超长链脂肪酸延伸酶(elongase of verylong chain fatty acids,ELOVL)家族是哺乳动物中一类编码超长链脂肪酸(very long chain fatty acids,VLCFA)延伸酶的基因家族。该家族有7个成员:ELOVL1～7。各个成员编码的蛋白质参与不同长度脂肪...超长链脂肪酸延伸酶(elongase of verylong chain fatty acids,ELOVL)家族是哺乳动物中一类编码超长链脂肪酸(very long chain fatty acids,VLCFA)延伸酶的基因家族。该家族有7个成员:ELOVL1～7。各个成员编码的蛋白质参与不同长度脂肪酸链的延长,对脂肪酸的代谢进行调控,进而发挥其生物学功能。本文就该家族成员的结构、生物学功能及表达调控进行综述。展开更多
Introduction: The National Cholesterol Education Program and the American Heart Association considered a dietary therapy as a primary approach to prevent and treat hyperlipemia and hypertension. Mediterranean diet has...Introduction: The National Cholesterol Education Program and the American Heart Association considered a dietary therapy as a primary approach to prevent and treat hyperlipemia and hypertension. Mediterranean diet has been promoted as a model of healthy eating and widely recognized for favorable effects on lipid profile. Objective: We investigated whether the adherence to dietary recommendations have any significant benefit on cardiovascular risk factors. A cohort of 2141 of subjects attending our center was recruited by collaborating General Practitioners who participate in the PLIC Study. Methods: Participants completed a week quantitative food questionnaire, which was analized on a subgroup of 338 subjects at enrolment (V1) and after two years of follow up (V2). Daily energy intake in Kcal, lipid, protein, carbohydrates in percentage of total energy, monounsatured (MUFA), saturated (SFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in g/die, cholesterol in mg/die was calculated from the food questionnaires. Cardiovascular risk (CVR) was estimated according Framingham algorithm. Results: Subjects which adhered to AHA step 1 diet showed a significantly lower total cholesterol, 213.88 ± 43.00 vs 220.19 ± 39.3 mg/dL, LDL-cholesterol, 139.80 ± 76.36 vs 142.75 ± 35.60 mg/dL (p < 0.01 for both) as compared to subjects with an impaired dietary pattern while no differences were observed for HDL cholesterol. Conclusions: Changes in dietary profiles are associated with an improved lipid profile and therefore remain one of the more favorable nutritional models in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease.展开更多
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), as the main histological type of esophageal cancer (EC), has the characteristics of high malignant degree, high mortality and tendency to lymph node metastasis. Despite the c...Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), as the main histological type of esophageal cancer (EC), has the characteristics of high malignant degree, high mortality and tendency to lymph node metastasis. Despite the combination of surgery and chemoradiotherapy, ECSS has a poor prognosis. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered iron-dependent programmed cell death pattern characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxidation and characteristic morphological changes of mitochondria. It regulates the growth and invasion of cancer cells in various tumors such as gastric cancer and pancreatic cancer. In this article, we mainly introduce the ferroptosis regulatory mechanism in ESCC, hoping to provide a new direction and ideas for the treatment of ECSS.展开更多
The reduced diameter of skeletal myofibres is a hallmark of several congenital myopathies,yet the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain elusive.In this study,we investigate the role of HACD1/PTPLA,which ...The reduced diameter of skeletal myofibres is a hallmark of several congenital myopathies,yet the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain elusive.In this study,we investigate the role of HACD1/PTPLA,which is involved in the elongation of the very long chain fatty acids,in muscle fibre formation.In humans and dogs,HACD1 deficiency leads to a congenital myopathy with fibre size disproportion associated with a generalized muscleweakness.Throughanalysis of HACD1-deficient Labradors,Hacd1-knockout mice,and Hacd1-deficient myoblasts,we provide evidence that HACD1 promotes myoblast fusion during muscle development and regeneration.We further demonstrate that in normal differentiating myoblasts,expression of the catalytically active HACD1 isoform,which is encoded by a muscle-enriched splice variant,yields decreased lysophosphatidylcholine content,a potent inhibitor of myoblast fusion,and increased concentrations of≥C18 and monounsaturated fatty acids of phospholipids.These lipid modifications correlate with a reduction in plasma membrane rigidity.In conclusion,we propose that fusion impairment constitutes a novel,non-exclusive pathological mechanism operating in congenital myopathies and reveal that HACD1 is a key regulator of a lipid-dependent muscle fibre growth mechanism.展开更多
文摘超长链脂肪酸延伸酶(elongase of verylong chain fatty acids,ELOVL)家族是哺乳动物中一类编码超长链脂肪酸(very long chain fatty acids,VLCFA)延伸酶的基因家族。该家族有7个成员:ELOVL1～7。各个成员编码的蛋白质参与不同长度脂肪酸链的延长,对脂肪酸的代谢进行调控,进而发挥其生物学功能。本文就该家族成员的结构、生物学功能及表达调控进行综述。
文摘Introduction: The National Cholesterol Education Program and the American Heart Association considered a dietary therapy as a primary approach to prevent and treat hyperlipemia and hypertension. Mediterranean diet has been promoted as a model of healthy eating and widely recognized for favorable effects on lipid profile. Objective: We investigated whether the adherence to dietary recommendations have any significant benefit on cardiovascular risk factors. A cohort of 2141 of subjects attending our center was recruited by collaborating General Practitioners who participate in the PLIC Study. Methods: Participants completed a week quantitative food questionnaire, which was analized on a subgroup of 338 subjects at enrolment (V1) and after two years of follow up (V2). Daily energy intake in Kcal, lipid, protein, carbohydrates in percentage of total energy, monounsatured (MUFA), saturated (SFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in g/die, cholesterol in mg/die was calculated from the food questionnaires. Cardiovascular risk (CVR) was estimated according Framingham algorithm. Results: Subjects which adhered to AHA step 1 diet showed a significantly lower total cholesterol, 213.88 ± 43.00 vs 220.19 ± 39.3 mg/dL, LDL-cholesterol, 139.80 ± 76.36 vs 142.75 ± 35.60 mg/dL (p < 0.01 for both) as compared to subjects with an impaired dietary pattern while no differences were observed for HDL cholesterol. Conclusions: Changes in dietary profiles are associated with an improved lipid profile and therefore remain one of the more favorable nutritional models in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
文摘Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), as the main histological type of esophageal cancer (EC), has the characteristics of high malignant degree, high mortality and tendency to lymph node metastasis. Despite the combination of surgery and chemoradiotherapy, ECSS has a poor prognosis. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered iron-dependent programmed cell death pattern characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxidation and characteristic morphological changes of mitochondria. It regulates the growth and invasion of cancer cells in various tumors such as gastric cancer and pancreatic cancer. In this article, we mainly introduce the ferroptosis regulatory mechanism in ESCC, hoping to provide a new direction and ideas for the treatment of ECSS.
基金This work was supported by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche(ANR-12-JSV1-0005)the Association Franc¸aise contre les Myopathies(14577,15882,and 16143)+4 种基金the CNM Project(www.labradorcnm.com)the Alliance program(22866ZM)the Myotubular Trust and Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(B)to A.K.from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(23370057)J.B.was supported by the French Ministry of Research and Technologies and the Universite´Paris 6(Paris)V.G.,A.P.,and A.R.were supported by the ANR,N.B-G.and I.B.were supported by the AFM,and G.W.was supported by the BBSRC CASE and the Myotubular Trust.
文摘The reduced diameter of skeletal myofibres is a hallmark of several congenital myopathies,yet the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain elusive.In this study,we investigate the role of HACD1/PTPLA,which is involved in the elongation of the very long chain fatty acids,in muscle fibre formation.In humans and dogs,HACD1 deficiency leads to a congenital myopathy with fibre size disproportion associated with a generalized muscleweakness.Throughanalysis of HACD1-deficient Labradors,Hacd1-knockout mice,and Hacd1-deficient myoblasts,we provide evidence that HACD1 promotes myoblast fusion during muscle development and regeneration.We further demonstrate that in normal differentiating myoblasts,expression of the catalytically active HACD1 isoform,which is encoded by a muscle-enriched splice variant,yields decreased lysophosphatidylcholine content,a potent inhibitor of myoblast fusion,and increased concentrations of≥C18 and monounsaturated fatty acids of phospholipids.These lipid modifications correlate with a reduction in plasma membrane rigidity.In conclusion,we propose that fusion impairment constitutes a novel,non-exclusive pathological mechanism operating in congenital myopathies and reveal that HACD1 is a key regulator of a lipid-dependent muscle fibre growth mechanism.
