Introduction: Now the molecular epidemiology is a new experience. It’s was noted that ninety percent of mouth cancers are squamous cell carcinomas and recorded 0.96% year of all cancers in Indonesia. Human papilloma ...Introduction: Now the molecular epidemiology is a new experience. It’s was noted that ninety percent of mouth cancers are squamous cell carcinomas and recorded 0.96% year of all cancers in Indonesia. Human papilloma virus (HPV) was implicated in pathogenesis of cancer. As a remark, that mutations of p53 and c-myc are found 50% in cancer. Objective: Aims of this research were to know the relationship between the mouth squamous cell carcinoma (MSCC) with HPV infection, the presence of p53, and c-myc genes mutation. Methods and Material: Tissue biopsy frozen sections from Benign Mouth Squamous Cell (BMSC) and MSCC patients were collected from Mouth and Dental Department of Muwardi District Hospital in Solo—Indonesia. To amplify L1-HPV gene for fixed the HPV etiology, amplified p53 and c-myc genes continued with SSCP analysis and followed with measurement using densitometer to see mutation existence. The collected data were analyzed with Chi Square Test. Results: None of the sample of patients with BMSC with positive HPV showed p53 gene mutation or c-myc gene. From eleven samples obtained from patients with MSCC who were positive HPV showed 18.2% had mutations in the p53 gene and 9.1% had mutations in c-myc gene. The chisquare test was shown to have significant differences between the MSCC with HPV infection and the presence of p53 and c-myc genes mutation. Conclusion: HPV is a risk ingredient for MSCC.展开更多
To reduce the carbon footprint in the transportation sector and improve overall vehicle efficiency,a large number of electric vehicles are being manufactured.This is due to the fact that environmental concerns and the...To reduce the carbon footprint in the transportation sector and improve overall vehicle efficiency,a large number of electric vehicles are being manufactured.This is due to the fact that environmental concerns and the depletion of fossil fuels have become significant global problems.Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)have been distinguished themselves from alternative energy storage technologies for electric vehicles(EVs) due to superior qualities like high energy and power density,extended cycle life,and low maintenance cost to a competitive price.However,there are still certain challenges to be solved,like EV fast charging,longer lifetime,and reduced weight.For fast charging,the multi-stage constant current(MSCC) charging technique is an emerging solution to improve charging efficiency,reduce temperature rise during charging,increase charging/discharging capacities,shorten charging time,and extend the cycle life.However,there are large variations in the implementation of the number of stages,stage transition criterion,and C-rate selection for each stage.This paper provides a review of these problems by compiling information from the literature.An overview of the impact of different design parameters(number of stages,stage transition,and C-rate) that the MSCC charging techniques have had on the LIB performance and cycle life is described in detail and analyzed.The impact of design parameters on lifetime,charging efficiency,charging and discharging capacity,charging speed,and rising temperature during charging is presented,and this review provides guidelines for designing advanced fast charging strategies and determining future research gaps.展开更多
Radio propagation in dense and super dense wireless networks as well as indoor-to-outdoor picocell networks can have multiple line-of-sight or multiple specular components. The performance of a dual-hop decode-and-for...Radio propagation in dense and super dense wireless networks as well as indoor-to-outdoor picocell networks can have multiple line-of-sight or multiple specular components. The performance of a dual-hop decode-and-forward relaying system over multiple specular components fading channels(MSCC)with multiple Rayleigh distributed co-channel interferers in an interference-limited environment is investigated. The MSCC fading model is designed to allow direct and meaningful comparisons to be made between line-of-sight channels and non-line-of-sight channels, with exact parameter correspondences. Comparisons of outage and bit error performance between Nakagami-m/Rayleigh and MSCC/Rayleigh fading environments show that the MSCC model is needed to describe line-of-sight channels that cannot be accurately modeled by the Nakagami-m, or other fading models.展开更多
Objective:The optimal treatment of patients with metastatic spinal cord compression(MSCC) is still being debated.This randomized trial was planned to compare the functional outcome and its related prognostic factors,t...Objective:The optimal treatment of patients with metastatic spinal cord compression(MSCC) is still being debated.This randomized trial was planned to compare the functional outcome and its related prognostic factors,toxicity and in-field recurrence of the three schedules of radiotherapy.Methods:Two hundred and eighty five patients enrolled in the study of which 95 received 1 × 8 Gy,100 received 10 x 3 Gy and 90 received the radiation treatment of 20 × 2 Gy.Irradiation was performed with 6-10 Mv linear accelerators or cobalt-60 units by single posterior field or parallel opposed fields according to depth of irradiation spines.Premedication with dexamethasone was started from the first day of clinico-radiologic diagnosis till 4-5 days after the end of radiotherapy(RT) then tapered off during 10 days.Potential prognostic factors were evaluated with respect to functional outcome.Results:All groups were balanced for patient's characteristics and potential prognostic factors.No statistically significant difference was observed between the 3 groups as regard functional outcome and toxicity while single fraction was associated with higher in-field recurrences(22.8%) with statistically significant difference between the 3 groups(P = 0.01).Functional outcome was significantly better with younger age(≤ 60 y),Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status(ECOG-PS) of 1-2,involved vertebra of 1-2,favorable tumor type,absence of visceral or other bone metastasis,decreased time of developing motor deficit before radiotherapy,long interval between cancer diagnosis to metastatic spinal cord compression,and normal ambulatory status.Conclusion:The three schedules provided similar functional outcome.Single-radiation dose was associated with higher in-field recurrence.To minimize treatment time and costs,the dose of 1 × 8 Gy is recommended for patients with poor predicated survival and 10 × 3 Gy for other patients.展开更多
目的分析恶性肿瘤所致脊髓压迫症的放射治疗疗效。方法选取放疗科2003年4月-2010年8月住院治疗的45例恶性肿瘤所致脊髓压迫症患者,采用放射治疗加激素治疗。直线加速器6MV-X线外照射,照射野范围包括转移椎体上、下各一个正常椎体,位于...目的分析恶性肿瘤所致脊髓压迫症的放射治疗疗效。方法选取放疗科2003年4月-2010年8月住院治疗的45例恶性肿瘤所致脊髓压迫症患者,采用放射治疗加激素治疗。直线加速器6MV-X线外照射,照射野范围包括转移椎体上、下各一个正常椎体,位于颈段的病灶用两侧对穿照射,位于胸、腰骶部的病灶照射方式从后背单野或前后野垂直照射。照射剂量300 cGy×10次,5次/周,或200 cGy×20次,5次/周。所有病例放射治疗时辅助使用地塞米松(10mg/d)加20%甘露醇(250 m l/d)静脉滴注。放疗结束后1个月记录患者症状和体征变化,评价疗效。结果背痛总有效率达84.4%(38/45);运动功能改善总有效率为75.6%(34/45);膀胱括约肌功能恢复率37.5%(3/8)。结论恶性肿瘤所致脊髓压迫症患者采用放射治疗加激素治疗症状缓解率高。展开更多
文摘Introduction: Now the molecular epidemiology is a new experience. It’s was noted that ninety percent of mouth cancers are squamous cell carcinomas and recorded 0.96% year of all cancers in Indonesia. Human papilloma virus (HPV) was implicated in pathogenesis of cancer. As a remark, that mutations of p53 and c-myc are found 50% in cancer. Objective: Aims of this research were to know the relationship between the mouth squamous cell carcinoma (MSCC) with HPV infection, the presence of p53, and c-myc genes mutation. Methods and Material: Tissue biopsy frozen sections from Benign Mouth Squamous Cell (BMSC) and MSCC patients were collected from Mouth and Dental Department of Muwardi District Hospital in Solo—Indonesia. To amplify L1-HPV gene for fixed the HPV etiology, amplified p53 and c-myc genes continued with SSCP analysis and followed with measurement using densitometer to see mutation existence. The collected data were analyzed with Chi Square Test. Results: None of the sample of patients with BMSC with positive HPV showed p53 gene mutation or c-myc gene. From eleven samples obtained from patients with MSCC who were positive HPV showed 18.2% had mutations in the p53 gene and 9.1% had mutations in c-myc gene. The chisquare test was shown to have significant differences between the MSCC with HPV infection and the presence of p53 and c-myc genes mutation. Conclusion: HPV is a risk ingredient for MSCC.
文摘To reduce the carbon footprint in the transportation sector and improve overall vehicle efficiency,a large number of electric vehicles are being manufactured.This is due to the fact that environmental concerns and the depletion of fossil fuels have become significant global problems.Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)have been distinguished themselves from alternative energy storage technologies for electric vehicles(EVs) due to superior qualities like high energy and power density,extended cycle life,and low maintenance cost to a competitive price.However,there are still certain challenges to be solved,like EV fast charging,longer lifetime,and reduced weight.For fast charging,the multi-stage constant current(MSCC) charging technique is an emerging solution to improve charging efficiency,reduce temperature rise during charging,increase charging/discharging capacities,shorten charging time,and extend the cycle life.However,there are large variations in the implementation of the number of stages,stage transition criterion,and C-rate selection for each stage.This paper provides a review of these problems by compiling information from the literature.An overview of the impact of different design parameters(number of stages,stage transition,and C-rate) that the MSCC charging techniques have had on the LIB performance and cycle life is described in detail and analyzed.The impact of design parameters on lifetime,charging efficiency,charging and discharging capacity,charging speed,and rising temperature during charging is presented,and this review provides guidelines for designing advanced fast charging strategies and determining future research gaps.
基金supported by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities No. 2014JBZ001the NSFC project No.11171016the National Program No.2015AA01A709
文摘Radio propagation in dense and super dense wireless networks as well as indoor-to-outdoor picocell networks can have multiple line-of-sight or multiple specular components. The performance of a dual-hop decode-and-forward relaying system over multiple specular components fading channels(MSCC)with multiple Rayleigh distributed co-channel interferers in an interference-limited environment is investigated. The MSCC fading model is designed to allow direct and meaningful comparisons to be made between line-of-sight channels and non-line-of-sight channels, with exact parameter correspondences. Comparisons of outage and bit error performance between Nakagami-m/Rayleigh and MSCC/Rayleigh fading environments show that the MSCC model is needed to describe line-of-sight channels that cannot be accurately modeled by the Nakagami-m, or other fading models.
文摘Objective:The optimal treatment of patients with metastatic spinal cord compression(MSCC) is still being debated.This randomized trial was planned to compare the functional outcome and its related prognostic factors,toxicity and in-field recurrence of the three schedules of radiotherapy.Methods:Two hundred and eighty five patients enrolled in the study of which 95 received 1 × 8 Gy,100 received 10 x 3 Gy and 90 received the radiation treatment of 20 × 2 Gy.Irradiation was performed with 6-10 Mv linear accelerators or cobalt-60 units by single posterior field or parallel opposed fields according to depth of irradiation spines.Premedication with dexamethasone was started from the first day of clinico-radiologic diagnosis till 4-5 days after the end of radiotherapy(RT) then tapered off during 10 days.Potential prognostic factors were evaluated with respect to functional outcome.Results:All groups were balanced for patient's characteristics and potential prognostic factors.No statistically significant difference was observed between the 3 groups as regard functional outcome and toxicity while single fraction was associated with higher in-field recurrences(22.8%) with statistically significant difference between the 3 groups(P = 0.01).Functional outcome was significantly better with younger age(≤ 60 y),Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status(ECOG-PS) of 1-2,involved vertebra of 1-2,favorable tumor type,absence of visceral or other bone metastasis,decreased time of developing motor deficit before radiotherapy,long interval between cancer diagnosis to metastatic spinal cord compression,and normal ambulatory status.Conclusion:The three schedules provided similar functional outcome.Single-radiation dose was associated with higher in-field recurrence.To minimize treatment time and costs,the dose of 1 × 8 Gy is recommended for patients with poor predicated survival and 10 × 3 Gy for other patients.
文摘目的分析恶性肿瘤所致脊髓压迫症的放射治疗疗效。方法选取放疗科2003年4月-2010年8月住院治疗的45例恶性肿瘤所致脊髓压迫症患者,采用放射治疗加激素治疗。直线加速器6MV-X线外照射,照射野范围包括转移椎体上、下各一个正常椎体,位于颈段的病灶用两侧对穿照射,位于胸、腰骶部的病灶照射方式从后背单野或前后野垂直照射。照射剂量300 cGy×10次,5次/周,或200 cGy×20次,5次/周。所有病例放射治疗时辅助使用地塞米松(10mg/d)加20%甘露醇(250 m l/d)静脉滴注。放疗结束后1个月记录患者症状和体征变化,评价疗效。结果背痛总有效率达84.4%(38/45);运动功能改善总有效率为75.6%(34/45);膀胱括约肌功能恢复率37.5%(3/8)。结论恶性肿瘤所致脊髓压迫症患者采用放射治疗加激素治疗症状缓解率高。
