In 2015 a number of cumin spice products were withdrawn from the international market because of the suspected presence of almond, a known allergen from the Prunus genus. However, immunoassay results were unable to pr...In 2015 a number of cumin spice products were withdrawn from the international market because of the suspected presence of almond, a known allergen from the Prunus genus. However, immunoassay results were unable to provide unequivocal evidence of the Prunus species present, because of significant cross-reactivity with other species within the Prunus genus. A novel real-time PCR assay was developed for the specific detection of Prunus mahaleb DNA, a species known to be capable of causing false positives in almond immunoassays. The assay was developed based on available DNA sequence information from the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region, and tested against representative species within the Prunus genus to ensure no cross-reactivity. Results showed that mahaleb DNA was detected in a cumin spice product subject to the earlier international recalls, which could not be unequivocally identified using immunoassay approaches alone. This short report details preliminary results from the application of this assay, and will be of interest to analytical laboratories involved in trace detection of ingredients in support of relevant food labelling legislation.展开更多
Prunus mahaleb L.(syn.Cerasus mahaleb L.Mill.)(mahaleb)is a member of medicinal plants and grows naturally in Tokat and in some other regions of Turkey.Seed and flesh of mahaleb fruit are used as mahaleb vine,mahaleb ...Prunus mahaleb L.(syn.Cerasus mahaleb L.Mill.)(mahaleb)is a member of medicinal plants and grows naturally in Tokat and in some other regions of Turkey.Seed and flesh of mahaleb fruit are used as mahaleb vine,mahaleb flour,mahaleb oil and as puree.Wild fruits contain many bioactive compounds,such as phenolic compounds,anthocyanins,flavonoids,and vitamins C and tocopherols.Depending on its health promoting effects it is usually used in folk medicine,such as for diabetes.It is shown that wild fruits and other parts of the mahaleb tree possess free radical scavenging,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and anticancer activities,and are classified as functional foods in preventing several chronic diseases.The present study evaluates the phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of the methanolic extracts of the fruits,leaves and barks of mahaleb plant that is collected from Tokat.The total phenolic content(170.21 mg gallic acid GA/g)in barks and the total flavonoid(260.5 mg quercetin QE/g)and anthocyanin(38.54 mg catechin CA/g)contents in fruits were greater than the other parts of the plants.Antioxidant activity of the samples was determined using the 2,2-diphenil-1picrylhydrazyl radical(DPPH).The antioxidant activity was the highest with the fruit,which showed 90.2%in DPPH assays.This study showed that all parts of mahaleb have high phenolic,flavonoid,and anthocyanin contents,potentially.These findings suggest that mahaleb plant(fruits can be consumed;the other parts not consumed but can be used in other ways)could serve as a source of bioactive compounds and as being rich in anthocyanin pigments,it could be used as a natural food colorant and antioxidant component in the utilization formula of functional foods.展开更多
Prunus mahaleb L.seeds are used as spice and folk remedies in many countries.The aim of this study was bioactivity guided isolation and characterization phytoconstituents of P.mahaleb which have been studied very limi...Prunus mahaleb L.seeds are used as spice and folk remedies in many countries.The aim of this study was bioactivity guided isolation and characterization phytoconstituents of P.mahaleb which have been studied very limited so far.The antioxidant capacities of seed and kernel(endocarp)extracts were studied by DPPH,nitric oxide(NO),superoxide(SO),TEAC,CUPRAC methods.The antiproliferative activity were investigated for the first time against B16F10,A2058,HeLa and L929 cell lines using MTT assay.Gallic acid and ursolic acid which have strong antioxidant and cell growth inhibitory effect,were isolated from the most active fractions.From the inactive fractions,quercetin-3-O-(2-O,6-O-α-dirhamnopyranosylβ-glucopyranoside),kaempferol-3-O-(2-O,6-O-α-dirhamnopyranosylβ-glucopyranoside)andβ-sitosterol 3-O-β-glucopyranoside were isolated.Our study is the first record for the isolation of ursolic acid from all parts of P.mahaleb,gallic acid from P.mahaleb kernels,two flavonol triglycosides from the Prunus species and their analysis by advanced NMR spectroscopic methods.Ursolic acid(IC50:170.2μM)and gallic acid(IC50:10.5μM)showed strong tyrosinase inhibition,gallic acid being 5.4 times more effective than standard compound.Kernel extracts have strong antioxidant activity,showed high growth inhibitory activity with dose-dependent manner on melanoma cells but no growth inhibitory on healthy L929 and HeLa cancer cells.The high antioxidant capacity of kernel,its selective growth inhibition of B16F10 and A2058 melanoma cells and its strong tyrosinase inhibitory compounds suggest that it could be a new,non-toxic and inexpensive resource for melanoma treatment and cosmetic industry.展开更多
Prunus mahaleb L.seeds are widely used in the baking industry as spice for flavouring.While achieving the mahaleb powder for commercial use in local companies,the seeds are sometimes mixed unintentionally with their k...Prunus mahaleb L.seeds are widely used in the baking industry as spice for flavouring.While achieving the mahaleb powder for commercial use in local companies,the seeds are sometimes mixed unintentionally with their kernels(stony shell)during sieving procedure.As the chemical and biological properties of the kernel of seeds are not well known,the kernel,seeds and the market sample obtained from a local supplier are decided to investigate individually.The antioxidant capacity and the trace element analyses of the seeds and kernels were performed by TEAC and CUPRAC assays and ICP-MS.The market sample was analysed for nutrient and oil composition.Fatty acid composition of the oil was determined with GC-FID and GC-MS methods.The chemical composition of the methanol extract of the seeds and kernels was studied by LC-MS/MS.Trace elements Mn,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn and Se were determined in the methanol extracts,ethyl acetate and water fractions.Mushroom tyrosinase enzyme inhibitions of 33 different extracts and fractions of various waste parts of the plant(kernel,fruit,twigs,flos,leaves)were investigated.The nutritional values showed that the market sample had high nutritious properties.The fatty acid content of the oil was found to be valuable in remedying dysfunctions of the body.Kernel ethylacetate fraction showed the highest tyrosinase enzyme inhibition.The role of copper element on enzyme activity was determined.The kernels are accepted as a waste material may also be evaluated as a good promising choice for food,cosmetic and drug industry.展开更多
本研究基于Illumina Hiseq测序平台和16S r DNA扩增测序技术,对三年生砂蜜豆/马哈利樱桃5个生长发育期(萌芽期、展叶期、新梢迅速生长期、新梢停长期及落叶期)根际土壤细菌群落分别进行了基因序列测定,分析了不同生长发育期根际细菌种...本研究基于Illumina Hiseq测序平台和16S r DNA扩增测序技术,对三年生砂蜜豆/马哈利樱桃5个生长发育期(萌芽期、展叶期、新梢迅速生长期、新梢停长期及落叶期)根际土壤细菌群落分别进行了基因序列测定,分析了不同生长发育期根际细菌种群结构的变化。结果表明变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicute)以及放线菌门(Actinobacteria)细菌在所有样品中均为优势菌群,检出率高达80%以上。在樱桃生长过程中,不同生长发育期根际细菌群落结构不同,萌芽期种群类别最少,然后逐渐增加,到新稍迅速生长期达最多,多样性最丰富,进而又逐渐减少。对样品序列进行聚类分析,5个样品归属于两大类群,萌芽期、展叶期及新稍迅速生长期的根际土壤样品具有更加相似的细菌群落结构;而停长期和落叶期样品中细菌组成相似。研究还发现绿弯菌门细菌是新稍迅速生长期和其他样品之间具有统计学差异的物种。由此可见,砂蜜豆/马哈利樱桃生长发育期对根际土壤细菌群落具有一定的影响。展开更多
文摘In 2015 a number of cumin spice products were withdrawn from the international market because of the suspected presence of almond, a known allergen from the Prunus genus. However, immunoassay results were unable to provide unequivocal evidence of the Prunus species present, because of significant cross-reactivity with other species within the Prunus genus. A novel real-time PCR assay was developed for the specific detection of Prunus mahaleb DNA, a species known to be capable of causing false positives in almond immunoassays. The assay was developed based on available DNA sequence information from the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region, and tested against representative species within the Prunus genus to ensure no cross-reactivity. Results showed that mahaleb DNA was detected in a cumin spice product subject to the earlier international recalls, which could not be unequivocally identified using immunoassay approaches alone. This short report details preliminary results from the application of this assay, and will be of interest to analytical laboratories involved in trace detection of ingredients in support of relevant food labelling legislation.
文摘Prunus mahaleb L.(syn.Cerasus mahaleb L.Mill.)(mahaleb)is a member of medicinal plants and grows naturally in Tokat and in some other regions of Turkey.Seed and flesh of mahaleb fruit are used as mahaleb vine,mahaleb flour,mahaleb oil and as puree.Wild fruits contain many bioactive compounds,such as phenolic compounds,anthocyanins,flavonoids,and vitamins C and tocopherols.Depending on its health promoting effects it is usually used in folk medicine,such as for diabetes.It is shown that wild fruits and other parts of the mahaleb tree possess free radical scavenging,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and anticancer activities,and are classified as functional foods in preventing several chronic diseases.The present study evaluates the phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of the methanolic extracts of the fruits,leaves and barks of mahaleb plant that is collected from Tokat.The total phenolic content(170.21 mg gallic acid GA/g)in barks and the total flavonoid(260.5 mg quercetin QE/g)and anthocyanin(38.54 mg catechin CA/g)contents in fruits were greater than the other parts of the plants.Antioxidant activity of the samples was determined using the 2,2-diphenil-1picrylhydrazyl radical(DPPH).The antioxidant activity was the highest with the fruit,which showed 90.2%in DPPH assays.This study showed that all parts of mahaleb have high phenolic,flavonoid,and anthocyanin contents,potentially.These findings suggest that mahaleb plant(fruits can be consumed;the other parts not consumed but can be used in other ways)could serve as a source of bioactive compounds and as being rich in anthocyanin pigments,it could be used as a natural food colorant and antioxidant component in the utilization formula of functional foods.
基金Hacettepe University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit H.Ü.B.A.B.(Project No:THD-2017-15620).
文摘Prunus mahaleb L.seeds are used as spice and folk remedies in many countries.The aim of this study was bioactivity guided isolation and characterization phytoconstituents of P.mahaleb which have been studied very limited so far.The antioxidant capacities of seed and kernel(endocarp)extracts were studied by DPPH,nitric oxide(NO),superoxide(SO),TEAC,CUPRAC methods.The antiproliferative activity were investigated for the first time against B16F10,A2058,HeLa and L929 cell lines using MTT assay.Gallic acid and ursolic acid which have strong antioxidant and cell growth inhibitory effect,were isolated from the most active fractions.From the inactive fractions,quercetin-3-O-(2-O,6-O-α-dirhamnopyranosylβ-glucopyranoside),kaempferol-3-O-(2-O,6-O-α-dirhamnopyranosylβ-glucopyranoside)andβ-sitosterol 3-O-β-glucopyranoside were isolated.Our study is the first record for the isolation of ursolic acid from all parts of P.mahaleb,gallic acid from P.mahaleb kernels,two flavonol triglycosides from the Prunus species and their analysis by advanced NMR spectroscopic methods.Ursolic acid(IC50:170.2μM)and gallic acid(IC50:10.5μM)showed strong tyrosinase inhibition,gallic acid being 5.4 times more effective than standard compound.Kernel extracts have strong antioxidant activity,showed high growth inhibitory activity with dose-dependent manner on melanoma cells but no growth inhibitory on healthy L929 and HeLa cancer cells.The high antioxidant capacity of kernel,its selective growth inhibition of B16F10 and A2058 melanoma cells and its strong tyrosinase inhibitory compounds suggest that it could be a new,non-toxic and inexpensive resource for melanoma treatment and cosmetic industry.
文摘Prunus mahaleb L.seeds are widely used in the baking industry as spice for flavouring.While achieving the mahaleb powder for commercial use in local companies,the seeds are sometimes mixed unintentionally with their kernels(stony shell)during sieving procedure.As the chemical and biological properties of the kernel of seeds are not well known,the kernel,seeds and the market sample obtained from a local supplier are decided to investigate individually.The antioxidant capacity and the trace element analyses of the seeds and kernels were performed by TEAC and CUPRAC assays and ICP-MS.The market sample was analysed for nutrient and oil composition.Fatty acid composition of the oil was determined with GC-FID and GC-MS methods.The chemical composition of the methanol extract of the seeds and kernels was studied by LC-MS/MS.Trace elements Mn,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn and Se were determined in the methanol extracts,ethyl acetate and water fractions.Mushroom tyrosinase enzyme inhibitions of 33 different extracts and fractions of various waste parts of the plant(kernel,fruit,twigs,flos,leaves)were investigated.The nutritional values showed that the market sample had high nutritious properties.The fatty acid content of the oil was found to be valuable in remedying dysfunctions of the body.Kernel ethylacetate fraction showed the highest tyrosinase enzyme inhibition.The role of copper element on enzyme activity was determined.The kernels are accepted as a waste material may also be evaluated as a good promising choice for food,cosmetic and drug industry.
文摘本研究基于Illumina Hiseq测序平台和16S r DNA扩增测序技术,对三年生砂蜜豆/马哈利樱桃5个生长发育期(萌芽期、展叶期、新梢迅速生长期、新梢停长期及落叶期)根际土壤细菌群落分别进行了基因序列测定,分析了不同生长发育期根际细菌种群结构的变化。结果表明变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicute)以及放线菌门(Actinobacteria)细菌在所有样品中均为优势菌群,检出率高达80%以上。在樱桃生长过程中,不同生长发育期根际细菌群落结构不同,萌芽期种群类别最少,然后逐渐增加,到新稍迅速生长期达最多,多样性最丰富,进而又逐渐减少。对样品序列进行聚类分析,5个样品归属于两大类群,萌芽期、展叶期及新稍迅速生长期的根际土壤样品具有更加相似的细菌群落结构;而停长期和落叶期样品中细菌组成相似。研究还发现绿弯菌门细菌是新稍迅速生长期和其他样品之间具有统计学差异的物种。由此可见,砂蜜豆/马哈利樱桃生长发育期对根际土壤细菌群落具有一定的影响。
