马尾藻(Sargassum)是一种在全球海洋广泛分布的漂浮大型褐藻,近年来由于其大量繁殖引发的“金潮”(Golden tides)现象,在以中国东海ECS(East China Sea)为主要区域的中国近海爆发愈加频发,对沿海生态环境和经济活动造成了不可忽视的影...马尾藻(Sargassum)是一种在全球海洋广泛分布的漂浮大型褐藻,近年来由于其大量繁殖引发的“金潮”(Golden tides)现象,在以中国东海ECS(East China Sea)为主要区域的中国近海爆发愈加频发,对沿海生态环境和经济活动造成了不可忽视的影响。光学卫星遥感是海洋大型漂浮藻监测的有力支撑,能实现马尾藻的精确识别与定量估算。光学卫星遥感精细化监测中国东海马尾藻,尚缺乏马尾藻(中国东海主要藻种为铜藻)光学定量遥感模型,主要是因为缺失模型研究所需的实测光谱数据,制约了中国近海马尾藻的卫星光学定量遥感研究与应用。为实现其精准光学遥感估算,本研究在中国东海进行了马尾藻(铜藻)生物量控制实验,获取了反射率光谱数据,结合传感器光谱响应函数与遥感瑞利校正反射率Rrc(Rayleigh-corrected Reflectance),建立了适用于多源光学传感器的中国东海马尾藻光学遥感估算模型,实现了多源光学卫星数据上马尾藻生物量有效估算,并对多源光学遥感数据的估算结果进行对比验证。结果表明相较于覆盖面积等定量参数,生物量能有效减少不同空间分辨率传感器因遥感尺度效应所带来的定量估算偏差,在多源卫星数据估算结果间具有较好的一致性,是不确定性最小的量化参数。基于多源光学卫星遥感数据对中国近海马尾藻开展定量遥感估算,为全面、准确掌握金潮爆发信息,促进中国近海漂浮藻类的精准量化和动态监测提供了重要参考。展开更多
Osteoarthritis(OA)is a degenerative skeletal condition marked by the loss of articular cartilage and changes to subchondral bone homeostasis.Treatments for OA beyond full joint replacement are lacking primarily due to...Osteoarthritis(OA)is a degenerative skeletal condition marked by the loss of articular cartilage and changes to subchondral bone homeostasis.Treatments for OA beyond full joint replacement are lacking primarily due to gaps in molecular knowledge of the biological drivers of disease.Mass Spectrometry Imaging(MSI)enables molecular spatial mapping of the proteomic landscape of tissues.Histologic sections of human tibial plateaus from knees of human OA patients and cadaveric controls were treated with collagenase Ⅲ to target extracellular matrix(ECM)proteins prior to MS Imaging of bone and cartilage proteins.Spatial MS imaging of the knee identified distinct areas of joint damage to the subchondral bone underneath areas of lost cartilage.This damaged bone signature extended underneath remaining cartilage in OA joints,indicating subchondral bone remodeling could occur before full thickness cartilage loss in OA.Specific ECM peptide markers from OA-affected medial tibial plateaus were compared to their healthier lateral halves from the same patient,as well as to healthy,age-matched cadaveric knees.Overall,31 peptide candidates from ECM proteins,including Collagen alpha-1(Ⅰ),Collagen alpha-1(Ⅲ),and surprisingly,Collagen alpha-1(Ⅵ)and Collagen alpha-3(Ⅵ),exhibited significantly elevated abundance in diseased tissues.Additionally,highly specific hydroxyproline-containing collagen peptides,mainly from collagen typeⅠ,dominated OA subchondral bone directly under regions of lost cartilage but not areas where cartilage remained intact.A separate analysis of synovial fluid from a second cohort of OA patients found similar regulation of collagens and ECM proteins via LC-MS/MS demonstrating that markers of subchondral bone remodeling discovered by MALDI-MS may be detectable as biomarkers in biofluid samples.The identification of specific protein markers for subchondral bone remodeling in OA advances our molecular understanding of disease progression in OA and provides potential new biomarkers for OA detection and disease grading.展开更多
文摘马尾藻(Sargassum)是一种在全球海洋广泛分布的漂浮大型褐藻,近年来由于其大量繁殖引发的“金潮”(Golden tides)现象,在以中国东海ECS(East China Sea)为主要区域的中国近海爆发愈加频发,对沿海生态环境和经济活动造成了不可忽视的影响。光学卫星遥感是海洋大型漂浮藻监测的有力支撑,能实现马尾藻的精确识别与定量估算。光学卫星遥感精细化监测中国东海马尾藻,尚缺乏马尾藻(中国东海主要藻种为铜藻)光学定量遥感模型,主要是因为缺失模型研究所需的实测光谱数据,制约了中国近海马尾藻的卫星光学定量遥感研究与应用。为实现其精准光学遥感估算,本研究在中国东海进行了马尾藻(铜藻)生物量控制实验,获取了反射率光谱数据,结合传感器光谱响应函数与遥感瑞利校正反射率Rrc(Rayleigh-corrected Reflectance),建立了适用于多源光学传感器的中国东海马尾藻光学遥感估算模型,实现了多源光学卫星数据上马尾藻生物量有效估算,并对多源光学遥感数据的估算结果进行对比验证。结果表明相较于覆盖面积等定量参数,生物量能有效减少不同空间分辨率传感器因遥感尺度效应所带来的定量估算偏差,在多源卫星数据估算结果间具有较好的一致性,是不确定性最小的量化参数。基于多源光学卫星遥感数据对中国近海马尾藻开展定量遥感估算,为全面、准确掌握金潮爆发信息,促进中国近海漂浮藻类的精准量化和动态监测提供了重要参考。
文摘Osteoarthritis(OA)is a degenerative skeletal condition marked by the loss of articular cartilage and changes to subchondral bone homeostasis.Treatments for OA beyond full joint replacement are lacking primarily due to gaps in molecular knowledge of the biological drivers of disease.Mass Spectrometry Imaging(MSI)enables molecular spatial mapping of the proteomic landscape of tissues.Histologic sections of human tibial plateaus from knees of human OA patients and cadaveric controls were treated with collagenase Ⅲ to target extracellular matrix(ECM)proteins prior to MS Imaging of bone and cartilage proteins.Spatial MS imaging of the knee identified distinct areas of joint damage to the subchondral bone underneath areas of lost cartilage.This damaged bone signature extended underneath remaining cartilage in OA joints,indicating subchondral bone remodeling could occur before full thickness cartilage loss in OA.Specific ECM peptide markers from OA-affected medial tibial plateaus were compared to their healthier lateral halves from the same patient,as well as to healthy,age-matched cadaveric knees.Overall,31 peptide candidates from ECM proteins,including Collagen alpha-1(Ⅰ),Collagen alpha-1(Ⅲ),and surprisingly,Collagen alpha-1(Ⅵ)and Collagen alpha-3(Ⅵ),exhibited significantly elevated abundance in diseased tissues.Additionally,highly specific hydroxyproline-containing collagen peptides,mainly from collagen typeⅠ,dominated OA subchondral bone directly under regions of lost cartilage but not areas where cartilage remained intact.A separate analysis of synovial fluid from a second cohort of OA patients found similar regulation of collagens and ECM proteins via LC-MS/MS demonstrating that markers of subchondral bone remodeling discovered by MALDI-MS may be detectable as biomarkers in biofluid samples.The identification of specific protein markers for subchondral bone remodeling in OA advances our molecular understanding of disease progression in OA and provides potential new biomarkers for OA detection and disease grading.
