design phase of the satellite thermal management system,components layout optimization and structural topology optimization of satellite panel can meet global and local thermal management requirements,respectively.However,achieving non-interfering coupling between these two optimization processes remains a challenge.An integrated layout-structure design method based on thermal metamaterials is proposed,which comprises two design stages.In the first stage,components layout optimization is conducted to maximize temperature uniformity within the satellite module,yielding a globally optimized layout with balanced thermal characteristics.In the second stage,topology optimization guided by the design principle of thermal metamaterials is implemented in critical local panel regions to satisfy differentiated heat transfer requirements of components with diverse functional and thermal sensitivity properties.The key innovation lies in utilizing thermal metamaterials as a mediator to synergistically couple global components layout optimization with local structural topology optimization,which enables customized local heat flux manipulation without interfering with the globally optimized temperature field derived from the layout optimization.The method introduces neither additional mass nor special materials,offering advantages of low cost,high reliability,and strong versatility.It provides a new solution paradigm for the design of passive thermal management systems in satellites.展开更多
基金financially supported by Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong province(2024A1515010228)CATARC Automotive Inspection Center Excellent Engineer Program(2023B0909050007).
文摘To address the challenge of balancing thermal management and thermal runaway mitigation,it is crucial to explore effective methods for enhancing the safety of lithium-ion battery systems.Herein,an innovative hydrated salt composite phase change material(HSCPCM)with dual phase transition temperature zones has been proposed.This HSCPCM,denoted as SDMA10,combines hydrophilic modified expanded graphite,an acrylic emulsion coating,and eutectic hydrated salts to achieve leakage prevention,enhanced thermal stability,cycling stability,and superior phase change behavior.Battery modules incorporating SDMA10 demonstrate significant thermal control capabilities.Specifically,the cylindrical battery modules with SDMA10 can maintain maximum operating temperatures below 55°C at 4 C discharge rate,while prismatic battery modules can keep maximum operating temperatures below 65°C at 2 C discharge rate.In extreme battery overheating conditions simulated using heating plates,SDMA10 effectively suppresses thermal propagation.Even when the central heating plate reaches 300°C,the maximum temperature at the module edge heating plates remains below 85°C.Further,compared to organic composite phase change materials(CPCMs),the battery module with SDMA10 can further reduce the peak thermal runaway temperature by 93°C and delay the thermal runaway trigger time by 689 s,thereby significantly decreasing heat diffusion.Therefore,the designed HSCPCM integrates excellent latent heat storage and thermochemical storage capabilities,providing high thermal energy storage density within the thermal management and thermal runaway threshold temperature range.This research will offer a promising pathway for improving the thermal safety performance of battery packs in electric vehicles and other energy storage systems.
文摘Journal Introduction″International Journal of Plant Engineering and Management″is in the charge of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People′s Republic of China,and organized by Northwestern Polytechnical University.It is a kind of English aca-demic quarterly publication publicly issued at home and abroad.Plant engineering and management is a comprehensive interdisciplinary subject mainly reporting academic research on the application technology of equipment and industry management.It is of the characteristics of reporting both engineering and management while giving more priority to engineering as well as mechanics and electrics while giving priority to mechanics.Its contents involves technology,economy,management etc.
文摘SCOPE Rice Science is an international peer-reviewed journal sponsored by China National Rice Research Institute and hosting by Elsevier B V.It publishes original research papers,reviews,experimental technique as well as letters on rice science in English language.Some of the topics that may be included in each issue are:breeding and genetics,biotechnology,germplasm resources,agronomy,pest management,soil and fertilizer management and cereal chemistry.The full texts of Rice Science are available online at http://www.ricescience.org or http://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/rice-science.
文摘Purpose-Interface management is the process of managing communications,responsibilities and coordination of project parties,phases or physical entities which are dependent on one another.Interface management is a crucial part of managing any construction project-but particularly important for high-speed railway projects that often have several contractual parties and stakeholders,very long project timelines and huge upfront cost overlays.This paper discusses how various project interfaces were managed during the design and construction of the civil engineering infrastructure for the High Speed Two(HS2)project in the United Kingdom.Design/methodology/approach-The paper uses the case study methodology.Key interfaces on the HS2 project are grouped into various categories and the paper discusses how they were managed within the Area North Integrated Project Team(IPT)of the HS2 project made up of contractor Balfour Beatty VINCI(BBV),the Mott MacDonald SYSTRA Design Joint Venture(DJV)and client HS2 Ltd.3 different case studies drawn from across the IPT are used,each of them highlighting different interfaces and how these interfaces were managed.Findings-The paper shows how innovative technical designs and modern methods of construction were used to address some of the unique and peculiar challenges of designing a brand-new railway in the United Kingdom.Addressing the contrasting and often competing requirements of different stakeholders,coupled with challenging physical constraints of the very limited land available for the project and the use of a rarely used Act of Parliament in the delivery of the project required different approach to interface management.Collaboration and proactive stakeholder engagement are necessary for successful interface management on megaprojects.The authors posit that adopting an integrated approach to engineering and construction management is an essential ingredient for the successful delivery of high-speed railway projects.Originality/value-With many high-speed railway projects around the world coming up in the next few years,understanding the context and challenges for each country will help engineering and design managers adopt appropriate approaches for their projects.The lessons learned on the HS2 project are also transferable to other mega infrastructure projects with complex project interfaces.
文摘With the development of autonomous driving technologies,modern vehicles are confronted with two major challenges.On one hand,the rapid growth in electronic control units and data-intensive applications has led to a sharp increase in invehicle data traffic,thereby demanding much higher communication bandwidth,lower latency,and enhanced security.On the other hand,ensuring driving safety calls for more advanced thermal management systems,as traditional point-type sensors face deployment challenges due to their limited monitoring range.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20231445)Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(20230028052001).
文摘The proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)and the hydrogen hybrid power system are studied by the fuzzy-PID(FPID)controlmethod and the fuzzy-PID controlmethod by Artificial Bee Colony algorithm(ABCFPID),respectively.The results reveal that compared with the FPID control method,the temperature overshoot of the PEMFC stack under the ABC-FPID control method is decreased by 0.6%.Moreover,the circulating water flow rate within the full operating envelope(about 3 min)is reduced by 19.46 L,which means the ABC-FPID control method is more effective in regulating the stack temperature.Then,the ABC-FPID control method is proposed to study the hydrogen hybrid power system,and the system output power matching,operating characteristic curve of the fuel cell,state of charge(SOC)of the lithium battery,system efficiency and hydrogen demand are obtained.The results indicate that the maximum system efficiency reaches 46.3%,the average system efficiency is 33.8%,and the average hydrogen demand is 0.192 kg/s.Overall,the ABC-FPID control method can efficiently ensure the stability of the fuel cell’s output power,and actively prompt the lithium battery to fulfill the function of“peak shaving and valley filling”under variable load power conditions.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U2243225)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB40000000)+2 种基金the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi(Grant No.Z2024-ZYFS-0065)the Funding of Top Young talents of Ten Thousand talents Plan in China(2021)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grants No.2452023071 and 2023HHZX002).
文摘Understanding the complex interactions between human activities and ecosystem functions is a prerequisite for achieving sustainable development.Since the implementation of the“Grain for Green”Project in 1999,ecosystem functions in China’s Loess Plateau have significantly improved.However,intensified human activities have also exacerbated the pressures on the region’s fragile ecological environment.This study investigates the spatiotemporal variations in the human activity intensity index(HAI)and net ecosystem benefits(NEB)from 2000 to 2020,using expert-based assessments and an enhanced cost-benefit evaluation framework.Results indicate that HAI increased by 16.7% and 16.6% at the grid and county levels,respectively.NEB exhibited pronounced spatial heterogeneity,with a total increase of USD 36.2 trillion at the grid scale.At the county level,the average NEB rose by 75%.The degree of trade-off was higher at the grid scale than at the county scale,while the synergistic areas initially expanded and then declined at both scales.Key areas for improvement and regions of lagging development were identified as priority zones for ecological management and spatial planning at both spatial resolutions.This study offers scientific insights and practical guidance for harmonizing ecological conservation with high-quality development in ecologically vulnerable regions.
文摘Objective:To investigate the application effect of intelligent empowerment standardized airway management process in patients receiving mechanical ventilation.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 79 EICU inpatients who underwent tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation treatment at our hospital from January 2023 to May 2025.The patients were divided into a control group(conventional airway management process,n=40)and a study group(intelligent empowerment standardized airway management process,n=39)based on the intervention protocols they received.Oral health scores,dental plaque index,oral odor,serum inflammatory markers[C-reactive protein(CRP),procalcitonin(PCT)],clinical pulmonary infection score(CPIS),as well as the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP),duration of mechanical ventilation,and length of stay in the EICU were assessed before and after treatment.Results:The baseline values of all indicators were consistent between the two groups before intervention(p>0.05).After corresponding interventions,both groups showed significant improvements in Beck oral health scores,dental plaque index,and oral odor,with more pronounced improvements observed in the study group(p<0.05).After the intervention,the research group showed a significant decrease in serum CRP and PCT levels,as well as CPIS scores(p<0.05).In contrast,the control group experienced an increase in these three indicators to a certain extent(p<0.05).Moreover,the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP),duration of mechanical ventilation,and length of stay in the EICU were all lower in the research group compared to the control group,while the nurse’s compliance rate with the protocol was higher in the research group(p<0.05).Conclusion:The standardized airway management protocol empowered by intelligent technology can significantly improve nursing compliance,benefit oral health status,reduce the risk of pulmonary infection and systemic inflammation levels,and promote rapid patient recovery,demonstrating considerable potential for widespread adoption.
文摘To address the severe challenges of PM_(2.5) and ozone co-control during the"14^(th) Five-Year Plan"period and to enhance the precision and intelligence level of air environment governance,it is imperative to build an efficient comprehensive management platform for regional air quality.In this paper,the specific practice in Zibo City,Shandong Province is as an example to systematically analyze the top-level design,technical implementation,and innovative application of a comprehensive management platform for regional air quality integrating"perception monitoring,data fusion,research judgment of early warnings,analysis of sources,collaborative dispatching,and evaluation assessment".Through the construction of an"sky-air-ground"integrated three-dimensional monitoring network,the platform integrates multi-source heterogeneous environmental data,and employs big data,cloud computing,artificial intelligence,CALPUFF/CMAQ,and other numerical model technologies to achieve comprehensive perception,precise prediction,intelligent source tracing,and closed-loop management of air pollution.The platform innovatively establishes a full-process closed-loop management mechanism of"data-early warning-disposition-evaluation",and achieves a fundamental transformation from passive response to active anticipation and from experience-based judgment to data driving in environmental supervision.The application results show that this platform significantly improves the scientific decision-making ability and collaborative execution efficiency of air pollution governance in Zibo City,providing a replicable and scalable comprehensive solution for similar industrial cities to achieve the continuous improvement of air quality.
基金Supported by Shandong Provincial Key Research and Development Program(2023TZXD034)2024 National Undergraduate Innovation Training Program(202410061062).
文摘Yam(Dioscorea opposita)is an important economic crop,and the development of its the cultivation tecchnology is of great significance for increasing yield,improving quality,and reducing the occurrence of pests and diseases.With the progression of agricultural technology and changes in market demands,the cultivation tecchnology of yam is constantly innovating and improving.This paper reviewed recent research advances in yam cultivation tecchnology,covering aspects such as soil improvement,variety selection,technological innovations,green pest control,and harvesting and storage.The goal is to provide references for the sustainable development of the yam industry.
文摘Objective:For patients with hypertension complicated with diabetes mellitus,their health risks are not a simple sum but present complex interactive effects.Clarifying the clinical characteristics of such patients is the key to solving this medical problem.Methods:From June 2023 to June 2024,this study conducted a comparative study on 100 patients with hypertension complicated with diabetes mellitus and 100 patients with hypertension alone.By retrospectively analyzing clinical data of patients,the differences in disease manifestations,complication occurrence,and treatment effects between the two groups were explored in depth,and the unique challenges and treatment difficulties faced by patients with hypertension complicated with diabetes mellitus were identified.Results:Hypertensive patients with concurrent diabetes had more difficult blood glucose and blood pressure control,and were more prone to severe complications such as cardiovascular lesions and renal damage.Conclusion:The clinical characteristics and treatment needs of patients with hypertension complicated with diabetes mellitus are different from those with hypertension alone,and disease management should be more refined and personalized.
基金Supported by Wuxi Taihu Talent Program(202101)Project of Wu Jieping Medical Foundation(320.6750.2023-03-33).
文摘[Objectives]To analyze the clinical characteristics,distribution of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome types,spectrum of comorbidities,and complications among inpatients with gout.[Methods]Data from 592 gout patients admitted in the Department of Rheumatology at Wuxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital between January 2018 and December 2024 were retrospectively collected.The data collected encompassed patient gender,age,TCM syndrome types,underlying comorbidities,infection status,and major complications,including renal insufficiency,interstitial lung disease,and osteoporosis.Descriptive statistical analyses were subsequently performed.[Results]Among the 592 inpatients,80.75%were male and 19.25%were female.A total of 94.76%patients had at least one underlying condition,with hypertension(80.74%),cerebral infarction(29.59%),heart disease(24.24%),and diabetes(21.56%)being the most prevalent.The primary TCM syndrome types identified were damp-heat obstruction syndrome(63.51%)and phlegm-stasis obstruction syndrome(21.11%).During hospitalization,20.94%of patients experienced concurrent infections,predominantly pulmonary infections(38.10%).The principal complications observed included renal insufficiency(32.09%),interstitial lung disease(18.75%),and osteoporosis(9.29%).[Conclusions]Inpatients diagnosed with gout often present with complex conditions and a high burden of comorbidities,predominantly cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,as well as metabolic disorders.Additionally,there is a high incidence of infections and renal insufficiency within this population.TCM syndrome types in these patients are primarily characterized by damp-heat obstruction.In clinical practice,a comprehensive management approach that incorporates multidisciplinary collaboration is recommended.Alongside the control of uric acid levels and joint inflammation,proactive screening and management of comorbidities and related complications are essential.
基金supported by the Forest Growers Levy Trust(QT-10353)the Ministry for Primary Industries and the Sustainable Food and Fibre Futures fund(SFFF22023)the Strategic Science Investment Fund(CO4X1703)for funding this research.
文摘Invasive pests and pathogens cause immense damage globally,costing an estimated US$248 billion to the agricultural industry alone.Vehicles,such as farming and timber harvesting machinery and transportation trucks,can facilitate the rapid spread of biological invaders over distances far greater and more quickly than their natural dispersal ability.Understanding how frequent trips by these vehicles increase the spread of invasive agricultural and forestry pests can help inform effective biosecurity procedures before,during,or after an incursion.We used a case study of timber transport trucks in Aotearoa New Zealand to examine whether and how vehicles facilitate the spread of soil-borne pathogens between commercial forest plantations.Our results show that long-distance dispersal associated with truck movement facilitated the introduction of oomycete-like pathogens in 97% of forest sites within only one year,with pathogen loads within infected sites predicted at 84%of the sites’carrying capacity.Implementing preventative management strategies to reduce the transportation of infected soil by logging trucks,however,can reduce the spread by up to 50% after one year and reduce the pathogen load within infested sites by more than three times.Mitigating other human-assisted dispersal pathways can also help reduce spread.Reducing movement of forest visitors not involved in forestry activities,for instance,by closing forest sites to the public,can help to further reduce spread in addition to management related to harvesting activities.These results highlight the benefits of preventative management strategies in reducing the spread rate of novel soil pathogens through a high-intensity commercial forestry network but show that pest spread is still likely even with significant investment.
基金financed by PRIMA(MiDiVine project),the European Union(ERA-NET Cofound FACCE SURPLUS Call of Horizon 2020-FACCE JPI,“VitiSmart”project)a programme supported by the European Union with co-funding by the Funding Agencies RIF-Cyprus。
文摘Cyprus has an extensive record in grape production and winemaking.Grapevine is essential for the economic and environmental sustainability of the agricultural sector,as it is in other Mediterranean regions.Intensive agriculture can overuse and exhaust natural resources,including soil and water.The current study evaluated how conservation strategies,including no tillage and semi-tillage(as a variation of strip tillage),affected grapevine growth and grape quality when compared to conventional tillage application.Two cultivars were used:Chardonnay and Maratheftiko(indigenous).Soil pH decreased,and EC increased after tillage applications,in both vineyards.Tillage lowered soil N levels through mineralization,but the vineyard with Maratheftiko cultivar had higher soil N and K levels than the vineyard with Chardonnay cultivar.No tillage reduced yield in Chardonnay;however,semi-tillage enhanced yield in Maratheftiko.There were no major changes in plant physiology,even though Maratheftiko had less variation in stomatal conductance values under the various tillage practices than Chardonnay.Tillage enhanced N and K content in Chardonnay vines during flowering,and increased N in Maratheftiko.Total phenols and antioxidant status of leaves varied,with tillage stimulating them,especially at the harvest stage.Furthermore,tillage raised grape juice total soluble solids,pH,and total phenols in both cultivars,while anthocyanins and tannins content were increased in Maratheftiko under no tillage.The results of this study may aid in the development of cultivation strategies to enable viticulture to address various environmental challenges due to climate change.
文摘Heavy metal(HM)contamination severely impacts global agricultural production.HMs toxicity effectively damaged the physiological functions such as imbalanced redox homeostasis,altered antioxidant enzyme activity,damage root system architecture,hindered photosynthetic apparatus,cellular toxicity,restricted mineral accumulation,and changed the metabolite production.Using phytohormones may be a successful strategy for enhancing and stimulating plant tolerance to HMs toxicity without affecting the environment.Melatonin(MT),a novel plant growth regulator,and powerful antioxidant molecule,enhances plant resilience to HMs stress by enhancing seedling growth,protecting the photosynthetic system,increasing nutritional status,balanced redox homeostasis,and restricting HMs accumulation from root to shoot.In addition,MT enhances the activity of antioxidant enzymes and triggers the ascorbate-glutathione(AsA-GSH)cycle,which helps remove excessive ROS.MT improves RuBisCO activity to improve photosynthesis and reduce the breakdown of chlorophyll.To identify future research needs,it is crucial to understand the comprehensive and intricate regulatory mechanisms of exogenous and endogenous MT-mediated reduction of heavy metal toxicity in plants.Melatonin has several functions,and this review sheds light on those functions and the molecular processes by which it alleviates HMs toxicity.More research is needed to fully understand how melatonin affects plant tolerance to heavy metals stress.
文摘Purpose-This study explores how managerial leadership and organizational innovation interact to enhance resilience and risk management in railway supply chains and how these capabilities contribute to sustained competitive advantage.It emphasizes the strategic importance of resilience in railway systems that face operational complexity,regulatory pressures and increasing exposure to systemic risks.Design/methodology/approach-A mixed-methods design was employed,integrating survey data from 186 railway organizations with six case studies involving railway operators,rolling stock manufacturers and supply chain partners across multiple regions.Constructs were measured using validated scales and hypothesized relationships were tested using Structural Equation Modeling(SEM).Case study interviews were analyzed thematically to provide contextual understanding of leadership practices and innovation strategies.Findings-The results confirm that transformational managerial leadership significantly predicts innovation adoption,which in turn strengthens resilience and risk management capabilities.Resilience emerged as a powerful driver of competitive advantage,reinforcing its role as a strategic capability rather than a reactive response to disruptions.Furthermore,innovation was shown to partially mediate the relationship between leadership and resilience,highlighting its function as the operational channel through which vision translates into capability.Originality/value-This study contributes to the literature by integrating the Resource-Based View(RBV)and Dynamic Capabilities(DC)framework into the context of railway supply chains.It is among the first to empirically validate the mediating role of innovation between leadership and resilience,offering both theoretical advancements and actionable strategies for building resilient and competitive railway systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.42522105 and 42171088)the 111 Project of China(Grant No.B23027)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China.
文摘Resilience plays a crucial role in maintaining desirable ecosystem states and is a key objective of sustainable ecosystem management.This study synthesizes the concepts and measurement approaches of terrestrial ecosystem resilience and expounded on its spatio-temporal changes and influencing factors based on the literature over the past 50 years.Arid regions exhibited the lowest levels of spatial resilience,and the global ecosystem resilience showed a downward trend.In the focal regions,ecological resilience in Amazonian and Southeast Asian rainforest regions declined primarily driven by human activities such as deforestation and cropland expansion.Precipitation and temperature exerted bidirectional influences the resilience of ecosystems,indicating that ecosystem responses to climatic factors were non-monotonic.Evidence concerning anthropogenic factors such as land management and deforestation on ecosystem resilience were predominantly negative.Overall,this study provides a comprehensive synthesis of large scale terrestrial ecosystem resilience assessments,offering valuable insights for ecosystem protection and restoration policy development.
文摘The US opioid crisis has become a serious public health issue,causing tens of thousands of deaths and tremendous economic loss annually.Acupuncture,as a traditional non-pharmacological method of analgesia,has demonstrated extraor-dinary value in addressing this crisis.This paper systematically elucidates the causes and impacts of the US opioid crisis and deeply explores the neurobiological mechanisms of acupuncture analgesia,including the activation of the endogenous opioid system,neurotransmitter regulation,and anti-inflammatory and immune modulation via multiple pathways.By analyzing the clinical evidence for acupuncture in the management of acute and chronic pain,opioid dosage reduction,and addiction treatment,we demonstrate the feasibility and effi cacy of acupuncture as an alternative to opioid therapy.Research shows that acupuncture can not only eff ectively relieve various types of pain but also reduce opioid consumption and treat opioid dependence and addiction.However,the promotion of acupuncture in the US still faces multi-faceted challenges,including issues of standardization,limited insurance coverage,and insuffi cient high-quality evidence.Future eff orts should focus on strengthening multidisciplinary research collaboration,improving standardized treatment protocols,and integrating acupunc-ture into comprehensive pain management systems to provide a safer,more cost-eff ective,non-pharmacological alternative for resolving the opioid crisis.
基金funded by State Key Laboratory of MicroSpacecraft Rapid Design and Intelligent Cluster,China(No.MS01240104)the Youth Program of the Self-Innovation Science Fund,China(No.ZK2023-41)from the National University of Defense Technology(NUDT)China and the Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Hunan Province,China(No.CX20240155)。
文摘In the conceptual design phase of the satellite thermal management system,components layout optimization and structural topology optimization of satellite panel can meet global and local thermal management requirements,respectively.However,achieving non-interfering coupling between these two optimization processes remains a challenge.An integrated layout-structure design method based on thermal metamaterials is proposed,which comprises two design stages.In the first stage,components layout optimization is conducted to maximize temperature uniformity within the satellite module,yielding a globally optimized layout with balanced thermal characteristics.In the second stage,topology optimization guided by the design principle of thermal metamaterials is implemented in critical local panel regions to satisfy differentiated heat transfer requirements of components with diverse functional and thermal sensitivity properties.The key innovation lies in utilizing thermal metamaterials as a mediator to synergistically couple global components layout optimization with local structural topology optimization,which enables customized local heat flux manipulation without interfering with the globally optimized temperature field derived from the layout optimization.The method introduces neither additional mass nor special materials,offering advantages of low cost,high reliability,and strong versatility.It provides a new solution paradigm for the design of passive thermal management systems in satellites.
