The Majorana fermions/quasi-particles obey non-Abelian statistics and play an essential role in topological quantum computing.Theoretically,they can be realized as a zero-energy excitation in the vortex core of topolo...The Majorana fermions/quasi-particles obey non-Abelian statistics and play an essential role in topological quantum computing.Theoretically,they can be realized as a zero-energy excitation in the vortex core of topological superconductors,called Majorana zero mode(MZM).However,the coexisting low-energy bound states in vortex cores often bring difficulties for identifying MZM.In this review,we summarized recent STM studies on the vortex states of electron-doped FeSe-based superconductors such as(Li,Fe)OHFeSe and single-layer FeSe/SrTiO_(3).Zero-bias conductance peaks(ZBCP)are observed in the unpinned vortex cores of(Li,Fe)OHFeSe.It displays nearly quantized conductance and distinct spatial distributions with respect to nonzero bound states,which indicates their nontrivial origin.Meanwhile,single-layer FeSe/SrTiO_(3)film only has conventional Caroli-de Gennes-Matricon(CdGM)bound states without zero-energy mode,reflecting the characteristics of s-wave superconductor.These results not only provide strong evidence of MZM,but also shed light on its origin in FeSe-based superconductors.展开更多
With a paper published in the 19 February 2025 issue of Nature[1],Microsoft(Redmond,WA,USA)fanned the flames of its unique vision for quantum computing:a stable,error-resistant qubit based on the Majorana fermion,one ...With a paper published in the 19 February 2025 issue of Nature[1],Microsoft(Redmond,WA,USA)fanned the flames of its unique vision for quantum computing:a stable,error-resistant qubit based on the Majorana fermion,one of the strangest and most elusive particles in physics.The Microsoft Azure Quantum research team’s descriptions of a means to detect the as-yet theoretical particles[1]—called“an entirely new state of matter”by Microsoft’s chief executive officer[2]—and a design for a chip powered by them(Fig.1)[3]have refocused attention on the company’s ambition to build a topological quantum computer.The approach—if it works—could potentially leapfrog every other in the field.展开更多
In recent years,the study of Majorana signatures in quantum transport has become a central focus in condensed matter physics.Here,we present a rigorous and systematic derivation of the fermionic superoperator describi...In recent years,the study of Majorana signatures in quantum transport has become a central focus in condensed matter physics.Here,we present a rigorous and systematic derivation of the fermionic superoperator describing the open quantum dynamics of electron transport through Majorana zero modes,building on the techniques introduced in Phys.Rev.B 105,035121(2022).The numerical implementation of this superoperator is to construct its differential equivalence,the hierarchical equations of motion(HEOM).The HEOM approach describes the system-bath correlated dynamics.Furthermore,we also develop a functional derivative scheme that provides exact expressions for the transport observables in terms of the auxiliary density operators introduced in the HEOM formulation.The superoperator formalism establishes a solid theoretical foundation for analyzing key transport signatures that may uncover the unique characteristics of Majorana physics in mesoscopic systems.展开更多
通过数值求解Bogoliubov de Gennes方程,研究了具有自旋轨道耦合作用的一维费米晶格系统的性质.结果表明:在有限的自旋轨道耦合下和一定的磁场强度时,系统具有零能,此时的准粒子即为Majorana费米子.准无序效应研究表明,Majorana费米子...通过数值求解Bogoliubov de Gennes方程,研究了具有自旋轨道耦合作用的一维费米晶格系统的性质.结果表明:在有限的自旋轨道耦合下和一定的磁场强度时,系统具有零能,此时的准粒子即为Majorana费米子.准无序效应研究表明,Majorana费米子不会被弱准无序所破坏.展开更多
基金supported by the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(Grant no.2021ZD0302800)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants Nos.92065202,11888101,11790312,11961160717,12225403,12104094)+2 种基金Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2019SHZDZX01)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality,China(Grant Nos.19JC1412702,21TQ1400100)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant Nos.BX20200097,2020M681137).
文摘The Majorana fermions/quasi-particles obey non-Abelian statistics and play an essential role in topological quantum computing.Theoretically,they can be realized as a zero-energy excitation in the vortex core of topological superconductors,called Majorana zero mode(MZM).However,the coexisting low-energy bound states in vortex cores often bring difficulties for identifying MZM.In this review,we summarized recent STM studies on the vortex states of electron-doped FeSe-based superconductors such as(Li,Fe)OHFeSe and single-layer FeSe/SrTiO_(3).Zero-bias conductance peaks(ZBCP)are observed in the unpinned vortex cores of(Li,Fe)OHFeSe.It displays nearly quantized conductance and distinct spatial distributions with respect to nonzero bound states,which indicates their nontrivial origin.Meanwhile,single-layer FeSe/SrTiO_(3)film only has conventional Caroli-de Gennes-Matricon(CdGM)bound states without zero-energy mode,reflecting the characteristics of s-wave superconductor.These results not only provide strong evidence of MZM,but also shed light on its origin in FeSe-based superconductors.
文摘With a paper published in the 19 February 2025 issue of Nature[1],Microsoft(Redmond,WA,USA)fanned the flames of its unique vision for quantum computing:a stable,error-resistant qubit based on the Majorana fermion,one of the strangest and most elusive particles in physics.The Microsoft Azure Quantum research team’s descriptions of a means to detect the as-yet theoretical particles[1]—called“an entirely new state of matter”by Microsoft’s chief executive officer[2]—and a design for a chip powered by them(Fig.1)[3]have refocused attention on the company’s ambition to build a topological quantum computer.The approach—if it works—could potentially leapfrog every other in the field.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.224B2305,22373091)the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(No.2021ZD0303301)。
文摘In recent years,the study of Majorana signatures in quantum transport has become a central focus in condensed matter physics.Here,we present a rigorous and systematic derivation of the fermionic superoperator describing the open quantum dynamics of electron transport through Majorana zero modes,building on the techniques introduced in Phys.Rev.B 105,035121(2022).The numerical implementation of this superoperator is to construct its differential equivalence,the hierarchical equations of motion(HEOM).The HEOM approach describes the system-bath correlated dynamics.Furthermore,we also develop a functional derivative scheme that provides exact expressions for the transport observables in terms of the auxiliary density operators introduced in the HEOM formulation.The superoperator formalism establishes a solid theoretical foundation for analyzing key transport signatures that may uncover the unique characteristics of Majorana physics in mesoscopic systems.
