A new naphthoquinone compound named 7-hydroxyl-8-methoxyltrypethelone 3 together with two known compounds trypethelone 1 and trypethelone methyl ether 2 was isolated from cultured mycobiont of Astrothelium sp.The stru...A new naphthoquinone compound named 7-hydroxyl-8-methoxyltrypethelone 3 together with two known compounds trypethelone 1 and trypethelone methyl ether 2 was isolated from cultured mycobiont of Astrothelium sp.The structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analysis as well as comparison with those reported in literatures.Compound 1 displayed significant antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis（ATCC 6633）,and showed modest antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus col（MRSA）（CGMCC 1.2465）,while compounds 2 and 3 showed modest antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 850E（CGMCC 1.2135） and S.aureus col（MRSA）（CGMCC 1.2465）.展开更多
Based on the compilation of literature on lichens of Odisha(India)and other specimens and preserved in herbaria,we estimate that 252 species of lichens,belonging to 81 genera and 35 families are known from the state.G...Based on the compilation of literature on lichens of Odisha(India)and other specimens and preserved in herbaria,we estimate that 252 species of lichens,belonging to 81 genera and 35 families are known from the state.Graphidaceae with 49 species is the dominant family,followed by Arthoniaceae(21),Pyrenulaceae(19),Parmeliaceae(18),Trypetheliaceae(17),Physciaceae(15),Teloschistaceae(14),Lecanoraceae(13),Pertusariaceae(12),Ramalinaceae(11),Caliciaceae(11),Thelotremataceae(9)and Lecidiaceae(4).Among the lichen genera Graphis is dominant with 27 species,followed by Pyrenula(16),Caloplaca(14),Pertusaria(12),Lecanora(10),Parmotrema(9),Cryptothecia(9)and Pyxine(6).Accounts of lichens are only available from 13 out of 30 districts.Of these only cursory collections from 10 districts are available,whereas Mayurbhanj,Jharsuguda and Ganjam districts are well-explored for their lichen flora.The present enumeration of more than 250 species clearly indicates a rich diversity of lichens for the state.Further exploration in other unexplored districts will add more species to the lichen flora of the state.展开更多
This work deals with the survival analyses of the symbionts isolated from the lichen E.pusillum under desiccation and starvation stress.The mycobiont of the symbionts was under the desiccation in combination with star...This work deals with the survival analyses of the symbionts isolated from the lichen E.pusillum under desiccation and starvation stress.The mycobiont of the symbionts was under the desiccation in combination with starvation stress,and under starvation stress alone as well.The phycobiont of the symbionts was under desiccation stress alone.The experiments were detected by means of the biomass size,weight and cell density,deformity of the hyphae and cells,and metabolic activity through SEM (scanning electron microscopy),TEM (transmission electron microscopy),FM (fluorescence microscopy),spectrophotometry,and FCM (flow cytometry).The results show that the mycobiont can survive for seven months under desiccation stress in combination with starvation stress,and for eight months under starvation stress alone.The phycobiont can survive for two months under desiccation stress.It can provide a scientific basis for further research of the reproduction biology of lichens and arid desert biocarpet engineering to fix sand and carbon.展开更多
The lichen-forming fungus was isolated from the desert lichen Endocarpon pusillum that is extremely drought resistant.To understand the molecular mechanisms of drought resistance in the fungus,we employed RNA-seq and ...The lichen-forming fungus was isolated from the desert lichen Endocarpon pusillum that is extremely drought resistant.To understand the molecular mechanisms of drought resistance in the fungus,we employed RNA-seq and quantitative real-time PCR to compare and characterize the differentially expressed genes in pure culture at two different water levels and with that in desiccated lichen.The comparative transcriptome analysis indicated that a total of 1781 genes were differentially expressed between samples cultured under normal and PEG-induced drought stress conditions.Similar to those in drought resistance plants and non-lichenized fungi,the common drought-resistant mechanisms were differentially expressed in E.pusillum.However,the expression change of genes involved in osmotic regulation in E.pusillum is different,which might be the evidence for the feature of drought adaptation.Interestingly,different from other organisms,some genes involved in drought adaption mechanisms showed significantly different expression patterns between the presence and absence of drought stress in E.pusillum.The expression of 23 candidate stress responsive genes was further confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR using dehydrated E.pusillum lichen thalli.This study provides a valuable resource for future research on lichen-forming fungi and shall facilitate future functional studies of the specific genes related to drought resistance.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.302700005)the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China(MOST,No.2007Aa021405).
文摘A new naphthoquinone compound named 7-hydroxyl-8-methoxyltrypethelone 3 together with two known compounds trypethelone 1 and trypethelone methyl ether 2 was isolated from cultured mycobiont of Astrothelium sp.The structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analysis as well as comparison with those reported in literatures.Compound 1 displayed significant antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis（ATCC 6633）,and showed modest antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus col（MRSA）（CGMCC 1.2465）,while compounds 2 and 3 showed modest antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 850E（CGMCC 1.2135） and S.aureus col（MRSA）（CGMCC 1.2465）.
文摘Based on the compilation of literature on lichens of Odisha(India)and other specimens and preserved in herbaria,we estimate that 252 species of lichens,belonging to 81 genera and 35 families are known from the state.Graphidaceae with 49 species is the dominant family,followed by Arthoniaceae(21),Pyrenulaceae(19),Parmeliaceae(18),Trypetheliaceae(17),Physciaceae(15),Teloschistaceae(14),Lecanoraceae(13),Pertusariaceae(12),Ramalinaceae(11),Caliciaceae(11),Thelotremataceae(9)and Lecidiaceae(4).Among the lichen genera Graphis is dominant with 27 species,followed by Pyrenula(16),Caloplaca(14),Pertusaria(12),Lecanora(10),Parmotrema(9),Cryptothecia(9)and Pyxine(6).Accounts of lichens are only available from 13 out of 30 districts.Of these only cursory collections from 10 districts are available,whereas Mayurbhanj,Jharsuguda and Ganjam districts are well-explored for their lichen flora.The present enumeration of more than 250 species clearly indicates a rich diversity of lichens for the state.Further exploration in other unexplored districts will add more species to the lichen flora of the state.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.30670004)Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant No.2007AA021405)
文摘This work deals with the survival analyses of the symbionts isolated from the lichen E.pusillum under desiccation and starvation stress.The mycobiont of the symbionts was under the desiccation in combination with starvation stress,and under starvation stress alone as well.The phycobiont of the symbionts was under desiccation stress alone.The experiments were detected by means of the biomass size,weight and cell density,deformity of the hyphae and cells,and metabolic activity through SEM (scanning electron microscopy),TEM (transmission electron microscopy),FM (fluorescence microscopy),spectrophotometry,and FCM (flow cytometry).The results show that the mycobiont can survive for seven months under desiccation stress in combination with starvation stress,and for eight months under starvation stress alone.The phycobiont can survive for two months under desiccation stress.It can provide a scientific basis for further research of the reproduction biology of lichens and arid desert biocarpet engineering to fix sand and carbon.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31270018)the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(KSCX2-EW-J-6)the State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas,Northwest A&F University
文摘The lichen-forming fungus was isolated from the desert lichen Endocarpon pusillum that is extremely drought resistant.To understand the molecular mechanisms of drought resistance in the fungus,we employed RNA-seq and quantitative real-time PCR to compare and characterize the differentially expressed genes in pure culture at two different water levels and with that in desiccated lichen.The comparative transcriptome analysis indicated that a total of 1781 genes were differentially expressed between samples cultured under normal and PEG-induced drought stress conditions.Similar to those in drought resistance plants and non-lichenized fungi,the common drought-resistant mechanisms were differentially expressed in E.pusillum.However,the expression change of genes involved in osmotic regulation in E.pusillum is different,which might be the evidence for the feature of drought adaptation.Interestingly,different from other organisms,some genes involved in drought adaption mechanisms showed significantly different expression patterns between the presence and absence of drought stress in E.pusillum.The expression of 23 candidate stress responsive genes was further confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR using dehydrated E.pusillum lichen thalli.This study provides a valuable resource for future research on lichen-forming fungi and shall facilitate future functional studies of the specific genes related to drought resistance.
